Pub Date : 2022-01-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2022.140101
Atul Desai, Hemshree Desai, R. Desai, A. Merai, Maitri Kalan, Chirag V Desai, A. Paul
To perform a sub-chronic toxicity study and to generate scientific data regarding the safety profile of T-AYUHMTM Premium, a herbo-mineral formulation used for sickle cell disease. Experimental animals (Mice) were divided into six groups and were acclimatized and treated with 125 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T1 LD), 625 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T2 MD), and 1250 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T3 HD) and two group of satellite daily for 90 days. 0.5% CMC was administered to the control group as a vehicle. The satellite groups were treated with 125 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (S1 LD) and 1250 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (S2 HD, 1250 mg/kg) receiving low and high dose respectively. The mice were closely observed for a clinical sign of toxicity, stereotypical behavior and alteration in autonomic activity during the entire study period. Hematological and blood biochemical parameters were observed on days 0, 60, 90. Motor coordination activity and sensory stimuli assessment were performed after the 11th week. At the termination of the study, all animals were sacrificed, and organs such as the heart, brain, kidney, liver, etc., were collected and observed for histopathology. There was no change in the normal gross behavior of animals in the sensory and motor assessment activity in the treatment group compared to the control group. Evaluation of hematological parameters shows a significant increase in red blood corpuscles. Histopathological examination of various organs shows a normal architecture in all the treated groups. T-AYU-HMTM Premium was found to be safe on repeat dose oral administration in NOAEL, dose up to 1250 mg/kg body weight when administered orally for 90 days in both the sexes of Swiss Albino mice.
{"title":"SUB-CHRONIC TOXICITY STUDY OF T-AYU-HMTM PREMIUM: A HERBO-MINERAL FORMULATION","authors":"Atul Desai, Hemshree Desai, R. Desai, A. Merai, Maitri Kalan, Chirag V Desai, A. Paul","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2022.140101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2022.140101","url":null,"abstract":"To perform a sub-chronic toxicity study and to generate scientific data regarding the safety profile of T-AYUHMTM Premium, a herbo-mineral formulation used for sickle cell disease. Experimental animals (Mice) were divided into six groups and were acclimatized and treated with 125 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T1 LD), 625 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T2 MD), and 1250 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (T3 HD) and two group of satellite daily for 90 days. 0.5% CMC was administered to the control group as a vehicle. The satellite groups were treated with 125 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (S1 LD) and 1250 mg T-AYU-HMTM Premium/kg body weight (S2 HD, 1250 mg/kg) receiving low and high dose respectively. The mice were closely observed for a clinical sign of toxicity, stereotypical behavior and alteration in autonomic activity during the entire study period. Hematological and blood biochemical parameters were observed on days 0, 60, 90. Motor coordination activity and sensory stimuli assessment were performed after the 11th week. At the termination of the study, all animals were sacrificed, and organs such as the heart, brain, kidney, liver, etc., were collected and observed for histopathology. There was no change in the normal gross behavior of animals in the sensory and motor assessment activity in the treatment group compared to the control group. Evaluation of hematological parameters shows a significant increase in red blood corpuscles. Histopathological examination of various organs shows a normal architecture in all the treated groups. T-AYU-HMTM Premium was found to be safe on repeat dose oral administration in NOAEL, dose up to 1250 mg/kg body weight when administered orally for 90 days in both the sexes of Swiss Albino mice.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81256720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130512
Hardik A. Lakkad, V. Patel
The objective of the present study was to develop more retentive and effective drug delivery system for mupirocin. The research was going on in achieving effective formulation. Mupirocin is an anti-microbial agent that is used in wounds healing treatment. First Screening of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant for SEDDS carried out. Solubility of drug was investigated in different oils, surfactant and co-surfactants by UV method. A drug was dissolved in available oil in which it exhibited maximum solubility, then surfactant and co-surfactant were added in which drug showed maximum solubility, mixed well on a magnetic stirrer. Transparent SEDDS were formed. Carbopol 940 and Polyacrylate sodium gelling agent was suspended in water and hydrated for overnight separately. For preparation of Emulgel, various ratios of gel and SEDDS were set. Emulgel was evaluated for %drug release, pH, and drug content. The results indicated that Emulgel gave better controlled release. The formulation F11 showed 99.27 percent drug release, pH 6.7 ± 0.1 and drug content 99.4 ± 0.11%. Formulation F11 was selected as an optimized formulation. The formulations of Emulgel delivered very good therapeutic efficacy for topical application.
