We establish a link between a connection symmetry, called conformal collineation, and almost Ricci soliton (in particular Ricci soliton) in reducible Ricci symmetric semi-Riemannian manifolds. As a physical application, by investigating the kinematic and dynamic properties of almost Ricci soliton manifolds, we present a physical model of imperfect fluid spacetimes. This model gives a general relation between the physical quantities (u, μ, p, α, η, σ ij) of the matter tensor of the field equations and does not provide any exact solution. Therefore, we propose further study on finding exact solutions of our viscous fluid physical model for which it is required that the fluid velocity vector u be tilted. We also suggest two open problems.
{"title":"A New Class of Almost Ricci Solitons and Their Physical Interpretation","authors":"K. L. Duggal","doi":"10.1155/2016/4903520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4903520","url":null,"abstract":"We establish a link between a connection symmetry, called conformal collineation, and almost Ricci soliton (in particular Ricci soliton) in reducible Ricci symmetric semi-Riemannian manifolds. As a physical application, by investigating the kinematic and dynamic properties of almost Ricci soliton manifolds, we present a physical model of imperfect fluid spacetimes. This model gives a general relation between the physical quantities (u, μ, p, α, η, σ ij) of the matter tensor of the field equations and does not provide any exact solution. Therefore, we propose further study on finding exact solutions of our viscous fluid physical model for which it is required that the fluid velocity vector u be tilted. We also suggest two open problems.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84392142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver commonly caused by viral infection such as hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E but it is also possible by other causes. Infection with hepatitis C virus is also referred to as a disguise because the early infection is often asymptomatic that often goes undetected. This study aims at determining the several associated risk factors with hepatitis C serological status. The study design is cross-sectional. The biomedical data collection was carried out in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a population in urban blocks, census in Indonesia, where the sample is all household members over the age of one year from selected households by signing the informed consent. Total block census in selected urban area is about 971-block census with a total sample of 15.536 households. The results showed that there is a correlation between hepatitis C serological status and demographic group and that the age and occupation groups showed significant P value obtained at 0.001 (OR = 3.27, CI = 1.84-5.81) and 0.209 (OR = 0.23, CI = 0.59-0.94). In conclusion, there are risk factors such as age and occupation that have a correlation of being infected with hepatitis C serological status.
{"title":"The Association of Hepatitis C Serological Status with Several Risk Factors in Indonesia.","authors":"Noer Endah Pracoyo, Made Ayu Lely Suratri, Roselinda Roselinda, Vivi Setiawaty","doi":"10.1155/2016/3018135","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2016/3018135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver commonly caused by viral infection such as hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E but it is also possible by other causes. Infection with hepatitis C virus is also referred to as a disguise because the early infection is often asymptomatic that often goes undetected. This study aims at determining the several associated risk factors with hepatitis C serological status. The study design is cross-sectional. The biomedical data collection was carried out in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a population in urban blocks, census in Indonesia, where the sample is all household members over the age of one year from selected households by signing the informed consent. Total block census in selected urban area is about 971-block census with a total sample of 15.536 households. The results showed that there is a correlation between hepatitis C serological status and demographic group and that the age and occupation groups showed significant <i>P</i> value obtained at 0.001 (OR = 3.27, CI = 1.84-5.81) and 0.209 (OR = 0.23, CI = 0.59-0.94). In conclusion, there are risk factors such as age and occupation that have a correlation of being infected with hepatitis C serological status.</p>","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"14 1","pages":"3018135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5128702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87365119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Duodenal diverticuli alter the anatomy of the papillary region and can make an ERCP difficult. Aim. To study the outcome of ERCP in cases of duodenal diverticuli. Patients and Methods. Consecutive ERCPs in a period of 24 years were included. Endoscopy reports were studied for presence of diverticuli. Success of the procedure and findings were noted. Clinical records were searched for clinical presentation of the patient. Patients without duodenal diverticuli were used as comparison. Results. 2795 procedures were done in 2092 patients. Of these, 211 (10%) had diverticuli. Diverticuli occurred significantly more often in women (p < 0.001). ERCP was significantly more often inconclusive in cases of a diverticulum, 12.8% versus 6.3%, p < 0.001. In cases of a successful ERCP, patients with diverticuli showed more often no abnormalities in the bile duct, 26% versus 17%, p < 0.001. In 64% of cases, the reason for ERCP was cholestasis. There was no significant difference in presence of stones or cholangitis. Biliary pancreatitis was seen more often in patients without diverticuli, 4.4% versus 1.4%, p = 0.04. This was also the case for malignancies, 18.5% versus 6.6%, p < 0.001. Conclusion. It is concluded that duodenal diverticuli can be responsible for cholestasis. Presence of a diverticulum in the duodenum makes the ERCP procedure more complex.
