Purpose: To analyze the factors affecting patients’ prognoses based on the community acquired-bloodstream infection patient data from 2017 to 2021. Patients and Methods: The data of 940 patients were retrieved, having at least one positive bilateral blood culture within 48 hours of hospitalization, and grouped into survivor and non-survivor groups. The clinical characteristics, laboratory results, causative pathogen and other indicators were collected and compared, and risk factors were identified by applying Cox proportional hazard regression model to the data. Results: Community acquired-bloodstream infection is most commonly caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species and Staphylococcus hominis. Among the total of 940 selected patients, 52 (5.5%) died during hospitalization. The demographic parameters like age and gender, clinical protocols like maintenance hemodialysis, glucocorticoid use during hospitalization, catheter placement, procaicitonin, total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid contents and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly different between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The survival analysis results revealed that age (HR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00– 1.05, P=0.002), glucocorticoid use during hospitalization (HR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.62– 8.37, P=0.021) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03– 1.18, P=0.004) might be the risk factors affecting 30-day mortality in patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection. Conclusion: The identified risk factors may help guide clinical treatment protocol for patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection, providing more effective treatment strategy selection with improved clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Risk Factors for 30-Day Mortality of Community-Acquired Bloodstream Infection Patients in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China","authors":"Linqi Li, Jing Cao, Jiao Qin, Xiangxiang Chen, Feng Yuan, Ping Deng, Hebin Xie","doi":"10.2147/idr.s471350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s471350","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> To analyze the factors affecting patients’ prognoses based on the community acquired-bloodstream infection patient data from 2017 to 2021.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> The data of 940 patients were retrieved, having at least one positive bilateral blood culture within 48 hours of hospitalization, and grouped into survivor and non-survivor groups. The clinical characteristics, laboratory results, causative pathogen and other indicators were collected and compared, and risk factors were identified by applying Cox proportional hazard regression model to the data.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Community acquired-bloodstream infection is most commonly caused by <em>Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species</em> and <em>Staphylococcus hominis</em>. Among the total of 940 selected patients, 52 (5.5%) died during hospitalization. The demographic parameters like age and gender, clinical protocols like maintenance hemodialysis, glucocorticoid use during hospitalization, catheter placement, procaicitonin, total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid contents and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly different between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The survival analysis results revealed that age (HR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.00– 1.05, <em>P</em>=0.002), glucocorticoid use during hospitalization (HR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.62– 8.37, <em>P</em>=0.021) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03– 1.18, <em>P</em>=0.004) might be the risk factors affecting 30-day mortality in patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The identified risk factors may help guide clinical treatment protocol for patients with community acquired-bloodstream infection, providing more effective treatment strategy selection with improved clinical outcomes.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> prognosis, pathogen, clinical characteristics, treatment<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141771106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Investigate the differences in clinical manifestations, imaging features, and associated inflammatory markers between Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) and Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB), identify potential risk factors for NTM-PD, and establish a logistic regression model to evaluate its diagnostic value. Methods: Baseline data were collected from 145 patients with NTM-PD and 206 patients with PTB. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to achieve a 1:1 match between the two groups, resulting in 103 matched pairs. The differences in comorbidities, imaging features, and inflammatory markers were compared between the two groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent influencing factors, and the diagnostic value of the established model was evaluated. Results: After matching, significant differences were observed between the NTM-PD group and the PTB group in terms of diabetes, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), cystic and columnar changes, lung cavity presentation, and monocyte percentage (MONO%), lymphocyte count (LYMPH&num), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) (P< 0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that diabetes, bronchiectasis, COPD, and lung cavities were risk factors for NTM-PD. The established regression analysis model was analyzed by the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) was obtained as 0.795 (P< 0.001, 95% CI 0.734– 0.857). At a Youden index of 0.505, the sensitivity was 84.5% and the specificity was 66.6%. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to evaluate the model’s calibration, with a chi-square value of 11.023 and P=0.200> 0.05, indicating no significant difference between predicted and observed values. Conclusion: For patients without diabetes but with bronchiectasis, COPD, and imaging characteristics of lung cavities, a high level of vigilance and active differential diagnosis for NTM-PD should be exercised. Given that the clinical manifestations of NTM-PD are similar to those of PTB, a detailed differential diagnosis is necessary during the diagnostic process to avoid misdiagnosis.
