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Electronic Aspects of the Synergistic Antioxidant Interaction of Various Pairs “Phenolic Food Acid and Glutathione” in Their Reactions with the Stable Radical Cation ABTS<sup>+·</sup> 不同对“酚类食物酸和谷胱甘肽”与稳定自由基阳离子ABTS<sup>+& lt;/sup>
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2023.133008
Mikhail Yu. Gorbachev, Natalia N. Gorinchoy, Iolanta I. Balan
In the present work, for the first time, the main details of the electronic mechanism of the synergistic antioxidant interaction between different pairs: phenolic food acid and glutathione and the stable radical cation ABTS+· were revealed on the basis of a rigorous analysis of the DFT calculated data. It was shown that among all the studied food acids, only caffeic acid exhibits a clear-cut significant synergistic effect with glutathione. It established the electronic and structural factors underlying the mechanism of the synergistic interaction of the mixture caffeic acid and glutathione in its reaction with ABTS+·. The main causes of this considered synergistic effect are, firstly, the presence of the 3-OH and 4-OH hydroxyl groups in the structure of caffeic acid, secondly, the greater stability of its anion which contains the deprotonated 4-OH hydroxyl group. All other phenolic food acids under study do not possess the given structural particularity and therefore do not show such synergistic effects with glutathione.
本文在对DFT计算数据进行严密分析的基础上,首次揭示了酚类食物酸和谷胱甘肽以及稳定自由基阳离子ABTS+·之间协同抗氧化相互作用的电子机制的主要细节。结果表明,在所研究的食物酸中,只有咖啡酸与谷胱甘肽具有明显的协同作用。确定了咖啡酸和谷胱甘肽复合物与ABTS+·协同作用机制的电子和结构因素。产生这种协同效应的主要原因是,首先,咖啡酸的结构中存在3-OH和4-OH羟基,其次,咖啡酸的阴离子含有去质子化的4-OH羟基,其稳定性更高。所研究的所有其他酚类食物酸都不具有给定的结构特殊性,因此与谷胱甘肽没有这种协同作用。
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引用次数: 0
Chemoselective Reduction of Fenofibric Acid to Alcohol in the Presence of Ketone by Mixed Anhydride and Sodium Borohydride. 混合酸酐和硼氢化钠在酮存在下将非纤维酸化学选择性还原为醇。
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2022.122010
Greesha N Majethia, Wahajul Haq, Ganesaratnam K Balendiran

A highly efficient and facile protocol for the selective reduction of carboxylic acid of Fenofibric acid to corresponding alcohol was developed. The selective reduction was carried out by activation of carboxylic acid by mixed anhydride followed by the reaction of sodium borohydride in presence of methanol. This is the first example of chemoselective reduction of carboxylic acid to alcohol in presence of a ketone without any external catalyst or ligand in a single step. The reaction offers wide applicability for the selective carboxylic group reduction methodology. The chemoselective reduction was demonstrated by the reduction of Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of the drug Fenofibrate, to corresponding alcohol in excellent selectivity, yield, and purity.

提出了一种高效、简便的非诺纤维酸羧酸选择性还原为相应醇的工艺方案。先用混合酸酐活化羧酸,再用硼氢化钠在甲醇存在下进行选择性还原。这是第一个在没有任何外部催化剂或配体的情况下,在一个步骤中,在酮的存在下,将羧酸化学选择性还原为醇的例子。该反应为选择性羧基还原方法提供了广泛的适用性。非诺贝特药物的活性代谢物非诺贝特酸以极好的选择性、收率和纯度还原为相应的醇,证明了化学选择性还原。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and Chiral Separation of Fibratol, Isopropyl 2-(4-((4-chlorophenyl)(hydroxyl) methyl)-phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate. 异丙基2-(4-((4-氯苯基)(羟基)甲基)-苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酸纤维醇的合成及手性分离
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 Epub Date: 2018-05-30 DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2018.82015
Amanda E Kotheimer, Wahajul Haq, Ganesaratnam K Balendiran

