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Nexus Analysis as an Approach to Navigate Change 联系分析作为一种导航变化的方法
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.104
M. Bristow
Spring 2020 ushered a new set of educational challenges for English language program administrators (ELPAs) ranging from the COVID-19 pandemic to social and racial injustices experienced by staff, faculty, and learners. Recognizing the lack of materials to support ELPA professional development, this article introduces the theoretical and methodological approach of Nexus Analysis as a possible approach for administrators when navigating complex educational ecosystems. Along with a review of literature that describes the role of ELPAs and their associated duties, this article positions the actions of language program administration, which range from policy creation to ordering supplies, as mediated by outside factors on the societal, community, and individual scale. Following this, the Nexus Analysis methodological approach of engagement, navigation, and change is reviewed and generalized to educational settings. To conclude, past research studies that have used Nexus Analysis are reviewed with the aim to connect with familiar ELPA management scenarios and practical considerations unique to our current time in history.Keywords: English language program management, English language program administrators, Nexus Analysis
2020年春季为英语课程管理员(elpa)带来了一系列新的教育挑战,从2019冠状病毒病大流行到教职员工和学习者所经历的社会和种族不公正。认识到缺乏支持ELPA专业发展的材料,本文介绍了Nexus分析的理论和方法方法,作为管理员在导航复杂的教育生态系统时可能采用的方法。随着文献的回顾,描述elpa的角色和他们的相关职责,这篇文章定位了语言项目管理的行动,范围从政策创建到订购供应,作为中介的外部因素在社会,社区,和个人规模。在此之后,Nexus分析的参与、导航和变化方法被回顾并推广到教育环境中。最后,回顾了过去使用Nexus分析法的研究,目的是将我们熟悉的ELPA管理场景和我们当前历史上独特的实际考虑联系起来。关键词:英语课程管理,英语课程管理员,Nexus Analysis
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引用次数: 0
Online Teaching: The Affordances of PowerPoint and YouTube for a More Inclusive Approach 在线教学:PowerPoint和YouTube对更具包容性方法的支持
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.103
Ndeye Bineta Mbodj
Online education, even when planned, has a number of challenges including availability and affordability of technology (Palvia et al., 2018), students’ learning differences (Jacobs, 2013; Kebritchi et al., 2017), and tech-literacy of instructors and learners (Jacobs, 2013). In emergency situations witnessed in spring 2020, one of the keys to successful online education might be collaboration among instructors as recommended by Fish and Wickersham (2010). The present paper is a move in that direction and shares techniques that can help address two of the challenges mentioned above: (1) the availability and affordability of technology, and (2) students’ learning differences. The latter point is particularly relevant to those teaching multilingual learners in that it relates to one of the solutions suggested by Zamel and Pack (2006) in addressing multilingual students’ academic challenges; that is, providing handouts to facilitate comprehension of the content being presented. Keywords: teaching, PowerPoint, YouTube, Inclusion, ESOL, technology, media
在线教育,即使有计划,也有许多挑战,包括技术的可用性和可负担性(Palvia等人,2018),学生的学习差异(Jacobs, 2013;Kebritchi等人,2017),以及教师和学习者的技术素养(Jacobs, 2013)。在2020年春季的紧急情况下,成功在线教育的关键之一可能是Fish和Wickersham(2010)建议的教师之间的合作。本论文是朝着这个方向迈出的一步,并分享了有助于解决上述两个挑战的技术:(1)技术的可用性和可负担性,以及(2)学生的学习差异。后一点与教授多语言学习者特别相关,因为它与Zamel和Pack(2006)提出的解决多语言学生学业挑战的解决方案之一有关;也就是说,提供讲义来帮助理解所呈现的内容。关键词:教学,ppt, YouTube,包容,ESOL,技术,媒体
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引用次数: 3
Reinforcement of White Native-Speakerism: An Analysis of English Language Teacher Training Materials 白人母语主义的强化:英语教师培训教材分析
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.105
E. Brittain
