Sukrita Bhattacharjee, Shouriyo Ghosh, S. Ray, Sambit Samanta, N. Sinha, Sandeep Saha, M. Bhattacharyya
Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) diagnosed during pregnancy is rare and causes ethical and therapeutic challenges. We performed a retrospective search of ALL patients ( n = 202) treated at our institution from 2015 to 2020 and found five patients diagnosed during pregnancy. In this report, we discuss the individual patients in detail and the challenges faced during their treatment. The use of established lymphoblastic leukemia treatment protocols and the modifications made therein to prevent untoward chemotherapy-related toxicities to the fetus are discussed in this study. We report the second use of rasburicase during pregnancy in literature with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. We also present an extensive literature review of 41 cases of ALL in pregnancy previously reported. It is important to note that there is a dearth of guidelines for the treatment of these complex situations, and although certain general principles can be established, an individualized approach is needed in most cases of leukemia diagnosed during pregnancy.
{"title":"Pregnancy and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Series and Review of Literature","authors":"Sukrita Bhattacharjee, Shouriyo Ghosh, S. Ray, Sambit Samanta, N. Sinha, Sandeep Saha, M. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766129","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) diagnosed during pregnancy is rare and causes ethical and therapeutic challenges. We performed a retrospective search of ALL patients ( n = 202) treated at our institution from 2015 to 2020 and found five patients diagnosed during pregnancy. In this report, we discuss the individual patients in detail and the challenges faced during their treatment. The use of established lymphoblastic leukemia treatment protocols and the modifications made therein to prevent untoward chemotherapy-related toxicities to the fetus are discussed in this study. We report the second use of rasburicase during pregnancy in literature with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. We also present an extensive literature review of 41 cases of ALL in pregnancy previously reported. It is important to note that there is a dearth of guidelines for the treatment of these complex situations, and although certain general principles can be established, an individualized approach is needed in most cases of leukemia diagnosed during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41703138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Cancer is known as a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells with the potential to proliferate and destroy body tissues. While it is not uncommon to observe changes in psychological states among patients with cancer, the pandemic situation has been reported to have an impact more severely. Objectives This study attempts to understand the psychological problems of cancer patients, and the process of coping adopted by reproductive cancer patients during the period of the pandemic. Materials and Methods This study uses a correlation research design and the tools used for assessment were the four-dimensional symptom questionnaire and Brief COPE inventory. Through nonrandom sampling, a sample of 120 cancer patients diagnosed with reproductive cancer, both male and female from the regional cancer center and private cancer hospitals in Hyderabad, was recruited for the pandemic period from May 2020 to September 2021. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression statistical analysis methods were implemented. Results Significant negative correlation was observed between psychological states and coping. Using multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that distress and depression predict problem-solving coping, distress and anxiety predict emotion-solving coping, and distress predicts adaptive coping. Conclusion This study examines the psychological factors and coping methods in adapting to the dual challenges of illness and potential risk of infection transmission, and emphasizes designing an effective intervention. During the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis, the lack of support through psychological counseling to address their coping mechanisms to face the challenges is also glaring.