{"title":"The Impact of Duodenal Diverticuli and the Execution of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticography","authors":"R. Loffeld, P. Dekkers","doi":"10.1155/2016/5026289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5026289","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Duodenal diverticuli alter the anatomy of the papillary region and can make an ERCP difficult. Aim. To study the outcome of ERCP in cases of duodenal diverticuli. Patients and Methods. Consecutive ERCPs in a period of 24 years were included. Endoscopy reports were studied for presence of diverticuli. Success of the procedure and findings were noted. Clinical records were searched for clinical presentation of the patient. Patients without duodenal diverticuli were used as comparison. Results. 2795 procedures were done in 2092 patients. Of these, 211 (10%) had diverticuli. Diverticuli occurred significantly more often in women (p < 0.001). ERCP was significantly more often inconclusive in cases of a diverticulum, 12.8% versus 6.3%, p < 0.001. In cases of a successful ERCP, patients with diverticuli showed more often no abnormalities in the bile duct, 26% versus 17%, p < 0.001. In 64% of cases, the reason for ERCP was cholestasis. There was no significant difference in presence of stones or cholangitis. Biliary pancreatitis was seen more often in patients without diverticuli, 4.4% versus 1.4%, p = 0.04. This was also the case for malignancies, 18.5% versus 6.6%, p < 0.001. Conclusion. It is concluded that duodenal diverticuli can be responsible for cholestasis. Presence of a diverticulum in the duodenum makes the ERCP procedure more complex.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80532719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Corscadden, A. Thomson, Behrang Yoonesi, J. McNutt
Estimation of wind speed at proposed hub heights is typically achieved using a wind shear exponent or wind shear coefficient (WSC), variation in wind speed as a function of height. The WSC is subject to temporal variation at low and high frequencies, ranging from diurnal and seasonal variations to disturbance caused by weather patterns; however, in many cases, it is assumed that the WSC remains constant. This assumption creates significant error in resource assessment, increasing uncertainty in projects and potentially significantly impacting the ability to control gird connected wind generators. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge relating to the evaluation and assessment of wind speed, with particular emphasis on the development of techniques to improve the accuracy of estimated wind speed above measurement height. It presents an evaluation of the use of a variable wind shear coefficient methodology based on a distribution of wind shear coefficients which have been implemented in real time. The results indicate that a VWSC provides a more accurate estimate of wind at hub height, ranging from 41% to 4% reduction in root mean squared error (RMSE) between predicted and actual wind speeds when using a variable wind shear coefficient at heights ranging from 33% to 100% above the highest actual wind measurement.
{"title":"The Impact of Variable Wind Shear Coefficients on Risk Reduction of Wind Energy Projects","authors":"K. Corscadden, A. Thomson, Behrang Yoonesi, J. McNutt","doi":"10.1155/2016/5790464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5790464","url":null,"abstract":"Estimation of wind speed at proposed hub heights is typically achieved using a wind shear exponent or wind shear coefficient (WSC), variation in wind speed as a function of height. The WSC is subject to temporal variation at low and high frequencies, ranging from diurnal and seasonal variations to disturbance caused by weather patterns; however, in many cases, it is assumed that the WSC remains constant. This assumption creates significant error in resource assessment, increasing uncertainty in projects and potentially significantly impacting the ability to control gird connected wind generators. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge relating to the evaluation and assessment of wind speed, with particular emphasis on the development of techniques to improve the accuracy of estimated wind speed above measurement height. It presents an evaluation of the use of a variable wind shear coefficient methodology based on a distribution of wind shear coefficients which have been implemented in real time. The results indicate that a VWSC provides a more accurate estimate of wind at hub height, ranging from 41% to 4% reduction in root mean squared error (RMSE) between predicted and actual wind speeds when using a variable wind shear coefficient at heights ranging from 33% to 100% above the highest actual wind measurement.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78908719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We previously demonstrated that a kampo medicine, kakkonto, decreases lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by human gingival fibroblasts. In this study, we examined the herbs constituting kakkonto that exhibit this effect. Shokyo strongly and concentration dependently and kanzo and keihi moderately decreased LPS-induced PGE2 production. Shokyo did not alter cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), annexin 1 and COX-2 expression, and LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Kanzo inhibited COX-2 activity but increased annexin 1 and COX-2 expression and did not alter LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation. Keihi inhibited COX-2 activity and LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation but slightly increased COX-2 expression and did not alter cPLA2 and annexin 1 expression. These results suggest that the mechanism of shokyo is through the inhibition of cPLA2 activity, and that of kanzo and keihi is through the inhibition of COX-2 activity and indirect inhibition of cPLA2 activity. Therefore, it is possible that shokyo and kakkonto are clinically useful for the improvement of inflammatory responses.
