Abstract Onshore wind power has received attention from governments, including China and Europe, as a renewable energy generation technology. Still, it is highly influenced by weather factors and often requires energy storage systems to smooth its power. The hybrid energy storage system (HESS), comprising a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor (SC), fully uses the advantages of both the lithium-ion battery and SC with high energy and high power density. The contribution of this paper is to give a control strategy for internal power coordination and smoothing power fluctuation in HESS. For internal power coordination, when the state of charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery and SC are not in the normal range simultaneously, the lithium-ion battery power limit must be adjusted to regulate their SOC. In contrast, for smoothing power fluctuation, a low-pass filter is used to reduce the charge/discharge depth of the lithium-ion battery and maintain the SOC of SC. The trigonometric factor is used to optimize the particle swarm optimization (PSO) to obtain a better power distribution value. The proposed strategy is optimized using onshore wind power generation and load 1-day power variation, and the results achieve the desired goal with superior application.
陆上风电作为一种可再生能源发电技术，已受到包括中国和欧洲在内的各国政府的重视。然而，它受天气因素的影响很大，通常需要储能系统来平稳供电。由锂离子电池和超级电容器组成的混合储能系统(HESS)充分利用了锂离子电池和超级电容器的高能量和高功率密度的优点。本文的贡献在于给出了HESS内部功率协调和平滑功率波动的控制策略。对于内部功率协调，当锂离子电池的荷电状态(state of charge, SOC)和SC不在正常范围内时，必须通过调整锂离子电池的功率限制来调节其荷电状态。为了平滑功率波动，采用低通滤波器减小锂离子电池的充放电深度，维持SC的SOC，采用三角因子优化粒子群优化(PSO)，获得更好的功率分配值。利用陆上风力发电和负荷1天功率变化对所提策略进行优化，结果达到预期目标，具有优越的应用价值。
{"title":"Strategies for smoothing power fluctuations in lithium-ion battery–supercapacitor energy storage systems","authors":"Zenglei Liu, An Lu","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Onshore wind power has received attention from governments, including China and Europe, as a renewable energy generation technology. Still, it is highly influenced by weather factors and often requires energy storage systems to smooth its power. The hybrid energy storage system (HESS), comprising a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor (SC), fully uses the advantages of both the lithium-ion battery and SC with high energy and high power density. The contribution of this paper is to give a control strategy for internal power coordination and smoothing power fluctuation in HESS. For internal power coordination, when the state of charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery and SC are not in the normal range simultaneously, the lithium-ion battery power limit must be adjusted to regulate their SOC. In contrast, for smoothing power fluctuation, a low-pass filter is used to reduce the charge/discharge depth of the lithium-ion battery and maintain the SOC of SC. The trigonometric factor is used to optimize the particle swarm optimization (PSO) to obtain a better power distribution value. The proposed strategy is optimized using onshore wind power generation and load 1-day power variation, and the results achieve the desired goal with superior application.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiawei Liu, Xiaowei Yang, Jiaqi Mu, Lin Mu, Xiaohua Liu
Abstract So far, brine droplet impact has received less attention compared with water droplets, but the impact of brine droplets on heated surfaces frequently occurs in the industry, agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. The kinematics and evaporation of brine droplet impact on heated surfaces deserve paying much more attention due to their wide industry applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of existing research on the dynamics, evaporation and crystallization characteristics of brine droplets impacting heated surfaces. The effect of salt in droplets on the evaporation rate, component transportation and crystal deposition are discussed. In addition, this review also summarized inadequacies of existing research and recommended concerning future research directions.
{"title":"Review of brine droplets impacting heated surfaces","authors":"Jiawei Liu, Xiaowei Yang, Jiaqi Mu, Lin Mu, Xiaohua Liu","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad094","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract So far, brine droplet impact has received less attention compared with water droplets, but the impact of brine droplets on heated surfaces frequently occurs in the industry, agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. The kinematics and evaporation of brine droplet impact on heated surfaces deserve paying much more attention due to their wide industry applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of existing research on the dynamics, evaporation and crystallization characteristics of brine droplets impacting heated surfaces. The effect of salt in droplets on the evaporation rate, component transportation and crystal deposition are discussed. In addition, this review also summarized inadequacies of existing research and recommended concerning future research directions.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenjin Chen, Hao Huang, Jun Zhang, Silei Yao, Ruoyi Zhang
Offshore wind is a very promising renewable energy source, and offshore wind power has been widely used. However, the maintenance of offshore wind power is a very inconvenient task, which not only is difficult to operate but also can be very costly, and it is essential to anticipate offshore wind power failures in advance. In this paper, we focus on wind turbine faults for analysis, wherein we use a high-performance radial basis function (RBF) neural network, and to obtain the center of its RBF, the normalization constant and the weighting coefficients from the hidden layer to the output layer for better performance, we use an optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm so as to obtain more accurate parameters and therefore seek better performance. We focus on two very high failure rates of wind turbines for testing, and the results show that our proposed method can predict the occurrence of failures 10–20 h in advance and thus have a good performance.
