M. Krishnakumar, K. Lingadurai, R. Mukesh, L. Princeraj, V. Naveen, M. Kavya, A. Kiran
In present day, icing on the aircraft body has become the threat to the aircraft flight safety. Thus, it is vital to study the influential effects of ice accretion over airfoil in aerodynamic characteristics. The standard NACA2411 airfoil is chosen for this research study. The NACA 2411 airfoil has been optimized by using Genetic Algorithm method. Ice accretion over original NACA2411 and GA 011timizcd ai1foils is carried out using Eulerian based droplet im11ingement code/method. The com1mtational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for original ice accreted and optimized ice accreted airfoils have been done to obtain performance results and therefore lift coefficient and drag coefficient are found in fluent solver. The performance analysis of NACA2411 original ice accreted and optimized ice accreted airfoils are compared. And from the study, the performance of ice accreted original airfoil is estimated to be less efficient than ice accreted optimized airfoil.
{"title":"Performance analysis of NACA2411 ice accreted original and optimized airfoils","authors":"M. Krishnakumar, K. Lingadurai, R. Mukesh, L. Princeraj, V. Naveen, M. Kavya, A. Kiran","doi":"10.1063/1.5117974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117974","url":null,"abstract":"In present day, icing on the aircraft body has become the threat to the aircraft flight safety. Thus, it is vital to study the influential effects of ice accretion over airfoil in aerodynamic characteristics. The standard NACA2411 airfoil is chosen for this research study. The NACA 2411 airfoil has been optimized by using Genetic Algorithm method. Ice accretion over original NACA2411 and GA 011timizcd ai1foils is carried out using Eulerian based droplet im11ingement code/method. The com1mtational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for original ice accreted and optimized ice accreted airfoils have been done to obtain performance results and therefore lift coefficient and drag coefficient are found in fluent solver. The performance analysis of NACA2411 original ice accreted and optimized ice accreted airfoils are compared. And from the study, the performance of ice accreted original airfoil is estimated to be less efficient than ice accreted optimized airfoil.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77909759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Rajpradeesh, P. Venkumar, T. Hariraja, J. Nagarjun, V. Manikandan
The objective of this investigation is to reduce the hazards in the workplace, based on the worker’s operation using HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis) and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis). The number of work accidents in India at the end of 2017 was relatively high. Therefore, this investigation is conducted to identify hazards and determine risk control using hazard identification and risk assessment method (HIRA). There are three main stages, first to identify the hazard in the workplace and second is to analyze the hazard and the third one is to control the identified hazard using some control measures. The result shows that there are nine potential hazards in industries, 22% of it is categorized as high-risk level, i.e. hand slashed and fingers cut by machine. There are the three kinds of risk control for activities for determined to minimize the risk, i.e. elimination and engineering control and personal protective equipment. The problems are identified by the severity data using FMEA worksheet.The objective of this investigation is to reduce the hazards in the workplace, based on the worker’s operation using HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis) and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis). The number of work accidents in India at the end of 2017 was relatively high. Therefore, this investigation is conducted to identify hazards and determine risk control using hazard identification and risk assessment method (HIRA). There are three main stages, first to identify the hazard in the workplace and second is to analyze the hazard and the third one is to control the identified hazard using some control measures. The result shows that there are nine potential hazards in industries, 22% of it is categorized as high-risk level, i.e. hand slashed and fingers cut by machine. There are the three kinds of risk control for activities for determined to minimize the risk, i.e. elimination and engineering control and personal protective equipment. The problems are identified by the severity data using...
