International investment arbitration has become a contentiously discussed issue in Europe. Opposing voices, however, too often disregard the merits of this method of dispute settlement. This often leads to categorical opposition within the public rather than concrete proposals. This paper aims at formulating a constructive critique, viewing the controversy as a conflict between pragmatism and justice. Drawing on Jurgen Habermas and Rainer Forst, it is argued that the system lacks legitimacy because it is not sufficiently subordinated to common societal norms. To gain control over the international investment arbitration system and with it basic legitimacy, the paper builds up to suggest an international investment appeals facility.
{"title":"The Pragmatism and Justice of International Investment Arbitration","authors":"Andreas Eibelshäuser","doi":"10.35998/fw-2016-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2016-0004","url":null,"abstract":"International investment arbitration has become a contentiously discussed issue in Europe. Opposing voices, however, too often disregard the merits of this method of dispute settlement. This often leads to categorical opposition within the public rather than concrete proposals. This paper aims at formulating a constructive critique, viewing the controversy as a conflict between pragmatism and justice. Drawing on Jurgen Habermas and Rainer Forst, it is argued that the system lacks legitimacy because it is not sufficiently subordinated to common societal norms. To gain control over the international investment arbitration system and with it basic legitimacy, the paper builds up to suggest an international investment appeals facility.","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117347635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lothar Brock, A. Geis, Sabine Jaberg, H. Birckenbach, H. Ehrhart, D. Krause, M. Brzoska, H. Wulf, M. Staack, G. Neuneck, Alexander Graef, J. Scheffran, T. Ide
Since 2017, the Study Group “European Security and Peace” of the Federation of German Scientists (VDW) has been working on the central interrelationships and challenges of European and global security. In doing so, it continues the VDW‘s tradition in the field of cooperative security and peace policy, in which science played a particular role. At the beginning of the VDW‘s foundation, questions of nuclear disarmament and arms control were at the forefront, which is reflected in particular in the “Gottingen Declaration of 1957 on Nuclear Armament” as well as in its participation in the international Pugwash movement. In the meantime, new security risks, complex conflict dynamics and crisis constellations have emerged alongside nuclear armament, from digitalisation to climate change. This development is accelerated by technical-scientific progress and its ambivalence as well as by economic and social processes of globalization. Under the changing conditions of the 21st century, the (apparent) stability of the previous world order is dissolving; the challenges for peace and security in and around Europe are increasing. The opportunities for a cooperative world order are dwindling. Nationalist power politics is fuelling a chaotic dynamic that increases the danger of a new uncontrollable arms race, weakens established forms and institutions for dealing with conflicts and clouds the prospect of a sustainable European peace order. Following in the tradition of the VDW, the study group aims at contributing to a better understanding of the complex conflict dynamics through analyses, statements and events and to draw constructive conclusions for an appropriate peace policy. As its first project, the study group has analytically examined some “myths of established security policy”. Here, the ambiguous term “myth” refers to beliefs that have solidified into dogmas. They promote political decisions that are based on premises that need to be problematized. It is the task of science to critically question, interpret and examine the plausibility of assumptions underlying political decisions. It is evident that even highly problematic decisions can result from faulty assumptions. Widespread myths can block the path to appropriate social discourse and good politics. The goal the study group has set itself is to address some of these certainties as myths and to deconstruct them in order to break them up and thus correct them. Specific recommendations for action, however, take second place. The draft papers were discussed extensively and in part controversially in the study group. However, the responsibility for the deliberately pointed texts lies solely with the authors. The first delivery contains individual papers on the following topics: the cooperative world order (Lothar Brock), Russia and the European peace order (Sabine Jaberg), the effectiveness of robust military interventions in the Global South (Hans-Georg Ehrhart), the inadequate equipment of the German
{"title":"Mythen der etablierten Sicherheitspolitik","authors":"Lothar Brock, A. Geis, Sabine Jaberg, H. Birckenbach, H. Ehrhart, D. Krause, M. Brzoska, H. Wulf, M. Staack, G. Neuneck, Alexander Graef, J. Scheffran, T. Ide","doi":"10.35998/fw-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2017, the Study Group “European Security and Peace” of the Federation of German Scientists (VDW) has been working on the central interrelationships and challenges of European and global security. In doing so, it continues the VDW‘s tradition in the field of cooperative security and peace policy, in which science played a particular role. At the beginning of the VDW‘s foundation, questions of nuclear disarmament and arms control were at the forefront, which is reflected in particular in the “Gottingen Declaration of 1957 on Nuclear Armament” as well as in its participation in the international Pugwash movement. In the meantime, new security risks, complex conflict dynamics and crisis constellations have emerged alongside nuclear armament, from digitalisation to climate change. This development is accelerated by technical-scientific progress and its ambivalence as well as by economic and social processes of globalization. Under the changing conditions of the 21st century, the (apparent) stability of the previous world order is dissolving; the challenges for peace and security in and around Europe are increasing. The opportunities for a cooperative world order are dwindling. Nationalist power politics is fuelling a chaotic dynamic that increases the danger of a new uncontrollable arms race, weakens established forms and institutions for dealing with conflicts and clouds the prospect of a sustainable European peace order. Following in the