Indian journal of cancer最新文献

We present an extremely rare case of intrahepatic splenosis (IHS). On admission and examination, the patient was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and postoperative injury or inflammatory lesions of the pancreas, based on image analysis. Postoperative histopathology showed that the lesions of the liver and diaphragm were of splenic origin, and the pancreatic lesion was identified as a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The lesson of this case is that if there is a history of splenic rupture or splenectomy, even in the presence of hepatitis or cirrhosis, doctors should be alert to the possibility of IHS. Furthermore, splenectomy may affect the blood supply to the tail of the pancreas, so patients with a pancreatic tail mass following splenectomy need follow-up and biopsy, if necessary.

A 40-year-old woman presented with dull, boring periumbilical region pain radiating to the back and vomiting for 1 year. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography detected a polypoid growth in the ampullary region. The patient underwent Whipple's procedure. The specimen revealed a 4.9 × 4.5 × 3.7 cm tumor arising from the pancreas, abutting the posterior pancreatic surface and infiltrating the terminal common bile duct and the ampulla. Microscopic examination showed a pancreatic tumor composed of neuroendocrine cells. In addition, many large foci showing solid sheets of oncocytic cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm were observed. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed positivity for synaptophysin, chromogranin, and Ki67 index above 70%. A diagnosis of oncocytic neuroendocrine tumor of Grade 3 was made. In electron microscopy, oncocytic cells showed abundant mitochondria dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Oncocytic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are uncommon and can be diagnosed only on histopathological examination. These tumors tend to show a malignant behavior.

Background: This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of apatinib monotherapy in the treatment of elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) who have progressed on the standard regimens.

Methods: The data of 106 elderly patients with advanced CRC who have progressed on standard treatment were analyzed. The primary endpoint of this study was progression-free survival (PFS), the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS). The safety outcomes were assessed by the proportion and severity of adverse events.

Results: Efficacy was assessed using the best overall response of patients during treatment with apatinib, including 0 patients with complete response, 9 patients with partial response, 68 patients with stable disease, and 29 patients with progressive disease. ORR and DCR were 8.5 and 72.6%, respectively. The median PFS of 106 patients was 3.6 months, and the median OS was 10.1 months. The most frequent adverse reactions of elderly patients with advanced CRC receiving apatinib treatment were hypertension (59.4%) and hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (48.1%). The median PFS of patients with and without hypertension was 5.0 and 3.0 months, respectively ( P = 0.008). The median PFS of patients with and without HFS was 5.4 and 3.0 months, respectively ( P = 0.013).

Conclusions: The clinical benefit of apatinib monotherapy was observed in elderly patients with advanced CRC who have progressed on the standard regimens. The adverse reactions of hypertension and HFS were positively related to treatment efficacy.

The adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a very rare tumor that usually grows aggressively due to perineural invasion. Although there is no guideline for the treatment due to the small number of patients, the primary treatment is considered as surgery. Adjuvant radiotherapy has also been shown to be beneficial. Three cases, which were histopathologically confirmed as ACC of Bartholin's gland and received adjuvant radiotherapy treatment, were presented in this study.

Research misconduct refers to deliberate or accidental manipulation or misrepresentation of research data, findings, or processes. It can take many forms, such as fabricating data, plagiarism, or failing to disclose conflicts of interest. Data falsification is a serious problem in the field of medical research, as it can lead to the promotion of false or misleading information. Researchers might engage in p-hacking - the practice of using someone else's research results or ideas without giving them proper attribution. Conflict of interest (COI) occurs when an individual's personal, financial, or professional interests could potentially influence their judgment or actions in relation to their research. Nondisclosure of COI can be considered research misconduct and can damage the reputation of the authors and institutions. Hypothesis after results are known can lead to the promotion of false or misleading information. Cherry-picking data is the practice of focusing attention on certain data points or results that support a particular hypothesis, while ignoring or downplaying results that do not. Researchers should be transparent about their methods and report their findings honestly and accurately. Research institutions should have clear and stringent policies in place to address scientific misconduct. This knowledge must become widespread, so that researchers and readers understand what approaches to statistical analysis and reporting amount to scientific misconduct. It is imperative that readers and researchers alike are aware of the methods of statistical analysis and reporting that constitute scientific misconduct.

Background: The combined treatment of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and apatinib had beneficial effects on the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the efficacy of this regimen is still controversial and needs further investigation.

Materials and methods: The clinical records of advanced HCC patients between May 2015 and December 2016 were collected from our hospital. They were categorized into the TACE monotherapy group and the combination of TACE and apatinib group. After propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, the disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and occurrence of adverse events were compared between the two treatments.