{"title":"Relationship between Psychological States and Coping in Reproductive Cancer Patients in the Context of the Pandemic","authors":"B. Menon, Padmaja Gadiraju","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766132","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Cancer is known as a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells with the potential to proliferate and destroy body tissues. While it is not uncommon to observe changes in psychological states among patients with cancer, the pandemic situation has been reported to have an impact more severely. Objectives This study attempts to understand the psychological problems of cancer patients, and the process of coping adopted by reproductive cancer patients during the period of the pandemic. Materials and Methods This study uses a correlation research design and the tools used for assessment were the four-dimensional symptom questionnaire and Brief COPE inventory. Through nonrandom sampling, a sample of 120 cancer patients diagnosed with reproductive cancer, both male and female from the regional cancer center and private cancer hospitals in Hyderabad, was recruited for the pandemic period from May 2020 to September 2021. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression statistical analysis methods were implemented. Results Significant negative correlation was observed between psychological states and coping. Using multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that distress and depression predict problem-solving coping, distress and anxiety predict emotion-solving coping, and distress predicts adaptive coping. Conclusion This study examines the psychological factors and coping methods in adapting to the dual challenges of illness and potential risk of infection transmission, and emphasizes designing an effective intervention. During the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis, the lack of support through psychological counseling to address their coping mechanisms to face the challenges is also glaring.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47213090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madhavan Sasidharan Satish, E. Vidhubala, S. Veeraiah, S. Vijay, A. Krishnamurthy, G. Selvaluxmy
Abstract Introduction In head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, fatigue is present throughout the course of treatment and during follow-up. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a significant treatment-related side effect experienced by oral cancer patients during and after treatment. CRF, when coupled with other side effects of oral cavity cancer, patients who undergo definitive treatment have some of the most dramatic acute side effects, and reduced overall quality of life (QoL). Although there are upcoming intervention strategies to manage CRF, the effect of exercise intervention is explored in this study. The rationale for considering exercise to manage CRF is that it may alleviate the combined effect of toxic treatment and decreased levels of activity during the treatment that reduces the capacity for physical performance. Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of exercise intervention on CRF, and its influence on functional capacity and QoL among patients with oral cavity cancer during and after their primary cancer treatment. Materials and Methods Oral cavity cancer patients ( n = 223), planned for only chemoradiotherapy with curative intent were screened for CRF. Based on the inclusion criteria, 69 patients were grouped randomly into experimental ( n = 35) and control ( n = 34) groups. Patients in the experimental group were provided structured exercise intervention, while the control group was offered standard and routine care. Structured exercise in this present study comprised moderate-intensity walking and resistance exercises using TheraBand every day for three to five times a week. CRF was assessed using symbolic assessment of fatigue extent and the functional capacity was assessed by 6-minute walk test (6MWT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ), and hand dynamometer. QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer-QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the Head and Neck Cancer module (HN35), while distress was assessed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Distress Thermometer. Randomized patients were assessed at four points. Result The size effects in fatigue extent ( η p 2 = 0.40) and fatigue impact ( η p 2 = 0.41) were found to be moderate, and a positive correlation between 6MWT, fatigue extent, and fatigue impact was observed. Conclusion This study suggests that exercise intervention has a significant positive impact on CRF, most aspects of QoL, and the functional capacity of the patients.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Structured Exercise Intervention in Cancer-Related Fatigue among Oral Cavity Cancer Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Madhavan Sasidharan Satish, E. Vidhubala, S. Veeraiah, S. Vijay, A. Krishnamurthy, G. Selvaluxmy","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction In head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, fatigue is present throughout the course of treatment and during follow-up. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a significant treatment-related side effect experienced by oral cancer patients during and after treatment. CRF, when coupled with other side effects of oral cavity cancer, patients who undergo definitive treatment have some of the most dramatic acute side effects, and reduced overall quality of life (QoL). Although there are upcoming intervention strategies to manage CRF, the effect of exercise intervention is explored in this study. The rationale for considering exercise to manage CRF is that it may alleviate the combined effect of toxic treatment and decreased levels of activity during the treatment that reduces the capacity for physical performance. Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of exercise intervention on CRF, and its influence on functional capacity and QoL among patients with oral cavity cancer during and after their primary cancer treatment. Materials and Methods Oral cavity cancer patients ( n = 223), planned for only chemoradiotherapy with curative intent were screened for CRF. Based on the inclusion criteria, 69 patients were grouped randomly into experimental ( n = 35) and control ( n = 34) groups. Patients in the experimental group were provided structured exercise intervention, while the control group was offered standard and routine care. Structured exercise in this present study comprised moderate-intensity walking and resistance exercises using TheraBand every day for three to five times a week. CRF was assessed using symbolic assessment of fatigue extent and the functional capacity was assessed by 6-minute walk test (6MWT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ), and hand dynamometer. QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer-QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the Head and Neck Cancer module (HN35), while distress was assessed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Distress Thermometer. Randomized patients were assessed at four points. Result The size effects in fatigue extent ( η p 2 = 0.40) and fatigue impact ( η p 2 = 0.41) were found to be moderate, and a positive correlation between 6MWT, fatigue extent, and fatigue impact was observed. Conclusion This study suggests that exercise intervention has a significant positive impact on CRF, most aspects of QoL, and the functional capacity of the patients.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44527470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Chaturvedi, A. Mahajan, S. Sen, S. Swamy, Diva S. Shah, Nivedita Chakrabarty
Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Imaging studies are central to the initial staging and follow-up management of cancers. In the past, oncologists have largely relied on anatomical imaging for staging, restaging, and therapy monitoring. The introduction of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and its availability has transformed the practice of cancer imaging. PET-CT is an imaging technique that provides complementary information to imaging by CT or magnetic resonance imaging alone as it incorporates functional imaging to the anatomic information. It actually embeds tumor biology on the anatomical image. There are significant contributions of the CT component in adding value to the strength of PET-CT. PET-CT is useful for initial staging of cancers. It is particularly useful in detection of distant metastases, in assessing response to therapy and in detection of recurrence. Its utility in restaging and follow-up of cancers is now well established. Its role varies across different primary cancer sites. To cover the role of PET-CT in all cancer types is neither the intention nor feasible in a single article. In this article, an attempt will be made to highlight the generic concepts of PET-CT imaging and its role in primary staging and post-therapy follow-up across some common malignancies. Its pitfalls and limitations will also be discussed.
