Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4378
Christina Y Weng
{"title":"Can We Do Better for Submacular Hemorrhage in Neovascular AMD?","authors":"Christina Y Weng","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884
Joshua R Ehrlich,Zeb Burke-Conte,John S Wittenborn,Jinan Saaddine,John D Omura,David S Friedman,Abraham D Flaxman,David B Rein
ImportanceGlaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and, in the US, disproportionately affects people from racial and ethnic minority groups. Glaucoma prevalence has not been estimated for the US in more than a decade, and state- and county-level estimates are not available.ObjectiveTo estimate glaucoma and vision-affecting glaucoma prevalence by demographic factors and US state and county for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System (VEHSS).Data SourcesThis meta-analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008), Medicare fee-for-service claims (2019), IBM MarketScan commercial insurance claims (2016), population-based studies of eye disease (1985-2003), and 2022 population estimates from the US Census Bureau.Study SelectionPubMed was searched for population-based studies of glaucoma prevalence published between 1991 and 2016.Data Extraction and SynthesisBayesian meta-regression methods were used to estimate the prevalence of glaucoma and vision-affecting glaucoma stratified by age, undifferentiated sex/gender (a measure that captures an unclear mix of aspects of sex and or gender), race and ethnicity, and US county and state.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of any type of glaucoma (open or closed angle) among people 18 years or older and vision-affecting glaucoma, defined as glaucoma and a visual field abnormality.ResultsFor 2022, an estimated 4.22 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 3.46 million to 5.23 million) in the US were living with glaucoma, with a prevalence of 1.62% (UI, 1.33%-2.00%) among people 18 years or older and 2.56% (UI, 2.10%-3.16%) among people 40 years or older. An estimated 1.49 million people (UI, 1.17 million to 1.90 million) were living with vision-affecting glaucoma, with a prevalence of 0.57% (UI, 0.45%-0.73%) among people 18 years or older and 0.91% (UI, 0.71%-1.16%) among people 40 years or older. Prevalence of glaucoma among people 18 years or older ranged from 1.11% (UI, 0.89%-1.40%) in Utah to 1.95% (UI, 1.57%-2.39%) in Mississippi. Black adults had a prevalence of 3.15% (UI, 2.32%-4.09%) compared with 1.42% (UI, 1.10%-1.85%) among White adults; adults in the Hispanic and all other racial and ethnic categories combined had a prevalence of 1.56% (UI, 1.13%-2.06%).Conclusions and RelevanceThis meta-analysis found that an estimated 2.56% of people 40 years or older have glaucoma, slightly more than estimated by previous studies. Black individuals are disproportionately affected. Prevalence estimates at the state and county level can help guide public health planning.
{"title":"Prevalence of Glaucoma Among US Adults in 2022.","authors":"Joshua R Ehrlich,Zeb Burke-Conte,John S Wittenborn,Jinan Saaddine,John D Omura,David S Friedman,Abraham D Flaxman,David B Rein","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceGlaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and, in the US, disproportionately affects people from racial and ethnic minority groups. Glaucoma prevalence has not been estimated for the US in more than a decade, and state- and county-level estimates are not available.ObjectiveTo estimate glaucoma and vision-affecting glaucoma prevalence by demographic factors and US state and county for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System (VEHSS).Data SourcesThis meta-analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008), Medicare fee-for-service claims (2019), IBM MarketScan commercial insurance claims (2016), population-based studies of eye disease (1985-2003), and 2022 population estimates from the US Census Bureau.Study SelectionPubMed was searched for population-based studies of glaucoma prevalence published between 1991 and 2016.Data Extraction and SynthesisBayesian meta-regression methods were used to estimate the prevalence of glaucoma and vision-affecting glaucoma stratified by age, undifferentiated sex/gender (a measure that captures an unclear mix of aspects of sex and or gender), race and ethnicity, and US county and state.