{"title":"Studies on Shokyo, Kanzo, and Keihi in Kakkonto Medicine on Prostaglandin E2 Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Human Gingival Fibroblasts","authors":"T. Ara, N. Sogawa","doi":"10.1155/2016/9351787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9351787","url":null,"abstract":"We previously demonstrated that a kampo medicine, kakkonto, decreases lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by human gingival fibroblasts. In this study, we examined the herbs constituting kakkonto that exhibit this effect. Shokyo strongly and concentration dependently and kanzo and keihi moderately decreased LPS-induced PGE2 production. Shokyo did not alter cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), annexin 1 and COX-2 expression, and LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Kanzo inhibited COX-2 activity but increased annexin 1 and COX-2 expression and did not alter LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation. Keihi inhibited COX-2 activity and LPS-induced ERK phosphorylation but slightly increased COX-2 expression and did not alter cPLA2 and annexin 1 expression. These results suggest that the mechanism of shokyo is through the inhibition of cPLA2 activity, and that of kanzo and keihi is through the inhibition of COX-2 activity and indirect inhibition of cPLA2 activity. Therefore, it is possible that shokyo and kakkonto are clinically useful for the improvement of inflammatory responses.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76281457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the request of the authors and the hospital, the article titled “The Impact of Graft Nephrectomy on Subsequent Transplants: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Second Graft Loss and for Multiple Transplantations–A Single-Center Retrospective Study” [1] has been retracted.Thedata reported in the article were not reviewed by the Renal Transplant Unit of the Royal London Hospital before submission. The data is not a complete capture and as a result is not an accurate reflection of the effect of the intervention.
{"title":"Retracted: The Impact of Graft Nephrectomy on Subsequent Transplants: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Second Graft Loss and for Multiple Transplantations–A Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"International Scholarly Research Notices","doi":"10.1155/2016/9782049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9782049","url":null,"abstract":"At the request of the authors and the hospital, the article titled “The Impact of Graft Nephrectomy on Subsequent Transplants: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Second Graft Loss and for Multiple Transplantations–A Single-Center Retrospective Study” [1] has been retracted.Thedata reported in the article were not reviewed by the Renal Transplant Unit of the Royal London Hospital before submission. The data is not a complete capture and as a result is not an accurate reflection of the effect of the intervention.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86212830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahima Mané Diallo, C. Fall, B. Ndiaye, M. Mbaye, I. Diédhiou, A. Ndiaye, P. S. Diawara, F. Fall, Papa Saliou Mbaye, S. Gning
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rarely associated with the occurrence of acute or chronic pancreatitis. Hypercalcemia plays a major role in the pathogenesis. We report five cases of pancreatitis revealing PHPT. Patients and Methods. This is a retrospective study of 4 years, including all patients admitted to intensive care unit or gastroenterology department, for an acute or chronic pancreatitis revealing primary hyperparathyroidism. Results. We included 5 patients, all female, with mean age 54 years [40–76 years]. The PHPT was in all cases revealed by acute pancreatitis (AP). This one was oedematous in four cases and severe in one case. It occurred twice in calcified chronic pancreatitis (CCP). There was hypercalcemia in all cases. The PHPT was associated with a high rate of parathyroid hormone in 4 cases. The secreting lesion was an adenoma in 5 cases. Two patients had in addition bilateral renal calcifications. The outcome was favorable in 4 patients among whom 3 have had parathyroid surgery. A death was noted by superinfection of necrosis in the case of severe AP. Conclusion. The occurrence of pancreatitis during hyperparathyroidism is rare. Normal or elevated calcemia during acute or chronic pancreatitis should always get attention.
