Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834
C. King, Anna E. A. Surace, G. Jeffers, D. Hawcutt, I. Sinha
Background: Children are particularly susceptible to hazardous effects of air pollution, even at low concentrations. Acute respiratory illness is a significant cause of unscheduled healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) in children. Method: An overview of systematic reviews was undertaken. The exposures of interest were particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO). The primary outcome was the association between these pollutants and unscheduled HRU (hospital admissions, ED visits, or both) for asthma, lower respiratory infection (pneumonia and bronchiolitis), bronchitis, acute wheeze, croup, influenza and pertussis in children. Secondary outcomes were risk of critical care admission, unscheduled primary care visits, and mortality. GRADE methodology was used to determine validity of evidence based on quality of the reviews. Results: Eleven systematic reviews were included. Moderate quality evidence that HRU for asthma exacerbations in children is associated with increased concentrations of all air pollutants studied (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, SO2, CO) was identified. For pneumonia, increased HRU was correlated with increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and O3. For bronchiolitis the quality was low to moderate, and the associations less clear. No studies captured the secondary outcomes. No systematic reviews considered the concentration of the ambient air pollutants in relation to outcomes and WHO concentrations guidelines. Conclusion: Increased concentrations of a range of ambient air pollutants is associated with increased risk of unscheduled HRU for asthma and pneumonia.
{"title":"The effects of ambient air pollution on the risk of hospitalisation with acute respiratory illnesses in children: an overview of systematic reviews","authors":"C. King, Anna E. A. Surace, G. Jeffers, D. Hawcutt, I. Sinha","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2834","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children are particularly susceptible to hazardous effects of air pollution, even at low concentrations. Acute respiratory illness is a significant cause of unscheduled healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) in children. Method: An overview of systematic reviews was undertaken. The exposures of interest were particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO). The primary outcome was the association between these pollutants and unscheduled HRU (hospital admissions, ED visits, or both) for asthma, lower respiratory infection (pneumonia and bronchiolitis), bronchitis, acute wheeze, croup, influenza and pertussis in children. Secondary outcomes were risk of critical care admission, unscheduled primary care visits, and mortality. GRADE methodology was used to determine validity of evidence based on quality of the reviews. Results: Eleven systematic reviews were included. Moderate quality evidence that HRU for asthma exacerbations in children is associated with increased concentrations of all air pollutants studied (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, SO2, CO) was identified. For pneumonia, increased HRU was correlated with increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and O3. For bronchiolitis the quality was low to moderate, and the associations less clear. No studies captured the secondary outcomes. No systematic reviews considered the concentration of the ambient air pollutants in relation to outcomes and WHO concentrations guidelines. Conclusion: Increased concentrations of a range of ambient air pollutants is associated with increased risk of unscheduled HRU for asthma and pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74409771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1983
J. Pourazar, M. Sehlstedt, Gregory D. Rankin, O. Uski, C. Boman, Natxo García López, R. Lindgren, T. Sandström, A. Blomberg, A. Behndig, A. Muala
{"title":"Exposure to wood smoke induced activation of lymphocyte subtypes in peripheral blood","authors":"J. Pourazar, M. Sehlstedt, Gregory D. Rankin, O. Uski, C. Boman, Natxo García López, R. Lindgren, T. Sandström, A. Blomberg, A. Behndig, A. Muala","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1983","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79580689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249
G. Guarnieri, Mauro Salasnich, P. Lucernoni, M. Sbaraglia, M. G. Putzu, P. Zuliani, S. Vio, F. Liviero, P. Maculan, P. Mason, P. Maestrelli
Introduction: Diagnosis of silicosis is a resurgent issue since clusters of this occupational disease have been reported in relation to fabrication of quartz conglomerates. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity of different diagnostic tools in the detection of silicosis. Methods: Active search of pneumoconiosis was performed in 4 companies of North-Eastern Italy involved in the fabrication of benchtops made of artificial quartz conglomerates. Occupational history, silica cumulative exposure, chest x-ray, spirometry, carbon monoxide lung diffusion (DLco) and chest HRCT (classified according to International Classification of HRCT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases) were obtained. In selected cases, trans-bronchial biopsies were taken for histological evaluation and identification of silica crystals in the tissue by Electron Microscopy. Results: Twenty-two cases of silicosis were diagnosed. Mean age at diagnosis was 43 years and duration of exposure to quartz conglomerate dust was 3.5 to 20 years. The range of silica cumulative exposure was 1.74-5.40 mg/m3/years. Abnormal findings were detected in 41% of chest x-ray, in 38% of spirometry (restrictive pattern) and 57% of DLco. HRCTs were abnormal in all cases showing well-defined rounded opacities (size p), irregular/linear intralobular opacities and bilateral enlarged mediastinal lymph-nodes. Histological findings consistent with silicosis were observed in 18 cases. Numerous silica particles (diameter 0.1-5 μm) were identified in lung tissue. Conclusions: Chest HRCT is the most sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of silicosis, while reduction in DLco is the most frequent functional abnormality. The results suggest that chest HRCT is indicated for screening of workers with high cumulative exposure to silica.
