Low back pain is one of the most common and important clinical, social, economic, and public health problems affecting the human population worldwide. The mechanism of radicular pain in the lumbar region is multifactorial but is likely due to mechanical and/or inflammatory factors. The natural history of disc herniation tends to be favourable. The Italian Society for Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and the Italian Society for Spinal Surgery (SICV) guidelines recommend a conservative therapeutic approach. The biological action of medical ozone is still under investigation but some mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain its efficacy in disc herniation treatment: i) reduction of the inflammatory components; ii) hyper-oxygenation of the area of interest; iii) diminishing the size of the herniation; iv) stimulation of the repair process. The primary objective of this pilot study was to compare pain and function scores from patients before and after the treatment with Regenerative Selective Disc. The metrics that were established to define significant improvement were: i) improvement >1.8 on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score; ii) improvement of 1 level or more on the modified Macnab criteria; iii) improvement >15% on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Primary endpoints of this study were changes in the pretreatment and 1 month post treatment VAS, ODI and Macnab scores of the patients. After treatment results show that the patient population’s mean VAS, ODI and modified Macnab scores improved beyond the significant improvement scores. In fact, results showed that the mean patient’s population improvement scores were 2.9 for VAS, 22 for ODI and 1.4 for modified Macnab. Additionally, significant improvements were shown for 87% of the patients for VAS scale (>2.0), 80% of the patients for the ODI scale (>15 points) and 80% patients for the modified Macnab criteria (>1 point).
{"title":"Rational approach, technique and selection criteria for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation with Regenerative Selective Disc therapy","authors":"C. Buscemi, A. Licata","doi":"10.4081/ozone.2019.8378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2019.8378","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain is one of the most common and important clinical, social, economic, and public health problems affecting the human population worldwide. The mechanism of radicular pain in the lumbar region is multifactorial but is likely due to mechanical and/or inflammatory factors. The natural history of disc herniation tends to be favourable. The Italian Society for Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and the Italian Society for Spinal Surgery (SICV) guidelines recommend a conservative therapeutic approach. The biological action of medical ozone is still under investigation but some mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain its efficacy in disc herniation treatment: i) reduction of the inflammatory components; ii) hyper-oxygenation of the area of interest; iii) diminishing the size of the herniation; iv) stimulation of the repair process. The primary objective of this pilot study was to compare pain and function scores from patients before and after the treatment with Regenerative Selective Disc. The metrics that were established to define significant improvement were: i) improvement >1.8 on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score; ii) improvement of 1 level or more on the modified Macnab criteria; iii) improvement >15% on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Primary endpoints of this study were changes in the pretreatment and 1 month post treatment VAS, ODI and Macnab scores of the patients. After treatment results show that the patient population’s mean VAS, ODI and modified Macnab scores improved beyond the significant improvement scores. In fact, results showed that the mean patient’s population improvement scores were 2.9 for VAS, 22 for ODI and 1.4 for modified Macnab. Additionally, significant improvements were shown for 87% of the patients for VAS scale (>2.0), 80% of the patients for the ODI scale (>15 points) and 80% patients for the modified Macnab criteria (>1 point).","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132177531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxygen-ozone therapy is a medical practice validated in the literature by numerous international clinical studies. It has indications in many diseases and complications, alone or in combination with conventional therapies. In this work, a number of international clinical studies have been evaluated and those most relevant to pathologies of daily interest to the general practitioner (GP) have been selected to assess their cost/benefit ratio. It has been concluded that GPs and their patients can derive significant benefits from this medical practice, and GPs are ideally placed to assess which patients should receive this treatment.
