INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019最新文献

{"title":"Modified teaching learning based optimization for maximization of MRR in wire-cut EDM of Ti6Al4V alloy for sustainable production","authors":"D. Devarasiddappa, M. Chandrasekaran, M. Ravikumar, M. Thirugnanasambandam","doi":"10.1063/1.5117969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117969","url":null,"abstract":"Wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has emerged as prominent advanced machining process to machine electrically conductive difficult-to-machine materials to any intricate shape and size. Amongst Ti-alloys, Ti6Al4V is extensively used in diverse engineering applications and is popularly researched. In this work, maximization of material removal rate (MRR) is addressed as economic aspect of sustainable production during WEDM of Ti6Al4V alloy employing modified teaching-learning based optimization (M-TLBO) algorithm. A novel method for fitness curve fitting is illustrated to obtain global optima for maximization of MRR. Taguchi L16 OA is employed to perform WEDM experiments. It is observed that MRR at optimal cutting conditions improved by 27.51% as compared to its initial maximum value. The fitness curve constructed in the optimal search domain resulted in smooth U-shape curve. ANOVA result showed that current (56.58%) and pulse-off-time (23.57%) are highly dominant process parameters influencing MRR followed by pulse on time (11.66%) and wire speed (7.20%). Machined surface morphology is studied using SEM images. The proposed M-TLBO algorithm is found highly accurate and consistent during several runs conducted and converged faster taking less than ten iterations. Also, proposed novel approach for fitness curve fitting can be effectively applied in any optimization problem.Wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has emerged as prominent advanced machining process to machine electrically conductive difficult-to-machine materials to any intricate shape and size. Amongst Ti-alloys, Ti6Al4V is extensively used in diverse engineering applications and is popularly researched. In this work, maximization of material removal rate (MRR) is addressed as economic aspect of sustainable production during WEDM of Ti6Al4V alloy employing modified teaching-learning based optimization (M-TLBO) algorithm. A novel method for fitness curve fitting is illustrated to obtain global optima for maximization of MRR. Taguchi L16 OA is employed to perform WEDM experiments. It is observed that MRR at optimal cutting conditions improved by 27.51% as compared to its initial maximum value. The fitness curve constructed in the optimal search domain resulted in smooth U-shape curve. ANOVA result showed that current (56.58%) and pulse-off-time (23.57%) are highly dominant process parameters influencing...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84952282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on manufactured sand (m-sand) for determining the basic properties and compare the results with river sand in zone-II","authors":"N. Sathyakumar, A. Divya","doi":"10.1063/1.5117920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117920","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays getting river sand is major problem in our country for construction purpose. So the alternate to river sand is must at this moment. There are lot of alternatives are available for river sand such as Manufactured sand (M-sand), Artificial sand (A-sand), Eco sand etc. Among the above M-sand is most widely used in construction, since it is easily available and cost wise economical. Much technical information is not available for M-sand. This paper deals about the properties of M-sand such as Fineness, specific gravity, sieve analysis, grain size distribution etc. By this paper a clear idea about M-sand is obtained and the results are compared with river sand in zone-II.Nowadays getting river sand is major problem in our country for construction purpose. So the alternate to river sand is must at this moment. There are lot of alternatives are available for river sand such as Manufactured sand (M-sand), Artificial sand (A-sand), Eco sand etc. Among the above M-sand is most widely used in construction, since it is easily available and cost wise economical. Much technical information is not available for M-sand. This paper deals about the properties of M-sand such as Fineness, specific gravity, sieve analysis, grain size distribution etc. By this paper a clear idea about M-sand is obtained and the results are compared with river sand in zone-II.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"C-17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85039050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone drilling investigation and possible research: A state of the art review","authors":"A. Bohra, M. Chandrasekaran, N. Teyi","doi":"10.1063/1.5117994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117994","url":null,"abstract":"In orthopaedics, ‘bone drilling’ is a universal surgical method generally employed in internal fracture fixation, install implants, or to carryout reconstructive surgery. The main purpose of bone drilling is to produce holes for fixing screws, wires and plates to fasten the fractured parts for immobilisation. Investigation on drilling of bones have found importance in recent times to reduce bone tissue damage i.e. osteonecrosis (ON) and unwanted complications for successful surgery. This review aims to provide an overview on the work reported by