{"title":"Design Development and Characterisation of Mupirocin Loaded Emulsion Based Gel","authors":"Hardik A. Lakkad, V. Patel","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130512","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to develop more retentive and effective drug delivery system for mupirocin. The research was going on in achieving effective formulation. Mupirocin is an anti-microbial agent that is used in wounds healing treatment. First Screening of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant for SEDDS carried out. Solubility of drug was investigated in different oils, surfactant and co-surfactants by UV method. A drug was dissolved in available oil in which it exhibited maximum solubility, then surfactant and co-surfactant were added in which drug showed maximum solubility, mixed well on a magnetic stirrer. Transparent SEDDS were formed. Carbopol 940 and Polyacrylate sodium gelling agent was suspended in water and hydrated for overnight separately. For preparation of Emulgel, various ratios of gel and SEDDS were set. Emulgel was evaluated for %drug release, pH, and drug content. The results indicated that Emulgel gave better controlled release. The formulation F11 showed 99.27 percent drug release, pH 6.7 ± 0.1 and drug content 99.4 ± 0.11%. Formulation F11 was selected as an optimized formulation. The formulations of Emulgel delivered very good therapeutic efficacy for topical application.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81284761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130513
Nagnath R. Kadam, P. Mohanty, A. Jain
Epilepsy is an episodic brain dysfunction featured by recurring erratic spontaneous seizures followed by cognitive, social, neurobiological, and psychological consequences. Conventional anti-epileptic drugs are associated with several untoward effects, and hence long-term treatment compliance is a major problem in the management of epilepsy. Herbal drugs have shown promising efficacy as potent anticonvulsants in the past few years. In light of this, the anticonvulsant effect of alcoholic extract of leaves of Helianthus tuberosus (AHT) against maximal electroshock (MES) induced convulsions was investigated. In the present investigation, an indigenous plant, H. tuberosus was studied for its protective effect against maximal electroshock (MES) induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats. The rats were pre-treated with different doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) of alcoholic extract of leaves of H. tuberosus for 14 days, and then, they were subjected to maximal electroshock seizures (40 mA for 0.2 seconds) treatment. Alcoholic extract of leaves of H. tuberosus at the dose of 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the duration of hind limb extension and the protection of rats against maximal electroshock-induced seizures. The reference standards phenytoin (20 mg/kg) provided complete protection. Thus, the present study revealed an anticonvulsant effect of H. tuberosus against maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in rats.
{"title":"Anticonvulsant Activity of Helianthus tuberosus Against MaximalElectroshock Induced Convulsions in Rats","authors":"Nagnath R. Kadam, P. Mohanty, A. Jain","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130513","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is an episodic brain dysfunction featured by recurring erratic spontaneous seizures followed by cognitive, social, neurobiological, and psychological consequences. Conventional anti-epileptic drugs are associated with several untoward effects, and hence long-term treatment compliance is a major problem in the management of epilepsy. Herbal drugs have shown promising efficacy as potent anticonvulsants in the past few years. In light of this, the anticonvulsant effect of alcoholic extract of leaves of Helianthus tuberosus (AHT) against maximal electroshock (MES) induced convulsions was investigated. In the present investigation, an indigenous plant, H. tuberosus was studied for its protective effect against maximal\u0000electroshock (MES) induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats. The rats were pre-treated with different\u0000doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) of alcoholic extract of leaves of H. tuberosus for 14 days, and then, they were\u0000subjected to maximal electroshock seizures (40 mA for 0.2 seconds) treatment. Alcoholic extract of leaves\u0000of H. tuberosus at the dose of 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the duration of hind limb extension and\u0000the protection of rats against maximal electroshock-induced seizures. The reference standards phenytoin\u0000(20 mg/kg) provided complete protection. Thus, the present study revealed an anticonvulsant effect of\u0000H. tuberosus against maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in rats.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88161873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130604
Yelugudhari Ramulu, D. Bhikshapathi