This article draws awareness to Whiteness as a centered phenomenon in ELT which contributes to discriminatory practices through reliance on and privileging of White norms on a global scale. This study sought to address this issue through a critical discourse analysis of 14 English as a foreign language (EFL) open-source teacher training modules with the following guiding question: How are ideologies that reinforce White native-speakerism demonstrated in open-source English teaching methodology training materials designed for global ELT audiences? Critical Whiteness Studies (CWS; Nayak, 2007), the concept of native-speakerism (Holliday, 2006), and the ‘native speaker’ frame (Lowe, 2020) informed the theoretical assumptions of the study. Critical Discourse Studies (CDS; Wodak & Meyer, 2015) provided an analytical lens to examine discourses of power and framing of ideology in the texts. The main thread that emerged from the analysis was an avoidance of stance, demonstrated through contradictory, simultaneous representations of resistance to and reinforcement of ideologies of White native-speakerism. This avoidance of stance is exemplified through representation of language varieties, the emergence of a monolingual view of teaching, representations of culture, and the framing of authenticity.Keywords: White native-speakerism, Whiteness, English teacher training, training materials, English as a foreign language (EFL), English language teaching (ELT), reinforcement, resistance
这篇文章让人们意识到,白人化是英语教学中的一个中心现象,它通过在全球范围内对白人规范的依赖和特权,导致了歧视行为。本研究试图通过对14个英语作为外语(EFL)开源教师培训模块的批判性话语分析来解决这一问题,并提出以下指导问题:如何在为全球英语学习者设计的开源英语教学方法论培训材料中展示强化白人母语主义的意识形态?临界白度研究(CWS);Nayak, 2007),母语者主义的概念(Holliday, 2006)和“母语者”框架(Lowe, 2020)为本研究的理论假设提供了依据。批评话语研究;Wodak & Meyer, 2015)提供了一个分析的镜头来检查文本中的权力话语和意识形态框架。从分析中出现的主线是对立场的回避,通过对白人母语主义意识形态的抵抗和强化的矛盾,同时的表现来证明。这种对立场的回避通过语言多样性的表现、单语教学观的出现、文化的表现和真实性的框架来体现。关键词:白人母语主义,白人现象,英语教师培训,培训材料,英语作为外语,英语教学,强化,阻力
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引用次数: 3
Engaging Adult English Language Learners in Distance Education: An ESL Program’s Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic 成人英语学习者参与远程教育:新冠肺炎大流行期间ESL课程的经验
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.99
M. Baxter
Traditionally, adult English as a Second Language (ESL) programs, also known as English as an Additional Language (EAL), deliver instruction through in-person classes rather than distance education, as was the case at Georgia Piedmont Technical College (GPTC). However, due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, distance education became a tool used at GPTC to engage students in learning while school campuses were closed. This paper gives details about how administrators, instructors, and staff at GPTC quickly built a distance education program for adult English language learners in response to the pandemic, including resulting challenges, insights, and successes. Research on the topic of distance education and its possible benefits for adult English language learners is explored in order to inform the efforts of building this type of program. The information provided can help guide other adult EAL programs seeking to incorporate distance education for adult English language learners.Keywords: adult ESL/EAL programs, language program administration, English language learners, distance education
传统上,成人英语作为第二语言(ESL)课程,也被称为英语作为附加语言(EAL),通过面对面的课程而不是远程教育来提供教学,就像乔治亚皮埃蒙特技术学院(GPTC)的情况一样。然而,由于全球COVID-19大流行,远程教育成为GPTC在校园关闭期间让学生参与学习的一种工具。本文详细介绍了GPTC的管理人员、教师和工作人员如何迅速为成人英语学习者建立远程教育计划,以应对大流行,包括由此带来的挑战、见解和成功。本文探讨了远程教育的主题及其对成人英语学习者可能带来的好处,以便为建立这种类型的课程提供信息。所提供的信息可以帮助指导其他成人EAL项目寻求纳入成人英语学习者的远程教育。关键词:成人ESL/EAL课程,语言课程管理,英语学习者,远程教育
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引用次数: 2
Supporting Multilingual Learners in the Era of COVID-19 在COVID-19时代支持多语种学习者
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.110
D. Chiesa, R. A. Griffin
This year, 2020, has been an exceptionally tough year. There have been multiple incursions on our social, political, and economic lives—COVID-19, the murder of George Floyd and Ahmaud Arbery, and presidential proclamations barring foreigners from entering the U.S. These situations have directly impacted the psychology of students, teachers, parents, and administrators throughout Georgia and beyond and have forced educators to rethink, reshape, and redesign the teaching/learning space. This special issue is a response to the current climate in the U.S. and includes articles that focus on the changes, challenges, innovation, and instructional strategies that have affected the way we think about language, multilingual identities, second language instruction, and language program administration.
