IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies最新文献
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547910
S. Willms, E. Morse, M. Spring
The development of information technology standards is slow and expensive. Spring et al. (1994) suggested electronic document development tools for improving the process. CASCADE, a system developed at the University of Pittsburgh, supports collaborative authoring. CASCADE was tested in a review of comments made on a mock ballot of POSIX 1003.21 to determine the reliability and accuracy of a parser for mail delivered comments and to gather preliminary usability data. Asynchronous electronic commenting and comment review can improve both the quality and speed of standards development.
{"title":"System design for an integrated document system and its impact on standards development efficiency","authors":"S. Willms, E. Morse, M. Spring","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547910","url":null,"abstract":"The development of information technology standards is slow and expensive. Spring et al. (1994) suggested electronic document development tools for improving the process. CASCADE, a system developed at the University of Pittsburgh, supports collaborative authoring. CASCADE was tested in a review of comments made on a mock ballot of POSIX 1003.21 to determine the reliability and accuracy of a parser for mail delivered comments and to gather preliminary usability data. Asynchronous electronic commenting and comment review can improve both the quality and speed of standards development.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125683471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547908
D. J. Wells, S. Willett
Several factors influence business policy, performance, and strategy: (1) organizations are flatter, (2) margins are reduced, (3) employees are more expensive to replace, and (4) competition is increased with the globalization of markets. The result is that firms must be effective and efficient in their operations and decision processes. To do this they are best served by optimizing, to every extent possible, the abilities of their employees to contribute, and their organization's ability to compete successfully.
{"title":"Regarding virtual growth","authors":"D. J. Wells, S. Willett","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547908","url":null,"abstract":"Several factors influence business policy, performance, and strategy: (1) organizations are flatter, (2) margins are reduced, (3) employees are more expensive to replace, and (4) competition is increased with the globalization of markets. The result is that firms must be effective and efficient in their operations and decision processes. To do this they are best served by optimizing, to every extent possible, the abilities of their employees to contribute, and their organization's ability to compete successfully.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123430840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547870
T. G. Rauscher
Executives at many companies have recognized the importance of improving the time their firms require to deliver new products to market. Often they address the problem by enhancing the product development process to yield faster time to market. While this approach may yield some improvements, executives can achieve significantly better results by examining the underlying architecture of the organization which effects the product development process. We examine the theory and the practice of this idea. After describing the concept of organization architecture, we examine the role of the organization in the time to market aspects of product development. We then apply the fundamental organization tenets to the activities of a product development team. To illustrate the effectiveness of this approach, we describe a new multifunction digital systems product of moderate complexity (over 300 K lines of software) and the organization activities used in its development. The results show a dramatic increase in productivity; the product was delivered to the market in less than half the benchmark time. We conclude with a description of the role of management in organizing a firm for rapid time to market.
{"title":"The effect of organization architecture on new product development","authors":"T. G. Rauscher","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547870","url":null,"abstract":"Executives at many companies have recognized the importance of improving the time their firms require to deliver new products to market. Often they address the problem by enhancing the product development process to yield faster time to market. While this approach may yield some improvements, executives can achieve significantly better results by examining the underlying architecture of the organization which effects the product development process. We examine the theory and the practice of this idea. After describing the concept of organization architecture, we examine the role of the organization in the time to market aspects of product development. We then apply the fundamental organization tenets to the activities of a product development team. To illustrate the effectiveness of this approach, we describe a new multifunction digital systems product of moderate complexity (over 300 K lines of software) and the organization activities used in its development. The results show a dramatic increase in productivity; the product was delivered to the market in less than half the benchmark time. We conclude with a description of the role of management in organizing a firm for rapid time to market.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126549511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547806
R. M. Franza, C. Gaimon
For firms competing in markets characterized by short life cycles, quick changeover of manufacturing processes from one product generation to the next is critical. Longer changeovers delay a firm's market entry. As a firms's market entry time is delayed, its opportunity to accumulate demand is diminished. The extent to which demand is lost reflects the market entry time of the firm's competitor. A model is introduced to explicitly examine the effect of uncertainty associated with a competitor's market entry time on both manufacturing and marketing strategies. The firm's objective is to maximize expected profit obtained from a series of high volume products manufactured on a single facility.
{"title":"Investment in facility flexibility under uncertain competitor market entry","authors":"R. M. Franza, C. Gaimon","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547806","url":null,"abstract":"For firms competing in markets characterized by short life cycles, quick changeover of manufacturing processes from one product generation to the next is critical. Longer changeovers delay a firm's market entry. As a firms's market entry time is delayed, its opportunity to accumulate demand is diminished. The extent to which demand is lost reflects the market entry time of the firm's competitor. A model is introduced to explicitly examine the effect of uncertainty associated with a competitor's market entry time on both manufacturing and marketing strategies. The firm's objective is to maximize expected profit obtained from a series of high volume products manufactured on a single facility.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121926426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547853
B. Nault, A. Dexter
The authors have found that information technology allows the creation of virtual enterprises-thereby enabling new forms of organization. The paper addresses the problem where expertise about customers and physical assets are separate. Traditional organizations couple these two aspects, often overlooking the contribution externalities make to incentives. They describe how IT-enabled affiliations can employ the externalities to improve incentives and become more profitable.
