Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5767
Wisam O. Najdawi, Justin Chen, Carol L. Karp
This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of conjunctival papilloma in a patient aged 54 years who presented with a 3-month history of a painless lower left eyelid lesion.
本病例报告描述了结膜乳头状瘤的诊断和治疗，患者年龄54岁，表现为3个月的无痛左下眼睑病变史。
{"title":"Pedunculated Palpebral Conjunctival Papilloma","authors":"Wisam O. Najdawi, Justin Chen, Carol L. Karp","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5767","url":null,"abstract":"This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of conjunctival papilloma in a patient aged 54 years who presented with a 3-month history of a painless lower left eyelid lesion.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5751
Sebastian Borges, Nicholas J. DeLuca, Victoria A. Pereira, Vitalia Borges, Kara M. Cavuoto
Importance Language concordance between patients and physicians may improve health outcomes; the extent to which academic ophthalmology centers meet the needs of limited English proficiency populations remains unclear. Objective To evaluate alignment between ophthalmologists language skills at US academic ophthalmology centers and linguistic needs of surrounding limited English proficiency populations. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included ophthalmologists affiliated with 32 ophthalmology programs across 28 metropolitan areas, identified from overlap of 2024-2025 <jats:italic toggle="yes">US News &amp; World Report</jats:italic> “Best Hospitals for Ophthalmology” rankings and 2024 Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research data on National Institutes of Health funding. Language and training data were collected from institutional websites and public sources. Exposures Ophthalmologist language offerings and local limited English proficiency (LEP) language composition derived from institutional websites and US Census Bureau American Community Survey data. Main Outcomes and Measures Language coverage (proportion of limited English proficiency languages represented by ophthalmologists), adjusted ratios (proportion of ophthalmologists speaking a language relative to the limited English proficiency population speaking it), and ophthalmologist availability (number of ophthalmologists per 10 000 limited English proficiency patients). Regional differences were tested using χ <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> and ANOVA tests. Results A mean of 330 (range, 314-367) ophthalmologists were evaluated per region. Across regions, total coverage was 45 of 82 ophthalmologists (54.9%) in the Northeast, 31 of 59 (52.5%) in the South, 29 of 72 (40.3%) in the West, and 24 of 74 (32.4%) in the Midwest. Coverage in the Midwest was lower than in the Northeast (difference, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.42 to −0.02; <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic> = .03). Across 49 identified languages, only Spanish (mean adjusted ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.28-1.00]) and Vietnamese (mean adjusted ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.05-1.67]) were present in every region with consistent underrepresentation. Ophthalmologist availability was lowest for Spanish (mean adjusted ratio, 4.97 [95% CI, −4.49 to 14.43] per 10 000 limited English proficiency patients overall; &lt;3.0 in 3 regions) and Chinese (mean adjusted ratio, 33.25 [95% CI, −33.26 to 99.76] per 10 000). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, academic ophthalmology centers demonstrated substantial gaps in language concordance, with Spanish-speaking patients disproportionately affected despite representing the largest limited English proficiency population nationally. These findings extend prior evidence of patient-level disparities by identifying potential workforce-level contributors to inequities in ophthalmic care and support targeted recruitment, training, and reporting strategies to expand Spa