Results: There were 115 HCC patients included in the study. Among them, 53 received TACE monotherapy and 62 were treated with TACE plus apatinib. After PSM analysis, 50 pairs of patients were compared. The DCR of the TACE group was significantly lower than that of the combination of TACE and apatinib group (35 [70%] versus 45 [90%], P < 0.05). The ORR of the TACE group was also significantly lower than that of the combination of TACE and apatinib group (22 [44%] versus 34 [68%], P < 0.05). Patients who received the combined treatment of TACE and apatinib had longer PFS compared with those in the TACE monotherapy group ( P < 0.001). Moreover, hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, and albuminuria were more common in the combination of TACE and apatinib group ( P < 0.05), although all adverse events were well tolerated.

Conclusions: The combined treatment of TACE and apatinib showed beneficial effects on tumor response, survival outcomes, and tolerance to treatment, which may be used as a routine regimen for advanced HCC patients.

Background: The cancer registry provides reliable data from the population. In this article, we provide cancer burden and its patterns from the Varanasi district.

Methods: The method adopted by the Varanasi cancer registry is community interaction along with regular visits to more than 60 sources to collect data on cancer patients. The cancer registry was established by the Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, in 2017 covering 4 million population (57% rural and 43% urban population).

Results: The registry has recorded 1,907 incidence cases (1,058 male and 849 female). The age-adjusted incidence rate per 100,000 population in male and female of Varanasi district is 59.2 and 52.1, respectively. One in 15 male and one in 17 female are at risk of developing the disease. Mouth and tongue cancers are the predominant cancers in male, whereas breast, cervix uteri, and gallbladder are the leading cancer sites among the female. In female, cervix uteri cancer is significantly higher (double) in rural areas when compared with urban areas (rate ratio [RR] 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.36, 0.72]), whereas in male, mouth cancer is higher in urban areas when compared with rural areas (RR 1.4, 95% CI [1.11, 1.72]). More than 50% of cancer cases in male are due to tobacco consumption. There may be underreporting of the cases.

Conclusion: The results of the registry warrant policies and activities related to early detection services for the mouth, cervix uteri, and breast cancers. The Varanasi cancer registry is the foundation for cancer control and will play an important role in the evaluation of the interventions.

Background: Tobacco use has emerged as a major public health issue with increasing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Despite evidence that even brief tobacco counseling by health care professionals is effective in motivating a tobacco user to quit, there was a lack of customized tobacco counseling training module (TCTM) for students of dentistry in their existing curriculum. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of a customized TCTM in improving KAASS in tobacco counseling among undergraduate dental students.

Methods: TCTM that was previously pilot tested was implemented as a value addition in Public Health Dentistry for two academic years. Changes in knowledge, attitude, ability to identify oral manifestations, self-confidence, and skills (KAASS) in tobacco counseling were assessed before and after implementation of TCTM. Mean pre and post intervention scores were compared.

Results: Mean scores for knowledge, attitude, ability to identify oral manifestations, and self-confidence (KAAS) at baseline were 4.4 ± 0.9, 5.1 ± 0.7, 4.5 ± 1.1, and 1.3 ± 0.4, respectively. Mean KAAS scores post intervention were 13.5 ± 1.0, 8.7 ± 0.4, 9.4 ± 0.7, and 3.5 ± 0.5, respectively. There was a significant improvement in the mean KAAS score post intervention compared to baseline. Tobacco counseling skills also significantly improved among the participants following implementation of the training module (68.8%) did well compared to the baseline (0%).

Conclusion: TCTM was effective in enhancing knowledge, attitude, ability to identify oral manifestations, and self-confidence in tobacco counseling among undergraduate dental students.

Background: To evaluate the relation between serum-25-hydroxy Vitamin-D levels (S25OHVDL) and concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CTRT) toxicities in patients of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Methods: After an institutional ethics committee approval, consecutive HNSCC patients who received radical/adjuvant CTRT were prospectively evaluated. Patients were assessed for CTRT toxicities using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE-v5.0) and the response was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST-1.1). S25OHVDL was assessed at the time of the first follow-up. Patients were divided into group A (Optimal) and group B (suboptimal) according to S25OHVDL. The treatment toxicities were correlated with S25OHVDL.

Results: Twenty-eight patients were evaluated for the study. S25OHVDL was optimal in eight (28.57%) and suboptimal in 20 patients (71.42%). Mucositis and radiation dermatitis were significantly more in subgroup B ( P -value 0.0011 and 0.0505, respectively). Relatively lower but nonsignificant hemoglobin and peripheral white blood cell counts were observed in subgroup B.

Conclusion: Suboptimal S25OHVDL was associated with significantly more skin and mucosal toxicities in HNSCC patients treated with CTRT.