{"title":"Oxygen-ozone therapy: an extra weapon for the general practitioners and their patients","authors":"N. Allorto","doi":"10.4081/ozone.2019.8424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2019.8424","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen-ozone therapy is a medical practice validated in the literature by numerous international clinical studies. It has indications in many diseases and complications, alone or in combination with conventional therapies. In this work, a number of international clinical studies have been evaluated and those most relevant to pathologies of daily interest to the general practitioner (GP) have been selected to assess their cost/benefit ratio. It has been concluded that GPs and their patients can derive significant benefits from this medical practice, and GPs are ideally placed to assess which patients should receive this treatment.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132345679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Basile, Magda Cendali, G. Mandelli, Gaetano Fioretto
The gaseous ozone can be effectively stabilized – for topical use – as ozonated oil, an organic analog of ozone, that has the same properties; the tolerability on the ocular surface has been further improved by means a specific formulation, developed for ophthalmic use, based on liposomal sunflower ozonated oil plus hypromellose (Ozodrop®, FB Vision, Ascoli Piceno, Italy), which is extremely biocompatible with the delicate ocular surface tissue. The use of ozone in certain eye anterior segment pathologies could be providential due to its anti-inflammatory and bactericidal activity, in addition to promoting tissue repair properties. Nowadays, the overuse of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases, and the appearance of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, has driven research towards the study of new resistance-free antimicrobial agents. In our experience, this new liposomal ozonated oil formulation was used to promote wound healing and treat some inflammatory and infectious pathologies of the anterior segment, such as vernal conjunctivities, granulomatous conjunctivities, persistent dystrophic corneal ulcer, i.e. diseases necessitating adequate anti-inflammatory and regenerative therapy. In these conditions, a topical dosage of one or two drops of collyrium every 4 h over 3-7 days is generally recommended, even though multiple and frequent instillations are often required to achieve clinical resolution. The use of ozone-based eye drops gave a faster resolution of the inflammatory and/or infectious process, healing of the wounded area, improvement of corneal deepithelization and resolution of the symptomatology (itching, soreness) and clinical sign. In conclusion, from our preliminary results, ozone-based eye drops represent a valid and suitable alternative therapy for the management of external ocular pathologies, both inflammatory and/or infective and traumatic.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of an eye drops solution based on liposomal ozonated oil in different corneal and anterior segment human diseases","authors":"A. Basile, Magda Cendali, G. Mandelli, Gaetano Fioretto","doi":"10.4081/ozone.2019.8377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2019.8377","url":null,"abstract":"The gaseous ozone can be effectively stabilized – for topical use – as ozonated oil, an organic analog of ozone, that has the same properties; the tolerability on the ocular surface has been further improved by means a specific formulation, developed for ophthalmic use, based on liposomal sunflower ozonated oil plus hypromellose (Ozodrop®, FB Vision, Ascoli Piceno, Italy), which is extremely biocompatible with the delicate ocular surface tissue. The use of ozone in certain eye anterior segment pathologies could be providential due to its anti-inflammatory and bactericidal activity, in addition to promoting tissue repair properties. Nowadays, the overuse of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases, and the appearance of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, has driven research towards the study of new resistance-free antimicrobial agents. In our experience, this new liposomal ozonated oil formulation was used to promote wound healing and treat some inflammatory and infectious pathologies of the anterior segment, such as vernal conjunctivities, granulomatous conjunctivities, persistent dystrophic corneal ulcer, i.e. diseases necessitating adequate anti-inflammatory and regenerative therapy. In these conditions, a topical dosage of one or two drops of collyrium every 4 h over 3-7 days is generally recommended, even though multiple and frequent instillations are often required to achieve clinical resolution. The use of ozone-based eye drops gave a faster resolution of the inflammatory and/or infectious process, healing of the wounded area, improvement of corneal deepithelization and resolution of the symptomatology (itching, soreness) and clinical sign. In conclusion, from our preliminary results, ozone-based eye drops represent a valid and suitable alternative therapy for the management of external ocular pathologies, both inflammatory and/or infective and traumatic.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114966990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peripheral arterial disease and secondary amyloidosis account for significant morbidity and mortality among uremic patients. Several papers demonstrated the beneficial effects of ozone therapy in the treatment of vascular and orthopaedic diseases. The aim of this paper is to study these effects among hemodialysed patients with severe complications. Seventy-five hemodialysed patients were studied. Sixty patients suffered from peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Twenty-three of them underwent previous unilateral lower limb amputation (Group 1). Fifteen subjects had remarkable joint pain due to a2-microglobulin deposition (Group 2). All patients were treated with analgesic therapy. The Italian Society for Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) protocols were applied: the patients received major O3 autohemotherapy, subcutaneous ozone infusion and body exposure to oxygen/ozone mixture by bagging. A questionnaire was submitted to the patients at the beginning and at the end of ozone therapy for the individual assessment of treatment efficacy. Complete healing of the ischemic ulcers was obtained in many patients. Eight-eight percent of the patients reported a subjective successful outcome after ozone therapy. Both Group 1 and Group 2 subjects reported a significant decrease in pain perception. The use of analgesic drugs was reduced in 78% of them and 72% got a normal sleep/wake cycle. An enhancement in physical activity was reported by 67% of the subjects. Ozone therapy improves hemodialysed patients’ quality of life reducing bone pain perception and attenuating clinical signs of peripheral vascular disease.