{"title":"Sensitivity of diagnostic tools for silicosis associated to fabrication of quartz conglomerates","authors":"G. Guarnieri, Mauro Salasnich, P. Lucernoni, M. Sbaraglia, M. G. Putzu, P. Zuliani, S. Vio, F. Liviero, P. Maculan, P. Mason, P. Maestrelli","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5249","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diagnosis of silicosis is a resurgent issue since clusters of this occupational disease have been reported in relation to fabrication of quartz conglomerates. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity of different diagnostic tools in the detection of silicosis. Methods: Active search of pneumoconiosis was performed in 4 companies of North-Eastern Italy involved in the fabrication of benchtops made of artificial quartz conglomerates. Occupational history, silica cumulative exposure, chest x-ray, spirometry, carbon monoxide lung diffusion (DLco) and chest HRCT (classified according to International Classification of HRCT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases) were obtained. In selected cases, trans-bronchial biopsies were taken for histological evaluation and identification of silica crystals in the tissue by Electron Microscopy. Results: Twenty-two cases of silicosis were diagnosed. Mean age at diagnosis was 43 years and duration of exposure to quartz conglomerate dust was 3.5 to 20 years. The range of silica cumulative exposure was 1.74-5.40 mg/m3/years. Abnormal findings were detected in 41% of chest x-ray, in 38% of spirometry (restrictive pattern) and 57% of DLco. HRCTs were abnormal in all cases showing well-defined rounded opacities (size p), irregular/linear intralobular opacities and bilateral enlarged mediastinal lymph-nodes. Histological findings consistent with silicosis were observed in 18 cases. Numerous silica particles (diameter 0.1-5 μm) were identified in lung tissue. Conclusions: Chest HRCT is the most sensitive diagnostic tool for the detection of silicosis, while reduction in DLco is the most frequent functional abnormality. The results suggest that chest HRCT is indicated for screening of workers with high cumulative exposure to silica.","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"s3-36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90826931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2843
L. Miyashita, G. Foley, R. Dobson, A. Rule, S. Semple, J. Grigg
{"title":"Household Biomass Particulate Matter Increases Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection","authors":"L. Miyashita, G. Foley, R. Dobson, A. Rule, S. Semple, J. Grigg","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2843","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91237595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2816
J. Vanoirbeek, Lore Pollaris, T. Decaesteker, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Hung-Chang Tsui, G. Velde, B. Nemery, P. Hoet
{"title":"The role of the innate immune system in a mouse model of chemical-induced asthma","authors":"J. Vanoirbeek, Lore Pollaris, T. Decaesteker, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Hung-Chang Tsui, G. Velde, B. Nemery, P. Hoet","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2816","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79589035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1993
J. Jaakkola, A. Rantala, H. Antikainen, T. Hugg, J. Kukkonen, L. Kangas, M. Sofiev, M. Jaakkola
{"title":"Prenatal and early-life exposure to PM2.5 and O3 and the development of asthma in the first 27 years of life","authors":"J. Jaakkola, A. Rantala, H. Antikainen, T. Hugg, J. Kukkonen, L. Kangas, M. Sofiev, M. Jaakkola","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86053618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1990
N. Easton, M. Cooper, S. Bray, F. Bulot, S. Cox, J. Whiteside, D. Teagle, Steven J. Johnston, D. Davies, G. Foster, M. Loxham
{"title":"Shipping-related particulate matter air pollution – source-specific effects on bronchial epithelial cells","authors":"N. Easton, M. Cooper, S. Bray, F. Bulot, S. Cox, J. Whiteside, D. Teagle, Steven J. Johnston, D. Davies, G. Foster, M. Loxham","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89047990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2832