The primary motive behind this the present investigation was to develop and optimize the solid lipid nanoparticles formulation of candesartan to enhance solubility and dissolution rate. The prepared SLNs composed of precirol, poloxamer 188, soy lecithin, tween 80, were fabricated employing hot emulsification/ ultrasonication technique. Box-Behnken design was employed for 17 formulation batches in which 3 factors namely lipid, surfactant, and co-surfactant (precirol, poloxamer 188 and soy lecithin) tween 80 weretested at 3 levels of their concentration, i.e., low, medium and high. The effect of different levels of factors was evaluated for the particle size, entrapment efficiency and % cumulative drug release. Kinetic model fitting for candesartan solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) formulation was done to interpret the release rate from the SLN. Optimized formulation was subjected for fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stability studies. The mean particle size, PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, content uniformity and in-vitro drug release of optimized candesartan-loaded SLNs (CD10) were found to be 135.38 ± 3.41 nm, 0.125 ± 0.04, -18.16 ± 2.89 mV, 86.4 ± 2.35%, 99.78 ± 2.54% and 98.91 ± 0.85% respectively. The release kinetics suggested that drug release followed zero-order and release was anomalous non-fickian diffusion super case II transport. FTIR studies revealed no incompatibility between drug and excipients, SEM images exhibited nanoparticles to be more porous and in a spherical shape. Stability studies indicated good stability of the formulation. The proposed way of SLN preparation could be considered a proper method for producing a candesartan-loaded colloidal carrier system.
{"title":"Development of Candesartan Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles by Box-Behnken Design","authors":"Yelugudhari Ramulu, D. Bhikshapathi","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130604","url":null,"abstract":"The primary motive behind this the present investigation was to develop and optimize the solid lipid nanoparticles formulation of candesartan to enhance solubility and dissolution rate. The prepared SLNs composed of precirol, poloxamer 188, soy lecithin, tween 80, were fabricated employing hot emulsification/ ultrasonication technique. Box-Behnken design was employed for 17 formulation batches in which 3 factors namely lipid, surfactant, and co-surfactant (precirol, poloxamer 188 and soy lecithin) tween 80 weretested at 3 levels of their concentration, i.e., low, medium and high. The effect of different levels of factors\u0000was evaluated for the particle size, entrapment efficiency and % cumulative drug release. Kinetic model\u0000fitting for candesartan solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) formulation was done to interpret the release rate\u0000from the SLN. Optimized formulation was subjected for fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),\u0000scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stability studies. The mean particle size, PDI, zeta potential,\u0000entrapment efficiency, content uniformity and in-vitro drug release of optimized candesartan-loaded SLNs\u0000(CD10) were found to be 135.38 ± 3.41 nm, 0.125 ± 0.04, -18.16 ± 2.89 mV, 86.4 ± 2.35%, 99.78 ± 2.54%\u0000and 98.91 ± 0.85% respectively. The release kinetics suggested that drug release followed zero-order and\u0000release was anomalous non-fickian diffusion super case II transport. FTIR studies revealed no incompatibility\u0000between drug and excipients, SEM images exhibited nanoparticles to be more porous and in a spherical\u0000shape. Stability studies indicated good stability of the formulation. The proposed way of SLN preparation\u0000could be considered a proper method for producing a candesartan-loaded colloidal carrier system.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75031328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120602
C. M. Shanmugavadivelu, N. Jain, A. Thirupathi, P. Murugesan
In the present study the methanol extract of a novel polyherbal formulation (PHF) was studied for alpha (α)- amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibition using an in vitro antidiabetic model. The polyherbal extract were also examined for its antioxidant activity by using free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. The study revealed that the polyherbal formulation exhibit potent radical scavenging activity using DPPH as substrate. The methanol extract exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value 31.52±0.74µg and 53.13±0.97µg respectively and well compared with standard acarbose drug. Further, antibacterial activity of methanol extract of PHF valuated against standard strains, the tested extract showed more potent inhibitory effects on both Gram (+) bacteria and Gram (-) bacteria. Thus, it could be concluded that due the presence of antioxidant components the plant extract have well prospective for the management of diabetes and the related condition of oxidative stress. This knowledge will be useful in finding more potent antidiabetic principle from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics.