{"title":"Hazard identification on cabtrim in manufacturing industry","authors":"T. Rajpradeesh, P. Venkumar, T. Hariraja, J. Nagarjun, V. Manikandan","doi":"10.1063/1.5117947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117947","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this investigation is to reduce the hazards in the workplace, based on the worker’s operation using HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis) and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis). The number of work accidents in India at the end of 2017 was relatively high. Therefore, this investigation is conducted to identify hazards and determine risk control using hazard identification and risk assessment method (HIRA). There are three main stages, first to identify the hazard in the workplace and second is to analyze the hazard and the third one is to control the identified hazard using some control measures. The result shows that there are nine potential hazards in industries, 22% of it is categorized as high-risk level, i.e. hand slashed and fingers cut by machine. There are the three kinds of risk control for activities for determined to minimize the risk, i.e. elimination and engineering control and personal protective equipment. The problems are identified by the severity data using FMEA worksheet.The objective of this investigation is to reduce the hazards in the workplace, based on the worker’s operation using HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis) and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis). The number of work accidents in India at the end of 2017 was relatively high. Therefore, this investigation is conducted to identify hazards and determine risk control using hazard identification and risk assessment method (HIRA). There are three main stages, first to identify the hazard in the workplace and second is to analyze the hazard and the third one is to control the identified hazard using some control measures. The result shows that there are nine potential hazards in industries, 22% of it is categorized as high-risk level, i.e. hand slashed and fingers cut by machine. There are the three kinds of risk control for activities for determined to minimize the risk, i.e. elimination and engineering control and personal protective equipment. The problems are identified by the severity data using...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81269684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivek Singh, M. Chandrasekaran, S. Samanta, M. Thirugnanasambandam
Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steels is gaining its popularity in replacing the SS 304 component by cheaper AISI 201 grade in many industrial application including repair and maintenance due to its outstanding combination of mechanical property and corrosion resistance. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is preferred in fabrication industry due to its mechanization and high productivity. In this work, welding experiments of GMAW of AISI 201Gr stainless steel plate was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) of 27 experimental runs. Wire feed rate (WFR), voltage (V), nozzle to plate distance (NTD) and welding speed (S) are considered as weld parameters; each of three different levels. The weld bead characteristics such as penetration (P), width (W), reinforcement (R), weld penetration shape factor (WPSF), weld reinforcement form factor (WRFF) are considered. The modelling of weld characteristics is carried out by a popular soft computing approach i.e., Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The developed ANN models have been validated for its adequacy and it shows less percentage of error. The proposed models will be useful for online implementation of ANN model in fabrication industry.Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steels is gaining its popularity in replacing the SS 304 component by cheaper AISI 201 grade in many industrial application including repair and maintenance due to its outstanding combination of mechanical property and corrosion resistance. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is preferred in fabrication industry due to its mechanization and high productivity. In this work, welding experiments of GMAW of AISI 201Gr stainless steel plate was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) of 27 experimental runs. Wire feed rate (WFR), voltage (V), nozzle to plate distance (NTD) and welding speed (S) are considered as weld parameters; each of three different levels. The weld bead characteristics such as penetration (P), width (W), reinforcement (R), weld penetration shape factor (WPSF), weld reinforcement form factor (WRFF) are considered. The modelling of weld characteristics is carried out by a popular soft computing approach i.e., Artificial Neural Network (ANN). T...
{"title":"Artificial neural network modelling of weld bead characteristics during GMAW of nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steel","authors":"Vivek Singh, M. Chandrasekaran, S. Samanta, M. Thirugnanasambandam","doi":"10.1063/1.5117936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117936","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steels is gaining its popularity in replacing the SS 304 component by cheaper AISI 201 grade in many industrial application including repair and maintenance due to its outstanding combination of mechanical property and corrosion resistance. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is preferred in fabrication industry due to its mechanization and high productivity. In this work, welding experiments of GMAW of AISI 201Gr stainless steel plate was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) of 27 experimental runs. Wire feed rate (WFR), voltage (V), nozzle to plate distance (NTD) and welding speed (S) are considered as weld parameters; each of three different levels. The weld bead characteristics such as penetration (P), width (W), reinforcement (R), weld penetration shape factor (WPSF), weld reinforcement form factor (WRFF) are considered. The modelling of weld characteristics is carried out by a popular soft computing approach i.e., Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The developed ANN models have been validated for its adequacy and it shows less percentage of error. The proposed models will be useful for online implementation of ANN model in fabrication industry.Nitrogen strengthened austenitic stainless steels is gaining its popularity in replacing the SS 304 component by cheaper AISI 201 grade in many industrial application including repair and maintenance due to its outstanding combination of mechanical property and corrosion resistance. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is preferred in fabrication industry due to its mechanization and high productivity. In this work, welding experiments of GMAW of AISI 201Gr stainless steel plate was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) of 27 experimental runs. Wire feed rate (WFR), voltage (V), nozzle to plate distance (NTD) and welding speed (S) are considered as weld parameters; each of three different levels. The weld bead characteristics such as penetration (P), width (W), reinforcement (R), weld penetration shape factor (WPSF), weld reinforcement form factor (WRFF) are considered. The modelling of weld characteristics is carried out by a popular soft computing approach i.e., Artificial Neural Network (ANN). T...