{"title":"Language Accessibility at Select Academic Ophthalmology Centers Across US Metropolitan Areas","authors":"Sebastian Borges, Nicholas J. DeLuca, Victoria A. Pereira, Vitalia Borges, Kara M. Cavuoto","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5751","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Language concordance between patients and physicians may improve health outcomes; the extent to which academic ophthalmology centers meet the needs of limited English proficiency populations remains unclear. Objective To evaluate alignment between ophthalmologists language skills at US academic ophthalmology centers and linguistic needs of surrounding limited English proficiency populations. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included ophthalmologists affiliated with 32 ophthalmology programs across 28 metropolitan areas, identified from overlap of 2024-2025 <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">US News &amp;amp; World Report</jats:italic> “Best Hospitals for Ophthalmology” rankings and 2024 Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research data on National Institutes of Health funding. Language and training data were collected from institutional websites and public sources. Exposures Ophthalmologist language offerings and local limited English proficiency (LEP) language composition derived from institutional websites and US Census Bureau American Community Survey data. Main Outcomes and Measures Language coverage (proportion of limited English proficiency languages represented by ophthalmologists), adjusted ratios (proportion of ophthalmologists speaking a language relative to the limited English proficiency population speaking it), and ophthalmologist availability (number of ophthalmologists per 10 000 limited English proficiency patients). Regional differences were tested using χ <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> and ANOVA tests. Results A mean of 330 (range, 314-367) ophthalmologists were evaluated per region. Across regions, total coverage was 45 of 82 ophthalmologists (54.9%) in the Northeast, 31 of 59 (52.5%) in the South, 29 of 72 (40.3%) in the West, and 24 of 74 (32.4%) in the Midwest. Coverage in the Midwest was lower than in the Northeast (difference, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.42 to −0.02; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> = .03). Across 49 identified languages, only Spanish (mean adjusted ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.28-1.00]) and Vietnamese (mean adjusted ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.05-1.67]) were present in every region with consistent underrepresentation. Ophthalmologist availability was lowest for Spanish (mean adjusted ratio, 4.97 [95% CI, −4.49 to 14.43] per 10 000 limited English proficiency patients overall; &amp;lt;3.0 in 3 regions) and Chinese (mean adjusted ratio, 33.25 [95% CI, −33.26 to 99.76] per 10 000). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, academic ophthalmology centers demonstrated substantial gaps in language concordance, with Spanish-speaking patients disproportionately affected despite representing the largest limited English proficiency population nationally. These findings extend prior evidence of patient-level disparities by identifying potential workforce-level contributors to inequities in ophthalmic care and support targeted recruitment, training, and reporting strategies to expand Spa","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5067
Marie Callet, Marc Putterman, Augustin Lecler
This case report discusses a diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the conjunctiva of a young boy who presented with a painless, enlarging conjunctival mass.
{"title":"Pediatric Orbital MALT Lymphoma Masquerading as a Pyogenic Granuloma","authors":"Marie Callet, Marc Putterman, Augustin Lecler","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5067","url":null,"abstract":"This case report discusses a diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the conjunctiva of a young boy who presented with a painless, enlarging conjunctival mass.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"391 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5594
Pia Lundgren, Hanna Danielsson, Mohit B. Panwar, María Bueno Álvez, Aldina Pivodic, Wen Zhong, Nele Brusselaers, Dirk Wackernagel, Ulrika Sjöbom, Karin Sävman, Ingrid Hansen Pupp, David Ley, Susanna Klevebro, Anders K. Nilsson, Zhongjie Fu, Lois E. H. Smith, Mathias Uhlén, Ann Hellström
