{"title":"Hommage à Pierre Malgrange","authors":"H. Erkel-Rousse","doi":"10.3917/ECOP1.217.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ECOP1.217.0141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129901607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy efficiency improvements is a mechanism used to try to reduce energy consumption. But it may have perverse effects. When the energy performance of a device is improved, the cost of this service for consumers decreases for consumers, which may encourage them to consume a larger amount of this service. The magnitude of this effect, called rebound effect, is still in debate. We measure this effect for individual transport use in France. We show the rebound effect is dependent on the characteristics of the household (income level, geographical location). We use econometric results to simulate environmental taxation policies.
{"title":"How do Fuel Taxes Impact Rebound Effect? Empirical Evidence from French Households","authors":"Catherine Benjamin, Alejandra Giraldo Hurtado","doi":"10.3917/ecop.216.0115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.216.0115","url":null,"abstract":"Energy efficiency improvements is a mechanism used to try to reduce energy consumption. But it may have perverse effects. When the energy performance of a device is improved, the cost of this service for consumers decreases for consumers, which may encourage them to consume a larger amount of this service. The magnitude of this effect, called rebound effect, is still in debate. We measure this effect for individual transport use in France. We show the rebound effect is dependent on the characteristics of the household (income level, geographical location). We use econometric results to simulate environmental taxation policies.","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131431843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article estimates the cost of the recent reform of the French school-week schedule to municipalities. Detailed data from both the municipal financial accounts and the timetables of each school are used. This makes it possible to differentiate the impact of the reform on expenditure by type of expense (operating grants, staff costs, general expenses), and to differentiate the financial impact of the reform according to the modalities of its implementation. The estimates reveal a significant gross cost of the reform to municipalities, exceeding?200?euros per pupil, which may however vary significantly depending on the timetable configurations chosen.
{"title":"Le coût de la réforme des rythmes scolaires pour les communes","authors":"Aurélie Cassette, Étienne Farvaque","doi":"10.3917/ecop.216.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.216.0021","url":null,"abstract":"The article estimates the cost of the recent reform of the French school-week schedule to municipalities. Detailed data from both the municipal financial accounts and the timetables of each school are used. This makes it possible to differentiate the impact of the reform on expenditure by type of expense (operating grants, staff costs, general expenses), and to differentiate the financial impact of the reform according to the modalities of its implementation. The estimates reveal a significant gross cost of the reform to municipalities, exceeding?200?euros per pupil, which may however vary significantly depending on the timetable configurations chosen.","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131651404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En 2014, la politique de promotion des Agendas 21 Locaux a ete lourdement questionnee en France, principalement a cause de son manque d’evaluation, notamment en termes quantitatifs. La Cour des comptes a pointe, dans le refere n° 70375 du 9 juillet 2014, « [...] l’absence frequente d’indicateurs de resultats et de toute evaluation financiere, ex ante ou ex post, de leurs effets ». Afin de repondre a ce manque d’evaluation, cet article a pour principal objectif de proposer une estimation de l’impact de l’adoption de l’Agenda 21 Local sur le revenu par habitant dans les communes francaises. Cette estimation est precedee d’une reflexion sur la difficulte d’evaluer les dispositifs de developpement durable. Classification JEL : Q01, C23, E01
{"title":"Évaluer économiquement le développement durable : l’Agenda 21 Local dans les communes françaises","authors":"Quentin Dechezleprêtre","doi":"10.3917/ecop.215.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.215.0091","url":null,"abstract":"En 2014, la politique de promotion des Agendas 21 Locaux a ete lourdement questionnee en France,\u0000principalement a cause de son manque d’evaluation, notamment en termes quantitatifs. La Cour des comptes a\u0000pointe, dans le refere n° 70375 du 9 juillet 2014, « [...] l’absence frequente d’indicateurs de resultats et de toute\u0000evaluation financiere, ex ante ou ex post, de leurs effets ». Afin de repondre a ce manque d’evaluation, cet article a\u0000pour principal objectif de proposer une estimation de l’impact de l’adoption de l’Agenda 21 Local sur le revenu par\u0000habitant dans les communes francaises. Cette estimation est precedee d’une reflexion sur la difficulte d’evaluer les\u0000dispositifs de developpement durable.\u0000 Classification JEL : Q01, C23, E01","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128191225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En France, plusieurs reformes des retraites ont conduit a allonger la duree d’assurance requise pour le taux plein. Le but est d’encourager le recul de l’âge effectif de depart a la retraite, et ce faisant d’allonger la duree des carrieres. Cet allongement de la duree d’assurance entend egalement epargner les assures ayant commence a travailler jeunes. Nous proposons de verifier dans quelle mesure ce second objectif a ete atteint, en etudiant la trajectoire professionnelle des assures qui ont vu leur duree d’assurance requise augmenter du fait de la reforme de 1993, a l’aide des donnees de la Caisse nationale d’assurance vieillesse. Nous mesurons alors les modifications de comportement de depart a la retraite des assures touches par l’allongement de la duree requise de 1993, en fonction de leurs trajectoires professionnelles. Classification JEL : J14, J26, D04