今年,2020年,是异常艰难的一年。我们的社会、政治和经济生活遭受了多次入侵——covid -19,乔治·弗洛伊德和阿伯里被谋杀,总统宣布禁止外国人进入美国。这些情况直接影响了格鲁吉亚及其他地区学生、教师、家长和管理人员的心理,迫使教育工作者重新思考、重塑和重新设计教学空间。这期特刊是对美国当前气候的回应,包括关注变化、挑战、创新和教学策略的文章,这些文章影响了我们对语言、多语言身份、第二语言教学和语言项目管理的思考方式。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering Language Learning Strategies Online 授权语言学习策略在线
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.100
Melissa Aberle-Grasse
English language educators faced challenges unique to their discipline as well as difficulties shared with all teachers as they suddenly adjusted to 100% online learning environments in 2020. Language learning strategies (LLS), which are proven strategies for improving language learning as well as building self-efficacy and peer support (MacArthur et al., 2015; Rose et al., 2018), are presented here as tools to navigate this new challenge. The article opens with a brief review of several acute current needs of online learners that critical pedagogy and learning strategies may address. Next, the author provides concise definitions for language learning strategies and summarizes the historical and theoretical basis for LLS. A classroom-based case study of language learning strategy instruction (LLSI) then follows. Finally, online tools and methods for two key strategies, goal-setting and peer review, are provided with recommendations for applying these strategies in a variety of settings.Keywords: language learning strategies, critical pedagogy, self-regulation, peer review, goal-setting
2020年,英语教育工作者面临着本学科特有的挑战,也面临着所有教师共同面临的困难,因为他们突然适应了100%的在线学习环境。语言学习策略(LLS),被证明是提高语言学习以及建立自我效能感和同伴支持的策略(MacArthur et al., 2015;Rose等人,2018),作为应对这一新挑战的工具。文章开篇简要回顾了批判教学法和学习策略可能解决的在线学习者当前的几个迫切需求。其次,作者对语言学习策略进行了简明的定义,并对语言学习策略的历史和理论基础进行了总结。接下来是语言学习策略教学(LLSI)的课堂案例研究。最后,为目标设定和同行评议这两个关键策略提供了在线工具和方法,并提供了在各种环境中应用这些策略的建议。关键词:语言学习策略、批判教学法、自我调节、同伴评议、目标设定
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引用次数: 1
Poetry in TESOL Teacher Education: A Chinese Teacher’s Identity Negotiation and Reconstruction Before and During the Pandemic 英语教师教育中的诗歌:大流行前后中国教师身份的协商与重构
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.102
Yixuan Wang
This case study explores how Meili (pseudonym), a pre-service teacher in a TESOL and World Language Education program, negotiated and reconstructed her identity as a multilingual graduate student in her emergent bilingual poems through two poetry classes offered in spring 2018 and summer 2019. Her reflections and stories in the interviews are analyzed under the framework of arts-based research. The findings point out that this non-English native multilingual teacher negotiated and reconstructed her emerging teacher-poet identity through bilingual poetry in three main ways: (a) she challenged the long-existing norms and judgments set by her English monolingual peers by bringing her multilingual voice in her English poems, (b) she combined her personal experiences as a multilingual international student in the U.S. to reconstruct an ideal identity that she aspires to as a pre-service teacher, and (c) she used translingual creative writing to exhibit and expand her linguistic and cultural repertoires which contribute to the ongoing construction of her teacher-poet identity. This analysis has implications for poetry and other arts-based approaches to be included in TESOL teacher education to help pre-service and in-service teachers from diverse backgrounds disrupt problematic norms in the field during and after the pandemic. The affordance of poetry also enables multilingual teachers to mediate and reshape their desired teacher identity through their poem writing combined with their life experiences.Keywords: TESOL, teacher education, multilingual teachers, pre-service teachers, poetry
本案例研究探讨了美丽(化名)是一名TESOL和世界语言教育项目的职前教师,她如何通过2018年春季和2019年夏季开设的两门诗歌课,在她的新兴双语诗歌中,谈判和重建了她作为多语种研究生的身份。在艺术研究的框架下分析她在访谈中的思考和故事。研究结果指出,这位非英语母语的多语教师通过双语诗歌,主要通过三种方式来协商和重构她新兴的教师诗人身份:(a)她通过在她的英语诗歌中融入她的多语言声音,挑战了她的英语单语同龄人长期存在的规范和判断;(b)她结合了她在美国作为一名多语言国际学生的个人经历,重建了她渴望成为一名职前教师的理想身份;(c)她用译语创作来展示和扩展她的语言和文化技能,这有助于她的教师诗人身份的持续建构。这一分析对将诗歌和其他基于艺术的方法纳入TESOL教师教育具有启示意义,以帮助来自不同背景的职前和在职教师在大流行期间和之后打破该领域有问题的规范。诗歌的提供性也使多语教师能够通过诗歌创作结合其生活经历来调解和重塑他们所期望的教师身份。关键词:TESOL,教师教育,多语教师,职前教师,诗歌
