International Journal of Medical Education最新文献

Objectives: To explore student perceptions of learning and interprofessional aspects of obstetric and neonatal emergencies through online simulation-based workshops.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted at Monash University, Australia. Data were obtained from six separate online Obstetric Neonatal Emergency Simulation workshops held between May 2020 and August 2021. A total of 385 students attended and were invited to participate in the study by completing an online survey two-three weeks later. Of the attendees, 144 students completed the survey (95 medical, 45 midwifery), equating to a response rate of 37%. Survey responses were downloaded from online survey platform and separated into medical and midwifery responses. Thematic analysis of data was performed using a coding framework, resulting in development of themes and subthemes.

Results: Main themes were adaptability, connectivism, preparedness for practice, experiential learning, learning through modelling and dynamics of online interaction. Students reported that online workshop was a useful alternative method to experience simulation-based learning, increase their readiness for clinical practice and foster positive interprofessional relationships. Consistent with existing literature evaluating similar in-person programs, midwifery students were most interested in interprofessional interaction (predominant theme: dynamics of online interaction), whilst medical students were more concerned with developing clinical skills (predominant themes: learning through modelling, experiential learning).

Conclusions: Online learning may be a useful and convenient way of delivering interprofessional simulation-based education during the pandemic, in remote areas and as an adjunct to in-person teaching. Future studies should evaluate the impact of online learning with a mixed methods study and in comparison, to in-person programs.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and gather the validity evidence for a standardised simulation-based skills test in transthoracic echocardiography and to establish a credible pass/fail score.

Methods: Experts developed a virtual-reality simulator test in cardiology, medical education and simulation-based education. Thirty-six physicians with different experiences in transthoracic echocardiography completed the test at Odense University Hospital, Denmark. The performances of novice, intermediate and experienced participants were compared using the Bonferroni post hoc test. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the internal consistency reliability of the test. The consistency of performance was analysed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. A pass/fail score was established using the contrasting groups' standard-setting method.

Results: We developed a test with high consistent reliability (Alpha = .81), 95% CI [.69, .89]. In both cases, the performers' level was consistent, fitting others at the same level of experience (intraclass correlation r₍₃₅₎=.81, p<.001). A pass/fail score of 48/50 points was established based on the mean test score of novice and experienced physicians.

Conclusions: We developed a standardised virtual-reality simulation-based test of echocardiography skills with the ability to distinguish between participants with different levels of transthoracic echocardiography experience. This test could direct a mastery learning training program where trainees practise until they reach the pre-defined level and secure a higher level of competency to ensure quality and safety for patients.

Objectives: To investigate the association between online activities and the number of new obstetrics and gynecology senior residents.

Methods: A nationwide web-based, self-administered anonymous survey was conducted to investigate recruitment and clerkship activities during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. An online questionnaire was sent to 576 obstetrics and gynecology training institutions in Japan between December 21, 2020, and January 31, 2021. Overall, 334 institutions that gave valid responses were included (response rate: 58.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis examined the association between online activities, including recruitment and clerkship activities, and the number of new obstetrics and gynecology senior residents in 2021. The stratified analysis by implementing face-to-face activities was conducted to clarify the association.

Results: The number of new senior residents increased in 187 facilities (56.0%) and decreased in 147 facilities (44.0%). The facilities that implemented face-to-face and online activities were 185 (55.4%) and 120 (35.9%), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, an increased number of new obstetrics and gynecology senior residents was significantly associated with face-to-face activities (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-5.97, p<.001) but not with online activities. In the stratified analysis, online activities were significantly associated with an increased number of new obstetrics and gynecology senior residents among the facilities without face-to-face activities (AOR=3.81, 95% CI: 1.40-10.32, p=.009) but not among those with face-to-face activities (AOR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.42-1.78).

Conclusions: Online activities were associated with an increased number of new obstetrics and gynecology senior residents among the facilities that did not conduct face-to-face activities.