tradition of the VDW, the study group aims at contributing to a better understanding of the complex conflict dynamics through analyses, statements and events and to draw constructive conclusions for an appropriate peace policy. As its first project, the study group has analytically examined some “myths of established security policy”. Here, the ambiguous term “myth” refers to beliefs that have solidified into dogmas. They promote political decisions that are based on premises that need to be problematized. It is the task of science to critically question, interpret and examine the plausibility of assumptions underlying political decisions. It is evident that even highly problematic decisions can result from faulty assumptions. Widespread myths can block the path to appropriate social discourse and good politics. The goal the study group has set itself is to address some of these certainties as myths and to deconstruct them in order to break them up and thus correct them. Specific recommendations for action, however, take second place. The draft papers were discussed extensively and in part controversially in the study group. However, the responsibility for the deliberately pointed texts lies solely with the authors. The first delivery contains individual papers on the following topics: the cooperative world order (Lothar Brock), Russia and the European peace order (Sabine Jaberg), the effectiveness of robust military interventions in the Global South (Hans-Georg Ehrhart), the inadequate equipment of the German","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126716609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ekkehart Krippendorff was the central representative of the political-economic approach in critical peace research until the 1980s. His central thesis is that states in the form of their governments pursue objective interests in their (foreign) policy, the content of which must be worked out by analyzing the economic conditions of reproduction of the state-based society. Only by knowing these interests one can understand why states also rely on violence if necessary. At the same time, Krippendorff also points out that the abolition of violent politics can only succeed if the objective interests and thus the conditions of reproduction are changed. Many left-wing analyses of violent foreign policy much too often focus on one single interest (e. g. “No blood for oil”). This simplification not only does not meet the approach, but also obstructs the way in complex conflicts to recognize one’s own way of life as a problem.
{"title":"Der polit-ökonomische Ansatz der Kritischen Friedensforschung von Ekkehart Krippendorff","authors":"M. Berndt","doi":"10.35998/fw-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Ekkehart Krippendorff was the central representative of the political-economic approach in critical peace research until the 1980s. His central thesis is that states in the form of their governments pursue objective interests in their (foreign) policy, the content of which must be worked out by analyzing the economic conditions of reproduction of the state-based society. Only by knowing these interests one can understand why states also rely on violence if necessary. At the same time, Krippendorff also points out that the abolition of violent politics can only succeed if the objective interests and thus the conditions of reproduction are changed. Many left-wing analyses of violent foreign policy much too often focus on one single interest (e. g. “No blood for oil”). This simplification not only does not meet the approach, but also obstructs the way in complex conflicts to recognize one’s own way of life as a problem.","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129932917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Die Nicht-Teilhabe von Geflüchteten als strukturelle und kulturelle Gewalt","authors":"Norbert Frieters-Reermann","doi":"10.35998/fw-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134454588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deutschland, die nukleare Abrüstung und der Atomwaffenverbotsvertrag","authors":"O. Meier, Maren Vieluf","doi":"10.35998/fw-2021-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2021-0018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117157612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modern Challenges in International Humanitarian Law","authors":"Dimitrios Parashu","doi":"10.35998/fw-2022-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2022-0018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122975947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calls for a greater inclusion of local actors into humanitarian action are far from new, but have gained momentum in the wake of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016. However, the inclusion of local actors raises a range of questions, both conceptually and regarding its implementation. This is particularly the case in the interplay of humanitarian action and peacebuilding. This paper seeks to contribute to the debate on the humanitarian system’s localisation agenda within the context of the humanitarian-peacebuilding nexus. It argues that further research should be guided by a critical localism (Mac Ginty 2015) that overcomes a simple binary opposition of the local and the international and looks at power asymmetries in the humanitarian system.
{"title":"Chance für den Frieden? Die Lokalisierungsagenda im Humanitären System im Nexus von Humanitärer Hilfe und Friedensförderung","authors":"Kristina Roepstorff","doi":"10.35998/fw-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35998/fw-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Calls for a greater inclusion of local actors into humanitarian action are far from new, but have gained momentum in the wake of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016. However, the inclusion of local actors raises a range of questions, both conceptually and regarding its implementation. This is particularly the case in the interplay of humanitarian action and peacebuilding. This paper seeks to contribute to the debate on the humanitarian system’s localisation agenda within the context of the humanitarian-peacebuilding nexus. It argues that further research should be guided by a critical localism (Mac Ginty 2015) that overcomes a simple binary opposition of the local and the international and looks at power asymmetries in the humanitarian system.","PeriodicalId":135312,"journal":{"name":"Die Friedens-Warte","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128881577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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