IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies最新文献
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547883
J. Salmi
The objective of this study was to find whether the use of IT has given any economical advantage in municipal administration and service production in Finland. The study was concentrated on the development of personnel costs that, on the one hand, is the largest cost group in municipal administration and, on the other hand, may bring the largest economic benefits through the use of IT. The research material consisted of a wide range of reports on IT investments and use, and was collected from Finnish cities during 1980s. Financial investment in each city was proportioned to the operational costs and the number of users was proportioned to all personnel. Averages and growth rates for the whole of the 1980s were calculated using the material. Information about the status of cross section year 1990 was also used. Annual change indices were calculated for several years to describe the development of personnel costs in each city. The amount of costs in marks were proportioned both to the total amount of operation costs and population of the cities. The economic collapse that took place in the turn of 1980s and 1990s allowed the change indices to be divided into two natural groups: 1987-1990 and 1990-1992. On the basis of the tests it can be seen that there is no close connection between financial investments and growth of personnel costs. However, a clear connection exists between the extent of the use of IT and the reduction in the growth rate of personnel costs. The bigger the share of personnel with the opportunity to use IT, the more it is possible to reduce the growth of personnel costs.
{"title":"Economic benefits in using electronic data processing in the administration and services in the Finnish cities","authors":"J. Salmi","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547883","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to find whether the use of IT has given any economical advantage in municipal administration and service production in Finland. The study was concentrated on the development of personnel costs that, on the one hand, is the largest cost group in municipal administration and, on the other hand, may bring the largest economic benefits through the use of IT. The research material consisted of a wide range of reports on IT investments and use, and was collected from Finnish cities during 1980s. Financial investment in each city was proportioned to the operational costs and the number of users was proportioned to all personnel. Averages and growth rates for the whole of the 1980s were calculated using the material. Information about the status of cross section year 1990 was also used. Annual change indices were calculated for several years to describe the development of personnel costs in each city. The amount of costs in marks were proportioned both to the total amount of operation costs and population of the cities. The economic collapse that took place in the turn of 1980s and 1990s allowed the change indices to be divided into two natural groups: 1987-1990 and 1990-1992. On the basis of the tests it can be seen that there is no close connection between financial investments and growth of personnel costs. However, a clear connection exists between the extent of the use of IT and the reduction in the growth rate of personnel costs. The bigger the share of personnel with the opportunity to use IT, the more it is possible to reduce the growth of personnel costs.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127574567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547798
H. Farsijani, A. Canuthers
The range of techniques associated with competitive manufacturing has expanded rapidly since the inception of MRP in the 1960s. Schonberger (1986) integrated these techniques in to the generic term world class manufacturing (WCM). The range and sophistication of these techniques places WCM status beyond the aspirations and competence of many small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The paper explores how the concept of WCM can be made relevant to SMEs, through the example of two case studies based on small to medium sized manufacturing companies experiencing both rapid growth and increasing international competition.
{"title":"World class manufacturing: techniques for implementation for small and medium sized enterprises","authors":"H. Farsijani, A. Canuthers","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547798","url":null,"abstract":"The range of techniques associated with competitive manufacturing has expanded rapidly since the inception of MRP in the 1960s. Schonberger (1986) integrated these techniques in to the generic term world class manufacturing (WCM). The range and sophistication of these techniques places WCM status beyond the aspirations and competence of many small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The paper explores how the concept of WCM can be made relevant to SMEs, through the example of two case studies based on small to medium sized manufacturing companies experiencing both rapid growth and increasing international competition.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133636447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547862
L. Peters
While there is recognition that technological advance is at the heart of the ability to introduce discontinuous innovation, most studies have not directly addressed the scope or characteristics of the technological contribution, or the management of the sources of the technological contribution. This paper focuses on identifying sources of discontinuous innovation, particularly with respect to internal and external technical alliances and how to manage the formation and productivity of technology partnerships. The initial findings of our study highlight the importance of virtual R&D organization for discontinuous innovation. A working model of virtuous virtual R&D for discontinuous innovation is presented.