Importance Identifying early proteomic profiles in infants who develop severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may reveal targets for preventive interventions to reduce retinal vessel loss and the subsequent risk of severe ROP. Objective To assess early longitudinal profiles of blood protein levels in preterm infants with or without severe ROP and the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation. Design, Setting, and Participants This was an exploratory, post hoc analysis of serum proteome profiles in preterm infants in the double-masked Mega Donna Mega (MDM) randomized clinical trial using targeted Olink Proximity Extension Assay proteomics covering 538 analytes. The setting was 3 university hospitals in Sweden and included extremely preterm infants born before 28 weeks of gestational age (GA), from 2016 to 2019. Data were analyzed from January to March 2025. Exposures All infants received standard nutrition; additionally, half received enteral lipid supplementation with AA/DHA (100/50 mg/kg per day) from birth to term equivalent age. Main Outcomes and Measures Longitudinal protein profiles during the first month of life were examined using mixed models for repeated measures, adjusted for GA, study center, and AA/DHA supplementation, and tested for the interaction between severe ROP (stage ≥3 and/or treated) and postnatal age. Results A total of 177 extremely preterm infants (mean [SD] GA, 25.6 [1.4] weeks; 100 male [56.5%]) were included, of whom 50 (28.2%) developed severe ROP. Of 538 longitudinal analyzed proteins, 109 protein profiles in the first month of life associated with severe ROP, proteins related to immune response, apoptotic processes, blood coagulation, and lipid metabolism. The most pronounced association with severe ROP was a fast rise in fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21; β = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97; Q =.002) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA; β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13-0.29; Q &lt;.001) during the first postnatal days. The increase in serum FGF-21 level in the first week of life was associated with lower GA, lower birth weight, low enteral energy intake, and more days receiving mechanical ventilation. No association was observed between AA/DHA supplementation and the proteome. Conclusions and Relevance In this post hoc exploratory analysis of data from the MDM randomized clinical trial, a fast rise in FGF-21 levels, a metabolic stress-induced hormone, during the first postnatal days was strongly associated with the development of severe ROP in extremely preterm infants. These findings suggest that early interventions improving bioenergetic status may help prevent severe ROP. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03201588
确定严重早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）婴儿的早期蛋白质组学特征可能揭示预防干预的目标，以减少视网膜血管丢失和随后发生严重ROP的风险。目的探讨有或无严重ROP的早产儿早期血蛋白水平的纵向分布及补充花生四烯酸（AA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的影响。设计、环境和参与者：这是一项探索性的、事后分析早产儿血清蛋白质组谱的研究，该研究采用靶向Olink接近扩展测定蛋白质组学方法，在双屏蔽Mega Donna Mega （MDM）随机临床试验中对538种分析物进行分析。研究背景是瑞典的3所大学医院，包括2016年至2019年在28周胎龄（GA）之前出生的极早产儿。数据分析时间为2025年1月至3月。所有婴儿接受标准营养；此外，一半的小鼠从出生到足月等龄接受AA/DHA脂质补充（100/50 mg/kg /天）。使用重复测量的混合模型检查出生后第一个月的纵向蛋白质谱，调整GA、研究中心和AA/DHA补充，并测试严重ROP（≥3期和/或治疗）与出生后年龄之间的相互作用。结果共纳入177例极早产儿（平均[SD] GA 25.6[1.4]周，男性100例[56.5%]），其中50例（28.2%）发生严重ROP。在538个纵向分析的蛋白质中，109个蛋白质谱在生命的第一个月与严重ROP相关，蛋白质与免疫反应、凋亡过程、凝血和脂质代谢相关。与严重ROP最显著的关联是成纤维细胞生长因子21 （FGF-21; β = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97; Q = 0.002）和组织纤溶酶原激活物（tPA; β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13-0.29; Q <）的快速升高。001)在出生后的最初几天。出生后第一周血清FGF-21水平升高与较低的GA、较低的出生体重、较低的肠内能量摄入和接受机械通气的天数增加有关。没有观察到补充AA/DHA与蛋白质组之间的关联。在这项对MDM随机临床试验数据的事后探索性分析中，出生后最初几天FGF-21水平（一种代谢应激诱导激素）的快速上升与极早产儿严重ROP的发展密切相关。这些发现表明，早期干预改善生物能量状态可能有助于预防严重的ROP。临床试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT03201588
{"title":"Proteomic Profile in Retinopathy of Prematurity","authors":"Pia Lundgren, Hanna Danielsson, Mohit B. Panwar, María Bueno Álvez, Aldina Pivodic, Wen Zhong, Nele Brusselaers, Dirk Wackernagel, Ulrika Sjöbom, Karin Sävman, Ingrid Hansen Pupp, David Ley, Susanna Klevebro, Anders K. Nilsson, Zhongjie Fu, Lois E. H. Smith, Mathias Uhlén, Ann Hellström","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5594","url":null,"abstract":"Importance Identifying early proteomic profiles in infants who develop severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may reveal targets for preventive interventions to reduce retinal vessel loss and the subsequent risk of severe ROP. Objective To assess early longitudinal profiles of blood protein levels in preterm infants with or without severe ROP and the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation. Design, Setting, and Participants This was an exploratory, post hoc analysis of serum proteome profiles in preterm infants in the double-masked Mega Donna Mega (MDM) randomized clinical trial using targeted Olink Proximity Extension Assay proteomics covering 538 analytes. The setting was 3 university hospitals in Sweden and included extremely