{"title":"Imaging Recommendations for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Oncology","authors":"A. Chaturvedi, A. Mahajan, S. Sen, S. Swamy, Diva S. Shah, Nivedita Chakrabarty","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1760308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760308","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Imaging studies are central to the initial staging and follow-up management of cancers. In the past, oncologists have largely relied on anatomical imaging for staging, restaging, and therapy monitoring. The introduction of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and its availability has transformed the practice of cancer imaging. PET-CT is an imaging technique that provides complementary information to imaging by CT or magnetic resonance imaging alone as it incorporates functional imaging to the anatomic information. It actually embeds tumor biology on the anatomical image. There are significant contributions of the CT component in adding value to the strength of PET-CT. PET-CT is useful for initial staging of cancers. It is particularly useful in detection of distant metastases, in assessing response to therapy and in detection of recurrence. Its utility in restaging and follow-up of cancers is now well established. Its role varies across different primary cancer sites. To cover the role of PET-CT in all cancer types is neither the intention nor feasible in a single article. In this article, an attempt will be made to highlight the generic concepts of PET-CT imaging and its role in primary staging and post-therapy follow-up across some common malignancies. Its pitfalls and limitations will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":"308 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43344476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmine Singh, S. Randev, C. Azad, Harkirat Kaur, V. Guglani
Abstract Opsoclonus is defined as hyperkinetic, omnidirectional, spontaneous, and involuntary chaotic eye movements. Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome is addressed by many names including “dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome,” “Kinsbourne syndrome,” and “infantile polymyoclonia.” The early accounts of the clinical syndrome date back to 1962 when Marcel Kinsbourne described six cases of this phenotype. However, it was not until 1968 the association with occult neuroblastoma was first reported. We report the video of a 1-year-old boy who presented with this syndrome for a duration of 3 months. He was diagnosed to have an abdominal neuroblastoma and was treated with resection of the tumor and administration of intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone. He showed complete resolution of symptoms. The syndrome is difficult to recognize and might be confused with seizures, tremors, or chorea; hence, it is important that residents learnt to recognize this syndrome and look for an underlying tumor actively.