{"title":"L’allongement de la durée d’assurance a-t-il atteint sa cible ? Une analyse à partir des données de la Cnav","authors":"Samia Benallah, Agathe Dardier","doi":"10.3917/ECOP.215.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ECOP.215.0065","url":null,"abstract":"En France, plusieurs reformes des retraites ont conduit a allonger la duree d’assurance requise pour le taux plein. Le\u0000but est d’encourager le recul de l’âge effectif de depart a la retraite, et ce faisant d’allonger la duree des carrieres. Cet\u0000allongement de la duree d’assurance entend egalement epargner les assures ayant commence a travailler jeunes.\u0000Nous proposons de verifier dans quelle mesure ce second objectif a ete atteint, en etudiant la trajectoire\u0000professionnelle des assures qui ont vu leur duree d’assurance requise augmenter du fait de la reforme de 1993, a\u0000l’aide des donnees de la Caisse nationale d’assurance vieillesse. Nous mesurons alors les modifications de\u0000comportement de depart a la retraite des assures touches par l’allongement de la duree requise de 1993, en fonction\u0000de leurs trajectoires professionnelles.\u0000 Classification JEL : J14, J26, D04","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128621799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Un argument souvent mis en avant lorsque sont evoques les effets positifs de l’immigration pour les pays d’accueil est que l’entree d’immigres aurait des effets positifs sur la demande et donc sur la croissance. L’objectif de ce papier est de mesurer la contribution des immigres a la consommation totale en France, sur la periode 1979-2011 et d’etudier leurs differences de comportements de consommation avec leurs homologues natifs. Avec une analyse comptable, on montre qu’a tout âge, un immigre consomme en moyenne moins qu’un natif. Cependant la part de la demande des immigres dans la demande totale est proportionnelle a leur poids dans la population totale. Nous trouvons que c’est la structure par âge de la population immigree (surrepresentee dans la classe d’âge active ou la consommation est a son niveau maximum) qui permet la compensation entre le niveau individuel et agrege. L’analyse des differences de consommation montre que les immigres consomment, toutes choses egales par ailleurs, 10,7 % de moins que les natifs. Cette difference est, cependant, majoritairement expliquee par les caracteristiques individuelles observables. Classification JEL : E21, F22, D10
{"title":"Immigrés et natifs en France : une analyse des comportements de consommation","authors":"N. Sokhna","doi":"10.3917/ECOP.215.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ECOP.215.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Un argument souvent mis en avant lorsque sont evoques les effets positifs de l’immigration pour les pays d’accueil\u0000est que l’entree d’immigres aurait des effets positifs sur la demande et donc sur la croissance. L’objectif de ce papier\u0000est de mesurer la contribution des immigres a la consommation totale en France, sur la periode 1979-2011 et\u0000d’etudier leurs differences de comportements de consommation avec leurs homologues natifs. Avec une analyse\u0000comptable, on montre qu’a tout âge, un immigre consomme en moyenne moins qu’un natif. Cependant la part de la\u0000demande des immigres dans la demande totale est proportionnelle a leur poids dans la population totale. Nous\u0000trouvons que c’est la structure par âge de la population immigree (surrepresentee dans la classe d’âge active ou la\u0000consommation est a son niveau maximum) qui permet la compensation entre le niveau individuel et agrege.\u0000L’analyse des differences de consommation montre que les immigres consomment, toutes choses egales par\u0000ailleurs, 10,7 % de moins que les natifs. Cette difference est, cependant, majoritairement expliquee par les\u0000caracteristiques individuelles observables.\u0000 Classification JEL : E21, F22, D10","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127886079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Éditorial. L’évaluation des politiques publiques dans un contexte de défaillances de marché : applications aux domaines de l’éducation, de la santé, de l’environnement et du territoire","authors":"T. Barnay, F. Mihoubi, Y. Videau","doi":"10.3917/ecop.216.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.216.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115435772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L’Indemnite compensatoire de handicaps naturels (ICHN) est une subvention de la politique agricole commune qui cible les elevages extensifs a l’herbe dans les zones defavorisees. Cette etude evalue l’impact de la reforme 2015 sur un indicateur revelateur des pratiques agricoles respectueuses de l’environnement : le taux de surfaces en herbe. A partir d’une methode d’evaluation par effets fixes sur donnees de panel, on estime que le complement a l’ICHN de 70€/ha introduit en 2015 a conduit les exploitations beneficiaires dont la production est principalement vegetale a augmenter en moyenne de 3,3 points de pourcentage leurs surfaces herbageres en 2016. L’arret de la Prime herbagere agro-environnementale (PHAE) a entraine quant a elle une baisse moyenne de 2,2 points de pourcentage des surfaces herbageres des exploitations touchees. Le solde de ces deux effets aboutirait a un supplement de surfaces herbageres de plus de 20 000 hectares. Classification JEL : C01, C23, Q15, Q18, Q24