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83929158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Friction Stir Processing (FSP), a solid state materials processing technique is employed to modify the microstructure and properties of surface which is based on the principles of Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSP is one of the most promising techniques that produces surface composites. As of now, FSP has been widely used for producing surface composites using more of aluminium, magnesium and copper alloys. FSP enhances the mechanical properties like tensile strength, hardness, ductility and fatigue and also tribological properties like wear resistance. It also eliminates the defects that are produced in the matrix alloy during casting process and reduces distortion. Most of the Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) techniques changes the bulk properties of the material but FSP does not change the bulk properties, instead, grain size refinement can be achieved due to input heat that emerges from friction. This article covers the investigations carried out on the influence of the process parameters and tool characteristics, on the mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061 based surface composites synthesized by friction stir processing.Friction Stir Processing (FSP), a solid state materials processing technique is employed to modify the microstructure and properties of surface which is based on the principles of Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSP is one of the most promising techniques that produces surface composites. As of now, FSP has been widely used for producing surface composites using more of aluminium, magnesium and copper alloys. FSP enhances the mechanical properties like tensile strength, hardness, ductility and fatigue and also tribological properties like wear resistance. It also eliminates the defects that are produced in the matrix alloy during casting process and reduces distortion. Most of the Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) techniques changes the bulk properties of the material but FSP does not change the bulk properties, instead, grain size refinement can be achieved due to input heat that emerges from friction. This article covers the investigations carried out on the influence of the process parameters and tool char...
{"title":"A review on friction stir processing of Al6061 surface composites","authors":"M. Kumar, R. Prasanth, B. Selvakumar, V. Ranjith","doi":"10.1063/1.5117943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117943","url":null,"abstract":"Friction Stir Processing (FSP), a solid state materials processing technique is employed to modify the microstructure and properties of surface which is based on the principles of Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSP is one of the most promising techniques that produces surface composites. As of now, FSP has been widely used for producing surface composites using more of aluminium, magnesium and copper alloys. FSP enhances the mechanical properties like tensile strength, hardness, ductility and fatigue and also tribological properties like wear resistance. It also eliminates the defects that are produced in the matrix alloy during casting process and reduces distortion. Most of the Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) techniques changes the bulk properties of the material but FSP does not change the bulk properties, instead, grain size refinement can be achieved due to input heat that emerges from friction. This article covers the investigations carried out on the influence of the process parameters and tool characteristics, on the mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061 based surface composites synthesized by friction stir processing.Friction Stir Processing (FSP), a solid state materials processing technique is employed to modify the microstructure and properties of surface which is based on the principles of Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSP is one of the most promising techniques that produces surface composites. As of now, FSP has been widely used for producing surface composites using more of aluminium, magnesium and copper alloys. FSP enhances the mechanical properties like tensile strength, hardness, ductility and fatigue and also tribological properties like wear resistance. It also eliminates the defects that are produced in the matrix alloy during casting process and reduces distortion. Most of the Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) techniques changes the bulk properties of the material but FSP does not change the bulk properties, instead, grain size refinement can be achieved due to input heat that emerges from friction. This article covers the investigations carried out on the influence of the process parameters and tool char...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90157562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ethiraj, T. Sivabalan, S. Meikeerthy, K. Kumar, G. Chaithanya, G. R. K. Reddy
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding in which the material is joined without melting but plasticized and stirred by the rotating tool. Underwater friction stir welding (UWFSW) is performed under the water against the conventional FSW where the process is carried out in air at room temperature. This paper deals with the investigation on the joints made by conventional and underwater FSW of copper sheet of thickness 2.0 mm. The experiments were carried out in computer numerically controlled vertical milling machine using the high speed steel tool with a rotational speed of 600,800,1000,1200 and 1300 rpm keeping the tool traversing speed of 50 mm/min and tool tilting angle of 0o as constant parameters. The investigation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the joints made in both conditions are carried out and compared. The joint made at tool rotational speed 1200rpm has shown the maximum tensile strength of 91.5% & 66.6% to that of the base material in both conventional and underwater FSW respectively. Also, the maximum tensile strength achieved in underwater FSW at 1200rpm is approximately 27% less than the conventional FSW within the experimented parameters. Due to the presence of water, the heat generated by the rotating tool is not sufficient enough to plasticize the material compared to conventional process, the tensile strength of the welded joint is lower than the conventional FSW. Study of microscopic images reveals that the grains are so finer in underwater condition when compared with the conventional FSW.Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding in which the material is joined without melting but plasticized and stirred by the rotating tool. Underwater friction stir welding (UWFSW) is performed under the water against the conventional FSW where the process is carried out in air at room temperature. This paper deals with the investigation on the joints made by conventional and underwater FSW of copper sheet of thickness 2.0 mm. The experiments were carried out in computer numerically controlled vertical milling machine using the high speed steel tool with a rotational speed of 600,800,1000,1200 and 1300 rpm keeping the tool traversing speed of 50 mm/min and tool tilting angle of 0o as constant parameters. The investigation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the joints made in both conditions are carried out and compared. The joint made at tool rotational speed 1200rpm has shown the maximum tensile strength of 91.5% & 66.6% to that of the base material in both conventional and un...