{"title":"GC-MS Profiling, Invitro Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of a Novel Polyherbal Formulation","authors":"C. M. Shanmugavadivelu, N. Jain, A. Thirupathi, P. Murugesan","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120602","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study the methanol extract of a novel polyherbal formulation (PHF) was studied for alpha (α)- amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibition using an in vitro antidiabetic model. The polyherbal extract were also examined for its antioxidant activity by using free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. The study revealed that the polyherbal formulation exhibit potent radical scavenging activity using DPPH as substrate. The methanol extract exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value 31.52±0.74µg and 53.13±0.97µg respectively and well compared with standard acarbose drug. Further, antibacterial activity of methanol extract of PHF valuated against standard strains, the tested extract showed more potent inhibitory effects on both Gram (+) bacteria and Gram (-) bacteria. Thus, it could be concluded that due the presence of antioxidant components the plant extract have well prospective for the management of diabetes and the related condition of oxidative stress. This knowledge will be useful in finding more potent antidiabetic principle from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80749379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120608
B. Sailaja, B. Radhika
Mushrooms are ironic in nutrimental resources and have converted into one of the common foods in the previous twenty years globally. The types of edible mushrooms are button, milky and oyster mushrooms. The research aimed at value addition of Oyster mushrooms by rising on paddy substrate complemented with two concentrations of four different medicinal plants. The plant parts selected were flowers of Butea monosperma, leaves of Moringa olifera, bark of Cinnamonom zeylianicum, fruits of Corindraum sativum at 5% and 10% concentration. Different species of oyster mushrooms are available. In the present study Pleurotus florida was selected for value addition. Maximum mycelium running rate was detected in Cinnamon bark (5%) and paddy straw (95%) accompanied group and lowermost running rate of mycelium was observed in Moringa leaf (5%) and paddy straw (95%). The primordial arrival was fast with Cinnamon bark (5%) supplemented group and slowest in Moringa leaf (5%) supplemented group. The mushrooms grownup on Coriander fruit (5%) produced more but the growth was slow. Mushrooms supplemented with Butea flower (5%) exhibited slow growth and yield was next to coriander fruit supplemented mushrooms. The produced mushrooms were subjected to physical evaluation, preliminary phytochemical testing and also tested for estimation of total flavonoids, total phenols, total tannins and total cinnamaldehyde contents. Value addition of Oyster mushrooms was successful with cinnamon bark as cinnamaldehyde was noticed in the Cinnamon bark supplemented group, and also with Moringa leaves as flavonoids was observed in more concentration in Moringa leaf supplemented mushroom group.