{"title":"La réforme 2015 de la politique agricole commune : évaluation de l’impact de la réforme de l’indemnité compensatoire de handicaps naturels sur les surfaces herbagères","authors":"G. Gallic, V. Marcus","doi":"10.3917/ecop.215.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.215.0113","url":null,"abstract":"L’Indemnite compensatoire de handicaps naturels (ICHN) est une subvention de la politique agricole commune qui\u0000cible les elevages extensifs a l’herbe dans les zones defavorisees. Cette etude evalue l’impact de la reforme 2015 sur\u0000un indicateur revelateur des pratiques agricoles respectueuses de l’environnement : le taux de surfaces en herbe. A\u0000partir d’une methode d’evaluation par effets fixes sur donnees de panel, on estime que le complement a l’ICHN de\u000070€/ha introduit en 2015 a conduit les exploitations beneficiaires dont la production est principalement vegetale a\u0000augmenter en moyenne de 3,3 points de pourcentage leurs surfaces herbageres en 2016. L’arret de la Prime\u0000herbagere agro-environnementale (PHAE) a entraine quant a elle une baisse moyenne de 2,2 points de pourcentage\u0000des surfaces herbageres des exploitations touchees. Le solde de ces deux effets aboutirait a un supplement de\u0000surfaces herbageres de plus de 20 000 hectares.\u0000 Classification JEL : C01, C23, Q15, Q18, Q24","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126858420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne-Marie Konopka, T. Barnay, Nathalie Billaudeau, C. Sevilla-Dedieu
The goal of this study is to analyse the drivers of geographic disparities in cervical cancer screening in France. The studied sample consisted of women aged?25?to?65?enrolled in the statutory health insurance scheme (and possibly the complementary scheme) with MGEN, a French non-for-profit health insurance institution ( ?mutuelle?), from?1 January?2012?to?31?December?2014. Multilevel models confirm territorial inequalities in cervical cancer screening. Moreover, they show that age, the cost of gynecological appointment, and residence in a deprived area are all associated with a decrease of the likelihood of being screened. On the contrary, living in a couple, coverage by statutory and complementary health insurance, medical monitoring for contraception or pregnancy, being screened for breast cancer, and the density of health professionals are associated with increased cervical cancer screening uptake. Different policy levers are discussed in relation to the major role played by health professionals in screening access.
{"title":"Les déterminants du recours au dépistage du cancer du col de l’utérus : une analyse départementale","authors":"Anne-Marie Konopka, T. Barnay, Nathalie Billaudeau, C. Sevilla-Dedieu","doi":"10.3917/ECOP.216.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ECOP.216.0043","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study is to analyse the drivers of geographic disparities in cervical cancer screening in France. The studied sample consisted of women aged?25?to?65?enrolled in the statutory health insurance scheme (and possibly the complementary scheme) with MGEN, a French non-for-profit health insurance institution ( ?mutuelle?), from?1 January?2012?to?31?December?2014. Multilevel models confirm territorial inequalities in cervical cancer screening. Moreover, they show that age, the cost of gynecological appointment, and residence in a deprived area are all associated with a decrease of the likelihood of being screened. On the contrary, living in a couple, coverage by statutory and complementary health insurance, medical monitoring for contraception or pregnancy, being screened for breast cancer, and the density of health professionals are associated with increased cervical cancer screening uptake. Different policy levers are discussed in relation to the major role played by health professionals in screening access.","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124260750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Informal caregivers in employment have considerable difficulty reconciling their social times because of their multiple responsibilities (family, parental, domestic, professional and caregiver), and may then reduce their work to part-time. To cast light on the potential effects of part-time work on the reconciliation of social times, we compare the situation of informal caregivers in full-time and in part-time employment, using the propensity score matching method. This makes it possible to control for the heterogeneity of observable variables taking into account the determinants of recourse to part-time work. Part-time employment may be a deliberate choice and thus reflect specific caregiving preferences and behaviours. Accordingly, we also control for unobservable variables relating to the propensity to be a caregiver. The results show that, other things being equal, a shift to part-time work contributes to increasing time devoted to caregiving more than proportionately to the reduction in time worked; the increased caregiving time contributes to explain the greater probability of caregivers in part-time employment reporting a reduction in social relations and caregiving-related psychological problems.
{"title":"Effets du temps partiel sur la conciliation des temps sociaux des aidants","authors":"Anaïs Cheneau","doi":"10.3917/ecop.216.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/ecop.216.0065","url":null,"abstract":"Informal caregivers in employment have considerable difficulty reconciling their social times because of their multiple responsibilities (family, parental, domestic, professional and caregiver), and may then reduce their work to part-time. To cast light on the potential effects of part-time work on the reconciliation of social times, we compare the situation of informal caregivers in full-time and in part-time employment, using the propensity score matching method. This makes it possible to control for the heterogeneity of observable variables taking into account the determinants of recourse to part-time work. Part-time employment may be a deliberate choice and thus reflect specific caregiving preferences and behaviours. Accordingly, we also control for unobservable variables relating to the propensity to be a caregiver. The results show that, other things being equal, a shift to part-time work contributes to increasing time devoted to caregiving more than proportionately to the reduction in time worked; the increased caregiving time contributes to explain the greater probability of caregivers in part-time employment reporting a reduction in social relations and caregiving-related psychological problems.","PeriodicalId":141680,"journal":{"name":"Économie & prévision","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130438501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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