{"title":"The Study of Associated Factors for Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease Compared to Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis","authors":"Wei Zhang, Haiqing Liu, Tuantuan Li, Ying Jiang, Xiaoyu Cao, Li Chen, Lili Zhou","doi":"10.2147/idr.s467257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s467257","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Objective:</strong> Investigate the differences in clinical manifestations, imaging features, and associated inflammatory markers between Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) and Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB), identify potential risk factors for NTM-PD, and establish a logistic regression model to evaluate its diagnostic value.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> Baseline data were collected from 145 patients with NTM-PD and 206 patients with PTB. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to achieve a 1:1 match between the two groups, resulting in 103 matched pairs. The differences in comorbidities, imaging features, and inflammatory markers were compared between the two groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent influencing factors, and the diagnostic value of the established model was evaluated.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> After matching, significant differences were observed between the NTM-PD group and the PTB group in terms of diabetes, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), cystic and columnar changes, lung cavity presentation, and monocyte percentage (MONO%), lymphocyte count (LYMPH&num), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) (<em>P<</em> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that diabetes, bronchiectasis, COPD, and lung cavities were risk factors for NTM-PD. The established regression analysis model was analyzed by the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) was obtained as 0.795 (<em>P<</em> 0.001, 95% CI 0.734– 0.857). At a Youden index of 0.505, the sensitivity was 84.5% and the specificity was 66.6%. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to evaluate the model’s calibration, with a chi-square value of 11.023 and <em>P</em>=0.200> 0.05, indicating no significant difference between predicted and observed values.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> For patients without diabetes but with bronchiectasis, COPD, and imaging characteristics of lung cavities, a high level of vigilance and active differential diagnosis for NTM-PD should be exercised. Given that the clinical manifestations of NTM-PD are similar to those of PTB, a detailed differential diagnosis is necessary during the diagnostic process to avoid misdiagnosis.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, propensity score matching<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanjun Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jiaying Zhang, Tianhang Li, Dongmei Shi
Abstract: Onychomycosis in infants is a rare fungal infection. The condition is frequently linked to congenital or secondary immunodeficiency, as well as exposure to contaminated environments. In this report, we present a case of infant onychomycosis, likely infected during birth delivery from the mother with vaginal candidiasis. However, both the infant and the mother recovered spontaneously without any treatment over several months.
{"title":"A Case of Spontaneous Recovery in an Infant with Nail Candidiasis Probably Related to Nail Trauma During Vaginal Delivery","authors":"Yanjun Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jiaying Zhang, Tianhang Li, Dongmei Shi","doi":"10.2147/idr.s470784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s470784","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Onychomycosis in infants is a rare fungal infection. The condition is frequently linked to congenital or secondary immunodeficiency, as well as exposure to contaminated environments. In this report, we present a case of infant onychomycosis, likely infected during birth delivery from the mother with vaginal candidiasis. However, both the infant and the mother recovered spontaneously without any treatment over several months.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Candida albicans</em>, infant, neonatal candidiasis, onychomycosis, self-healing<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunpeng Cui, Qiwei Wang, Chuan Mi, Bing Wang, Yuanxing Pan, Yunfei Lin, Rui He, Liying Sun, Bo Zheng, Xuedong Shi
Background: This retrospective cohort study explores a practical approach to acquiring pathogenic microorganisms in patients with bone and joint infections. Methods: From Aug 2018 to Mar 2022, 68 consecutive patients (87 cultures) with bone and joint infection were recruited in this study. All cultures followed the Peking University First Hospital Procedure of Culturing Pathogenic microorganisms for bone and joint infection. Tissue samples were obtained through fluoroscopy-guided biopsy or open debridement. Tissue samples were divided into manual homogenization (MH), manual mixture (MM), and pathological examination. The baseline, antibiotic exposure, laboratory, surgical, and microbial data were reviewed. Independent sample T-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Chi-square test were used to detect the difference between patients who received different processing measures. Results: The average age was 55.8± 2.4 years old. Thirty-nine patients were male. The total positive culture rate of the manual homogenization group was 80.5% (70/87). Thirty-five patients had mixed infections with more than one microorganism cultured. Staphylococci accounted for 60.23% of all microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.9%) were the two most common bacteria cultured in this study. Patients with positive culture in the manual mixture group had significantly higher WBC (p = 0.006), NE% (p = 0.024), ESR (p = 0.003), CRP (p = 0.020) and IL6 (0.050) compared to patients with negative culture. After tissue homogenization, only ESR is still statistically different. Patients without SIRS had a low positive culture rate (59.4%). Tissue homogenization could significantly increase the positive culture rate of patients without SIRS. Pre-culture antibiotic exposure was not an independent risk factor for culture results. Conclusion: Peking University First Hospital Procedure for Culturing Pathogenic microorganisms for Bone and Joint Infections was a practical approach for obtaining pathogenic microorganisms.