{"title":"Treatment with oxygen-ozone therapy in hemodialysis patients","authors":"G. Bonforte, H. Riva, O. Giannini, B. Balestra","doi":"10.4081/ozone.2019.8376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2019.8376","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral arterial disease and secondary amyloidosis account for significant morbidity and mortality among uremic patients. Several papers demonstrated the beneficial effects of ozone therapy in the treatment of vascular and orthopaedic diseases. The aim of this paper is to study these effects among hemodialysed patients with severe complications. Seventy-five hemodialysed patients were studied. Sixty patients suffered from peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Twenty-three of them underwent previous unilateral lower limb amputation (Group 1). Fifteen subjects had remarkable joint pain due to a2-microglobulin deposition (Group 2). All patients were treated with analgesic therapy. The Italian Society for Oxygen-Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) protocols were applied: the patients received major O3 autohemotherapy, subcutaneous ozone infusion and body exposure to oxygen/ozone mixture by bagging. A questionnaire was submitted to the patients at the beginning and at the end of ozone therapy for the individual assessment of treatment efficacy. Complete healing of the ischemic ulcers was obtained in many patients. Eight-eight percent of the patients reported a subjective successful outcome after ozone therapy. Both Group 1 and Group 2 subjects reported a significant decrease in pain perception. The use of analgesic drugs was reduced in 78% of them and 72% got a normal sleep/wake cycle. An enhancement in physical activity was reported by 67% of the subjects. Ozone therapy improves hemodialysed patients’ quality of life reducing bone pain perception and attenuating clinical signs of peripheral vascular disease.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126416623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxygen-ozone therapy improves the quality of life in patients affected by various diseases. The purpose of this study was to verify and eventually quantify the production of free radicals generated by oxidative stress induced by the ozonated auto-hemoinfusion in subjects subjected to this practice and eventually evaluate and naturally quantify the plasma antioxidant power of the subjects under examination. All subjects showed a significant improvement in the oxidative balance already at the first check, which was maintained (albeit with a minimal non-significant loss) at the end of the study. The results of the study have made it possible to verify that systemic ozonated auto-hemoinfusion not only does not involve further oxidative stress but even exerts an important antioxidant effect, through the scavenger effect of free radicals.
{"title":"Outpatient evaluation of oxidative stress in subjects undergoing systemic oxygen-ozone therapy","authors":"F. Loprete, F. Vaiano, L. Valdenassi","doi":"10.4081/OZONE.2019.8175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/OZONE.2019.8175","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen-ozone therapy improves the quality of life in patients affected by various diseases. The purpose of this study was to verify and eventually quantify the production of free radicals generated by oxidative stress induced by the ozonated auto-hemoinfusion in subjects subjected to this practice and eventually evaluate and naturally quantify the plasma antioxidant power of the subjects under examination. All subjects showed a significant improvement in the oxidative balance already at the first check, which was maintained (albeit with a minimal non-significant loss) at the end of the study. The results of the study have made it possible to verify that systemic ozonated auto-hemoinfusion not only does not involve further oxidative stress but even exerts an important antioxidant effect, through the scavenger effect of free radicals.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121482727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The prevention of surgical site infections is a priority within the objectives of the National Health System. The negative consequences of postoperative infections (morbidity, duration of hospitalization, mortality) are particularly serious events for the individual patient and for the community, given both the welfare resources needed to treat them, and the continued growth of the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. In a global health context in which evidence-based medicine has established itself, all medical interventions must be reconsidered in the light of what can be inferred from the literature evaluated according to strict methodological criteria, all the more so when the evidence is available and unanimously shared. The future objective will be to introduce in the national guidelines a protocol involving the use of ozone therapy alongside antibiotic therapy, both in the prevention and treatment of infections, to avoid the emergence of antibiotic resistance and thus reduce the expenditure of the national health system.
