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2001 MILCOM Proceedings Communications for Network-Centric Operations: Creating the Information Force (Cat. No.01CH37277)最新文献

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Performance analysis of maximum likelihood blind spreading factor detection using FOSSIL 基于FOSSIL的最大似然盲扩展因子检测性能分析
L. Tsaur, D.C. Lee
We describe and propose the usage of a new codeword set to achieve the symbol rate (or spreading factor) adaptation in a CDMA communication network. Then we analyze the performance of a symbol-by-symbol, non-coherent, maximum-likelihood, blind spreading factor detector. The probability of false detection, which is also referred as the detection error rate (DER) in other studies, is analyzed for a multi-rate CDMA communication link with AWGN. The analysis shows that when the SNR is greater than 17 dB, the probability of false detection is around 10/sup -6/.
在CDMA通信网络中,我们描述并提出了一种新的码字集来实现符号速率(或扩频因子)的自适应。然后分析了一种逐符号、非相干、最大似然、盲扩频因子检测器的性能。本文分析了带AWGN的多速率CDMA通信链路的误检测概率,也称为检测错误率(DER)。分析表明,当信噪比大于17 dB时,误检概率在10/sup -6/左右。
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引用次数: 0
The waveform description language: moving from implementation to specification 波形描述语言:从实现到规范
E. Willink, E. Willink
Many current research and development activities make significant contributions to the quality of some particular implementation approach. We describe the waveform description language, in which the best characteristics of a variety of distinct programming approaches are exploited so that standard implementation domain practices can be applied in the specification domain. A single WDL specification may be refined to support semi-automated conversion to a variety of implementations. A WDL specification avoids the ambiguities and contradictions characteristic of many conventional specifications with an underlying formality that remains accessible and familiar to programmers.
许多当前的研究和发展活动对某些特定执行方法的质量作出了重大贡献。我们描述了波形描述语言,其中利用了各种不同编程方法的最佳特征,以便标准实现领域的实践可以应用于规范领域。可以对单个WDL规范进行细化,以支持到各种实现的半自动转换。WDL规范避免了许多传统规范的模糊性和矛盾性,它具有程序员可以访问和熟悉的基本形式。
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引用次数: 18
Multi-band integrated satellite terminal (MIST) - a key to future SOTM for the Army 多波段综合卫星终端(MIST)——陆军未来SOTM的关键
G. Comparetto, B. Hall
The US Army's communications capability must keep pace with the evolution of a globally deployable joint task force (JTF) and force projection army, while supporting forced entry and contingency operations. The warfighter must have the freedom and flexibility to move quickly on the battlefield using a communications terminal that is tactically responsive, mobile and interoperable and provides SATCOM-on-the-move (SOTM) and SATCOM-on-the-pause (SOTP) capability. PM MILSATCOM is helping to define this next generation army SATCOM terminal that is referred to as the multi-band integrated satellite terminal (MIST) and is currently scheduled to be fielded in several phases out to 2014. In so doing, PM MILSATCOM initiated several studies to define the MIST program better, help formulate the acquisition strategy, validate the MIST funding schedule and initiate Government cost estimates for the MIST program. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the key findings of the study performed by the MITRE Corporation in support of PM MILSATCOM. Our focus here is to summarize the notional terminal architecture design options postulated in that study and to identify the key technology areas that need to be advanced in order to ensure successful operation of the MIST terminal.
美国陆军的通信能力必须跟上全球部署联合特遣部队(JTF)和兵力投射部队的发展步伐,同时支持强制进入和应急行动。作战人员必须具有在战场上快速移动的自由和灵活性,使用战术响应、移动和互操作的通信终端,并提供移动中卫星通信(SOTM)和暂停中卫星通信(SOTP)能力。PM MILSATCOM正在帮助定义下一代陆军卫星通信终端,即多波段综合卫星终端(MIST),目前计划在2014年之前分几个阶段部署。在此过程中,PM MILSATCOM启动了几项研究,以更好地定义MIST计划,帮助制定采办战略,验证MIST资助时间表,并启动MIST计划的政府成本估算。本文的目的是总结MITRE公司在支持PM MILSATCOM方面进行的研究的主要发现。我们在这里的重点是总结该研究中假设的概念终端架构设计选项,并确定需要改进的关键技术领域,以确保MIST终端的成功运行。
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引用次数: 1
Low power TDMA in large wireless sensor networks 大型无线传感器网络中的低功耗TDMA
G. Pei, C. Chien, Rockwell
In this paper we present a novel TDMA scheme for a large population of sensors interconnected by a wireless multihop network. Applications of this wireless sensor network include battlefield surveillance, space exploration and condition based monitoring. Key characteristics of this system are the large number of sensor nodes and the need to rely on battery operation for a long period of time. Since communication is a major consumer of energy, low power communication protocols play a critical role in wireless sensor networks and have significant impact on the overall energy dissipation of these networked systems. This paper focuses on an energy efficient TDMA protocol, power aware clustered TDMA (PACT), that adapts the duly cycle to the user traffic. In other words, the radio is powered off if the network is inactive. Moreover, we apply passive clustering to take advantage of the redundant dense topology and prolong the lifetime of the entire network even further. At a given time, only a subset of network nodes (i.e., cluster heads and gateways) participates in the communication. The role of cluster heads and gateways is rotated according to their energy levels. The clustering requires no explicit control messages and therefore incurs negligible energy overhead. Using the proposed protocol, simulation and analytical results show significant improvement in energy saving and network lifetime.