{"title":"Comparative study on conventional and underwater friction stir welding of copper plates","authors":"N. Ethiraj, T. Sivabalan, S. Meikeerthy, K. Kumar, G. Chaithanya, G. R. K. Reddy","doi":"10.1063/1.5117946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117946","url":null,"abstract":"Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding in which the material is joined without melting but plasticized and stirred by the rotating tool. Underwater friction stir welding (UWFSW) is performed under the water against the conventional FSW where the process is carried out in air at room temperature. This paper deals with the investigation on the joints made by conventional and underwater FSW of copper sheet of thickness 2.0 mm. The experiments were carried out in computer numerically controlled vertical milling machine using the high speed steel tool with a rotational speed of 600,800,1000,1200 and 1300 rpm keeping the tool traversing speed of 50 mm/min and tool tilting angle of 0o as constant parameters. The investigation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the joints made in both conditions are carried out and compared. The joint made at tool rotational speed 1200rpm has shown the maximum tensile strength of 91.5% & 66.6% to that of the base material in both conventional and underwater FSW respectively. Also, the maximum tensile strength achieved in underwater FSW at 1200rpm is approximately 27% less than the conventional FSW within the experimented parameters. Due to the presence of water, the heat generated by the rotating tool is not sufficient enough to plasticize the material compared to conventional process, the tensile strength of the welded joint is lower than the conventional FSW. Study of microscopic images reveals that the grains are so finer in underwater condition when compared with the conventional FSW.Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding in which the material is joined without melting but plasticized and stirred by the rotating tool. Underwater friction stir welding (UWFSW) is performed under the water against the conventional FSW where the process is carried out in air at room temperature. This paper deals with the investigation on the joints made by conventional and underwater FSW of copper sheet of thickness 2.0 mm. The experiments were carried out in computer numerically controlled vertical milling machine using the high speed steel tool with a rotational speed of 600,800,1000,1200 and 1300 rpm keeping the tool traversing speed of 50 mm/min and tool tilting angle of 0o as constant parameters. The investigation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the joints made in both conditions are carried out and compared. The joint made at tool rotational speed 1200rpm has shown the maximum tensile strength of 91.5% & 66.6% to that of the base material in both conventional and un...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84176707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Venkatachalam, S. Baskaran, R. Karrthik, D. T. G. Raj, T. Kumar
Aluminum composites are largely used in automobile industries in light of their lightweight and corrosion free characteristics. In this work, Titanium diboride (TiB2) particles were reinforced in Aluminum (Al) metal matrix via in-situ salt metal reaction technique. The composite samples were prepared by reinforcing TiB2 particles of 4% and 8% (by wt.) in Al 6061 alloy matrix and subsequently the composites were characterized for their microstructure, tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. The Aluminum 6061 alloy is found to have tensile strength 114 N/mm2, hardness 30 (Rockwell number) and wear loss of 159 µm. It was observed that the mechanical properties of TiB2 reinforced Al 6061 alloys, especially tensile strength and hardness have been improved to 172 N/mm2 and 54, respectively, up on addition of 8% TiB2. Moreover, the samples having highest weight percentage of reinforcement show remarkable wear resistance by pin-on-disc method. Thus TiB2-Aluminum composites are in foster competition with high performance materials used as disc brake in automobiles.Aluminum composites are largely used in automobile industries in light of their lightweight and corrosion free characteristics. In this work, Titanium diboride (TiB2) particles were reinforced in Aluminum (Al) metal matrix via in-situ salt metal reaction technique. The composite samples were prepared by reinforcing TiB2 particles of 4% and 8% (by wt.) in Al 6061 alloy matrix and subsequently the composites were characterized for their microstructure, tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. The Aluminum 6061 alloy is found to have tensile strength 114 N/mm2, hardness 30 (Rockwell number) and wear loss of 159 µm. It was observed that the mechanical properties of TiB2 reinforced Al 6061 alloys, especially tensile strength and hardness have been improved to 172 N/mm2 and 54, respectively, up on addition of 8% TiB2. Moreover, the samples having highest weight percentage of reinforcement show remarkable wear resistance by pin-on-disc method. Thus TiB2-Aluminum composites are in foster competition with h...