R. F. Mizutani, M. Terra-Filho, T. Nery, C. Lopes, R. Arbex, M. Arbex, R. Stelmach, U. Santos
{"title":"Evaluation of respiratory symptoms and lung function in adolescents living in a ceramic industrial park zone","authors":"R. F. Mizutani, M. Terra-Filho, T. Nery, C. Lopes, R. Arbex, M. Arbex, R. Stelmach, U. Santos","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87241860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa485
Juan Wang, Mihkel Pindus, C. Janson, T. Sigsgaard, Jeong-Lim Kim, M. Holm, J. Sommar, H. Orru, T. Gislason, A. Johannessen, R. Bertelsen, D. Norbäck
{"title":"Dampness and mould at home and at work in the RHINE study: Increased onset and decreased remission of adult respiratory symptoms, asthma and rhinitis","authors":"Juan Wang, Mihkel Pindus, C. Janson, T. Sigsgaard, Jeong-Lim Kim, M. Holm, J. Sommar, H. Orru, T. Gislason, A. Johannessen, R. Bertelsen, D. Norbäck","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86886406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-28DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4451
N. Zivadinovic, Regine Abrahamsen, M. Svendsen, A. Fell, J. Kongerud, P. Henneberger
Objectives: Studies have shown that declining participation in epidemiological studies may lead to biased estimates of occurrence and selection bias. Nevertheless, studies on non-participation and loss to follow-up in prospective studies are rare. Aim: The aim of the study was to characterize those lost to follow-up and possible factors associated with non-participation in a prospective population based study of respiratory health in Norway. Methods: A five-year follow-up of the population based sample (n=16 099), aged 21-55 years, from the Telemark study was conducted in 2018. Risk factors associated with loss to follow-up were assessed by forward conditional logistic regression. Results: A total of 8 244 (51.2%) participants were lost to follow-up. Non-participation was associated with male sex, younger age, low education, current smoking, unemployment, reduced workability, asthma, being woken by chest tightness and COPD. Conclusion: The risk factors for participants lost to five-year follow-up are comparable to those reported in population-based studies for non-responders, mainly related to younger age, male gender, current smoking, low socioeconomic status, and higher symptom prevalence and morbidity.
{"title":"Loss to five-year follow-up in the Telemark study","authors":"N. Zivadinovic, Regine Abrahamsen, M. Svendsen, A. Fell, J. Kongerud, P. Henneberger","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4451","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Studies have shown that declining participation in epidemiological studies may lead to biased estimates of occurrence and selection bias. Nevertheless, studies on non-participation and loss to follow-up in prospective studies are rare. Aim: The aim of the study was to characterize those lost to follow-up and possible factors associated with non-participation in a prospective population based study of respiratory health in Norway. Methods: A five-year follow-up of the population based sample (n=16 099), aged 21-55 years, from the Telemark study was conducted in 2018. Risk factors associated with loss to follow-up were assessed by forward conditional logistic regression. Results: A total of 8 244 (51.2%) participants were lost to follow-up. Non-participation was associated with male sex, younger age, low education, current smoking, unemployment, reduced workability, asthma, being woken by chest tightness and COPD. Conclusion: The risk factors for participants lost to five-year follow-up are comparable to those reported in population-based studies for non-responders, mainly related to younger age, male gender, current smoking, low socioeconomic status, and higher symptom prevalence and morbidity.","PeriodicalId":14308,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82995780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：