{"title":"IT-enabled affiliations as organizational forms","authors":"B. Nault, A. Dexter","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547853","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have found that information technology allows the creation of virtual enterprises-thereby enabling new forms of organization. The paper addresses the problem where expertise about customers and physical assets are separate. Traditional organizations couple these two aspects, often overlooking the contribution externalities make to incentives. They describe how IT-enabled affiliations can employ the externalities to improve incentives and become more profitable.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116590601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547800
H., M. Chung, hmchung Bcsulb
Electronic business transactions (EBT) are the interorganizational exchange of business data and monetary transactions in a standard format. This study explores control issues to facilitate secure business transactions in the banking industry. The paper details the risks and analyzes them.
{"title":"Control of electronic business transactions (EBT) in the banking industry","authors":"H., M. Chung, hmchung Bcsulb","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547800","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic business transactions (EBT) are the interorganizational exchange of business data and monetary transactions in a standard format. This study explores control issues to facilitate secure business transactions in the banking industry. The paper details the risks and analyzes them.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123059596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547906
X.B. Wane, P. Kilduff
This paper attempts to give an insight and overviews of the major problems and key issues involved in enhancing the product design processes. It argues that in order to truly make the product development process more productive then the emphasis should be placed upon effective teamworking organisation. For this purpose, a TeamWorking Coordination (TWC) system is proposed as the basis upon which to realise this aim by providing support to particular aspects of product design and processes management, namely: Concurrent Engineering, Decision Support, Design Management, Product Management, and Team Engineering.
{"title":"Ensuring competitive product design with TeamWorking Coordination","authors":"X.B. Wane, P. Kilduff","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547906","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to give an insight and overviews of the major problems and key issues involved in enhancing the product design processes. It argues that in order to truly make the product development process more productive then the emphasis should be placed upon effective teamworking organisation. For this purpose, a TeamWorking Coordination (TWC) system is proposed as the basis upon which to realise this aim by providing support to particular aspects of product design and processes management, namely: Concurrent Engineering, Decision Support, Design Management, Product Management, and Team Engineering.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123596873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547900
L. Thurlings
The conventional way of presenting an organisation's structure is by means of an organogram, which primarily shows the hierarchy, the functional arrangement and management control within the organisation. However, where it is necessary to visualise the interrelationships between organisational units, particularly the interconnections arising from the supply processes and the innovation processes, organograms are not adequate. The model described in this publication does offer this capability and is therefore eminently suitable for visualising the organisational implications of say, centralisation versus decentralisation, concurrent engineering, technology push, etc.
{"title":"The landscape of innovation and supply: a graphical model for visualising the interrelationship between the innovation functions and the supply chain","authors":"L. Thurlings","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547900","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional way of presenting an organisation's structure is by means of an organogram, which primarily shows the hierarchy, the functional arrangement and management control within the organisation. However, where it is necessary to visualise the interrelationships between organisational units, particularly the interconnections arising from the supply processes and the innovation processes, organograms are not adequate. The model described in this publication does offer this capability and is therefore eminently suitable for visualising the organisational implications of say, centralisation versus decentralisation, concurrent engineering, technology push, etc.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129116869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547814
M. Hacker, B. Kleiner
Virtual teams are an increasingly frequent response to the new competitive environment. Technological advances and global competition have moved virtual teaming from the "good idea" stage to a critical strategy for many organizations. Our understanding of critical factors relative to virtual teams is limited as very few studies have been completed. Virtual teams are characterized as having high social complexity. Jointly optimizing the social and the technical organizational subsystems has been demonstrated by sociotechnical theory to improve overall performance. Consequently, technical system interventions may improve the virtual team's ability to leverage its social system complexity. This paper explores a sociotechnical approach to investigating technical system interventions to enhance virtual team performance.
{"title":"Identifying critical factors impacting virtual work group performance","authors":"M. Hacker, B. Kleiner","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547814","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual teams are an increasingly frequent response to the new competitive environment. Technological advances and global competition have moved virtual teaming from the \"good idea\" stage to a critical strategy for many organizations. Our understanding of critical factors relative to virtual teams is limited as very few studies have been completed. Virtual teams are characterized as having high social complexity. Jointly optimizing the social and the technical organizational subsystems has been demonstrated by sociotechnical theory to improve overall performance. Consequently, technical system interventions may improve the virtual team's ability to leverage its social system complexity. This paper explores a sociotechnical approach to investigating technical system interventions to enhance virtual team performance.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116020394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-18DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547869
B. Rao
Alliances and other types of inter-firm relationships facilitate knowledge transfer and generate innovation that is fast and relatively inexpensive-factors that can often spell the difference between successful products and also-rans in the marketplace. In this paper, we argue that alliances need to be conceptualized as meta-organizations that transcend the structures and operational elements of traditional organizations. The implications of strategically managing such innovation in contexts of competition and collaboration, and measuring the results of such management are discussed.
{"title":"Collaboration in meta-organizations: research issues and challenges","authors":"B. Rao","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1996.547869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1996.547869","url":null,"abstract":"Alliances and other types of inter-firm relationships facilitate knowledge transfer and generate innovation that is fast and relatively inexpensive-factors that can often spell the difference between successful products and also-rans in the marketplace. In this paper, we argue that alliances need to be conceptualized as meta-organizations that transcend the structures and operational elements of traditional organizations. The implications of strategically managing such innovation in contexts of competition and collaboration, and measuring the results of such management are discussed.","PeriodicalId":138196,"journal":{"name":"IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123787159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IEMC 96 Proceedings. International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management. Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies
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