在本文中,我们提出了一种新的TDMA方案,用于通过无线多跳网络相互连接的大量传感器。该无线传感器网络的应用包括战场监视、空间探索和状态监测。该系统的主要特点是传感器节点数量多,需要长时间依靠电池供电。由于通信是主要的能源消耗,低功耗通信协议在无线传感器网络中起着至关重要的作用,并对这些网络系统的整体能耗产生重大影响。本文重点研究了一种节能的TDMA协议——功率感知集群TDMA (PACT)协议,该协议能够根据用户流量调整相应的周期。换句话说,如果网络处于非活动状态,无线电将关闭。此外,我们采用被动聚类来利用冗余密集拓扑,进一步延长整个网络的生命周期。在给定时间,只有网络节点的子集(即簇头和网关)参与通信。簇头和网关的角色根据它们的能量级别进行旋转。集群不需要显式的控制消息,因此产生的能量开销可以忽略不计。仿真和分析结果表明,该协议在节能和网络寿命方面有显著提高。
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引用次数: 205
A de-correlated delay locked loop for direct sequence spread spectrum systems in a multi-user environment 多用户环境下直接序列扩频系统的去相关延时锁环
W. Wong
Traditional delay locked loops are well-proven techniques for tracking the pseudo noise sequence for a single user condition. However, serious degradations may occur in a multi-user environment. For example, the loop may become unstable under conditions of large multiple access interference. A novel de-correlated delay locked loop is presented for synchronous direct sequence spread spectrum systems. It de-correlates the MAI caused by interfering users at the zero timing offset instant and achieves a better S curve. Computer simulations based on Gold code sequences are used to verify the results.
传统的延时锁环是跟踪单用户条件下伪噪声序列的有效技术。但是,在多用户环境中可能会出现严重的降级。例如,在较大的多址干扰条件下,环路可能变得不稳定。针对同步直接序列扩频系统,提出了一种新型的去相关延时锁环。在零时序偏移瞬间,对干扰用户产生的MAI进行去相关处理,得到了较好的S曲线。基于Gold码序列的计算机模拟验证了结果。
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引用次数: 7
LPI, full-duplex voice communication using adaptive rate delta modulation LPI,使用自适应速率增量调制的全双工语音通信
B. Harvey
This paper proposes a novel modulation concept for robust, low-probability-of-intercept (LPI), full-duplex, wireless, digital voice communication system. The adaptive rate delta modulation (AR-DM) uses a tri-level threshold to produce delta-modulated pulses only when the magnitude change exceeds a predetermined threshold. This technique significantly reduces the average pulse rate required and lowers the noise generated by delta modulation under zero input conditions. The receiver is reduced to a simple pulse detector and a counter to recreate the original signal. This system does not require headers, packets or other synchronizing schemes. The reduced pulse rate and input-dependent nature of the adaptive rate implementation allows multiple users to use the same channel concurrently for full-duplex voice communication. The pauses and amplitude variations of natural conversation provide gaps in pulse transmission through which other user pulses can be received with acceptable loss due to pulse collisions. Simultaneous reception from multiple transmitters gives a result resembling natural group conversation. AR-DM can be combined with spread-spectrum techniques and/or transmission in the millimeter wave (MMW) 60 GHz oxygen absorption band to provide reliable LPI communication for forward operating platoons or other small groups. A reliable and compact communication system can be deployed to each soldier. This paper presents the essentials of AR-DM and characterizes a voice communication system using spread spectrum and/or 60 GHz transmission band for LPI.