{"title":"Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Pancreatitis: A Rare Association with Multiple Facets","authors":"Ibrahima Mané Diallo, C. Fall, B. Ndiaye, M. Mbaye, I. Diédhiou, A. Ndiaye, P. S. Diawara, F. Fall, Papa Saliou Mbaye, S. Gning","doi":"10.1155/2016/7294274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7294274","url":null,"abstract":"Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rarely associated with the occurrence of acute or chronic pancreatitis. Hypercalcemia plays a major role in the pathogenesis. We report five cases of pancreatitis revealing PHPT. Patients and Methods. This is a retrospective study of 4 years, including all patients admitted to intensive care unit or gastroenterology department, for an acute or chronic pancreatitis revealing primary hyperparathyroidism. Results. We included 5 patients, all female, with mean age 54 years [40–76 years]. The PHPT was in all cases revealed by acute pancreatitis (AP). This one was oedematous in four cases and severe in one case. It occurred twice in calcified chronic pancreatitis (CCP). There was hypercalcemia in all cases. The PHPT was associated with a high rate of parathyroid hormone in 4 cases. The secreting lesion was an adenoma in 5 cases. Two patients had in addition bilateral renal calcifications. The outcome was favorable in 4 patients among whom 3 have had parathyroid surgery. A death was noted by superinfection of necrosis in the case of severe AP. Conclusion. The occurrence of pancreatitis during hyperparathyroidism is rare. Normal or elevated calcemia during acute or chronic pancreatitis should always get attention.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87309120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Time domain cyclic-selective mapping (TDC-SLM) reduces the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM systems while the amounts of cyclic shifts are required to recover the transmitted signal in a receiver. One of the critical issues of the SLM scheme is sending the side information (SI) which reduces the throughputs in wireless OFDM systems. The proposed scheme implements delayed correlation and matched filtering (DC-MF) to estimate the amounts of the cyclic shifts in the receiver. In the proposed scheme, the DC-MF is placed after the frequency domain equalization (FDE) to improve the accuracy of cyclic shift estimation. The accuracy rate of the propose scheme reaches 100% at E b/N 0 = 5 dB and the bit error rate (BER) improves by 0.2 dB as compared with the conventional TDC-SLM. The BER performance of the proposed scheme is also better than that of the conventional TDC-SLM even though a nonlinear high power amplifier is assumed.
{"title":"Estimation of Cyclic Shift with Delayed Correlation and Matched Filtering in Time Domain Cyclic-SLM for PAPR Reduction","authors":"Panca Dewi Pamungkasari, Y. Sanada","doi":"10.1155/2016/8506986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8506986","url":null,"abstract":"Time domain cyclic-selective mapping (TDC-SLM) reduces the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM systems while the amounts of cyclic shifts are required to recover the transmitted signal in a receiver. One of the critical issues of the SLM scheme is sending the side information (SI) which reduces the throughputs in wireless OFDM systems. The proposed scheme implements delayed correlation and matched filtering (DC-MF) to estimate the amounts of the cyclic shifts in the receiver. In the proposed scheme, the DC-MF is placed after the frequency domain equalization (FDE) to improve the accuracy of cyclic shift estimation. The accuracy rate of the propose scheme reaches 100% at E b/N 0 = 5 dB and the bit error rate (BER) improves by 0.2 dB as compared with the conventional TDC-SLM. The BER performance of the proposed scheme is also better than that of the conventional TDC-SLM even though a nonlinear high power amplifier is assumed.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84317337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new technique is used to study a family of time-dependent null horizons, called "Evolving Null Horizons" (ENHs), of generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) space-time [Formula: see text] such that the metric [Formula: see text] satisfies a kinematic condition. This work is different from our early papers on the same issue where we used (1 + n)-splitting space-time but only some special subcases of GRW space-time have this formalism. Also, in contrast to previous work, we have proved that each member of ENHs is totally umbilical in [Formula: see text]. Finally, we show that there exists an ENH which is always a null horizon evolving into a black hole event horizon and suggest some open problems.