{"title":"Titanium diboride reinforced aluminum composite as a robust material for automobile applications","authors":"S. Venkatachalam, S. Baskaran, R. Karrthik, D. T. G. Raj, T. Kumar","doi":"10.1063/1.5117922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117922","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum composites are largely used in automobile industries in light of their lightweight and corrosion free characteristics. In this work, Titanium diboride (TiB2) particles were reinforced in Aluminum (Al) metal matrix via in-situ salt metal reaction technique. The composite samples were prepared by reinforcing TiB2 particles of 4% and 8% (by wt.) in Al 6061 alloy matrix and subsequently the composites were characterized for their microstructure, tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. The Aluminum 6061 alloy is found to have tensile strength 114 N/mm2, hardness 30 (Rockwell number) and wear loss of 159 µm. It was observed that the mechanical properties of TiB2 reinforced Al 6061 alloys, especially tensile strength and hardness have been improved to 172 N/mm2 and 54, respectively, up on addition of 8% TiB2. Moreover, the samples having highest weight percentage of reinforcement show remarkable wear resistance by pin-on-disc method. Thus TiB2-Aluminum composites are in foster competition with high performance materials used as disc brake in automobiles.Aluminum composites are largely used in automobile industries in light of their lightweight and corrosion free characteristics. In this work, Titanium diboride (TiB2) particles were reinforced in Aluminum (Al) metal matrix via in-situ salt metal reaction technique. The composite samples were prepared by reinforcing TiB2 particles of 4% and 8% (by wt.) in Al 6061 alloy matrix and subsequently the composites were characterized for their microstructure, tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. The Aluminum 6061 alloy is found to have tensile strength 114 N/mm2, hardness 30 (Rockwell number) and wear loss of 159 µm. It was observed that the mechanical properties of TiB2 reinforced Al 6061 alloys, especially tensile strength and hardness have been improved to 172 N/mm2 and 54, respectively, up on addition of 8% TiB2. Moreover, the samples having highest weight percentage of reinforcement show remarkable wear resistance by pin-on-disc method. Thus TiB2-Aluminum composites are in foster competition with h...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80319468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Casting is a traditional manufacturing process used for the production of many engineering components especially in the field of transport industries. For achieving quality casting components, the effective design of the gating system is standing front. This work aims to address the two different types of gating system namely End Sprue Parallel Connection (ESPC) and Center Sprue Parallel Connection (CSPC) through experimental investigations. The parameters like velocity and discharge were analyzed with the source of water medium. Since, the results obtained from this work can be applicable for any other metal which is having the similar kinematic viscosity of water. Data were recorded by closing different gates in different time. The uniform flow of material was achieved throughout the cavity due to the equidistant arrangement. Further, the higher or equal discharge was found in the case of CSPC gating design almost in all the cases and this two comparative results was very use full for develop optimum runner and gate findings in multi cavity system.Casting is a traditional manufacturing process used for the production of many engineering components especially in the field of transport industries. For achieving quality casting components, the effective design of the gating system is standing front. This work aims to address the two different types of gating system namely End Sprue Parallel Connection (ESPC) and Center Sprue Parallel Connection (CSPC) through experimental investigations. The parameters like velocity and discharge were analyzed with the source of water medium. Since, the results obtained from this work can be applicable for any other metal which is having the similar kinematic viscosity of water. Data were recorded by closing different gates in different time. The uniform flow of material was achieved throughout the cavity due to the equidistant arrangement. Further, the higher or equal discharge was found in the case of CSPC gating design almost in all the cases and this two comparative results was very use full for develop optimum ru...