{"title":"Research on failure prediction of wind turbines in offshore wind clusters","authors":"Wenjin Chen, Hao Huang, Jun Zhang, Silei Yao, Ruoyi Zhang","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad054","url":null,"abstract":"Offshore wind is a very promising renewable energy source, and offshore wind power has been widely used. However, the maintenance of offshore wind power is a very inconvenient task, which not only is difficult to operate but also can be very costly, and it is essential to anticipate offshore wind power failures in advance. In this paper, we focus on wind turbine faults for analysis, wherein we use a high-performance radial basis function (RBF) neural network, and to obtain the center of its RBF, the normalization constant and the weighting coefficients from the hidden layer to the output layer for better performance, we use an optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm so as to obtain more accurate parameters and therefore seek better performance. We focus on two very high failure rates of wind turbines for testing, and the results show that our proposed method can predict the occurrence of failures 10–20 h in advance and thus have a good performance.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60777385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is based on the conceptual-thermodynamic design and exergoeconomic investigation of a new poly-generation system driven by a biomass fuel (i.e. wood). In the proposed energy system, a Rankine power process, a gasification process, a desalination process (i.e. multi-effect desalination, MED) and a water electrolyzer (i.e. solid oxide electrolyzer cell, SOEC) are installed in a hybrid form. Electric energy, fresh water and hydrogen gas are the useful output products of the proposed energy system. The proposed energy system indicates an innovative framework for the carbon-free production of these products, which introduces an environmentally friendly and efficient schematic. The findings of the research indicated that the proposed energy system is capable of producing more than 1.8 MW of electric power. Other useful output products of the proposed energy system include hydrogen fuel and fresh water, which were calculated as 0.0036 kg/s and 9.92 m3/h, respectively. It was also calculated that the proposed energy system can achieve energetic and exergetic efficiencies equal to 37.1% and 17.8%, respectively. The total unit exergy cost of the products and the exergy destruction rate of the proposed energy system were equal to 15.9$/GJ and 8640 kW, respectively. Parametric analysis is also presented in order to identify the input variables affecting the performance of the energy system. Further, the behavior of the system under four different types of biomass was evaluated and compared.
{"title":"Exergoeconomic evaluation of a new carbon-free hydrogen and freshwater production system based on biomass gasification process","authors":"Xinhua Zhang, Hong Li, M. Taghavi","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad012","url":null,"abstract":"This article is based on the conceptual-thermodynamic design and exergoeconomic investigation of a new poly-generation system driven by a biomass fuel (i.e. wood). In the proposed energy system, a Rankine power process, a gasification process, a desalination process (i.e. multi-effect desalination, MED) and a water electrolyzer (i.e. solid oxide electrolyzer cell, SOEC) are installed in a hybrid form. Electric energy, fresh water and hydrogen gas are the useful output products of the proposed energy system. The proposed energy system indicates an innovative framework for the carbon-free production of these products, which introduces an environmentally friendly and efficient schematic. The findings of the research indicated that the proposed energy system is capable of producing more than 1.8 MW of electric power. Other useful output products of the proposed energy system include hydrogen fuel and fresh water, which were calculated as 0.0036 kg/s and 9.92 m3/h, respectively. It was also calculated that the proposed energy system can achieve energetic and exergetic efficiencies equal to 37.1% and 17.8%, respectively. The total unit exergy cost of the products and the exergy destruction rate of the proposed energy system were equal to 15.9$/GJ and 8640 kW, respectively. Parametric analysis is also presented in order to identify the input variables affecting the performance of the energy system. Further, the behavior of the system under four different types of biomass was evaluated and compared.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60777280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monisha Ravi, Balasubramanian Murugesan, K. Onyelowe
