Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.48130/seedbio-2022-0004
Yu-feng Zhou, Tao Qing, Xiao Shu, Jian-Xiang Liu
Secretory and transmembrane proteins start to synthesize and fold in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). When the balance between protein folding demands and protein folding capability in the ER is broken, a well-conserved process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) is induced to restore protein homeostasis. The grain quality of rice ( Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important crops that feed more than half of the world’s population, is determined by the accumulation of nutritional components, such as seed storage proteins (SSPs) and starches in the grains. Rice SSPs are synthesized in the secretory pathways of endosperms and their biosynthesis is subject to complex regulation. Here, we focus on summarizing recent advances in our understanding of the role of UPR in grain development, especially in SSP biosynthesis in rice, and provide future perspectives on unanswered questions on improving grain quality through modulating UPR in rice.
{"title":"Unfolded protein response and storage product accumulation in rice grains","authors":"Yu-feng Zhou, Tao Qing, Xiao Shu, Jian-Xiang Liu","doi":"10.48130/seedbio-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Secretory and transmembrane proteins start to synthesize and fold in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). When the balance between protein folding demands and protein folding capability in the ER is broken, a well-conserved process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) is induced to restore protein homeostasis. The grain quality of rice ( Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important crops that feed more than half of the world’s population, is determined by the accumulation of nutritional components, such as seed storage proteins (SSPs) and starches in the grains. Rice SSPs are synthesized in the secretory pathways of endosperms and their biosynthesis is subject to complex regulation. Here, we focus on summarizing recent advances in our understanding of the role of UPR in grain development, especially in SSP biosynthesis in rice, and provide future perspectives on unanswered questions on improving grain quality through modulating UPR in rice.","PeriodicalId":137493,"journal":{"name":"Seed Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128317522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.48130/seedbio-2023-0009
Mingyue Zhang, Dexin Kong, Haiyang Wang
Maize ( Zea mays ssp. mays ) is the most productive crop worldwide now, and it is widely used as food, feed and raw materials for various industrial products. The continuous increase of maize yield is a testament of the success of plant breeding and modern agriculture. During domestication and historical breeding, humans has imposed strong selection on its morphological and physiological traits that benefit ecological adaptation, increase in yield and nutritional value, and harvesting. Recent advance in maize functional genomics studies has greatly deepened and expanded our understanding of the molecular and genetic bases of maize domestication and genetic improvement. In this article, we summarize the key traits and regulatory genes that underlie domestication and post-domestication genetic improvement of maize, and provide a forward outlook at how the knowledge can be harnessed to accelerate future maize breeding.
{"title":"Genomic landscape of maize domestication and breeding improvement","authors":"Mingyue Zhang, Dexin Kong, Haiyang Wang","doi":"10.48130/seedbio-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Maize ( Zea mays ssp. mays ) is the most productive crop worldwide now, and it is widely used as food, feed and raw materials for various industrial products. The continuous increase of maize yield is a testament of the success of plant breeding and modern agriculture. During domestication and historical breeding, humans has imposed strong selection on its morphological and physiological traits that benefit ecological adaptation, increase in yield and nutritional value, and harvesting. Recent advance in maize functional genomics studies has greatly deepened and expanded our understanding of the molecular and genetic bases of maize domestication and genetic improvement. In this article, we summarize the key traits and regulatory genes that underlie domestication and post-domestication genetic improvement of maize, and provide a forward outlook at how the knowledge can be harnessed to accelerate future maize breeding.","PeriodicalId":137493,"journal":{"name":"Seed Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126805903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.48130/seedbio-2022-0006
H. Cai, Suzhuo Ma, Han Su, Kaichuang Liu, M. Aslam, Yuan Qin
The female germline specification process of a single megaspore mother cell (MMC) of ovule primordium (nucellus) is intriguingly complex because it involves the interaction of different pathways tightly linked with positional information. Various Arabidopsis genes, including the stem cell promoting factor WUSCHEL, have already been shown to be involved in this precise regulation process. Recently, there have been some reviews on MMC specialization, mainly from the aspects of epigenetics, microRNAs and gene regulatory networks. However, those reviews have not taken into consideration the function of positional signals in female germline specification. Here, we review the major progress in the cell fate control of female germline specification, highlighting the functions of positional cues.
{"title":"Positional signals establishment in the regulation of female germline specification","authors":"H. Cai, Suzhuo Ma, Han Su, Kaichuang Liu, M. Aslam, Yuan Qin","doi":"10.48130/seedbio-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"The female germline specification process of a single megaspore mother cell (MMC) of ovule primordium (nucellus) is intriguingly complex because it involves the interaction of different pathways tightly linked with positional information. Various Arabidopsis genes, including the stem cell promoting factor WUSCHEL, have already been shown to be involved in this precise regulation process. Recently, there have been some reviews on MMC specialization, mainly from the aspects of epigenetics, microRNAs and gene regulatory networks. However, those reviews have not taken into consideration the function of positional signals in female germline specification. Here, we review the major progress in the cell fate control of female germline specification, highlighting the functions of positional cues.","PeriodicalId":137493,"journal":{"name":"Seed Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125978100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.48130/seedbio-2023-0002
Qiyan Liu, Dongfen Han, Shujuan Tian, Jiafa Wang, Man Liu, Li Yuan
{"title":"Fixing hybrid vigor by synthetic apomixis: a dream come true","authors":"Qiyan Liu, Dongfen Han, Shujuan Tian, Jiafa Wang, Man Liu, Li Yuan","doi":"10.48130/seedbio-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137493,"journal":{"name":"Seed Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.48130/seedbio-2023-0010
Shi-Zhen Li, Jing Wang, Shungeng Jia, Kejian Wang, Hong-Ju Li
Apomixis in plants is a widely existing biological phenomenon, in which seeds are formed without egg cell and sperm uniting. Hybrid breeding exploits heterosis to obtain seeds with superior traits. However, segregation of traits in the offspring greatly limits the widespread use of hybrid vigor in agricultural production. Synthetic apomixis is considered a desired way of clonal propagation of heterozygous maternal parents, which bypasses laborious hybrid process. In recent years, with the increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant meiosis and double fertilization, scientists have introduced apomixis to rice and hybrid rice varieties by genetic engineering of genes that are involved in sexual reproduction. In this review article, we will summarize the recent research progresses in the meiosis and double fertilization related to synthetic apomixis and provide perspectives on the potential application of synthetic apomixis in different crops and livestock pastures.
{"title":"Synthetic apomixis: from genetic basis to agricultural application","authors":"Shi-Zhen Li, Jing Wang, Shungeng Jia, Kejian Wang, Hong-Ju Li","doi":"10.48130/seedbio-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/seedbio-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Apomixis in plants is a widely existing biological phenomenon, in which seeds are formed without egg cell and sperm uniting. Hybrid breeding exploits heterosis to obtain seeds with superior traits. However, segregation of traits in the offspring greatly limits the widespread use of hybrid vigor in agricultural production. Synthetic apomixis is considered a desired way of clonal propagation of heterozygous maternal parents, which bypasses laborious hybrid process. In recent years, with the increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant meiosis and double fertilization, scientists have introduced apomixis to rice and hybrid rice varieties by genetic engineering of genes that are involved in sexual reproduction. In this review article, we will summarize the recent research progresses in the meiosis and double fertilization related to synthetic apomixis and provide perspectives on the potential application of synthetic apomixis in different crops and livestock pastures.","PeriodicalId":137493,"journal":{"name":"Seed Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131397911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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