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2001 MILCOM Proceedings Communications for Network-Centric Operations: Creating the Information Force (Cat. No.01CH37277)最新文献

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DISN global mobile broadband wireless networking services DISN全球移动宽带无线网络服务
S. A. Shah, L. Bowman
This paper presents and discusses the Defense Information Service Network (DISN) global mobile wireless networking architecture to extend the range of broadband services to mobile users available to fixed users. The roaming and mobile users will have to operate across a wide range of network performance, and choosing among alternative media and overlays for best performance. Diverse wireless and wired networks are integrated through software that mediates between the mobile terminal and the networks it could possibly connect to, supporting the mobile users as it roams among the multiple networks. The overall objective of the paper is to introduce and resolve technical issues and problems in the development of a mobile and wireless DISN network services, and answer some of the questions on the implementation of the new services and systems.
本文提出并讨论了国防信息服务网(DISN)全球移动无线网络架构,以扩展固定用户可获得的移动用户宽带服务范围。漫游和移动用户将不得不在广泛的网络性能范围内操作,并在替代媒体和覆盖层中选择最佳性能。多种无线和有线网络通过软件集成,该软件在移动终端与其可能连接的网络之间进行中介,支持移动用户在多个网络之间漫游。本文的总体目标是介绍和解决移动和无线DISN网络业务开发中的技术问题和问题,并回答有关新业务和新系统实施的一些问题。
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引用次数: 0
A reduced rank MMSE receiver for a DS-CDMA system in frequency selective multipath 用于频率选择多径的DS-CDMA系统的降阶MMSE接收机
S. Sud, W. Myrick, J. S. Goldstein, M. Zoltowski
A new reduced rank adaptive algorithm, for asynchronous DS-CDMA interference suppression in the presence of frequency selective multipath interference is presented. The algorithm employs a computationally efficient, correlation-subtraction architecture based on the multistage Wiener filter. It is shown that with enough sample support, this reduced rank technique performs as well as the full rank MMSE solution without requiring matrix inversion, eigendecomposition, or the construction of blocking matrices. At low sample support, the MWF performance is shown to exceed that of MMSE with the additional bonus of reduced complexity. System performance is characterized for a highly loaded asynchronous DS-CDMA system in the presence of multipath interference and the performance of the multistage Wiener filter is compared to the MMSE and RAKE receivers.
针对频率选择多径干扰,提出了一种新的降阶自适应异步DS-CDMA干扰抑制算法。该算法采用基于多级维纳滤波器的高效相关减法结构。结果表明,在足够的样本支持下,这种降秩技术的性能与全秩MMSE解决方案一样好,而不需要矩阵反演、特征分解或构建块矩阵。在低样本支持下,MWF的性能优于MMSE,同时还降低了复杂性。在存在多径干扰的情况下,对高负载异步DS-CDMA系统的系统性能进行了表征,并将多级维纳滤波器的性能与MMSE和RAKE接收机进行了比较。
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引用次数: 7
Application of mobile router to military communications 移动路由器在军事通信中的应用
David H. Stewart, Verizon Cleveland Ohio, W. Ivancic, T. L. Bell, B. A. Kachmar, D. Shell, K. Leung, Cisco Systems, Nasa Glenn
Cisco Systems and NASA Glenn Research Center under a NASA Space Act Agreement have been performing joint networking research to apply Internet technologies and protocols to space-based communications. During this time, Cisco Systems developed the mobile router which NASA and Cisco jointly tested. The early field trials of this technology have been successfully completed. The mobile router is software code that resides in a network router. A mobile router allows entire networks to roam while maintaining connectivity to the Internet. This router code is pertinent to a myriad of applications for both government and commercial sectors. This technology can be applied to the wireless battlefield and for near-planetary observation and sensing spacecraft. It enables communication via the Internet or intranets to aircraft. The mobile router can be incorporated into emergency vehicles, particularly ambulances and life-flight aircraft, to provide real-time connectivity back to hospital healthcare experts. Commercial applications include entertainment services, IP telephone and Internet connectivity for cruise ships, commercial shipping, tour buses, aircraft and, eventually, cars. This paper briefly describes the mobile router operation. An upcoming wide area network field test with application to US Coast Guard communications is described. The paper also highlights military and government networks that can benefit from the deployment of the mobile router and its associated applications.