{"title":"Oxygen-ozone therapy in arthroplasty infections","authors":"Alessandra Lisi, M. Franzini, G. Ricevuti","doi":"10.4081/OZONE.2019.8187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/OZONE.2019.8187","url":null,"abstract":"The prevention of surgical site infections is a priority within the objectives of the National Health System. The negative consequences of postoperative infections (morbidity, duration of hospitalization, mortality) are particularly serious events for the individual patient and for the community, given both the welfare resources needed to treat them, and the continued growth of the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. In a global health context in which evidence-based medicine has established itself, all medical interventions must be reconsidered in the light of what can be inferred from the literature evaluated according to strict methodological criteria, all the more so when the evidence is available and unanimously shared. The future objective will be to introduce in the national guidelines a protocol involving the use of ozone therapy alongside antibiotic therapy, both in the prevention and treatment of infections, to avoid the emergence of antibiotic resistance and thus reduce the expenditure of the national health system.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"468 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127111480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our study was born from the observation of a clinical case of a boy who arrived in the Emergency Room of our hospital for persistent hyperpyrexia, headache and prolonged emetic episodes and complaining of objective photophobia and dizziness. The patient underwent haematochemical tests, chemical-physical examination of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), negative for bacteria, negative for Neisseria Meningitidis, Escherichia Coli 121, Haemophilus Influenzae, Stafilococcus Pneumoniae, Stafilococcus Agalactiae and with slightly positive reaction to Pandy’s test; he was subjected to neurological examination, to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of the brain and encephalic trunk with contrast agent which resulted negative, and to EEG that showed a slightly slowed-down brain electrical activity, in right occipital region, and frontal irritative abnormalities. Given these clinical and instrumental investigations, an acute meningoencephalitis was diagnosed. During his hospitalization, the patient was treated with intravenous antibiotic therapy and intravenous antiviral therapy for 12 days. At discharge, in the absence of specific therapy, and considering the protraction of the cephalic, dizzying, asthenic and myalgic symptoms and in relation to hematochemical and serological tests (positive for antibodies to Herpes 1 IgG), Epstein Barr Virus antibodies (positive for Viral Capsid Antigen IgG and IgGE BNA, for Extractable Nuclear Antigen and IgG Cytomegalovirus) he was diagnosed a Post-infectious CFS. The patient was treated with Oxygen Ozone Rectal Insufflative Therapy on a bi-weekly basis for 4 weeks, associated with Micetrin, a dietary supplement with sweetener based on Vitamin C, Shitake, Reishi, Maitake, Cordyceps, Magnesium and SOD, continued the treatment on a weekly basis for a further 4 weeks until the complete remission of the symptoms of asthenic, neurological and clinical parameters.
{"title":"Oxygen-ozone therapy in meningoencephalitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Treatment in the field of competitive sports: case report","authors":"L. Morelli, S. Bramani, F. Morelli","doi":"10.4081/OZONE.2019.8176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/OZONE.2019.8176","url":null,"abstract":"Our study was born from the observation of a clinical case of a boy who arrived in the Emergency Room of our hospital for persistent hyperpyrexia, headache and prolonged emetic episodes and complaining of objective photophobia and dizziness. The patient underwent haematochemical tests, chemical-physical examination of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), negative for bacteria, negative for Neisseria Meningitidis, Escherichia Coli 121, Haemophilus Influenzae, Stafilococcus Pneumoniae, Stafilococcus Agalactiae and with slightly positive reaction to Pandy’s test; he was subjected to neurological examination, to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of the brain and encephalic trunk with contrast agent which resulted negative, and to EEG that showed a slightly slowed-down brain electrical activity, in right occipital region, and frontal irritative abnormalities. Given these clinical and instrumental investigations, an acute meningoencephalitis was diagnosed. During his hospitalization, the patient was treated with intravenous antibiotic therapy and intravenous antiviral therapy for 12 days. At discharge, in the absence of specific therapy, and considering the protraction of the cephalic, dizzying, asthenic and myalgic symptoms and in relation to hematochemical and serological tests (positive for antibodies to Herpes 1 IgG), Epstein Barr Virus antibodies (positive for Viral Capsid Antigen IgG and IgGE BNA, for Extractable Nuclear Antigen and IgG Cytomegalovirus) he was diagnosed a Post-infectious CFS. The patient was treated with Oxygen Ozone Rectal Insufflative Therapy on a bi-weekly basis for 4 weeks, associated with Micetrin, a dietary supplement with sweetener based on Vitamin C, Shitake, Reishi, Maitake, Cordyceps, Magnesium and SOD, continued the treatment on a weekly basis for a further 4 weeks until the complete remission of the symptoms of asthenic, neurological and clinical parameters.