{"title":"The “Blast” Behind Jerky Eyes","authors":"Jasmine Singh, S. Randev, C. Azad, Harkirat Kaur, V. Guglani","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1761264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761264","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Opsoclonus is defined as hyperkinetic, omnidirectional, spontaneous, and involuntary chaotic eye movements. Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome is addressed by many names including “dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome,” “Kinsbourne syndrome,” and “infantile polymyoclonia.” The early accounts of the clinical syndrome date back to 1962 when Marcel Kinsbourne described six cases of this phenotype. However, it was not until 1968 the association with occult neuroblastoma was first reported. We report the video of a 1-year-old boy who presented with this syndrome for a duration of 3 months. He was diagnosed to have an abdominal neuroblastoma and was treated with resection of the tumor and administration of intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone. He showed complete resolution of symptoms. The syndrome is difficult to recognize and might be confused with seizures, tremors, or chorea; hence, it is important that residents learnt to recognize this syndrome and look for an underlying tumor actively.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":"353 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mir, S. Parveen, I. Ahmad, S. Naveed, S. N. Ahmad, M. Hussain, N. Dar
Abstract Introduction The incidence, prevalence, as well as survival of cancer patients, is increasing day by day due to the use of screening and improved diagnostic modalities. Simultaneously, the development of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) in cancer survivors is not uncommon in recent years, because of an improved understanding of biology and effective management of cancer in the form of local (i.e., surgery/radiotherapy) and systemic (chemotherapy/targeted therapy) treatment, leading to improved survival and subsequent development of more malignancies. The study was conducted to describe the clinicopathological profile of patients diagnosed with MPMs. Objective To study the clinicopathological profile of MPMs and to look for treatment patterns of these patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective hospital-based observational study. Medical records of 73 patients with MPMs, who were registered in the department of medical and surgical oncology between January 2016 and December 2018, were enrolled in the study. The statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows from IBM Corp. Categorical data were expressed in the form of frequencies and percentages. Results Out of the total 73 patients, 2 patients were diagnosed to have triple malignancies and were excluded from the study for discussion purposes. Among 71 patients with double malignancies, 19 patients had synchronous and 52 had metachronous malignancies with synchronous to metachronous ratio of 1:2.73. The study included 39 men and 32 women with a male to female ratio of 1.21:1. Gastrointestinal system was the most common system involved in first primary as well as in second primary malignancy. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma equally were the most common histologies seen in primary, whereas adenocarcinoma was the most common histology seen in second primary malignancy. Conclusions The phenomenon of MPMs is not an uncommon presentation due to longer survival and side effects of treatment (radiotherapy/chemotherapy). It should always be kept in consideration in any cancer survivor during surveillance in order to detect it and treat at the earliest.
由于筛查和诊断方式的改进，癌症患者的发病率、患病率和生存率日益增加。与此同时，近年来，由于对生物学的了解和对癌症的有效管理(局部(即手术/放疗)和全身(化疗/靶向治疗)治疗)的提高，癌症幸存者发生多发性原发恶性肿瘤(MPMs)的情况并不少见，从而提高了生存率，并导致更多恶性肿瘤的后续发展。本研究旨在描述被诊断为MPMs的患者的临床病理特征。目的探讨MPMs的临床病理特点，探讨MPMs的治疗方法。材料和方法这是一项以医院为基础的回顾性观察性研究。该研究纳入了2016年1月至2018年12月期间在内科和外科肿瘤科登记的73名mpm患者的医疗记录。统计分析采用IBM公司的IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows进行，分类数据以频率和百分比的形式表示。结果在73例患者中，2例患者被诊断为三重恶性肿瘤，并被排除在研究之外以供讨论。71例双恶性肿瘤中，同期恶性肿瘤19例，异时恶性肿瘤52例，同期与异时恶性肿瘤的比值为1:2.73。该研究包括39名男性和32名女性，男女比例为1.21:1。胃肠道系统是原发和继发恶性肿瘤中最常见的系统。鳞状细胞癌和腺癌同样是原发肿瘤中最常见的组织学，而腺癌是第二原发肿瘤中最常见的组织学。结论MPMs因其较长的生存期和治疗(放疗/化疗)的副作用而并非罕见。在监测期间，任何癌症幸存者都应该考虑到这一点，以便尽早发现和治疗。
{"title":"Multiple Primary Malignancies: A Clinicopathological Profile of Patients at a Tertiary Center of North India—A Retrospective Hospital-Based Observational Study","authors":"A. Mir, S. Parveen, I. Ahmad, S. Naveed, S. N. Ahmad, M. Hussain, N. Dar","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The incidence, prevalence, as well as survival of cancer patients, is increasing day by day due to the use of screening and improved diagnostic modalities. Simultaneously, the development of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) in cancer survivors is not uncommon in recent years, because of an improved understanding of biology and effective management of cancer in the form of local (i.e., surgery/radiotherapy) and systemic (chemotherapy/targeted