{"title":"Peking University First Hospital Procedure for Culturing Pathogenic Microorganisms for Bone and Joint Infection","authors":"Yunpeng Cui, Qiwei Wang, Chuan Mi, Bing Wang, Yuanxing Pan, Yunfei Lin, Rui He, Liying Sun, Bo Zheng, Xuedong Shi","doi":"10.2147/idr.s464350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s464350","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> This retrospective cohort study explores a practical approach to acquiring pathogenic microorganisms in patients with bone and joint infections.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> From Aug 2018 to Mar 2022, 68 consecutive patients (87 cultures) with bone and joint infection were recruited in this study. All cultures followed the Peking University First Hospital Procedure of Culturing Pathogenic microorganisms for bone and joint infection. Tissue samples were obtained through fluoroscopy-guided biopsy or open debridement. Tissue samples were divided into manual homogenization (MH), manual mixture (MM), and pathological examination. The baseline, antibiotic exposure, laboratory, surgical, and microbial data were reviewed. Independent sample <em>T</em>-test, Mann–Whitney <em>U</em>-test, and Chi-square test were used to detect the difference between patients who received different processing measures.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The average age was 55.8± 2.4 years old. Thirty-nine patients were male. The total positive culture rate of the manual homogenization group was 80.5% (70/87). Thirty-five patients had mixed infections with more than one microorganism cultured. Staphylococci accounted for 60.23% of all microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.9%) were the two most common bacteria cultured in this study. Patients with positive culture in the manual mixture group had significantly higher WBC (p = 0.006), NE% (p = 0.024), ESR (p = 0.003), CRP (p = 0.020) and IL6 (0.050) compared to patients with negative culture. After tissue homogenization, only ESR is still statistically different. Patients without SIRS had a low positive culture rate (59.4%). Tissue homogenization could significantly increase the positive culture rate of patients without SIRS. Pre-culture antibiotic exposure was not an independent risk factor for culture results.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Peking University First Hospital Procedure for Culturing Pathogenic microorganisms for Bone and Joint Infections was a practical approach for obtaining pathogenic microorganisms.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid Al Sulaiman, Ohoud Aljuhani, Ghazwa B Korayem, Mashael AlFaifi, Abdullah F Alharthi, Asma Alshehri, Mashael S Alaboud, Ibtesam Saeed Alzahrani, Batoul Abdullah Alenazi, Fai Farhan Alanazi, Hessah Alrashidi, Sara Mohammad Alotaibi, Khuld Aloufi, Rawan M Alotaibi, Mai Alalawi, Ali Faris Altebainawi, Mohammad Y Alshami, Abeer A Alenazi, Ghaida A Abalkhail, Renad Bin Naheet, Rawan Mohammed Abu Alnasr, Mohammed Alrashed, Faisal E Al Mutairi, Khalid J Albarqi, Rawan S Alshammari, Norah M Abunayyan, Wadha J Aldhmadi, Ramesh Vishwakarma
Background: There is increasing evidence suggesting that ABO blood type may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. In addition to ABO blood type, the Rhesus (Rh) factor has also been implicated in various disease processes. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the association between both ABO and Rh blood types in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and their clinical outcomes. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in Saudi Arabia between March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021, involving adult COVID-19 patients admitted to Intensive Care Units, aimed to explore potential associations between rhesus blood group types (Positive versus Negative) and clinical outcomes. The primary endpoint assessed was the hospital length of stay (LOS). Other endpoints were considered secondary. Results: After propensity score matching (3:1 ratio), 212 patients were included in the final analysis. The hospital length of stay was longer in a negative Rh blood group compared with patients in the Rh-positive group (beta coefficient 0.26 (0.02, 0.51), p = 0.03). However, neither 30-day mortality (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.47, 1.25, p = 0.28) nor in-hospital mortality (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.48, 1.14, p = 0.17) reached statistical significance. Additionally, among the different ABO types, the A+ blood group exhibited a higher proportion of thrombosis/infarction and in-hospital mortality (28.1% and 31.2%, respectively). Conclusion: This study highlights the potential impact of blood group type on the prognosis of critically ill patients with COVID-19. It has been observed that patients with a negative Rh blood group type tend to have a longer hospital stay, while their mortality rates and complications during ICU stay are similar to the patients with a Rh-positive group.