The bonding strength of waste recycled cement mortar in a low carbon brick masonry prism is influenced by this study. The disposal of marine and industrial trash has emerged as a serious environmental and ecological concern across the world against the climate action of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) and COP27. The use of alternative waste materials in the cement industry minimizes the carbon footprint in the manufacture, construction and overall building lifespan and enhances low carbon technology. The bonding 1ehaveior of the 3R hybrid cement (oyster shell, ground granulated blast furnace slag and tyre waste powder) is evaluated in a brick masonry prism. The impact of hybrid mortar bond strength on triplet masonry prism specimens and cement mortar cubes is investigated in this study using first-class bricks and OPC 53 cement with 3R waste materials. In addition, the chemical characteristics, workability, compressive strength, shear, bond, thermal, durable and microstructure studies of traditional and hybrid cement composites were determined. These three waste material compositions in the cement matrix have an influence on the development of alternative waste recycling and reuse materials in industry. Using hybrid cement saves CO2 emissions, low carbon emissions and energy consumption and has economic and environmental implications. The testing findings show that the brick-and-mortar bond has an excellent lead with the maximum compressive strength of the brick masonry prism.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of marine and industrial wastes in cement to envelope low carbon environment in manufacturing process","authors":"Monisha Ravi, Balasubramanian Murugesan, K. Onyelowe","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad082","url":null,"abstract":"The bonding strength of waste recycled cement mortar in a low carbon brick masonry prism is influenced by this study. The disposal of marine and industrial trash has emerged as a serious environmental and ecological concern across the world against the climate action of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) and COP27. The use of alternative waste materials in the cement industry minimizes the carbon footprint in the manufacture, construction and overall building lifespan and enhances low carbon technology. The bonding 1ehaveior of the 3R hybrid cement (oyster shell, ground granulated blast furnace slag and tyre waste powder) is evaluated in a brick masonry prism. The impact of hybrid mortar bond strength on triplet masonry prism specimens and cement mortar cubes is investigated in this study using first-class bricks and OPC 53 cement with 3R waste materials. In addition, the chemical characteristics, workability, compressive strength, shear, bond, thermal, durable and microstructure studies of traditional and hybrid cement composites were determined. These three waste material compositions in the cement matrix have an influence on the development of alternative waste recycling and reuse materials in industry. Using hybrid cement saves CO2 emissions, low carbon emissions and energy consumption and has economic and environmental implications. The testing findings show that the brick-and-mortar bond has an excellent lead with the maximum compressive strength of the brick masonry prism.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60777877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, China’s construction industry has faced looming problems such as sloppy production methods and environmental pollution. Then the initiative of ‘synergistic development of intelligent construction and construction industrialization (ICCI)’ was proposed, which brings new opportunities for the transformation and upgrading and high-quality development of the construction industry. However, the synergy degree in the development of ICCI cannot be measured by the senses. Therefore, this study is devoted to quantitative analysis of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI by establishing a mathematical model. The concept of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI is defined based on synergetics. CiteSpace software is used to determine the five basic elements of talent, technology, information, environment and policy for the synergistic development of ICCI. Based on this, building a mechanism for synergistic development of ICCI with the Driving Force-State-Response (DFSR) model. Establishing an evaluation index system for the synergy degree in the development of ICCI through expert interviews. Then, combining entropy power method and coupling coordination model to empirically analyse the synergy degree in the development of ICCI in Shenyang. The results show that Shenyang is currently at the stage of high-level coupling and high-quality synergy, which is consistent with the actual development. It is also confirmed that the evaluation system of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI is scientific and reasonable. Finally, this study summarizes the suggestions for different levels of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI, which provides a reference for each region to better promote the synergistic development of ICCI.