therapy) treatment, leading to improved survival and subsequent development of more malignancies. The study was conducted to describe the clinicopathological profile of patients diagnosed with MPMs. Objective To study the clinicopathological profile of MPMs and to look for treatment patterns of these patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective hospital-based observational study. Medical records of 73 patients with MPMs, who were registered in the department of medical and surgical oncology between January 2016 and December 2018, were enrolled in the study. The statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows from IBM Corp. Categorical data were expressed in the form of frequencies and percentages. Results Out of the total 73 patients, 2 patients were diagnosed to have triple malignancies and were excluded from the study for discussion purposes. Among 71 patients with double malignancies, 19 patients had synchronous and 52 had metachronous malignancies with synchronous to metachronous ratio of 1:2.73. The study included 39 men and 32 women with a male to female ratio of 1.21:1. Gastrointestinal system was the most common system involved in first primary as well as in second primary malignancy. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma equally were the most common histologies seen in primary, whereas adenocarcinoma was the most common histology seen in second primary malignancy. Conclusions The phenomenon of MPMs is not an uncommon presentation due to longer survival and side effects of treatment (radiotherapy/chemotherapy). It should always be kept in consideration in any cancer survivor during surveillance in order to detect it and treat at the earliest.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46161738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. S. Roy, R. Jain, A. Bhatia, Nabhajit Mallik, Narender Kumar
Abstract Common pediatric malignancies often surprise clinicians with unusual presentations. In this narrative, we report two patients with common childhood cancer having unique neuroophthalmic characteristics. In the first case, we have a child with a common childhood solid tumor presenting with blindness without proptosis, while the second case is of a child with a common hematological malignancy presenting with unilateral proptosis without visual impairment. The report highlights that common childhood cancers may present with neuroophthalmic symptoms on rare occasions, creating a diagnostic conundrum.
{"title":"Protean Neuroophthalmic Presentations of Common Childhood Malignancies—A Report of Two Cases","authors":"P. S. Roy, R. Jain, A. Bhatia, Nabhajit Mallik, Narender Kumar","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1761610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761610","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Common pediatric malignancies often surprise clinicians with unusual presentations. In this narrative, we report two patients with common childhood cancer having unique neuroophthalmic characteristics. In the first case, we have a child with a common childhood solid tumor presenting with blindness without proptosis, while the second case is of a child with a common hematological malignancy presenting with unilateral proptosis without visual impairment. The report highlights that common childhood cancers may present with neuroophthalmic symptoms on rare occasions, creating a diagnostic conundrum.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":"360 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49037501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Uppaluri, Himavanth Reddy Kambalachenu, H. J. Challa, Saadvik Raghuram Y., Devender Kumar Sharma, Ramya Gadicherla, Srinivas Ketavath, Kalyani Palasamudram, S. K.
Abstract Gliomas are the most commonly seen cancers of the central nervous system with a variable genetic predisposition. Here, we report a homozygous missense variant in the KDR gene in a patient with recurrent glioma. The 35-year-old male patient was diagnosed with stage IV glioma with a recurrence after 10 years from a low-grade stage two glioma. The patient underwent a repeat right craniotomy and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Biopsy of the lesion showed areas of necrosis with microvascular proliferation and multinucleated tumor cells. An in-depth analysis of NGS data comprising a multigene panel of 351 genes (Agilent Cancer Core Panel) found a homozygous missense variant in exon 25 of the KDR gene that resulted in a substitution of an amino acid glutamine for arginine at codon 1118. The KDR gene or VEGF2 receptor is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase of the VEGF gene involved in angiogenesis. We hypothesize that the variation in the KDR gene may have a role in the patient's transition from grade II to grade IV glioma. While the clinical relevance of this mutation is not clear, screening mutations in the protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase domain of the KDR will provide critical insights into the development and progression of glioma in the pediatric and adult populations.