{"title":"Association Between Rhesus and ABO Blood Group Types and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multi-Center Investigation","authors":"Khalid Al Sulaiman, Ohoud Aljuhani, Ghazwa B Korayem, Mashael AlFaifi, Abdullah F Alharthi, Asma Alshehri, Mashael S Alaboud, Ibtesam Saeed Alzahrani, Batoul Abdullah Alenazi, Fai Farhan Alanazi, Hessah Alrashidi, Sara Mohammad Alotaibi, Khuld Aloufi, Rawan M Alotaibi, Mai Alalawi, Ali Faris Altebainawi, Mohammad Y Alshami, Abeer A Alenazi, Ghaida A Abalkhail, Renad Bin Naheet, Rawan Mohammed Abu Alnasr, Mohammed Alrashed, Faisal E Al Mutairi, Khalid J Albarqi, Rawan S Alshammari, Norah M Abunayyan, Wadha J Aldhmadi, Ramesh Vishwakarma","doi":"10.2147/idr.s447010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s447010","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> There is increasing evidence suggesting that ABO blood type may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. In addition to ABO blood type, the Rhesus (Rh) factor has also been implicated in various disease processes. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the association between both ABO and Rh blood types in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and their clinical outcomes.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> A multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in Saudi Arabia between March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021, involving adult COVID-19 patients admitted to Intensive Care Units, aimed to explore potential associations between rhesus blood group types (Positive versus Negative) and clinical outcomes. The primary endpoint assessed was the hospital length of stay (LOS). Other endpoints were considered secondary.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> After propensity score matching (3:1 ratio), 212 patients were included in the final analysis. The hospital length of stay was longer in a negative Rh blood group compared with patients in the Rh-positive group (beta coefficient 0.26 (0.02, 0.51), p = 0.03). However, neither 30-day mortality (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.47, 1.25, p = 0.28) nor in-hospital mortality (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.48, 1.14, p = 0.17) reached statistical significance. Additionally, among the different ABO types, the A+ blood group exhibited a higher proportion of thrombosis/infarction and in-hospital mortality (28.1% and 31.2%, respectively).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study highlights the potential impact of blood group type on the prognosis of critically ill patients with COVID-19. It has been observed that patients with a negative Rh blood group type tend to have a longer hospital stay, while their mortality rates and complications during ICU stay are similar to the patients with a Rh-positive group.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Anaerobic bacterial meningitis is a serious infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological complications, resulting in high levels of disability and mortality worldwide. However, accurately diagnosing and isolating the responsible pathogens remains challenging due to the difficulty in culturing anaerobic bacteria, as they require harsh anaerobic culture conditions. Anaerobic bacteria have rarely been reported in meningitis, especially in children. This report details the first infant with anaerobic meningitis caused by Prevotella bivia. Additionally, we present a case of infant anaerobic meningitis caused by P. bivia, detected using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Our clinical experience highlights the importance of early identification of Prevotella spp. through mNGS and anaerobic culture, the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications, and the timely implementation of carefully planned precision therapeutic regimens. Furthermore, we have conducted a comprehensive review of 10 cases of Prevotella spp. infection, summarized their clinical and laboratory examination characteristics, and identified their commonalities.