根据美国宇航局太空法案协议,思科系统公司和美国宇航局格伦研究中心正在进行联合网络研究,将互联网技术和协议应用于天基通信。在此期间,思科系统公司开发了美国宇航局和思科公司联合测试的移动路由器。该技术的早期现场试验已经成功完成。移动路由器是驻留在网络路由器中的软件代码。移动路由器允许整个网络漫游,同时保持与互联网的连接。此路由器代码与政府和商业部门的无数应用程序相关。该技术可应用于无线战场和近行星观测与传感航天器。它可以通过互联网或内部网与飞机进行通信。这种移动路由器可以集成到紧急车辆中,特别是救护车和救生飞机,为医院医疗保健专家提供实时连接。商业应用包括娱乐服务、IP电话和互联网连接,用于游轮、商业航运、旅游巴士、飞机,最终用于汽车。本文简要介绍了移动路由器的工作原理。描述了即将在美国海岸警卫队通信中应用的广域网现场测试。该报告还强调了可以从移动路由器及其相关应用的部署中受益的军事和政府网络。
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引用次数: 13
On the capacity modeling of multi-hop cellular packet CDMA networks 多跳蜂窝分组CDMA网络容量建模研究
A. N. Zadeh, B. Jabbari
Wireless multihop networks with a cellular structure have the potential to support high data rate traffic at a reasonable degree of implementation complexity. We consider a cellular network architecture composed of base stations, routers, and terminals and focus on its throughput modeling. Simply adding routers to the current cellular networks may not improve the throughput, since relaying the packets by routers may generate the same amount of interference at the receivers. We derive a closed form formula for the probability density function of interference at each receiver and compare the numerical and simulation results for different path loss parameters.
具有蜂窝结构的无线多跳网络具有在合理程度的实现复杂性下支持高数据速率流量的潜力。我们考虑了一个由基站、路由器和终端组成的蜂窝网络体系结构,并重点研究了其吞吐量建模。简单地在当前的蜂窝网络中添加路由器可能不会提高吞吐量,因为路由器中继数据包可能会对接收器产生相同数量的干扰。推导了各接收机干扰概率密度函数的封闭公式,并比较了不同路径损耗参数下的数值和仿真结果。
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引用次数: 6
Application-level survivability: resumable FTP 应用程序级生存能力:可恢复的FTP
M. Grzywa, W. Yurcik, L. Brumbaugh
Internet attacks are moving up the protocol stack to the application layer, effectively blinding lower-layer security prevention and detection techniques. It has been estimated that 40% of unplanned system downtime is due to software application failures. This paper describes a project to demonstrate survivability at the application layer. The goal is to replace a lost essential service by another service that supports mission fulfillment in a different but equivalent way. Application-level survivability, the ability to reconfigure an application to transparently maintain services when part of a system becomes unavailable, is the most flexible and comprehensive approach to supporting mission fulfillment since it can provide assurance over all lower layers within a networked system. We have developed resumable FTP, an application based on RFC 959, which has the ability to resume the download of a file after the download has been interrupted by users or by lower layers (loss of connection). FTP continues to be the most common method for bulk data transfer across networks and as high-performance network infrastructures have become established, default implementations of FTP have not kept pace. More importantly, FTP is similar to a class of future applications that use separate channels for data and control enabling long-lasting sessions. We present the design and use of rFTP and conclude with future architectures for providing application-layer survivability in other domains.
互联网攻击正从协议栈向上移动到应用层,有效地蒙蔽了底层的安全防范和检测技术。据估计,40%的计划外系统停机是由于软件应用程序故障造成的。本文描述了一个在应用层演示生存性的项目。目标是用另一种以不同但等效的方式支持任务完成的服务来取代失去的基本服务。应用程序级别的生存能力,即在系统的一部分不可用时重新配置应用程序以透明地维护服务的能力,是支持任务实现的最灵活和最全面的方法,因为它可以在网络系统的所有较低层次上提供保证。我们开发了可恢复的FTP,这是一个基于RFC 959的应用程序,它具有在下载被用户或较低层次(丢失连接)中断后恢复文件下载的能力。FTP仍然是跨网络批量数据传输的最常用方法,随着高性能网络基础设施的建立,FTP的默认实现并没有跟上。更重要的是,FTP类似于一类未来的应用程序,它们为数据和控制使用单独的通道,从而实现持久的会话。我们介绍了rFTP的设计和使用,并总结了在其他领域提供应用层生存能力的未来架构。
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引用次数: 2
Multiple levels of security in support of highly mobile tactical internets-ELB ACTD 支持高移动战术互联网的多重安全级别——elb ACTD
K. Rohwer, T. Krout
Tactical internets (TI) present security challenges both consistent with and simultaneously unique to terrestrial based networks. Few large-scale TI demonstrations have occurred where security was a primary concern, and fewer yet have achieved Classified Type 1 and Sensitive But Unclassified (SBU) enclave connectivity to significant numbers of highly mobile Marine Corp squads, Army units, and ships at sea simultaneously. The Extending the Littoral Battlespace (ELB) Advanced Concept Technology Development (ACTD) demonstrated such a TI in 2001. ELB's overarching direction was to provide robust, reliable, and secure wireless, highly mobile TI. The TI focuses on providing a common tactical picture as well as other functions between shipboard command and control systems and the ground force end user, comprising Maine Corps and Army units. To meet the security challenges, ELB developed an unique security architecture and concepts to insure both data integrity and security. The security architecture included COTS and DoD type 1 wireless encryption, hardened Windows NT workstations, on-the-fly hard disk encryption, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. This paper discusses the security concepts employed as a component of the ELB TI demonstration.