various authors in the area of bone drilling and addresses valid clinical problems. The determination of optimal process variables found beneficial to perform surgical operations more efficiently.In orthopaedics, ‘bone drilling’ is a universal surgical method generally employed in internal fracture fixation, install implants, or to carryout reconstructive surgery. The main purpose of bone drilling is to produce holes for fixing screws, wires and plates to fasten the fractured parts for immobilisation. Investigation on drilling of bones have found importance in recent times to reduce bone tissue damage i.e. osteonecrosis (ON) and unwanted complications for successful surgery. This review aims to provide an overview on the work reported by various authors in the area of bone drilling and addresses valid clinical problems. The determination of optimal process variables found beneficial to perform surgical operations more efficiently.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83452266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on flexural strength of beam reinforced with basalt fibre bars","authors":"S. Ramakrishnan, A. Selvakumar, K. R. Nandagopalan, R. Hariharan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117927","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement in fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) innovation have a distinct fascination in executing another sort of strands named as basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP), which has the dominating of being erosion safe, strong and cost effective that deliver a predominant outcome when applied in concrete structure. Besides, the accessible codal provision and aides does not give any suggestions to the use of Basalt bars since basic investigations and significant applications are as yet restricted. The objective of our investigation was progressed by two phases. The initial phase was led by examining the properties on BFRP and STEEL bars & these properties were evaluated and compared with the codal provision. The next phase of this test included testing of eight concrete beams (4 no’s of RC beam and 4 no’s of BFRP beam) of size 1700 mm long × 150 mm wide × 250 mm profound and to examine the flexural behaviour of both BFRP and RC beam under a two -point load over a clear span of 1550 mm until failure. The outcomes of these two phases were discussed in terms of its behaviour in crack, load, flexure and the mode of failure. Additionally, the test outcomes prove that the basalt bars have a great mechanical behaviour over concrete structures and it can be set as a substitution of STEEL bars for light, temporary structures.The advancement in fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) innovation have a distinct fascination in executing another sort of strands named as basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP), which has the dominating of being erosion safe, strong and cost effective that deliver a predominant outcome when applied in concrete structure. Besides, the accessible codal provision and aides does not give any suggestions to the use of Basalt bars since basic investigations and significant applications are as yet restricted. The objective of our investigation was progressed by two phases. The initial phase was led by examining the properties on BFRP and STEEL bars & these properties were evaluated and compared with the codal provision. The next phase of this test included testing of eight concrete beams (4 no’s of RC beam and 4 no’s of BFRP beam) of size 1700 mm long × 150 mm wide × 250 mm profound and to examine the flexural behaviour of both BFRP and RC beam under a two -point load over a clear span of 1550 mm until failure. The...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83428089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on ferrous and non-ferrous casting defects and their analysis","authors":"M. Nandagopal, K. Sivakumar, M. Sengottuvelan, S. Velmurugan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117953","url":null,"abstract":"The castings can be produced by using sand moulds and permanent dies. The rejection rate is more in sand casting process due to more number of process parameters. The papers reviewed about the defects occurred in the most widely used ferrous and non-ferrous materials such as cast iron, steel and aluminum are referred for this work. The defects are analyzed using various types of experiments, optimization techniques and software. This paper is useful to researchers and industrial persons to know about the tools available to analyze the defects and remedial action can be taken for the defects.The castings can be produced by using sand moulds and permanent dies. The rejection rate is more in sand casting process due to more number of process parameters. The papers reviewed about the defects occurred in the most widely used ferrous and non-ferrous materials such as cast iron, steel and aluminum are referred for this work. The defects are analyzed using various types of experiments, optimization techniques and software. This paper is useful to researchers and industrial persons to know about the tools available to analyze the defects and remedial action can be taken for the defects.