{"title":"Production of value added Oyster mushrooms","authors":"B. Sailaja, B. Radhika","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120608","url":null,"abstract":"Mushrooms are ironic in nutrimental resources and have converted into one of the common foods in the previous twenty years globally. The types of edible mushrooms are button, milky and oyster mushrooms. The research aimed at value addition of Oyster mushrooms by rising on paddy substrate complemented with two concentrations of four different medicinal plants. The plant parts selected were flowers of Butea monosperma, leaves of Moringa olifera, bark of Cinnamonom zeylianicum, fruits of Corindraum sativum at 5% and 10% concentration. Different species of oyster mushrooms are available. In the present study Pleurotus florida was selected for value addition. Maximum mycelium running rate was detected in Cinnamon bark (5%) and paddy straw (95%) accompanied group and lowermost running rate of mycelium was observed in Moringa leaf (5%) and paddy straw (95%). The primordial arrival was fast with Cinnamon bark (5%) supplemented group and slowest in Moringa leaf (5%) supplemented group. The mushrooms grownup on Coriander fruit (5%) produced more but the growth was slow. Mushrooms supplemented with Butea flower (5%) exhibited slow growth and yield was next to coriander fruit supplemented mushrooms. The produced mushrooms were subjected to physical evaluation, preliminary phytochemical testing and also tested for estimation of total flavonoids, total phenols, total tannins and total cinnamaldehyde contents. Value addition of Oyster mushrooms was successful with cinnamon bark as cinnamaldehyde was noticed in the Cinnamon bark supplemented group, and also with Moringa leaves as flavonoids was observed in more concentration in Moringa leaf supplemented mushroom group.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86951289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120605
R. Kotak, C. Pandya, A. C. Pandya, Avnish Rajput, B. Thakur
Budesonide and formoterol fumarate pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) is combined aerosol dosage form. The label claim of this combined dosage form is 100 mcg of Budesonide and 6 mcg of Formoterol Fumarate per actuation. It is prescribed for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol fumarate is an anti-asthmatic drug (Bronchodilator), and Budesonide is Anti Inflammatory drug (Glucocortico steroid).The objective of plume geometry and spray pattern study is to monitor the consistency and quality of a device when actuated. The plume and pattern study aims to develop a formulation with robust device which can deliver an accurate amount of drug directly to the lungs of a patient. The chemistry manufacturing and controls (CMC) guideline outlined the basic data required for spray pattern and plume geometry measurement for different pMDI devices. In 2013, draft guidance on bioavailability and bioequivalence (BABE) of pMDI published, which provides details on plume geometry and spray pattern, image collection and evaluation.In the present study, the spray patterns were collected at 2 distances 3 and 6 cm from the actuator device's exit. The spray pattern Ovality results at 3 cm show 2.52% variation and at 6 cm results show 4.31% variation. Method precision, ruggedness and robustness study for Spray pattern also performed at 6 cm distance from actuator orifice. The plume geometry was collected at 6 cm distance from the exit of an actuator device. Plume geometry results show that Plume height is found in the range 16.20 cm to 18.98 cm, Plume angle is found from 17.7–24.9°, and Plume width is found between 3.68 to 4.57 cm.
{"title":"Determination of Spray Pattern and Plume Geometry of Combined Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate pressurized Metered Dose Inhalation Aerosol","authors":"R. Kotak, C. Pandya, A. C. Pandya, Avnish Rajput, B. Thakur","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120605","url":null,"abstract":"Budesonide and formoterol fumarate pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) is combined aerosol dosage form. The label claim of this combined dosage form is 100 mcg of Budesonide and 6 mcg of Formoterol Fumarate per actuation. It is prescribed for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol fumarate is an anti-asthmatic drug (Bronchodilator), and Budesonide is Anti Inflammatory drug (Glucocortico steroid).The objective of plume geometry and spray pattern study is to monitor the consistency and quality of a device when actuated. The plume and pattern study aims to develop a formulation with robust device which can deliver an accurate amount of drug directly to the lungs of a patient. The chemistry manufacturing and controls (CMC) guideline outlined the basic data required for spray pattern and plume geometry measurement for different pMDI devices. In 2013, draft guidance on bioavailability and bioequivalence (BABE) of pMDI published, which provides details on plume geometry and spray pattern, image collection and evaluation.In the present study, the spray patterns were collected at 2 distances 3 and 6 cm from the actuator device's exit. The spray pattern Ovality results at 3 cm show 2.52% variation and at 6 cm results show 4.31% variation. Method precision, ruggedness and robustness study for Spray pattern also performed at 6 cm distance from actuator orifice. The plume geometry was collected at 6 cm distance from the exit of an actuator device. Plume geometry results show that Plume height is found in the range 16.20 cm to 18.98 cm, Plume angle is found from 17.7–24.9°, and Plume width is found between 3.68 to 4.57 cm.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83805889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130614
Bhavna Grover, P. Roy
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The present study tested the anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic potential of pterostilbene isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium plants on high fat diet-induced diabetic rats. The high-fat diet-fed rats showed increased serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin resistance (p is less than 0.05). However, treating the animals with pterostilbene different biochemical parameters like glucose tolerance, glycogen content, glucose homeostatic enzymes like glucose-6-phosphatase and hexokinase, adipocytes differentiation, and the expression profiles of different genes regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were improved significantly (p is less than 0.05). Further, pterostilbene was found to demonstrate dual regulation activities for peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPAR) (both PPARα and PPARγ). In conclusion, these results show that pterostilbene acts as a potent antidiabetic molecule. Hence further in-depth mechanistic studies are warranted to use this phytochemical as a medicine.