{"title":"The virtual enterprise and the sources of technology in discontinuous innovation","authors":"L. Peters","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547862","url":null,"abstract":"While there is recognition that technological advance is at the heart of the ability to introduce discontinuous innovation, most studies have not directly addressed the scope or characteristics of the technological contribution, or the management of the sources of the technological contribution. This paper focuses on identifying sources of discontinuous innovation, particularly with respect to internal and external technical alliances and how to manage the formation and productivity of technology partnerships. The initial findings of our study highlight the importance of virtual R&D organization for discontinuous innovation. A working model of virtuous virtual R&D for discontinuous innovation is presented.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117122570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547905
S. Walsh, C. McDermott, R. Boylan
The purpose of this paper is to describe the different manufacturing acquisition strategies adopted by firms in the semiconductor silicon industry and to highlight potential strengths and weaknesses of these strategies. The industry leaders have followed different approaches for the development of their manufacturing capabilities. Some firms developed new production technology internally, others added "living" technology by acquiring existing firms, or through joint ventures. Other firms improved technological capabilities by adding "static" technology through the purchase of licensees, processes, or equipment. Preliminary evidence suggests that successful firms increased technological capabilities through all three avenues mentioned above. The evidence also suggests a link between the core capabilities perspective on strategy and the technological acquisition strategy utilized by the successful firms.
{"title":"Linking manufacturing acquisition strategies with firm success: evidence from the semiconductor silicon industry","authors":"S. Walsh, C. McDermott, R. Boylan","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547905","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to describe the different manufacturing acquisition strategies adopted by firms in the semiconductor silicon industry and to highlight potential strengths and weaknesses of these strategies. The industry leaders have followed different approaches for the development of their manufacturing capabilities. Some firms developed new production technology internally, others added \"living\" technology by acquiring existing firms, or through joint ventures. Other firms improved technological capabilities by adding \"static\" technology through the purchase of licensees, processes, or equipment. Preliminary evidence suggests that successful firms increased technological capabilities through all three avenues mentioned above. The evidence also suggests a link between the core capabilities perspective on strategy and the technological acquisition strategy utilized by the successful firms.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125876324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547891
A. W. Small, E. Downey
Accelerating changes in all dimensions of enterprises and their environments present opportunities and challenges. Business environment changes require internal changes that differ in breadth (business unit to virtual enterprise), in range of subject matter (strategy, culture, services, process, information, technologies, organization, etc.), in magnitude (incremental improvement to transformation), and in time frame (immediate to long-term). Competitive advantage accrues when multiple internal changes of varied type and scope are managed concurrently and coherently. The paper proposes an integrated management framework for orchestrating multiple changes.
{"title":"Orchestrating multiple changes: a framework for managing concurrent changes of varied type and scope","authors":"A. W. Small, E. Downey","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547891","url":null,"abstract":"Accelerating changes in all dimensions of enterprises and their environments present opportunities and challenges. Business environment changes require internal changes that differ in breadth (business unit to virtual enterprise), in range of subject matter (strategy, culture, services, process, information, technologies, organization, etc.), in magnitude (incremental improvement to transformation), and in time frame (immediate to long-term). Competitive advantage accrues when multiple internal changes of varied type and scope are managed concurrently and coherently. The paper proposes an integrated management framework for orchestrating multiple changes.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125940848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547836
Xin Liu
The intention of the paper is to develop a system model and to propose a virtual environment or a team working coordination system (VTWCs) for the computer supported design coordination (DC) towards managing a project and multidisciplinary design teams. To this end, the paper develops a structure of DC which can be used for modelling an appropriate computer support environment. Based on this framework, a virtual system called VTWCs is designed as a computer system for project management support. The system can be seen to act as assistant for the project manager, where the communication and coordination is achieved through a common communication space.