摘要：厌氧细菌性脑膜炎是一种严重的中枢神经系统（CNS）感染，可导致严重的神经系统并发症，在全球范围内造成严重的残疾和死亡。然而，由于厌氧菌的培养需要苛刻的厌氧培养条件，因此很难准确诊断和分离出致病病原体。厌氧菌很少见于脑膜炎，尤其是儿童脑膜炎。本报告详细介绍了首例由弧菌引起的厌氧性脑膜炎婴儿。此外，我们还介绍了一例利用元基因组学下一代测序（mNGS）检测到的由 P. bivia 引起的婴儿厌氧性脑膜炎病例。我们的临床经验强调了通过 mNGS 和厌氧菌培养早期识别普雷沃茨菌属的重要性、抗菌药物的有效性以及及时实施精心策划的精准治疗方案的重要性。此外，我们还对 10 例普雷沃氏菌感染病例进行了全面回顾，总结了其临床和实验室检查特点，并找出了其共性：双胞普雷沃氏菌 厌氧性脑膜炎 婴儿
{"title":"The First Infant Anaerobic Meningitis Infected by Prevotella bivia: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Yanmeng Sun, Zheng Li, Yanfang Li, Chunyan Zhang, Mengyuan Wang, Wenwen Yu, Guohua Liu, Shifu Wang","doi":"10.2147/idr.s452189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s452189","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Anaerobic bacterial meningitis is a serious infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological complications, resulting in high levels of disability and mortality worldwide. However, accurately diagnosing and isolating the responsible pathogens remains challenging due to the difficulty in culturing anaerobic bacteria, as they require harsh anaerobic culture conditions. Anaerobic bacteria have rarely been reported in meningitis, especially in children. This report details the first infant with anaerobic meningitis caused by <em>Prevotella bivia</em>. Additionally, we present a case of infant anaerobic meningitis caused by <em>P. bivia</em>, detected using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Our clinical experience highlights the importance of early identification of <em>Prevotella</em> spp. through mNGS and anaerobic culture, the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications, and the timely implementation of carefully planned precision therapeutic regimens. Furthermore, we have conducted a comprehensive review of 10 cases of <em>Prevotella</em> spp. infection, summarized their clinical and laboratory examination characteristics, and identified their commonalities.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Prevotella bivia</em>, anaerobic meningitis, infant<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateusz Szymański, Małgorzata M Skiba, Małgorzata Piasecka
Response to Letter in regards to Synergistic Effect of Ceftazidime-Avibactam with Aztreonam on Carbapenemase-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae MBL+, NDM+ [Letter]
{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Ceftazidime-Avibactam with Aztreonam on Carbapenemase-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae MBL+, NDM+ [Response to Letter]","authors":"Mateusz Szymański, Małgorzata M Skiba, Małgorzata Piasecka","doi":"10.2147/idr.s486223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s486223","url":null,"abstract":"Response to Letter in regards to Synergistic Effect of Ceftazidime-Avibactam with Aztreonam on Carbapenemase-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae MBL+, NDM+ [Letter]","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ente Li, Qingfeng Zhu, Ziman Lv, Songsong Xie, Chunju Zhang, Wei Li, Ligu Mi, Quan Liu, Yuanzhi Wang, Xiaobo Lu
Abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar. It is characterized by prolonged intermittent fever, anemia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and skin darkening. VL is primarily endemic in regions, such as Brazil, East Africa, and India. However, Northern Xinjiang, which is located in northwestern China, is considered a low-incidence area for VL, contributing to its status as a neglected infectious disease. In this report, we present a case of VL caused by Leishmania donovani that was diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). This case underscores the diagnostic value of mNGS, particularly in regions with low incidence of VL.