{"title":"Effects of Pterostilbene isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium on High Fat Diet induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"Bhavna Grover, P. Roy","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130614","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects\u0000in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The present study tested the anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic\u0000potential of pterostilbene isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium plants on high fat diet-induced diabetic\u0000rats. The high-fat diet-fed rats showed increased serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin\u0000resistance (p is less than 0.05). However, treating the animals with pterostilbene different biochemical parameters\u0000like glucose tolerance, glycogen content, glucose homeostatic enzymes like glucose-6-phosphatase\u0000and hexokinase, adipocytes differentiation, and the expression profiles of different genes regulating\u0000carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were improved significantly (p is less than 0.05). Further, pterostilbene was\u0000found to demonstrate dual regulation activities for peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPAR)\u0000(both PPARα and PPARγ). In conclusion, these results show that pterostilbene acts as a potent antidiabetic molecule. Hence further in-depth mechanistic studies are warranted to use this phytochemical\u0000as a medicine.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"1997 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82501549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130602
S. K. Nimbal, B. Koti
Anthracycline derivative i.e. doxorubicin (Dox) has proven efficacy in several malignancies such as breast cancer, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, lung, thyroid and ovarian cancer. The clinical usefulness is restricted due to its cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Boerhaavia diffusa belongs to family Nyctaginaceae and in Ayurveda, it is claimed for use in renal disorders. The main phytoconstituents of the plant are alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compounds. To investigate the ameliorative role of ethanolic extract of petals of B. diffusa in doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Nephrotoxicity was produced by administering doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg b.w., i.p. alternate day) in six equal injections for two weeks to become cumulatively 15 mg/kg. Low (LEBD–100 mg/kg p.o.) and high (HEBD–200 mg/kg p.o.) dose of ethanolic extract of Boerhhvia diffusa was administered as a pretreatment before doxorubicin administration. The general parameters such as body weight, food, and water intake were measured throughout the study period. Serum markers such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine and albumin were measured. Antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were monitored after the last dose. Histopathological studies were also carried out to evaluate nephrotoxicity. The repeated administration of doxorubicin produces several morphological changes, decreased body weight, food, and water consumption. Serum markers such as BUN and serum creatinine were increased and albumin levels decreased. The GSH, SOD, and CAT were decreased, whereas the MDA level was increased, and deteriorating changes in the histological architecture of kidney tissue were observed. The HEBD pretreated groups dosedependently increased body weight and food and water intake (p is less than 0.01 and p is less than 0.05), whereas LEBD does not show any significant changes. The LEBD and HEBD pretreated groups decreased the BUN (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01) and serum creatinine (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.05) and increased in the albumin (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.05) levels, respectively. The pretreatment with LEBD and HEBD increased the level of the antioxidant enzyme i.e., GSH (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01), SOD (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01), CAT (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01) and decreased the MDA level (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01) respectively. Histopathological studies showed that the pretreatment with LEBD and HEBD groups minimized the tubular damage and reduced the inflammation as compared to doxorubicin-treated group. The biochemical and histopathological results data support the nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of B. diffusa, which might be credited to its antioxidant property.