preterm infants born before 28 weeks of gestational age (GA), from 2016 to 2019. Data were analyzed from January to March 2025. Exposures All infants received standard nutrition; additionally, half received enteral lipid supplementation with AA/DHA (100/50 mg/kg per day) from birth to term equivalent age. Main Outcomes and Measures Longitudinal protein profiles during the first month of life were examined using mixed models for repeated measures, adjusted for GA, study center, and AA/DHA supplementation, and tested for the interaction between severe ROP (stage ≥3 and/or treated) and postnatal age. Results A total of 177 extremely preterm infants (mean [SD] GA, 25.6 [1.4] weeks; 100 male [56.5%]) were included, of whom 50 (28.2%) developed severe ROP. Of 538 longitudinal analyzed proteins, 109 protein profiles in the first month of life associated with severe ROP, proteins related to immune response, apoptotic processes, blood coagulation, and lipid metabolism. The most pronounced association with severe ROP was a fast rise in fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21; β = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97; <jats:italic>Q</jats:italic> =.002) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA; β = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13-0.29; <jats:italic>Q</jats:italic> &amp;lt;.001) during the first postnatal days. The increase in serum FGF-21 level in the first week of life was associated with lower GA, lower birth weight, low enteral energy intake, and more days receiving mechanical ventilation. No association was observed between AA/DHA supplementation and the proteome. Conclusions and Relevance In this post hoc exploratory analysis of data from the MDM randomized clinical trial, a fast rise in FGF-21 levels, a metabolic stress-induced hormone, during the first postnatal days was strongly associated with the development of severe ROP in extremely preterm infants. These findings suggest that early interventions improving bioenergetic status may help prevent severe ROP. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03201588\">NCT03201588</jats:ext-link>","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5587
Nishtha Singh, Viney Gupta, Arnav Panigrahi
A 66-year-old man had nebulomacular corneal opacities, iris atrophy, and corectopia along with coarse facial skin, resorbed digits, anesthetic patches, and healed trophic skin ulcers. What would you do next?
{"title":"Unmasking a Masquerade of Ocular Dysgenesis","authors":"Nishtha Singh, Viney Gupta, Arnav Panigrahi","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5587","url":null,"abstract":"A 66-year-old man had nebulomacular corneal opacities, iris atrophy, and corectopia along with coarse facial skin, resorbed digits, anesthetic patches, and healed trophic skin ulcers. What would you do next?","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5581
Setu P. Mehta, Muhammad Ali, Ahmed Sabit, Laura K. Green, Jeff H. Pettey, R. Michael Siatkowski, Grace Sun, O’Rese J. Knight, Fasika A. Woreta
This cohort study assesses patterns in medical school students who matched with ophthalmology residency programs from 2021 to 2023, according to candidates’ sex, race, and ethnicity.
{"title":"Ophthalmology Residency Match Rates by Applicant Demographics","authors":"Setu P. Mehta, Muhammad Ali, Ahmed Sabit, Laura K. Green, Jeff H. Pettey, R. Michael Siatkowski, Grace Sun, O’Rese J. Knight, Fasika A. Woreta","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.5581","url":null,"abstract":"This cohort study assesses patterns in medical school students who matched with ophthalmology residency programs from 2021 to 2023, according to candidates’ sex, race, and ethnicity.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.6124
{"title":"Error in Open Access Status and in Results.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.6124","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.6124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"144 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12809361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.4652
Anokhi S Kholwadwala, Andrew G Lee
{"title":"Prediction of Optic Disc Edema Progression in Spaceflight.","authors":"Anokhi S Kholwadwala, Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.4652","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2025.4652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"40-41"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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