{"title":"Experimental investigation of flow parameters with the effect of design of multi gating system for casting industries","authors":"I. Rajkumar, N. Rajini, P. Vasanth","doi":"10.1063/1.5117948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117948","url":null,"abstract":"Casting is a traditional manufacturing process used for the production of many engineering components especially in the field of transport industries. For achieving quality casting components, the effective design of the gating system is standing front. This work aims to address the two different types of gating system namely End Sprue Parallel Connection (ESPC) and Center Sprue Parallel Connection (CSPC) through experimental investigations. The parameters like velocity and discharge were analyzed with the source of water medium. Since, the results obtained from this work can be applicable for any other metal which is having the similar kinematic viscosity of water. Data were recorded by closing different gates in different time. The uniform flow of material was achieved throughout the cavity due to the equidistant arrangement. Further, the higher or equal discharge was found in the case of CSPC gating design almost in all the cases and this two comparative results was very use full for develop optimum runner and gate findings in multi cavity system.Casting is a traditional manufacturing process used for the production of many engineering components especially in the field of transport industries. For achieving quality casting components, the effective design of the gating system is standing front. This work aims to address the two different types of gating system namely End Sprue Parallel Connection (ESPC) and Center Sprue Parallel Connection (CSPC) through experimental investigations. The parameters like velocity and discharge were analyzed with the source of water medium. Since, the results obtained from this work can be applicable for any other metal which is having the similar kinematic viscosity of water. Data were recorded by closing different gates in different time. The uniform flow of material was achieved throughout the cavity due to the equidistant arrangement. Further, the higher or equal discharge was found in the case of CSPC gating design almost in all the cases and this two comparative results was very use full for develop optimum ru...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83047810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy plays an important role in the economic development of a country. Refrigeration and air conditioning takes in enormous energy. In real time scenario of the world, energy loss is the major crisis. By the second law of thermodynamics, energy has to be rejected to the atmosphere. A lot of heat energy is wasted in domestic refrigerator during its routine cycle. As domestic refrigerator rejects heat inside the room which make uncomfortable in summer due to increase the temperature. So it is proposed to extract the waste heat from the Refrigerator which can be used for other applications. In this, a heat recovery unit setup is installed with the domestic refrigerator. It contains a condensing coil, an air flow arrangement, a temperature sensor and some accessories. A hot box is developed to absorb the refrigeration heat exhausted from the refrigerator. By this, energy can be utilized to some extent for domestic applications. This is of great significance since domestic refrigerator has vast usage in every house.Energy plays an important role in the economic development of a country. Refrigeration and air conditioning takes in enormous energy. In real time scenario of the world, energy loss is the major crisis. By the second law of thermodynamics, energy has to be rejected to the atmosphere. A lot of heat energy is wasted in domestic refrigerator during its routine cycle. As domestic refrigerator rejects heat inside the room which make uncomfortable in summer due to increase the temperature. So it is proposed to extract the waste heat from the Refrigerator which can be used for other applications. In this, a heat recovery unit setup is installed with the domestic refrigerator. It contains a condensing coil, an air flow arrangement, a temperature sensor and some accessories. A hot box is developed to absorb the refrigeration heat exhausted from the refrigerator. By this, energy can be utilized to some extent for domestic applications. This is of great significance since domestic refrigerator has vast usage in ever...