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"61 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126615602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ozone (O3) is a bluish-coloured gas with a characteristic odour that forms in the layers of the atmosphere, near electric shocks, sparks or lightning; the extremely high voltages reached during thunderstorms produce ozone from oxygen. The particular fresh, clean odour, the smell of spring rain is the result of the ozone reproduced by nature. Ozone comes from the Greek word ozein, which means to sense the odour of. Ozone is an essential gas for life on Earth, allowing the absorption of ultraviolet light emanating from the Sun; in fact, the ozone layer in the stratosphere protects against the harmful action of UV-B ultraviolet rays. The gas, not being stable over the long term, is therefore not produced in cylinders; it can currently be prepared through special, certified and authorised devices, which use small electric discharges to convert the oxygen into ozone. It is a molecule formed by three oxygen atoms (O3), with a negative electric charge. It has a short half-life, and will therefore decay after a certain time back to its original form: oxygen. Essentially ozone is nothing but oxygen (O2) with an extra oxygen atom, which has a high electrical charge. Ozone works according to the principle of oxidation. The oxidation mechanism follows two paths: i) Direct: contact of the molecule with the contaminant; ii) Indirect: the ozone decomposes into hydroxyl radicals, more powerful but short-lived. Both reactions occur simultaneously. When the static charged ozone molecule (O3) comes into contact with something capable of oxidising, the ozone molecule’s charge flows directly over it. This happens because ozone is very unstable and tends to change back into its original form (O2). Ozone can oxidise with all kinds of materials, but also with odours and microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. The supplemental oxygen atom is released from the ozone molecule and binds to the other material. In the end, only the pure and stable oxygen molecule remains. Ozone is one of the strongest oxidation techniques available for oxidising solutes. The supplemental/added oxygen atom will bind (=oxidation) in a second to each component that comes into contact with ozone. It is used for a wide range of purification processes. It can be employed for disinfection in municipal wastewater and in drinking water treatment plants. However, ozone is increasingly used in the industrial sector. In the food industry, for example, it is used for disinfection, and in the textile and paper industry it is used to oxidise wastewater. The main benefit of ozone is its clean nature, because it only oxidises the materials, barely forming any by-products. Since ozone has a strong characteristic distinctive odour, even very low concentrations can be quickly perceived. This generally makes it safe to work with. Since Chlorine is still the best-known oxidising and disinfectant agent, ozone is often compared with chlorine. Unlike chlorine, antibiotics or various chlorine derivatives t
{"title":"Use of ozone in water, agriculture and zootechnics: relationships between dysbiosis and mental disorders","authors":"G. Vitali, L. Valdenassi","doi":"10.4081/OZONE.2019.8182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/OZONE.2019.8182","url":null,"abstract":"Ozone (O3) is a bluish-coloured gas with a characteristic odour that forms in the layers of the atmosphere, near electric shocks, sparks or lightning; the extremely high voltages reached during thunderstorms produce ozone from oxygen. The particular fresh, clean odour, the smell of spring rain is the result of the ozone reproduced by nature. Ozone comes from the Greek word ozein, which means to sense the odour of. Ozone is an essential gas for life on Earth, allowing the absorption of ultraviolet light emanating from the Sun; in fact, the ozone layer in the stratosphere protects against the harmful action of UV-B ultraviolet rays. The gas, not being stable over the long term, is therefore not produced in cylinders; it can currently be prepared through special, certified and authorised devices, which use small electric discharges to convert the oxygen into ozone. It is a molecule formed by three oxygen atoms (O3), with a negative electric charge. It has a short half-life, and will therefore decay after a certain time back to its original form: oxygen. Essentially ozone is nothing but oxygen (O2) with an extra oxygen atom, which has a high electrical charge. Ozone works according to the principle of oxidation. The oxidation mechanism follows two paths: i) Direct: contact of the molecule with the