战术互联网(TI)提出了与地面网络一致的安全挑战,同时也是地面网络所特有的挑战。很少有大规模的TI演示发生在安全是主要关注的地方,很少有实现机密类型1和敏感但非机密(SBU)飞地连接到大量高度机动的海军陆战队小队,陆军部队和海上船只。扩展濒海战斗空间(ELB)先进概念技术开发(ACTD)在2001年演示了这种TI。ELB的总体方向是提供强大、可靠和安全的无线、高移动TI。TI侧重于在舰载指挥控制系统和地面部队最终用户(包括缅因军团和陆军单位)之间提供通用战术图像以及其他功能。为了应对安全挑战,ELB开发了独特的安全架构和概念,以确保数据的完整性和安全性。安全体系结构包括COTS和DoD类型1无线加密、加固的Windows NT工作站、动态硬盘加密、防火墙和入侵检测系统。本文讨论了作为ELB TI演示组成部分的安全概念。
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引用次数: 4
Energy-efficient self-organizing communication protocols for wireless sensor networks 无线传感器网络节能自组织通信协议
F. J. Block, C. Baum
A challenge in the design of wireless microsensor networks is the preservation of battery life in the microsensor nodes. Energy is expended not only in transmitting packets, but also in listening to the channel. This paper presents energy-preserving channel-access and routing protocols for self-organized communication in a wireless microsensor network containing a large number of low-cost nodes and a base station. The routing protocols are designed to use the remaining energy of the radios in making routing decisions. Performance is compared to a protocol that does not utilize energy information.
无线微传感器网络设计中的一个挑战是保持微传感器节点的电池寿命。能量不仅消耗在传输数据包上,还消耗在收听信道上。提出了一种包含大量低成本节点和一个基站的无线微传感器网络自组织通信的节能信道接入和路由协议。路由协议的设计目的是利用无线电的剩余能量进行路由决策。将性能与不利用能量信息的协议进行比较。
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引用次数: 16
Operational spectrum effectiveness: a performance metric for software defined radio 操作频谱有效性:软件定义无线电的性能指标
L. Jones
Advanced RF systems such as sofware-defined radio (SDR), given a high degree of agility, in spectrum access, modulation and routing discipline, offer new opportunities to achieve expanding mission requirements while optimizing spectrum utilization. Agile RF systems may be employed within a military environment to intelligently minimize the value-limiting effects of interference if we define "interference" to include all aspects of signal orthogonality. To fully exploit these opportunities, system acquisition principals need measures to evaluate alternative technical approaches and field users need a means to manage the employment of these systems. This paper suggests some directions for the development of measures of operational spectrum effectiveness (OSE) to aid the deployment of advanced wireless technology, including software-defined radio, by the DoD.