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78251596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation studies on steel-concrete composite T beam sections","authors":"V. Preetha, V. Senthilkumar, K. Kalaivani, S. Navaneetha","doi":"10.1063/1.5117937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117937","url":null,"abstract":"The composite structures are extensively used for its high specific strength, structural stiffness and less weight. A composite beam comprises of concrete slab at the top with a steel beam of I shaped cross section beneath the slab. In this research a three dimensional composite beam is modelled to study the variation in thickness of concrete slab and steel section subjected to uniformly distributed load using finite element analysis. The support conditions of the structure are modelled as fixed beam on both the ends. Relative study is proposed on three different concrete slab thicknesses of 80,100 and 120mm respectively with steel I section beams. The parameters involves total deformation, maximum principal stress, shear stress, normal elastic strain and strain energy in the composite T beam at midspan are reported. It also attempt to conclude that the longitudinal compressive stresses in concrete slab had a non-uniform distribution of stresses along the cross section and it also produces positive bending moment. Shear stress across the sections must be checked to ensure that concrete components act compositely.The composite structures are extensively used for its high specific strength, structural stiffness and less weight. A composite beam comprises of concrete slab at the top with a steel beam of I shaped cross section beneath the slab. In this research a three dimensional composite beam is modelled to study the variation in thickness of concrete slab and steel section subjected to uniformly distributed load using finite element analysis. The support conditions of the structure are modelled as fixed beam on both the ends. Relative study is proposed on three different concrete slab thicknesses of 80,100 and 120mm respectively with steel I section beams. The parameters involves total deformation, maximum principal stress, shear stress, normal elastic strain and strain energy in the composite T beam at midspan are reported. It also attempt to conclude that the longitudinal compressive stresses in concrete slab had a non-uniform distribution of stresses along the cross section and it also produces positive bendin...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87609504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength properties of coconut fibre reinforced concrete","authors":"M. Ranjitham, S. Mohanraj, K. Ajithpandi, S. Akileswaran, S. Sree","doi":"10.1063/1.5117917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117917","url":null,"abstract":"The fiber obtained from the dry outer covering of the coconut fiber is termed as “coir”. This fiber has the best toughness among all natural fibres. These coir fibres have the tendency to be used as reinforcement in low cost concrete structures particularly in earthquake regions because of their property of toughness and sturdiness. Some advantages of coir fibers include insect proof, resistant to fungi and decay, provide good insulation against temperature and sound. They remain unaffected by external factors like humidity. They act as reinforcement substance by giving strength to the composite. To the brittle material concrete, a standard stresses or impact load is applied; the durability is 1/10th of its compressive strength. Thus, reinforcing bars are used with concrete in order that they face upto tensile stresses and replace the shortage of malleability and strength. For the preparation of fiber concrete solid cube M20 grade cement is employed. The fiber is mixed with cement, fine aggregate (Msand), coarse aggregate (gravel) and needed quantity no f water that forms the concrete mix. A layer of oil is applied evenly within the cube mould to prevent the concrete from sticking to the mould. This concrete mix is then crammed fully within the solid cube mould. This is then left to dry for 24hrs. This is taken out from the mould and immersed curing is to be done for 3-7 days. The comparison of fiber concrete cubes with the conventional concrete cubes was the main aim of this study. Various tests were conducted to determine its compressive strength, density and crushing load.The fiber obtained from the dry outer covering of the coconut fiber is termed as “coir”. This fiber has the best toughness among all natural fibres. These coir fibres have the tendency to be used as reinforcement in low cost concrete structures particularly in earthquake regions because of their property of toughness and sturdiness. Some advantages of coir fibers include insect proof, resistant to fungi and decay, provide good insulation against temperature and sound. They remain unaffected by external factors like humidity. They act as reinforcement substance by giving strength to the composite. To the brittle material concrete, a standard stresses or impact load is applied; the durability is 1/10th of its compressive strength. Thus, reinforcing bars are used with concrete in order that they face upto tensile stresses and replace the shortage of malleability and strength. For the preparation of fiber concrete solid cube M20 grade cement is employed. The fiber is mixed with cement, fine aggregate (Msand),...