Practical synthetic route for the formation of enantiomeric mixture of Isopropyl 2-(4-((4-chlorophenyl)(hydroxyl)methyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate (Fibratol 2a/b) from isopropyl 2-(4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate (Fenofibrate 1) has been developed. Method has also been established for the chiral separation of enantiomers of Fibratol 2a/b that is synthesized using the route mentioned above. The optical activity determined for enantiomerically separated Fibratol (2a) and Fibratol (2b) are -5.2° and 8.0° which reflect their ability to rotate plane polarized light counterclockwise (levo) and clockwise (dextro), respectively.

提出了由2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰)苯氧基异丙基-2-甲基丙酸酯(Fenofibrate 1)合成2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰)(羟基)甲基)苯氧基-2-甲基丙酸酯(Fibratol 2a/b)对映体混合物的实用合成路线。本文还建立了用上述方法合成的Fibratol 2a/b对映体的手性分离方法。对映体分离的Fibratol (2a)和Fibratol (2b)的旋光度分别为-5.2°和8.0°,反映了它们对平面偏振光逆时针(左旋)和顺时针(右旋)旋转的能力。
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引用次数: 1
Microwave Application and Anhydrous Cu(OAc)2 Mediated O-Arylation of Aliphatic Amino Alcohols. 微波应用及无水Cu(OAc)2介导的脂肪族氨基醇o -芳基化反应。
Pub Date : 2016-06-01 Epub Date: 2016-05-27 DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2016.62011
Mohammad Al-Masum, Linda Quinones, Laurance T Cain

Anhydrous Cu(OAc)2 mediated efficient protocol has been developed in the area of C-O coupling from potassium aryltrifluoroborates and aliphatic amino alcohols such as β-hydroxy, γ-hydroxy, and δ-hydroxy amines. The scope of this transformation focuses on direct O-arylation and Ostyrylation. The reaction vial loaded with reactants under argon atmosphere is microwaved at 140°C for 30 min to furnish the corresponding cross-coupling product, amino ethers, in good yields.

在三氟硼酸芳基钾与脂肪族氨基醇(如β-羟基、γ-羟基和δ-羟基胺)的C-O偶联领域,无水Cu(OAc)2介导的高效方案已经被开发出来。这种转化的范围主要集中在直接o -芳基化和Ostyrylation。将装有反应物的反应瓶置于氩气环境下,在140℃下微波加热30 min,得到相应的交联产物氨基醚,收率高。
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引用次数: 1
Synthesis of a Fluorophore with Improved Optical Brightness. 提高光学亮度的荧光团的合成。
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2013.34037
Macduff Okuom, Mark Wilson, Jordan Groathouse, Junsik Lee, Dave Symonsbergen, Casey Gustafson, Mitch Trauernicht, Homar Barcena, Cassie Reicks, Sharmin Sikich, Raychelle Burks, Andrea Holmes

The synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorophore(1), with potential application as an optical brightener are reported. This compound was prepared by reacting 4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid with cyanuric chloride in the presence of Na2CO3 followed by the addition of trityl aniline. Solution and solid state fluorescence demonstrated a strong blue/purple emission centered at 450 nm. 1H-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry analysis, elemental analysis, and DOSY-NMR were used for the characterization of the fluorophore.

本文报道了一种具有光学增白剂潜力的新型荧光团(1)的合成和表征。该化合物是在Na2CO3存在下,由4,4-二氨基二苯乙烯-2,2-二磺酸与三聚氰尿酸反应,然后加入三苯胺制备的。溶液和固态荧光显示出以450 nm为中心的强蓝/紫色发射。采用1H-NMR光谱、质谱分析、元素分析和DOSY-NMR对荧光团进行表征。
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引用次数: 2
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International Journal of Organic Chemistry
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