Keywords: Visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania donovani, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, northwestern China
{"title":"Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Confirmed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing from Northwestern China","authors":"Ente Li, Qingfeng Zhu, Ziman Lv, Songsong Xie, Chunju Zhang, Wei Li, Ligu Mi, Quan Liu, Yuanzhi Wang, Xiaobo Lu","doi":"10.2147/idr.s472172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s472172","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar. It is characterized by prolonged intermittent fever, anemia, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and skin darkening. VL is primarily endemic in regions, such as Brazil, East Africa, and India. However, Northern Xinjiang, which is located in northwestern China, is considered a low-incidence area for VL, contributing to its status as a neglected infectious disease. In this report, we present a case of VL caused by <em>Leishmania donovani</em> that was diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). This case underscores the diagnostic value of mNGS, particularly in regions with low incidence of VL. <br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> Visceral leishmaniasis, <em>Leishmania donovani</em>, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, northwestern China<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the association between the variant mutations within embB and ubiA, and the degree of ethambutol (EMB) resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) isolates. Methods: A total of 146 M. tuberculosis isolates were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of EMB with a 96-well microplate-based assay. The mutations within embB and ubiA among these isolates were identified with DNA sequencing. Moreover, a multivariate regression model and a computer model were established to assess the effects of mutations on EMB resistance. Results: Our data showed that overall 100 isolates exhibited 28 mutated patterns within the sequenced embB and ubiA. Statistical analysis indicated that embB mutations Met306Val, Met306Ile, Gly406Ala, and Gln497Arg, were strongly associated with EMB resistance. Of these mutations, Met306Val and Gln497Arg were significantly associated with high-level EMB resistance. Almost all multiple mutations occurred in high-level EMB-resistant isolates. Although the mutation within ubiA accompanied with embB mutation presented exclusively in EMB-resistant isolates, four single ubiA mutations (Ala39Glu, Ser173Ala, Trp175Cys, and Val283Leu) leading to protein instability were observed in EMB-susceptible isolates. Conclusion: This study highlighted the complexity of EMB resistance. Some individual mutations and multiple mutations within embB and ubiA contributed to the different levels of EMB resistance.
{"title":"Different Contributions of embB and ubiA Mutations to Variable Level of Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates","authors":"Xiao-tian Nan, Ma-chao Li, Tong-yang Xiao, Hai-can Liu, Shi-qiang Lin, Wei Wang, Cheng Qian, Hao Hang, Gui-lian Li, Xiu-qin Zhao, Kang-Lin Wan, Li-li Zhao","doi":"10.2147/idr.s466371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s466371","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Objective:</strong> To explore the association between the variant mutations within <em>embB</em> and <em>ubiA</em>, and the degree of ethambutol (EMB) resistance of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (<em>M. tuberculosis</em>) isolates.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 146 <em>M. tuberculosis</em> isolates were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of EMB with a 96-well microplate-based assay. The mutations within <em>embB</em> and <em>ubiA</em> among these isolates were identified with DNA sequencing. Moreover, a multivariate regression model and a computer model were established to assess the effects of mutations on EMB resistance.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Our data showed that overall 100 isolates exhibited 28 mutated patterns within the sequenced <em>embB</em> and <em>ubiA</em>. Statistical analysis indicated that <em>embB</em> mutations Met306Val, Met306Ile, Gly406Ala, and Gln497Arg, were strongly associated with EMB resistance. Of these mutations, Met306Val and Gln497Arg were significantly associated with high-level EMB resistance. Almost all multiple mutations occurred in high-level EMB-resistant isolates. Although the mutation within <em>ubiA</em> accompanied with <em>embB</em> mutation presented exclusively in EMB-resistant isolates, four single <em>ubiA</em> mutations (Ala39Glu, Ser173Ala, Trp175Cys, and Val283Leu) leading to protein instability were observed in EMB-susceptible isolates.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study highlighted the complexity of EMB resistance. Some individual mutations and multiple mutations within <em>embB</em> and <em>ubiA</em> contributed to the different levels of EMB resistance.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> ethambutol, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, <em>embB</em>, <em>ubiA</em>, mutations, minimum inhibitory concentration<br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Ye, Xiwei Sun, Yiping Li, Yali Zeng, Lacuo Zhuoma, Dinglun Zhou, Qinying He, Ju Wang, Wei Yang, Hang Yu, Yihui Yang, Shu Liang, Dan Yuan