{"title":"Synergy Degree Evaluation in the Development of Intelligent Construction and Construction Industrialization—A Case Study of Shenyang, China","authors":"Jiangxuan Wu, Lihong Li","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad065","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, China’s construction industry has faced looming problems such as sloppy production methods and environmental pollution. Then the initiative of ‘synergistic development of intelligent construction and construction industrialization (ICCI)’ was proposed, which brings new opportunities for the transformation and upgrading and high-quality development of the construction industry. However, the synergy degree in the development of ICCI cannot be measured by the senses. Therefore, this study is devoted to quantitative analysis of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI by establishing a mathematical model. The concept of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI is defined based on synergetics. CiteSpace software is used to determine the five basic elements of talent, technology, information, environment and policy for the synergistic development of ICCI. Based on this, building a mechanism for synergistic development of ICCI with the Driving Force-State-Response (DFSR) model. Establishing an evaluation index system for the synergy degree in the development of ICCI through expert interviews. Then, combining entropy power method and coupling coordination model to empirically analyse the synergy degree in the development of ICCI in Shenyang. The results show that Shenyang is currently at the stage of high-level coupling and high-quality synergy, which is consistent with the actual development. It is also confirmed that the evaluation system of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI is scientific and reasonable. Finally, this study summarizes the suggestions for different levels of the synergy degree in the development of ICCI, which provides a reference for each region to better promote the synergistic development of ICCI.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60777961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Mild steel corrosion in acidic environments presents a significant challenge with detrimental consequences for both industrial infrastructure and the environment. Effective corrosion control measures are crucial to prolonging the lifespan of equipment. Inhibition techniques have proven to be an efficient method for protecting mild steel from corrosion, particularly in acidic conditions. This study investigates the efficacy of 3-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)aniline (3-OYA) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. Traditional weight-loss tests, as well as electrochemical techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, were employed to evaluate the corrosion inhibition performance. The results reveal that 3-OYA, at a concentration of 0.05 mM, exhibits an outstanding protection efficacy of 93.5%. This remarkable performance can be attributed to the formation of a protective adsorption layer on the mild steel surface, effectively inhibiting the corrosion rate and enhancing inhibitory efficacy. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration, while it decreased with rising temperature. Langmuir adsorption isotherm analysis confirmed the high adsorption–inhibition activity of 3-OYA. The $Delta {G}_{ads}^o$ value indicated the occurrence of both physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms on the mild steel surface. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to determine the quantum chemical parameters and establish a correlation between the inhibition activity and the molecular structure. The consistency between the experimental and theoretical analyses reinforces the robustness of our findings.
{"title":"Investigation of 3-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)aniline as a highly efficient corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution","authors":"Ahmed Alamiery, Waleed K Al-Azzawi","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mild steel corrosion in acidic environments presents a significant challenge with detrimental consequences for both industrial infrastructure and the environment. Effective corrosion control measures are crucial to prolonging the lifespan of equipment. Inhibition techniques have proven to be an efficient method for protecting mild steel from corrosion, particularly in acidic conditions. This study investigates the efficacy of 3-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)aniline (3-OYA) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution. Traditional weight-loss tests, as well as electrochemical techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, were employed to evaluate the corrosion inhibition performance. The results reveal that 3-OYA, at a concentration of 0.05 mM, exhibits an outstanding protection efficacy of 93.5%. This remarkable performance can be attributed to the formation of a protective adsorption layer on the mild steel surface, effectively inhibiting the corrosion rate and enhancing inhibitory efficacy. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration, while it decreased with rising temperature. Langmuir adsorption isotherm analysis confirmed the high adsorption–inhibition activity of 3-OYA. The $Delta {G}_{ads}^o$ value indicated the occurrence of both physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms on the mild steel surface. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to determine the quantum chemical parameters and establish a correlation between the inhibition activity and the molecular structure. The consistency between the experimental and theoretical analyses reinforces the robustness of our findings.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135893786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vijay Patel, K B Judal, Hitesh Panchal, Naveen Kumar Gupta, Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra, Mohd Asif Shah
Abstract Researchers have carried out the kinetics of various agro products for open sun drying, but research articles still need to address such analysis for cotton seeds. Open sun drying of cotton seeds has been experimentally investigated and presented in this paper. Shorting of cotton seeds was carried out to collect appropriate samples in current research work. Cotton seeds were found to have a nearly ovoid shape with an average radius of 2 to 2.5 mm. The initial moisture content of cotton seeds was estimated to be 14.65% wet-basis using the hot air oven method. During drying, the reduction in the mass of cotton seeds was measured at every one-hour time interval. From this data, it was observed that drying occurred with a falling rate period. Drying data were fitted with 10 mathematical models available in the literature. Multi-regression analysis in Excel-solver equation was performed to obtain values of constants and coefficients of these models. Coefficient of determination (R2), reduced chi-square (χ2) and root mean square error were taken as criteria for the selection of the best drying model. The diffusion approach and models by Verma et al. were chosen as the most suitable drying models for open sun drying of cotton seeds. Effective diffusivity was estimated and found within the range suggested in the literature.