{"title":"Generalized Robertson-Walker Space-Time Admitting Evolving Null Horizons Related to a Black Hole Event Horizon","authors":"K. L. Duggal","doi":"10.1155/2016/9312525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9312525","url":null,"abstract":"A new technique is used to study a family of time-dependent null horizons, called \"Evolving Null Horizons\" (ENHs), of generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) space-time [Formula: see text] such that the metric [Formula: see text] satisfies a kinematic condition. This work is different from our early papers on the same issue where we used (1 + n)-splitting space-time but only some special subcases of GRW space-time have this formalism. Also, in contrast to previous work, we have proved that each member of ENHs is totally umbilical in [Formula: see text]. Finally, we show that there exists an ENH which is always a null horizon evolving into a black hole event horizon and suggest some open problems.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78520672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Little is known about birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) plan in resource limited settings to decrease maternal mortality. Therefore, this study was done to assess the status of BPCR and associated factors among pregnant women in South Wollo, Northwest Ethiopia, by involving 819 pregnant women from March to April, 2014. Data were collected by using pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using a computer program of SPSS version 20.00. Results. Pregnant women who were prepared for at least three elements of BPCR were 24.1%. Pregnant women knowing at least three key danger signs during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal period were 23.2%, 22.6%, and 9.6%, respectively. Women having secondary education and higher were 6.20 (95% CI = [1.36, 28.120]) times more likely to be prepared than illiterates. Women having a lifetime history of stillbirth [5.80 (1.13, 29.63)], attending ANC for last child pregnancy [5.44 (2.07, 14.27)], participating in community BPCR group discussion [4.36 (1.17, 16.26)], and having their male partner involved in BPCR counseling during ANC follow-up [4.45 (1.95, 10.16)] were more likely to be prepared. Conclusions. BPCR was very low and should be strengthened through health communication by involving partner in BPCR counseling.
背景。在资源有限的情况下，对分娩准备和并发症准备(BPCR)计划以降低孕产妇死亡率知之甚少。因此，本研究于2014年3月至4月对埃塞俄比亚西北部南沃罗地区819名孕妇进行BPCR检测及相关因素评估。采用预测问卷收集数据，采用SPSS 20.00软件进行分析。结果。准备了至少三种BPCR成分的孕妇占24.1%。孕妇在怀孕、分娩和产后至少知道三个关键危险信号的比例分别为23.2%、22.6%和9.6%。受过中等及以上教育的妇女比文盲作好准备的可能性高6.20倍(95% CI =[1.36, 28.120])。终生有死产史[5.80(1.13,29.63)]、最后一次怀孕参加过产前会诊[5.44(2.07,14.27)]、参加过社区BPCR小组讨论[4.36(1.17,16.26)]、在产前会诊随访中有男性伴侣参与BPCR咨询[4.45(1.95,10.16)]的女性更有可能做好准备。结论。BPCR很低，应通过健康沟通加强BPCR咨询。
{"title":"Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Practice and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Yewondwossen Bitew, W. Awoke, Simachew Chekol","doi":"10.1155/2016/8727365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8727365","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Little is known about birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) plan in resource limited settings to decrease maternal mortality. Therefore, this study was done to assess the status of BPCR and associated factors among pregnant women in South Wollo, Northwest Ethiopia, by involving 819 pregnant women from March to April, 2014. Data were collected by using pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using a computer program of SPSS version 20.00. Results. Pregnant women who were prepared for at least three elements of BPCR were 24.1%. Pregnant women knowing at least three key danger signs during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal period were 23.2%, 22.6%, and 9.6%, respectively. Women having secondary education and higher were 6.20 (95% CI = [1.36, 28.120]) times more likely to be prepared than illiterates. Women having a lifetime history of stillbirth [5.80 (1.13, 29.63)], attending ANC for last child pregnancy [5.44 (2.07, 14.27)], participating in community BPCR group discussion [4.36 (1.17, 16.26)], and having their male partner involved in BPCR counseling during ANC follow-up [4.45 (1.95, 10.16)] were more likely to be prepared. Conclusions. BPCR was very low and should be strengthened through health communication by involving partner in BPCR counseling.","PeriodicalId":14433,"journal":{"name":"International Scholarly Research Notices","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73270103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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