软件定义无线电(SDR)等先进射频系统在频谱接入、调制和路由方面具有高度的敏捷性,为在优化频谱利用率的同时实现扩展任务需求提供了新的机会。如果我们将“干扰”定义为包括信号正交性的所有方面,那么敏捷RF系统可以在军事环境中使用,以智能地最小化干扰的值限制效应。为了充分利用这些机会,系统采购负责人需要采取措施来评估可选择的技术方法,现场用户需要一种方法来管理这些系统的使用。本文提出了开发操作频谱有效性(OSE)措施的一些方向,以帮助国防部部署先进的无线技术,包括软件定义无线电。
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引用次数: 4
Multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks or how to route in the presence of frequent topology changes 移动自组织网络中的多路径路由或如何在拓扑频繁变化的情况下进行路由
A. Tsirigos, Z. Haas
We propose a framework for multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and provide its analytical evaluation. The instability of the topology (e.g., failure of links) in this type of network, due to nodal mobility and changes in wireless propagation conditions, makes transmission of time-sensitive information a challenging problem. To combat the inherent unreliability of these networks, we propose a routing scheme that uses multiple paths simultaneously by splitting the information among the multitude of paths, so as to increase the probability that the essential portion of the information is received at the destination without incurring excessive delay. Our scheme works by adding an overhead to each packet, which is calculated as a linear function of the original packet bits. The resulting packet (information and overhead) is fragmented into smaller blocks and distributed over the available paths. Our goal, given the failure probabilities of the paths, is to find the optimal way to fragment and then distribute the blocks to the paths, so that the probability of reconstructing the original information at the destination is maximized. Our algorithm has low time-complexity, which is crucial since the path failure characteristics vary with time and the optimal block distribution has to be recalculated in real-time.
我们提出了一个移动自组织网络(manet)中的多路径路由框架,并对其进行了分析评估。在这种类型的网络中,由于节点的移动和无线传播条件的变化,拓扑结构的不稳定性(例如,链路的故障)使得传输时间敏感信息成为一个具有挑战性的问题。为了对抗这些网络固有的不可靠性,我们提出了一种同时使用多条路径的路由方案,通过在众多路径中拆分信息,从而提高信息的重要部分在目的地接收的概率,而不会产生过多的延迟。我们的方案是通过给每个数据包增加一个开销来工作的,这个开销被计算为原始数据包位的线性函数。生成的数据包(信息和开销)被分割成更小的块,并分布在可用的路径上。我们的目标是,给定路径的失效概率,找到最优的分片方式,然后将块分配到路径上,使在目的地重构原始信息的概率最大化。该算法具有较低的时间复杂度,这一点至关重要,因为路径失效特征随时间而变化,并且需要实时重新计算最优块分布。
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引用次数: 57
The quality of service (QoS) event manager - automated implementation of QoS policies 服务质量(QoS)事件管理器——QoS策略的自动实现
L. Higgins, K. Hsu, G. McDowell, G. Nakamoto, W. Sax
The DoD needs reliable networks to support real-time, mission-critical applications and newer technologies such as IP-based voice and video. Network performance is sometimes reduced to unacceptable levels due to events such as congestion, equipment failure and information-warfare attacks. A popular solution to these problems is to increase available bandwidth within local area networks and across the wide area network. For the DoD, this option is often unavailable, especially for in-theater forces. It has been demonstrated that quality of service (QoS) policies, created with currently available commercial products, can improve the performance of IP-based networks by orders of magnitude. However, different QoS policies are needed to address specific scenarios such as a particular operational mission, a denial-of-service attack or bandwidth saturation. The network administrator must implement the appropriate QoS policy on an as-needed basis. This paper describes a prototype QoS event manager that automates the process of QoS policy implementation. Based on inputs from network monitoring devices, routers and humans, the QoS event manager selects an appropriate QoS policy and deploys it across the network. We discuss the QoS event manager design and consider issues regarding automated prioritization, tracking and deconfliction of QoS policies.
国防部需要可靠的网络来支持实时、关键任务应用和更新的技术,如基于ip的语音和视频。由于拥塞、设备故障和信息战攻击等事件,网络性能有时会降低到不可接受的水平。解决这些问题的一个流行方法是增加局域网和广域网的可用带宽。对于国防部来说,这种选择通常是不可用的,特别是对于战区部队。已经证明,使用当前可用的商业产品创建的服务质量(QoS)策略可以将基于ip的网络的性能提高几个数量级。但是,需要不同的QoS策略来处理特定的场景,例如特定的操作任务、拒绝服务攻击或带宽饱和。网络管理员必须根据需要实现适当的QoS策略。本文描述了一个实现QoS策略实现过程自动化的QoS事件管理器原型。QoS事件管理器根据来自网络监视设备、路由器和人员的输入,选择适当的QoS策略并将其部署到整个网络中。我们讨论了QoS事件管理器的设计,并考虑了有关QoS策略的自动优先级、跟踪和消除冲突的问题。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2001 MILCOM Proceedings Communications for Network-Centric Operations: Creating the Information Force (Cat. No.01CH37277)
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