{"title":"Effect of Ethanolic extract of Boerhvia diffusa against doxorubicin induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats","authors":"S. K. Nimbal, B. Koti","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130602","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracycline derivative i.e. doxorubicin (Dox) has proven efficacy in several malignancies such\u0000as breast cancer, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, lung, thyroid and ovarian\u0000cancer. The clinical usefulness is restricted due to its cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Boerhaavia\u0000diffusa belongs to family Nyctaginaceae and in Ayurveda, it is claimed for use in renal disorders.\u0000The main phytoconstituents of the plant are alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic\u0000compounds. To investigate the ameliorative role of ethanolic extract of petals of B. diffusa in doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Nephrotoxicity was produced by administering doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg b.w., i.p. alternate day) in six equal injections for two weeks to become cumulatively 15 mg/kg. Low (LEBD–100 mg/kg p.o.) and high (HEBD–200 mg/kg p.o.) dose of ethanolic extract of Boerhhvia diffusa was administered as a pretreatment before doxorubicin administration. The general parameters such as body weight, food, and water intake were measured throughout the study period. Serum markers such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine and albumin were measured. Antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione (GSH),\u0000malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were monitored after the\u0000last dose. Histopathological studies were also carried out to evaluate nephrotoxicity. The repeated\u0000administration of doxorubicin produces several morphological changes, decreased body weight, food, and\u0000water consumption. Serum markers such as BUN and serum creatinine were increased and albumin levels\u0000decreased. The GSH, SOD, and CAT were decreased, whereas the MDA level was increased, and deteriorating\u0000changes in the histological architecture of kidney tissue were observed. The HEBD pretreated groups dosedependently increased body weight and food and water intake (p is less than 0.01 and p is less than 0.05), whereas LEBD does\u0000not show any significant changes. The LEBD and HEBD pretreated groups decreased the BUN (p is less than 0.05\u0000and p is less than 0.01) and serum creatinine (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.05) and increased in the albumin (p is less than 0.05 and\u0000p is less than 0.05) levels, respectively. The pretreatment with LEBD and HEBD increased the level of the antioxidant\u0000enzyme i.e., GSH (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01), SOD (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01), CAT (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01) and\u0000decreased the MDA level (p is less than 0.05 and p is less than 0.01) respectively. Histopathological studies showed that the\u0000pretreatment with LEBD and HEBD groups minimized the tubular damage and reduced the inflammation\u0000as compared to doxorubicin-treated group. The biochemical and histopathological results data support the\u0000nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of B. diffusa, which might be credited to its antioxidant property.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90279290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120603
L. Kawale, V. Nade, R. Deshmukh, M. Dumbare
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications, decreases the quality of life in diabetic patients. Thiazolidine-2,4-diones are found to be better insulin sensitizing agents, acting on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and decrease blood glucose level in diabetic patient. Therefore, in the present work, we synthesized 5-[4-(substituted) sulphonylbenzylidene]thiazolidine-2,4-diones and evaluated for their oral hypoglycemic activity. The synthesized compounds were further studied for their find out interactions with 2PRG protein with the help of docking score and also find out their predicated ED25 values. The results of synthesized compounds were showed significant decrease in blood glucose level as compared to positive control group. All synthesized compounds have shown good hydrogen bond interactions with 2PRG protein, docking score and predicted ED25 value as compared with reference drug, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, respectively. Thus, sulphonyl linked thiazolidine-2,4-diones may be used as promising oral hypoglycemic agent.
{"title":"Synthesis and Oral Hypoglycemic Activity of Some New Sulphonyl Linkage Thiazolidine-2,4-diones","authors":"L. Kawale, V. Nade, R. Deshmukh, M. Dumbare","doi":"10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2020.120603","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications, decreases the quality of life in diabetic patients. Thiazolidine-2,4-diones are found to be better insulin sensitizing agents, acting on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and decrease blood glucose level in diabetic patient. Therefore, in the present work, we synthesized 5-[4-(substituted) sulphonylbenzylidene]thiazolidine-2,4-diones and evaluated for their oral hypoglycemic activity. The synthesized compounds were further studied for their find out interactions with 2PRG protein with the help of docking score and also find out their predicated ED25 values. The results of synthesized compounds were showed significant decrease in blood glucose level as compared to positive control group. All synthesized compounds have shown good hydrogen bond interactions with 2PRG protein, docking score and predicted ED25 value as compared with reference drug, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, respectively. Thus, sulphonyl linked thiazolidine-2,4-diones may be used as promising oral hypoglycemic agent.","PeriodicalId":14278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77823716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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