Background: Sichuan Province was severely affected by the HIV, and there was a scarcity of data regarding the survival time and influencing factors for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Sichuan Province who have received Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a survival analysis for PLWH receiving ART. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on PLWH who had received ART≥ 6 months in Sichuan Province from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate median survival time and plot survival curves, while a Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to analyze factors affecting survival time. Bilateral tests were performed, with P≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years for the 223,386 subjects were 94.54%, 89.07%, 84.82%, and 76.44%, respectively. Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model indicated lower mortality risks for females (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.54– 0.65), homosexual transmission (HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.33– 0.55), and baseline BMI≥ 24 (HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.72– 0.90). Higher mortality risks were associated with age≥ 50 years at diagnosis (HR=3.21, 95% CI: 2.94– 3.50), being unmarried or divorced (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.11– 1.37), living separately (HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.22– 1.43), baseline BMI < 18.5 (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.13– 1.41), presence of single-drug resistance (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.36), baseline WHO stage IV (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.09– 1.47), and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.41). Compared to those with CD4(+) T cell count of 200– 350cells/μL, 350– 500cells/μL, and > 500cells/μL at baseline, individuals with < 200cells/μL had higher mortality risks (HR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.67– 0.79; HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.64; and HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.66, respectively). Conclusion: The survival rate for PLWH receiving ART in Sichuan Province was relatively high. Male gender, age over 50 at diagnosis, being unmarried, divorced, or living separately, presence of single-drug resistance, low baseline BMI, baseline CD4+ T cell < 200cells/μL, baseline WHO stage IV, and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months were risk factors for the survival of PLWH.
{"title":"Survival Analysis of Antiretroviral Treatment for PLWH in Sichuan Province, China, 2003-2022: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Li Ye, Xiwei Sun, Yiping Li, Yali Zeng, Lacuo Zhuoma, Dinglun Zhou, Qinying He, Ju Wang, Wei Yang, Hang Yu, Yihui Yang, Shu Liang, Dan Yuan","doi":"10.2147/idr.s463262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s463262","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> Sichuan Province was severely affected by the HIV, and there was a scarcity of data regarding the survival time and influencing factors for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Sichuan Province who have received Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a survival analysis for PLWH receiving ART.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective cohort study was conducted on PLWH who had received ART≥ 6 months in Sichuan Province from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2022. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate median survival time and plot survival curves, while a Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to analyze factors affecting survival time. Bilateral tests were performed, with P≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years for the 223,386 subjects were 94.54%, 89.07%, 84.82%, and 76.44%, respectively. Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model indicated lower mortality risks for females (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.54– 0.65), homosexual transmission (HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.33– 0.55), and baseline BMI≥ 24 (HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.72– 0.90). Higher mortality risks were associated with age≥ 50 years at diagnosis (HR=3.21, 95% CI: 2.94– 3.50), being unmarried or divorced (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.11– 1.37), living separately (HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.22– 1.43), baseline BMI < 18.5 (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.13– 1.41), presence of single-drug resistance (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.36), baseline WHO stage IV (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.09– 1.47), and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.41). Compared to those with CD4(+) T cell count of 200– 350cells/μL, 350– 500cells/μL, and > 500cells/μL at baseline, individuals with < 200cells/μL had higher mortality risks (HR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.67– 0.79; HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.64; and HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.66, respectively).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The survival rate for PLWH receiving ART in Sichuan Province was relatively high. Male gender, age over 50 at diagnosis, being unmarried, divorced, or living separately, presence of single-drug resistance, low baseline BMI, baseline CD4+ T cell < 200cells/μL, baseline WHO stage IV, and a diagnosis-to-treatment interval > 12 months were risk factors for the survival of PLWH.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号