{"title":"A review on utilization of waste heat from domestic refrigerator","authors":"M. Ponmurugan, M. Ravikumar, A. Sundaramahalingam","doi":"10.1063/1.5117987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117987","url":null,"abstract":"Energy plays an important role in the economic development of a country. Refrigeration and air conditioning takes in enormous energy. In real time scenario of the world, energy loss is the major crisis. By the second law of thermodynamics, energy has to be rejected to the atmosphere. A lot of heat energy is wasted in domestic refrigerator during its routine cycle. As domestic refrigerator rejects heat inside the room which make uncomfortable in summer due to increase the temperature. So it is proposed to extract the waste heat from the Refrigerator which can be used for other applications. In this, a heat recovery unit setup is installed with the domestic refrigerator. It contains a condensing coil, an air flow arrangement, a temperature sensor and some accessories. A hot box is developed to absorb the refrigeration heat exhausted from the refrigerator. By this, energy can be utilized to some extent for domestic applications. This is of great significance since domestic refrigerator has vast usage in every house.Energy plays an important role in the economic development of a country. Refrigeration and air conditioning takes in enormous energy. In real time scenario of the world, energy loss is the major crisis. By the second law of thermodynamics, energy has to be rejected to the atmosphere. A lot of heat energy is wasted in domestic refrigerator during its routine cycle. As domestic refrigerator rejects heat inside the room which make uncomfortable in summer due to increase the temperature. So it is proposed to extract the waste heat from the Refrigerator which can be used for other applications. In this, a heat recovery unit setup is installed with the domestic refrigerator. It contains a condensing coil, an air flow arrangement, a temperature sensor and some accessories. A hot box is developed to absorb the refrigeration heat exhausted from the refrigerator. By this, energy can be utilized to some extent for domestic applications. This is of great significance since domestic refrigerator has vast usage in ever...","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83260818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work aims to explore the effect of adding Phase Change Material (PCM) inside a natural convection evaporator of a refrigerator. The compressor is thermostat controlled ON/OFF regulated type and the PCM is a salt hydrate that has a transient phase change temperature of -5°C. The PCM stores cool energy during the operation of refrigerator and releases it during the cut OFF period of the compressor. The addition of the PCM pack leads to increase in ON and OFF cycle time of the compressor. However, increase in OFF period is more than the increase in ON period of compressor and hence gives the energy savings up to 23.2%, and reduction in number of cycles of operation of compressor from 86 to 34. In addition the life time of the compressor will be extended due to reduction in the number of compressor working cycles.
{"title":"Energy saving in the refrigerator by using a salt hydrate as a phase change material","authors":"Mohaideen Abdul Khader, A. Shunmugavelu","doi":"10.1063/1.5117924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117924","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to explore the effect of adding Phase Change Material (PCM) inside a natural convection evaporator of a refrigerator. The compressor is thermostat controlled ON/OFF regulated type and the PCM is a salt hydrate that has a transient phase change temperature of -5°C. The PCM stores cool energy during the operation of refrigerator and releases it during the cut OFF period of the compressor. The addition of the PCM pack leads to increase in ON and OFF cycle time of the compressor. However, increase in OFF period is more than the increase in ON period of compressor and hence gives the energy savings up to 23.2%, and reduction in number of cycles of operation of compressor from 86 to 34. In addition the life time of the compressor will be extended due to reduction in the number of compressor working cycles.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86721987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation is conducted to obtain the wear and friction behavior of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as an antiwear additive to bio-based pongamia oil. The tribological tests were carried out using a four-ball tester (ASTM D-4172). The variation of viscosity of bio-based pongamia, madhuca indica and neem oils is also evaluated in conformity with IP70/62. The test results were compared with synthetic petroleum-based lubricant (SAE20W40). The experimental test data showed that pongamia oil containing HNTs (1.5 wt.%) has superior tribological characteristics and smoother wear scar diameter compared to other combinations of pongamia oil without additives and other bio-based oils.
{"title":"Tribological behaviour of pongamia oil as lubricant with and without halloysite nanotubes using four-ball tester","authors":"B. Suresha, G. Hemanth, A. Rakesh, K. Adarsh","doi":"10.1063/1.5117954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117954","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation is conducted to obtain the wear and friction behavior of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as an antiwear additive to bio-based pongamia oil. The tribological tests were carried out using a four-ball tester (ASTM D-4172). The variation of viscosity of bio-based pongamia, madhuca indica and neem oils is also evaluated in conformity with IP70/62. The test results were compared with synthetic petroleum-based lubricant (SAE20W40). The experimental test data showed that pongamia oil containing HNTs (1.5 wt.%) has superior tribological characteristics and smoother wear scar diameter compared to other combinations of pongamia oil without additives and other bio-based oils.","PeriodicalId":13819,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS, MANUFACTURING AND MACHINING 2019","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80020863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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