{"title":"Mathematical modelling and verification of open sun drying of cotton seeds","authors":"Vijay Patel, K B Judal, Hitesh Panchal, Naveen Kumar Gupta, Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra, Mohd Asif Shah","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctad075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctad075","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Researchers have carried out the kinetics of various agro products for open sun drying, but research articles still need to address such analysis for cotton seeds. Open sun drying of cotton seeds has been experimentally investigated and presented in this paper. Shorting of cotton seeds was carried out to collect appropriate samples in current research work. Cotton seeds were found to have a nearly ovoid shape with an average radius of 2 to 2.5 mm. The initial moisture content of cotton seeds was estimated to be 14.65% wet-basis using the hot air oven method. During drying, the reduction in the mass of cotton seeds was measured at every one-hour time interval. From this data, it was observed that drying occurred with a falling rate period. Drying data were fitted with 10 mathematical models available in the literature. Multi-regression analysis in Excel-solver equation was performed to obtain values of constants and coefficients of these models. Coefficient of determination (R2), reduced chi-square (χ2) and root mean square error were taken as criteria for the selection of the best drying model. The diffusion approach and models by Verma et al. were chosen as the most suitable drying models for open sun drying of cotton seeds. Effective diffusivity was estimated and found within the range suggested in the literature.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"61 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135734834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tzu-Chia Chen, Rustam Rashidov, Mark Treve, Ahmed B. Mahdi, A. T. Hammid, A. Jalil, A. Shamel
Systems of cogeneration of cooling, heating and electric power with renewable energy sources are a very suitable solution for the independency of fossil fuels and reducing the emission of environmental pollutants. In this research, an internal combustion engine with a boiler and a linear parabolic concentrating collector has been used to realize the production of electrical and thermal energy. That the internal combustion engine is responsible for the production of electric power, which is responsible for the thermal energy by the concentrated linear collector with the boiler and the heat exchanger. Due to the need for thermal energy at different times, a thermal storage tank has been used in such a way that the thermal energy produced by the solar collector and boiler is stored in the tank to supply the load at the required times. The results show that the total cost of final products for one day of the hottest month of summer in the proposed thermal power plant with fossil fuel will be $69.3 and $63.5, respectively, and for 1 day of the coldest month of winter, the total cost of producing final products in the proposed and fossil system will be $31.6 and $28.5, respectively.
{"title":"Cooling, heating and power system","authors":"Tzu-Chia Chen, Rustam Rashidov, Mark Treve, Ahmed B. Mahdi, A. T. Hammid, A. Jalil, A. Shamel","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/ctac122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctac122","url":null,"abstract":"Systems of cogeneration of cooling, heating and electric power with renewable energy sources are a very suitable solution for the independency of fossil fuels and reducing the emission of environmental pollutants. In this research, an internal combustion engine with a boiler and a linear parabolic concentrating collector has been used to realize the production of electrical and thermal energy. That the internal combustion engine is responsible for the production of electric power, which is responsible for the thermal energy by the concentrated linear collector with the boiler and the heat exchanger. Due to the need for thermal energy at different times, a thermal storage tank has been used in such a way that the thermal energy produced by the solar collector and boiler is stored in the tank to supply the load at the required times. The results show that the total cost of final products for one day of the hottest month of summer in the proposed thermal power plant with fossil fuel will be $69.3 and $63.5, respectively, and for 1 day of the coldest month of winter, the total cost of producing final products in the proposed and fossil system will be $31.6 and $28.5, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14118,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low-carbon Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60776603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadegh Nikbakht Naserabad, M. Akbari Vakilabadi, M. Ahmadi
Integrated energy systems are one of the potential options for buildings that can reduce emission. In this research study, the energetic and economic performance of a micro-gas turbine combined heating and cooling plant coupled with a solar PV is analyzed for an office building in Iran. For each analysis, two different scenarios have been performed. System sizing parameters defined in a way that renewable to fossil fuel share is correlated to plant performance and economy. To model the studied system, a time-dependent method is used, which is the inherent characteristic of renewable energies. The renewable energies used here are solar heaters and solar panels. Contours of Net Present Value (NPV) are evaluated as a function of solar heating share and different economic parameters. In addition, optimal system sizing for a typical building is obtained and the results are provided. Effect of various major parameters shows that under the current condition and despite the supportive incentive for renewable energies, strategies and plans even without solar energy are not economically viable due to the high discount rates. In addition, results provide that, in reasonable and normal discount rate, fuel and grid electricity prices, governmental subsidization for conventional combined heat, and power (CHP) and combined cooling, heat, and power(CCHP) is not necessary, and only in this condition solar electricity selling price (i.e. governmental support program) is effective to increase renewable penetration. The results show that if the interest rate is less than 5%, the NPV becomes positive. Also, when the electricity price reaches $0.07/kWh or higher, the NPV becomes positive.
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