The hydrogenolysis of thiophene on a commercial hydrodesulfurization CoMo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ catalyst was studied in a bench-scale tubular reactor. The experimental conditions were varied over the following range: total pressure, 2-30 bar; temperature, 533-623 K; molar hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratios, 4-9. The experimental rate data were described by a set of Hougen-Watson rate equations for both the hydrogenolysis of thiophene into butene and the hydrogenation of butene into butane. The surface reactions between thiophene or butene and competitively adsorbed hydrogen were found to be the rate-determining step. Models with active site concentrations determined by the gas-phase conditions were also derived and comparisons were made with the data.
{"title":"Kinetics of hydrodesulfurization on a cobalt-molybdenum/.gamma.-alumina catalyst. 1. Kinetics of the hydrogenolysis of thiophene","authors":"I. Parijs, G. Froment","doi":"10.1021/I300023A011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A011","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrogenolysis of thiophene on a commercial hydrodesulfurization CoMo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ catalyst was studied in a bench-scale tubular reactor. The experimental conditions were varied over the following range: total pressure, 2-30 bar; temperature, 533-623 K; molar hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratios, 4-9. The experimental rate data were described by a set of Hougen-Watson rate equations for both the hydrogenolysis of thiophene into butene and the hydrogenation of butene into butane. The surface reactions between thiophene or butene and competitively adsorbed hydrogen were found to be the rate-determining step. Models with active site concentrations determined by the gas-phase conditions were also derived and comparisons were made with the data.","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81910489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flash pulse method for the determination of thermal conductivities of ceramic abrasives","authors":"Laura L. Smith, J. W. Walkinshaw","doi":"10.1021/I300023A020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84456654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model for the thixotropic behavior of cement pastes","authors":"C. Atzeni, L. Massidda, U. Sanna","doi":"10.1021/I300023A024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74202098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formaldehyde release from acrylic/melamine coatings during photolysis and the mechanism of photoenhanced cross-link hydrolysis","authors":"J. L. Gerlock, M. Dean, T. Korniski, D. R. Bauer","doi":"10.1021/I300023A014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83561931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Satterfield, R. Hanlon, S. Tung, Z. M. Zou, G. Papaefthymiou
In studies at 232 and 248/sup 0/C and 0.92 MPa, during the first 20 h on stream, both Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and CO consumption increased to quasi-steady-state values. The bulk catalyst, initially ..cap alpha..-Fe, was converted to a mixture of ..cap alpha..-Fe and iron carbides, as determined by Mossbauer spectroscopy. During the first few hours, methane selectivity decreased markedly while the olefin/paraffin ratio increased. No change was observed in the C/sub 2/-C/sub 8/ product distribution with time on stream.
{"title":"Initial behavior of a reduced fused-magnetite catalyst in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis","authors":"C. Satterfield, R. Hanlon, S. Tung, Z. M. Zou, G. Papaefthymiou","doi":"10.1021/I300023A006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A006","url":null,"abstract":"In studies at 232 and 248/sup 0/C and 0.92 MPa, during the first 20 h on stream, both Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and CO consumption increased to quasi-steady-state values. The bulk catalyst, initially ..cap alpha..-Fe, was converted to a mixture of ..cap alpha..-Fe and iron carbides, as determined by Mossbauer spectroscopy. During the first few hours, methane selectivity decreased markedly while the olefin/paraffin ratio increased. No change was observed in the C/sub 2/-C/sub 8/ product distribution with time on stream.","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90978074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The reduction of NO with CO was studied over ..cap alpha..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-supported Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Ir catalysts. The activities were measured by using cycled feeds and steady noncycled feed. The activity sequence of the catalysts tested was Rh > Ru > Ir > Pd > Pt. The activities of Pt and Pd catalysts were increased under the cycled feed. The periodic operation effect on the Pt catalyst was more predominant than that on the Pd catalyst. The order of periodic operation effect corresponded to the order of their susceptibility to CO self-poisoning.