{"title":"Structuring a virtual team working coordination system (Vtwcs) in the management of projects","authors":"Xin Liu","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547836","url":null,"abstract":"The intention of the paper is to develop a system model and to propose a virtual environment or a team working coordination system (VTWCs) for the computer supported design coordination (DC) towards managing a project and multidisciplinary design teams. To this end, the paper develops a structure of DC which can be used for modelling an appropriate computer support environment. Based on this framework, a virtual system called VTWCs is designed as a computer system for project management support. The system can be seen to act as assistant for the project manager, where the communication and coordination is achieved through a common communication space.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129457273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547881
M. J. Safoutin, Robert P. Smith
Iteration is a common thread that runs through most definitions of the design process. In spite of its importance, it lacks precise definition. Iteration exists in many varieties that play different roles in design. Efforts to improve design by manipulating iteration, or to develop automated methodologies that include iteration, should be preceded by an understanding of iteration and its role in the design transformation. This paper develops a classification of design iteration based on observations of existing design practice and common approaches to automated design methodologies. This classification suggests directions for future research in design automation and modeling.
{"title":"The iterative component of design","authors":"M. J. Safoutin, Robert P. Smith","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547881","url":null,"abstract":"Iteration is a common thread that runs through most definitions of the design process. In spite of its importance, it lacks precise definition. Iteration exists in many varieties that play different roles in design. Efforts to improve design by manipulating iteration, or to develop automated methodologies that include iteration, should be preceded by an understanding of iteration and its role in the design transformation. This paper develops a classification of design iteration based on observations of existing design practice and common approaches to automated design methodologies. This classification suggests directions for future research in design automation and modeling.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128341814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547837
L. C. Ljungman
The paper reports findings from ongoing research and propose an outline for structuring early requirements for product development, supporting decision making. Organizations have to find ways to monitor changing market demands in new ways, interpret and translate those demands into company language and funnel them through an efficient decision process.
{"title":"Decision support re product development","authors":"L. C. Ljungman","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547837","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports findings from ongoing research and propose an outline for structuring early requirements for product development, supporting decision making. Organizations have to find ways to monitor changing market demands in new ways, interpret and translate those demands into company language and funnel them through an efficient decision process.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128375077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547799
J. Center, J. Thompsen
Optimizing the performance of a virtual enterprise requires the creation and application of a unique framework and set of tools that serve the confluence of both technological and social aspects of the new business imperative. The authors present a composite of complex challenges to the virtual enterprise, a range of alternatives that respond to those challenges, and deeper exploration of a leading edge framework and its attributes. Also, a toolbox approach is used to describe the practical application of the proposed framework.
{"title":"The virtual enterprise framework and toolbox","authors":"J. Center, J. Thompsen","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547799","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing the performance of a virtual enterprise requires the creation and application of a unique framework and set of tools that serve the confluence of both technological and social aspects of the new business imperative. The authors present a composite of complex challenges to the virtual enterprise, a range of alternatives that respond to those challenges, and deeper exploration of a leading edge framework and its attributes. Also, a toolbox approach is used to describe the practical application of the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128630922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547841
H.M. Shih, L. C. Shih, See Kwok
The authors propose an information system to support the building and implementation of house of quality in the companies. The system provides: (a) a general guide to build house of quality step by step; (b) a user friendly interface for each step; (c) a data storage and retrieval system throughout the process; (d) a data repository for future house of quality developments. The system contains also an analytic hierarchy process-based procedure to support the prioritization of customer attributes. The proposed features and a prototype of the system are presented.
{"title":"Information system support for house of quality","authors":"H.M. Shih, L. C. Shih, See Kwok","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547841","url":null,"abstract":"The authors propose an information system to support the building and implementation of house of quality in the companies. The system provides: (a) a general guide to build house of quality step by step; (b) a user friendly interface for each step; (c) a data storage and retrieval system throughout the process; (d) a data repository for future house of quality developments. The system contains also an analytic hierarchy process-based procedure to support the prioritization of customer attributes. The proposed features and a prototype of the system are presented.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130491583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies
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