针对鲁棒、低截获概率(LPI)、全双工、无线、数字语音通信系统,提出了一种新的调制概念。自适应速率增量调制(AR-DM)使用三电平阈值,仅当幅度变化超过预定阈值时才产生增量调制脉冲。该技术显著降低了所需的平均脉冲速率,并降低了零输入条件下增量调制产生的噪声。接收器被简化为一个简单的脉冲检测器和一个计数器来重建原始信号。该系统不需要报头、数据包或其他同步方案。降低的脉冲速率和自适应速率实现的输入依赖特性允许多个用户同时使用同一信道进行全双工语音通信。自然对话的停顿和幅度变化在脉冲传输中提供了间隙,通过这些间隙,其他用户脉冲可以以可接受的损失(由于脉冲碰撞)接收。同时从多个发射机接收信号的结果类似于自然的群组对话。AR-DM可以与扩频技术和/或毫米波(MMW) 60 GHz吸氧波段的传输相结合,为前方作战排或其他小分队提供可靠的LPI通信。一个可靠和紧凑的通信系统可以部署到每个士兵。本文介绍了AR-DM的基本原理,并介绍了一种使用扩频和/或60ghz传输频段进行LPI的语音通信系统。
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引用次数: 2
ROADMAP: a robust ACK-driven media access protocol for mobile ad hoc networks 路线图:用于移动自组织网络的健壮的ack驱动媒体访问协议
Dongkyun Kim, C. Toh, Yanghee Choi
A new and reliable MAC protocol is proposed to reduce the number of control handshake messages, such as RTS (Request-To-Send) and CTS (Clear-To-Send), incurred prior to data transmission in ad hoc wireless networks. Such a handshake is currently being used in the IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC (Distributed Foundation Wireless MAC) protocol. Our protocol is power efficient since fewer control messages are being used. By overhearing the ACK message sent by the upstream node, a node can gain advance knowledge that data would be arriving and hence need only to initiate a CTS later on. In addition to this, we introduce reliability into the protocol using an acknowledgment message to indicate that the data transmitted has been reliably received. Issues related to collision of control messages are also addressed in this paper. The communication performance of our protocol is evaluated via simulation and we also compare it with the IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC. Results show that our protocol outperforms DFWMAC with fewer control overheads incurred and smaller end-to-end delay.
提出了一种新的、可靠的MAC协议,以减少在自组织无线网络中数据传输之前产生的控制握手消息的数量,如RTS (Request-To-Send)和CTS (Clear-To-Send)。这种握手方式目前正在IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC(分布式基础无线MAC)协议中使用。我们的协议是节能的,因为使用的控制消息更少。通过监听上游节点发送的ACK消息,节点可以提前知道数据即将到达,因此只需要稍后启动CTS。除此之外,我们使用确认消息将可靠性引入协议,以表明传输的数据已被可靠地接收。本文还讨论了与控制消息冲突相关的问题。通过仿真对协议的通信性能进行了评估,并与IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC进行了比较。结果表明,我们的协议以更少的控制开销和更小的端到端延迟优于DFWMAC。
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引用次数: 7
Performance of the 16QAM modem in the satellite communication environment 卫星通信环境下16QAM调制解调器的性能
H. Hwang, J.M. Charroux, L. Cooper, T.M. Nguyen, G. Goo
This paper presents computer simulation results of the 16QAM modem in the satellite communication environment. An end-to-end communications system including a 16QAM modulator, klystron, satellite transponder, 16QAM demodulator, timing recovery loop, phase recovery loop, and channel filters are modeled by using SPW. Satellite transponder components modeled in SPW include up/down converters, channelizer and TWTA. Laboratory measured data are used to model the transmitter klystron and transponder TWTA. Simulation results show that the bit error rate (BER) performance is severely degraded by nonlinear amplifiers. Techniques to minimize the BER performance degradation using "high power amplifier back-off" and "predistortion of the transmitter symbols" are discussed.