{"title":"Case Report of a Glioma Patient with Homozygous Missense Amino Acid Substitution in KDR Gene","authors":"K. Uppaluri, Himavanth Reddy Kambalachenu, H. J. Challa, Saadvik Raghuram Y., Devender Kumar Sharma, Ramya Gadicherla, Srinivas Ketavath, Kalyani Palasamudram, S. K.","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762919","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gliomas are the most commonly seen cancers of the central nervous system with a variable genetic predisposition. Here, we report a homozygous missense variant in the KDR gene in a patient with recurrent glioma. The 35-year-old male patient was diagnosed with stage IV glioma with a recurrence after 10 years from a low-grade stage two glioma. The patient underwent a repeat right craniotomy and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Biopsy of the lesion showed areas of necrosis with microvascular proliferation and multinucleated tumor cells. An in-depth analysis of NGS data comprising a multigene panel of 351 genes (Agilent Cancer Core Panel) found a homozygous missense variant in exon 25 of the KDR gene that resulted in a substitution of an amino acid glutamine for arginine at codon 1118. The KDR gene or VEGF2 receptor is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase of the VEGF gene involved in angiogenesis. We hypothesize that the variation in the KDR gene may have a role in the patient's transition from grade II to grade IV glioma. While the clinical relevance of this mutation is not clear, screening mutations in the protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase domain of the KDR will provide critical insights into the development and progression of glioma in the pediatric and adult populations.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":"356 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49410651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In vivo molecular imaging is having a great potential that will have an impact on the medicine by detecting diseases in early stages like screening, identifying extent of disease, selecting disease- and patient-specific therapeutic treatment which will be the hallmark of the personalized medicine, for directed targeted therapy, and also for measuring molecular-specific effects of treatment. Currently, most commonly used molecular modalities are positron emission tomography- or single-photon emission computed tomography-based techniques.
{"title":"Imaging Recommendations for Molecular Imaging","authors":"Sikandar Shaikh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1761166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In vivo molecular imaging is having a great potential that will have an impact on the medicine by detecting diseases in early stages like screening, identifying extent of disease, selecting disease- and patient-specific therapeutic treatment which will be the hallmark of the personalized medicine, for directed targeted therapy, and also for measuring molecular-specific effects of treatment. Currently, most commonly used molecular modalities are positron emission tomography- or single-photon emission computed tomography-based techniques.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":"343 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47230669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Mucocutaneous adverse events are experienced by 70 to 90% of the patients receiving sorafenib, underscoring the importance of awareness among oncologists and dermatologists. Spiny follicular hyperkeratosis (SFH) is a benign and rarely reported skin reaction linked to sorafenib. It is characterized by flesh-colored or white, follicular hyperkeratotic spicules, preferentially involving the face, scalp, upper trunk, and upper arms. Besides being acknowledged as a paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestation of multiple myeloma, SFH has also been linked to a few diseases and drugs, other than sorafenib. However, the precise etiopathogenesis remains to be elucidated. We report an interesting case of SFH in a 14-year-old child, 1 week following the initiation of sorafenib. Trichodysplasia spinulosa, multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis, keratosis pilaris, filiform warts, and pityriasis rubra pilaris are morphologically similar conditions that were excluded by clinicopathological correlation. A complete resolution of skin rash following sorafenib dose reduction further reinforced our diagnosis. Our patient also developed hand-foot skin reaction, facial erythema, and eruptive nevi during treatment. The regrowth of curly hair following chemotherapy-induced anagen effluvium was an interesting development in our case. We report this case to familiarize clinicians with this rare entity.
{"title":"Sorafenib-Induced Spiny Follicular Hyperkeratosis: A Case Report with Review of Literature","authors":"C. Shajil, D. Sathishkumar, D. Boddu, R. Telugu","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766136","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Mucocutaneous adverse events are experienced by 70 to 90% of the patients receiving sorafenib, underscoring the importance of awareness among oncologists and dermatologists. Spiny follicular hyperkeratosis (SFH) is a benign and rarely reported skin reaction linked to sorafenib. It is characterized by flesh-colored or white, follicular hyperkeratotic spicules, preferentially involving the face, scalp, upper trunk, and upper arms. Besides being acknowledged as a paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestation of multiple myeloma, SFH has also been linked to a few diseases and drugs, other than sorafenib. However, the precise etiopathogenesis remains to be elucidated. We report an interesting case of SFH in a 14-year-old child, 1 week following the initiation of sorafenib. Trichodysplasia spinulosa, multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis, keratosis pilaris, filiform warts, and pityriasis rubra pilaris are morphologically similar conditions that were excluded by clinicopathological correlation. A complete resolution of skin rash following sorafenib dose reduction further reinforced our diagnosis. Our patient also developed hand-foot skin reaction, facial erythema, and eruptive nevi during treatment. The regrowth of curly hair following chemotherapy-induced anagen effluvium was an interesting development in our case. We report this case to familiarize clinicians with this rare entity.","PeriodicalId":13513,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46200768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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