contaminant; ii) Indirect: the ozone decomposes into hydroxyl radicals, more powerful but short-lived. Both reactions occur simultaneously. When the static charged ozone molecule (O3) comes into contact with something capable of oxidising, the ozone molecule’s charge flows directly over it. This happens because ozone is very unstable and tends to change back into its original form (O2). Ozone can oxidise with all kinds of materials, but also with odours and microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. The supplemental oxygen atom is released from the ozone molecule and binds to the other material. In the end, only the pure and stable oxygen molecule remains. Ozone is one of the strongest oxidation techniques available for oxidising solutes. The supplemental/added oxygen atom will bind (=oxidation) in a second to each component that comes into contact with ozone. It is used for a wide range of purification processes. It can be employed for disinfection in municipal wastewater and in drinking water treatment plants. However, ozone is increasingly used in the industrial sector. In the food industry, for example, it is used for disinfection, and in the textile and paper industry it is used to oxidise wastewater. The main benefit of ozone is its clean nature, because it only oxidises the materials, barely forming any by-products. Since ozone has a strong characteristic distinctive odour, even very low concentrations can be quickly perceived. This generally makes it safe to work with. Since Chlorine is still the best-known oxidising and disinfectant agent, ozone is often compared with chlorine. Unlike chlorine, antibiotics or various chlorine derivatives t","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129564981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Starting from 2012, the dental research community began to assess the benefits of oxygen-ozone on human metabolism, for its immune-stimulant and anti-hypoxic action, the increase in protein biosynthesis and activation of angiogenesis. We report the case of a 69-year-old patient, for whom oxygenozone therapy was used as a treatment that could reduce the bone resorption of the alveolar ridges, considering the reduced state of hypoxia resulting therefrom, the improved neoangiogenesis and the positive effect on bone metabolism. The results exceeded our greatest expectations, given that the measurements even showed an increase in bone peaks.
{"title":"Oxygen-ozone therapy in dentistry: current applications and future prospects","authors":"A. Pulga","doi":"10.4081/OZONE.2018.7968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/OZONE.2018.7968","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from 2012, the dental research community began to assess the benefits of oxygen-ozone on human metabolism, for its immune-stimulant and anti-hypoxic action, the increase in protein biosynthesis and activation of angiogenesis. We report the case of a 69-year-old patient, for whom oxygenozone therapy was used as a treatment that could reduce the bone resorption of the alveolar ridges, considering the reduced state of hypoxia resulting therefrom, the improved neoangiogenesis and the positive effect on bone metabolism. The results exceeded our greatest expectations, given that the measurements even showed an increase in bone peaks.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131951745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a disesthetic and/or anesthetic syndrome in the distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. It is a compressive or traumatic mononeuropathy, characterized by burning pain and/or discomfort in the anterolateral thigh, without motor or muscle strength changes, with preserved reflexes. The authors report the case of a 52-year-old male with a history of low back pain presented from two-year sensory dysesthesias and paresthesias in the right anterolateral thigh, consistent with meralgia paresthetica; they also describe the first reported use of O2-O3 therapy to relieve the intractable pain associated with MP.
{"title":"Effects of oxygen-ozone therapy in the Roth syndrome: a case report","authors":"A. Romeo, C. Baiano, M. Chierchia, F. Scandone","doi":"10.4081/ozone.2018.7970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2018.7970","url":null,"abstract":"Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a disesthetic and/or anesthetic syndrome in the distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. It is a compressive or traumatic mononeuropathy, characterized by burning pain and/or discomfort in the anterolateral thigh, without motor or muscle strength changes, with preserved reflexes. The authors report the case of a 52-year-old male with a history of low back pain presented from two-year sensory dysesthesias and paresthesias in the right anterolateral thigh, consistent with meralgia paresthetica; they also describe the first reported use of O2-O3 therapy to relieve the intractable pain associated with MP.","PeriodicalId":137514,"journal":{"name":"Ozone Therapy","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122595219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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