本文给出了16QAM调制解调器在卫星通信环境下的计算机仿真结果。利用SPW对包括16QAM调制器、速调管、卫星转发器、16QAM解调器、定时恢复环路、相位恢复环路和信道滤波器在内的端到端通信系统进行了建模。在SPW中建模的卫星转发器组件包括上/下转换器、信道转换器和TWTA。实验室测量数据用于模拟发射机速调管和应答器的TWTA。仿真结果表明,非线性放大器严重降低了误码率(BER)性能。讨论了利用“高功率放大器后退”和“发射机符号预失真”最小化误码率性能退化的技术。
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引用次数: 4
A new transmission/reception scheme for "blind" suppression of co-channel interference in FH-CDMA peer-to-peer mobile communications FH-CDMA点对点移动通信中“盲”抑制同信道干扰的一种新的收发方案
K.T. Wong
A new frequency hopping scheme is herein proposed for blind space-time suppression of co-channel interference in FH-CDMA peer-to-peer wireless communications. The proposed blind adaptive "smart antennas" signal processing scheme maximizes the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) without prior knowledge of (1) the (possibly overlapping) hop sequences of the multi-user interferers, (2) the fading channel's (possibly spatially and temporally decorrelated) space-time impulse response, and (3) the mobile receiver antenna's nominal or actual gain/phase responses. The proposed scheme can reject "spectral splatter". This scheme may be implemented with only one receiving antenna, or as a space-time version for any number of antennas (as few as two), thereby exploiting any spatially decorrelated fading across the receiving antennas. All the above are made possible in the present scheme by substituting by a dedicated "dump" frequency for the desired signal's signature hop-sequence bins on a regular and rotating basis a priori known to the mobile receiver, thereby allowing adaptive estimation of the interference and noise affecting the desired signal.
针对FH-CDMA点对点无线通信中同信道干扰的盲时空抑制,提出了一种新的跳频方案。提出的盲自适应“智能天线”信号处理方案在不事先知道(1)多用户干扰的(可能重叠的)跳序列,(2)衰落信道的(可能在空间和时间上去相关的)时空脉冲响应,以及(3)移动接收机天线的名义或实际增益/相位响应的情况下最大化信噪比(SINR)。所提出的方案可以抑制“光谱飞溅”。该方案可以仅使用一个接收天线来实现,也可以作为任意数量的天线(少至两个)的时空版本来实现,从而利用接收天线之间的任何空间去相关衰落。在本方案中,通过在移动接收器已知的常规和旋转的基础上用专用的“转储”频率代替期望信号的签名跳序仓,从而允许对影响期望信号的干扰和噪声进行自适应估计,从而使上述所有功能成为可能。
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引用次数: 2
Application of foresight's technology to implement a waveform development environment 应用预见技术实现波形开发环境
B. Logan, D. Wilson
To achieve interconnection of disparate waveforms and radio architectures, a mechanism must be available to efficiently develop and test waveforms, to prototype new software definable radio (SDR,) architectures, and to download waveforms in the field. At present, such SDR applications are developed using disparate traditional SW and HW tools that do not support a HW/SW co-design process for a total system synthesis. Foresight Systems, Inc. has developed several tools that address a methodology for this waveform development environment, how to model functions and architectures for the environment, mapping functions to architectures, simulation and performance calculations, and automatic code generation for systems in an integrated development environment (IDE). In the SDR field, waveform and control domain libraries must exist as well as architecture libraries with a rich variety of multi-processor models, operating systems (OS), protocols, and I/O drivers. Such libraries are necessary in order for the designer to perform HW/SW co-design and system trade-offs to construct various instantiations of communication waveforms dynamically downloadable to a software mobile radio. The application of Foresight Systems' technology to the development of a waveform development environment for software definable radios is currently under active discussion between Foresight Systems and commercial firms.
为了实现不同波形和无线电架构的互连,必须有一种机制来有效地开发和测试波形,为新的软件可定义无线电(SDR)架构设计原型,并在现场下载波形。目前,这种SDR应用程序是使用不同的传统软件和硬件工具开发的,这些工具不支持用于整个系统综合的硬件/软件协同设计过程。Foresight Systems, Inc.已经开发了几种工具,用于解决该波形开发环境的方法论,如何为环境建模功能和体系结构,将功能映射到体系结构,模拟和性能计算,以及集成开发环境(IDE)中系统的自动代码生成。在SDR领域,必须存在波形和控制域库以及具有丰富多样的多处理器模型、操作系统(OS)、协议和I/O驱动程序的架构库。这样的库是必要的,以便设计人员执行硬件/软件协同设计和系统权衡,以构建可动态下载到软件移动无线电的各种通信波形实例。目前,Foresight Systems和商业公司正在积极讨论将Foresight Systems的技术应用于软件可定义无线电的波形开发环境的开发。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2001 MILCOM Proceedings Communications for Network-Centric Operations: Creating the Information Force (Cat. No.01CH37277)
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