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86379404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterization of Mg-4% Zn infiltrated titanium alloy for bio medical applications","authors":"A. Mohanram, K. Shankar, S. Muthukumar, A. Krishnaraj, K. Thillairajan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117925","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium alloys play a major role in making bio-implants such as bone replacements etc. However, their elastic modulus is very high compared with human bone and also their biocompatibility is not so good. The difference in the young’s modulus leads to stress shielding. Magnesium alloys have good biocompatibility in terms of bone growth, but they are poor in stiffness. Hence, bone replacements containing a combination of titanium infiltrated with magnesium is better from the view point of both stiffness and biocompatibility. In this work, a titanium alloy substrate with square mesh, produced through additive manufacturing, is infiltrated with magnesium-4% zinc alloy. The infiltration of magnesium into the meshes of titanium alloy will reduce the weight and Young’s modulus of the bio implant produced from this alloys combination. The magnesium alloy present in the titanium meshes may dissolve into the blood and may not increase the bone growth when it is very soft. Hence, age hardening heat treatment is to be given to the magnesium alloy to increase its strength. By doing so, the strength of Mg-4%Zn alloy increased and hence the magnesium alloy could able to support the bone growth rather than dissolving in blood. The addition of zinc to the magnesium increases the age hardening ability of magnesium alloys and hence strength of the same. In this work, the magnesium alloy infiltrated titanium mesh structured bio implants were produced and age hardened. Then these implants were characterized for their microstructure and hardness.Titanium alloys play a major role in making bio-implants such as bone replacements etc. However, their elastic modulus is very high compared with human bone and also their biocompatibility is not so good. The difference in the young’s modulus leads to stress shielding. Magnesium alloys have good biocompatibility in terms of bone growth, but they are poor in stiffness. Hence, bone replacements containing a combination of titanium infiltrated with magnesium is better from the view point of both stiffness and biocompatibility. In this work, a titanium alloy substrate with square mesh, produced through additive manufacturing, is infiltrated with magnesium-4% zinc alloy. The infiltration of magnesium into the meshes of titanium alloy will reduce the weight and Young’s modulus of the bio implant produced from this alloys combination. The magnesium alloy present in the titanium meshes may dissolve into the blood and may not increase the bone growth when it is very soft. Hence, age hardening heat treatment is to ...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86051534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase stability study on wrought duplex and super duplex stainless steels grade 4A, 5A and 6A at elevated temperatures and the effect on their mechanical properties","authors":"K. Adhitya, K. Thillairajan, D. R. Shankar","doi":"10.1063/1.5117914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117914","url":null,"abstract":"Duplex stainless steels with varying chromium content is taken and subject to heat treatment between the temperature ranges of 900 to 1000°C to understand the phase stability of ferrite at such elevated temperatures. It is well observed that, ferrite is the active phase in duplex stainless steel as the austenite grains remains unchanged after heat treatment. Also, formation of sigma in ferrite phases affects the toughness of the material, even though austenite is present in large amount. It is also observed that, higher the aging temperature, higher is the kinetics of formation sigma phase in duplex stainless steel. In addition to Cr, Mo increases the affinity of formation of sigma phase.Duplex stainless steels with varying chromium content is taken and subject to heat treatment between the temperature ranges of 900 to 1000°C to understand the phase stability of ferrite at such elevated temperatures. It is well observed that, ferrite is the active phase in duplex stainless steel as the austenite grains remains unchanged after heat treatment. Also, formation of sigma in ferrite phases affects the toughness of the material, even though austenite is present in large amount. It is also observed that, higher the aging temperature, higher is the kinetics of formation sigma phase in duplex stainless steel. In addition to Cr, Mo increases the affinity of formation of sigma phase.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75378761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of superabsorbent polymer in self-compacting concrete","authors":"A. Mohanraj, S. Soundarya, V. Senthilkumar, S. Loganayagan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117919","url":null,"abstract":"This research work focuses on the effect of Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) by evaluating the compressive, tensile and flexural strength at 28 days. The materials taken to manufacture Self Compacting concrete are the weight of cement, coarse and fine aggregate, fly ash and three chemical admixtures were identified. Experimental works by casting different trails of cubes size 150mmx150mm, cylinder size 150mmx300mm and beam of 1800x150x200 mm was carried out and allowed for self-curing. It is concluded that 2% of super plasticizers, 0.5% of Viscosity Modifying Agent and SAP is optimum to use in SCC mix of M40 concrete. Beyond which when added leads to delay in setting time and strength tends to reduce.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90690491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}