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引用次数: 0
Communicating in the Face of Racism: Infinitive v. Gerund Verbal Complements in English 面对种族主义的交流:英语不定式与动名词的言语补语
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.101
Melody Pao
As COVID-19 continues to spread across the country, Asian Americans and Asian immigrants have experienced an increase in racist attacks. This paper presents a lesson plan that is intended to help English as a Second Language (ESL) learners of East Asian origin communicate in the face of racial discrimination. In addition to outlining this teaching technique, the article provides a linguistic analysis of the lesson plan’s grammatical focus: the distinction between infinitive and gerund verbal complements. The author argues that the Bolinger Principle, a theory that articulates the reasoning behind this distinction, provides an effective and meaning-informed teaching strategy for teaching infinitives and gerunds. The purpose of the article is to offer guidance for teachers who may wish to use this form-focused technique in their own classrooms. Keywords: ESL, racism, Asian immigrants, infinitive complements, gerund complements, Bolinger Principle
随着新冠疫情继续在全国蔓延,亚裔美国人和亚洲移民遭受的种族主义袭击有所增加。本文提出了一个教案,旨在帮助东亚裔英语作为第二语言(ESL)学习者在面对种族歧视时进行沟通。除了概述这种教学技巧外,本文还对教案的语法重点进行了语言学分析:不定式和动名词动词补语的区别。作者认为,博林格原则为不定式和动名词的教学提供了一种有效的、有意义的教学策略,它阐明了这种区别背后的原因。本文的目的是为那些希望在自己的教室中使用这种以形式为中心的技术的教师提供指导。关键词:英语,种族主义,亚洲移民,不定式补语,动名词补语,博林格原则
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引用次数: 0
Teaching Media Literacy to ESL and EFL Students in the Age of COVID-19 新冠肺炎时代ESL和EFL学生的媒介素养教学
Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V30I1.107
Joshua Gaston
Media literacy education is a field that is fraught with disagreement over definitions, approaches, principles, and purposes, but teaching media literacy is arguably needed now more than ever before, especially for ESL and EFL students. From the research available, it appears as though many ESL and EFL students are not taught media literacy in their home countries. Additionally, much of the research that does exist in regards to teaching media literacy to ESL and EFL students focuses on forms of media that are no longer relevant to most learners. Since ESL and EFL teachers support the development of their students’ English-language skills, it is justifiable that at least some of the responsibility of media literacy education should fall on their shoulders. The widespread transition to virtual learning as a result of COVID-19 presents a unique opportunity for ESL and EFL teachers to teach media literacy to their students. However, because this period also presents numerous challenges to the public’s collective media literacy skills, it is imperative that teachers integrate media literacy education into their pedagogy.Keywords: media literacy, ESL, EFL, COVID-19
媒体素养教育是一个在定义、方法、原则和目的上充满分歧的领域,但可以说,现在比以往任何时候都更需要教授媒体素养,尤其是对ESL和EFL学生。从现有的研究来看,似乎许多ESL和EFL学生在他们的祖国都没有接受过媒体素养的教育。此外,许多关于向ESL和EFL学生教授媒体素养的研究都集中在与大多数学习者不再相关的媒体形式上。由于ESL和EFL教师支持学生英语技能的发展,因此至少有一部分媒体素养教育的责任应该落在他们的肩上。由于新冠肺炎疫情,虚拟学习的广泛过渡为ESL和EFL教师向学生教授媒体素养提供了一个独特的机会。然而,由于这一时期也对公众的集体媒介素养技能提出了许多挑战,教师必须将媒介素养教育纳入其教学中。关键词:媒介素养,ESL, EFL, COVID-19
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引用次数: 2
The Quietening of Languages: How Can We Celebrate and Welcome Them? 语言的沉寂:我们如何庆祝和欢迎它们?
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.52242/GIAJ.V29I1.92
G. Sachs
In this editorial, the senior editor discusses linguistic neo-imperialism and indigenous languages and how this concept relates to an interview she conducted with author Nury Castillo Crawford and the feature article for the 2019 issue of GATESOL in Action titled "Testimonio y Teoría: Creating Bridges with Bilingual Communities in DeKalb County."
在这篇社论中,资深编辑讨论了语言新帝国主义和土著语言,以及这一概念如何与她对作家Nury Castillo Crawford的采访以及2019年《GATESOL在行动》的专题文章“推荐书Teoría:与迪卡尔布县双语社区建立桥梁”联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
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GATESOL in Action Journal
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