{"title":"NO reduction by CO over noble-metal catalysts under cycled feedstreams","authors":"H. Muraki, Y. Fujitani","doi":"10.1021/I300023A008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A008","url":null,"abstract":"The reduction of NO with CO was studied over ..cap alpha..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-supported Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, and Ir catalysts. The activities were measured by using cycled feeds and steady noncycled feed. The activity sequence of the catalysts tested was Rh > Ru > Ir > Pd > Pt. The activities of Pt and Pd catalysts were increased under the cycled feed. The periodic operation effect on the Pt catalyst was more predominant than that on the Pd catalyst. The order of periodic operation effect corresponded to the order of their susceptibility to CO self-poisoning.","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91246915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synthese de polyimide modifie par un siloxane soluble ou la structure moleculaire peut etre controlee
可溶性硅氧烷修饰聚酰亚胺的合成或分子结构可以控制
{"title":"Synthesis of siloxane-containing bis(furans) and polymerization with bis(maleimides)","authors":"G. Tesoro, V. R. Sastri","doi":"10.1021/I300023A013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A013","url":null,"abstract":"Synthese de polyimide modifie par un siloxane soluble ou la structure moleculaire peut etre controlee","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80147904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preparation de ces adducts de Michael. Influence de la structure sur les proprietes thermiques et physiques
准备这些迈克尔内收物。结构对热性能和物理性能的影响
{"title":"Synthesis and properties of high-molecular-weight step-growth polymers from bismaleimides","authors":"J. White","doi":"10.1021/I300023A005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A005","url":null,"abstract":"Preparation de ces adducts de Michael. Influence de la structure sur les proprietes thermiques et physiques","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81619336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coal tar is a ready source of asphaltenes needed in asphalt production. Coal tar pitch itself, however, is unsuitable for making road-paving asphalt, since the resulting material has low ductility, high temperature sensitivity, and low resistance to wear. For this reason, in England, where replacing imported petroleum with local products was important 10 to 20 years ago, it was required that no more than 10 to 20 percent coal tar pitch be incorporated in road pavement. At higher concentrations, the pitch separates from the petroleum-derived asphalt, causing brittleness and cracking. To make a good asphalt from coal tar pitch, chemical modification or blending with additives appears necessary. In this study, the potentials are for producing road-paving asphalt from coal tar and available inexpensive petroleum fractions are explored. The objective of the study is to develop new uses of coal tar for asphalt production and to free the petroleum residue for upgrading to gasoline and diesel fuels.
{"title":"Manufacture of Road-Paving Asphalt Using Coal Tar","authors":"T. Yan","doi":"10.1021/I300024A608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300024A608","url":null,"abstract":"Coal tar is a ready source of asphaltenes needed in asphalt production. Coal tar pitch itself, however, is unsuitable for making road-paving asphalt, since the resulting material has low ductility, high temperature sensitivity, and low resistance to wear. For this reason, in England, where replacing imported petroleum with local products was important 10 to 20 years ago, it was required that no more than 10 to 20 percent coal tar pitch be incorporated in road pavement. At higher concentrations, the pitch separates from the petroleum-derived asphalt, causing brittleness and cracking. To make a good asphalt from coal tar pitch, chemical modification or blending with additives appears necessary. In this study, the potentials are for producing road-paving asphalt from coal tar and available inexpensive petroleum fractions are explored. The objective of the study is to develop new uses of coal tar for asphalt production and to free the petroleum residue for upgrading to gasoline and diesel fuels.","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80154518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afin de definir les caracteristiques ideales du catalyseur d'hydroisomerisation des n-alcanes, l'auteur etudie l'influence de la teneur en platine, du rapport Si/Al, du nombre de sites acide et de site d'hydrogenation sur l'activite, la selectivite et la stabilite de catalyseurs du type PtHY. L'etude experimentale est realisee a 250°C, avec une pression de une atmosphere et un rapport des pressions d'hydrogene au n-heptane de neuf
{"title":"Hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of n-alkanes. 1. Ideal hydroisomerization PtHY catalysts","authors":"G. Giannetto, G. Pérot, M. Guisnet","doi":"10.1021/I300023A021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/I300023A021","url":null,"abstract":"Afin de definir les caracteristiques ideales du catalyseur d'hydroisomerisation des n-alcanes, l'auteur etudie l'influence de la teneur en platine, du rapport Si/Al, du nombre de sites acide et de site d'hydrogenation sur l'activite, la selectivite et la stabilite de catalyseurs du type PtHY. L'etude experimentale est realisee a 250°C, avec une pression de une atmosphere et un rapport des pressions d'hydrogene au n-heptane de neuf","PeriodicalId":13540,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86556530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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