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of any type of glaucoma (open or closed angle) among people 18 years or older and vision-affecting glaucoma, defined as glaucoma and a visual field abnormality.ResultsFor 2022, an estimated 4.22 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 3.46 million to 5.23 million) in the US were living with glaucoma, with a prevalence of 1.62% (UI, 1.33%-2.00%) among people 18 years or older and 2.56% (UI, 2.10%-3.16%) among people 40 years or older. An estimated 1.49 million people (UI, 1.17 million to 1.90 million) were living with vision-affecting glaucoma, with a prevalence of 0.57% (UI, 0.45%-0.73%) among people 18 years or older and 0.91% (UI, 0.71%-1.16%) among people 40 years or older. Prevalence of glaucoma among people 18 years or older ranged from 1.11% (UI, 0.89%-1.40%) in Utah to 1.95% (UI, 1.57%-2.39%) in Mississippi. Black adults had a prevalence of 3.15% (UI, 2.32%-4.09%) compared with 1.42% (UI, 1.10%-1.85%) among White adults; adults in the Hispanic and all other racial and ethnic categories combined had a prevalence of 1.56% (UI, 1.13%-2.06%).Conclusions and RelevanceThis meta-analysis found that an estimated 2.56% of people 40 years or older have glaucoma, slightly more than estimated by previous studies. Black individuals are disproportionately affected. Prevalence estimates at the state and county level can help guide public health planning.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4269
Ayse Gungor,Raymond P Najjar,Steffen Hamann,Zhiqun Tang,Wolf A Lagrèze,Riccardo Sadun,Kanchalika Sathianvichitr,Marc J Dinkin,Cristiano Oliveira,Anfei Li,Federico Sadun,Andrew R Carey,Walid Bouthour,Mung Yan Lin,Jing-Liang Loo,Neil R Miller,Nancy J Newman,Valérie Biousse,Dan Milea,
ImportancePrompt and accurate diagnosis of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) from giant cell arteritis and other systemic vasculitis can contribute to preventing irreversible vision loss from these conditions. Its clinical distinction from nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) can be challenging, especially when systemic symptoms are lacking or laboratory markers of the disease are not reliable.ObjectiveTo develop, train, and test a deep learning system (DLS) to discriminate AAION from NAION on color fundus images during the acute phase.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was an international study including color fundus images of 961 eyes of 802 patients with confirmed AAION and NAION. Training was performed using images from 21 expert neuro-ophthalmology centers in 16 countries, while external testing was performed in a cohort from 5 expert neuro-ophthalmology centers in the US and Europe. Data for training and external testing were collected from August 2018 to January 2023. A mix of deidentified images of 2 fields of view (optic disc centered and macula centered) were used. For training and internal validation, images were from 16 fundus camera models with fields of 30° to 55°. For external testing, images were from 5 fundus cameras with fields of 30° to 50°. Data were analyzed from January 2023 to January 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe performance of the DLS was measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.ResultsIn the training and validation sets, 374 (54.9%) of patients were female, 301 (44.2%) were male, and 6 (0.9%) were of unknown sex; the median (range) age was 66 (23-96) years. When tested on the external dataset including 121 patients (35 [28.9%] female, 44 [36.4%] male, and 42 [34.7%] of unknown sex; median [range] age, 69 [37-89] years), the DLS achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.99), a sensitivity of 91.1% (95% CI, 85.2-96.9), a specificity of 93.4% (95% CI, 91.1-98.2), and an accuracy of 92.6% (95% CI, 90.5-96.6). The accuracy of the 2 experts for classification of the same dataset was 74.3% (95% CI, 66.7-81.9) and 81.6% (95% CI, 74.8-88.4), respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceA DLS showing disease-specific averaged class-activation maps had greater than 90% accuracy at discriminating between acute AAION from NAION on color fundus images, at the eye level, without any clinical or biomarker information. A DLS that identifies AAION could improve clinical decision-making, potentially reducing the risk of misdiagnosis and improving patient outcomes.
{"title":"Deep Learning to Discriminate Arteritic From Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy on Color Images.","authors":"Ayse Gungor,Raymond P Najjar,Steffen Hamann,Zhiqun Tang,Wolf A Lagrèze,Riccardo Sadun,Kanchalika Sathianvichitr,Marc J Dinkin,Cristiano Oliveira,Anfei Li,Federico Sadun,Andrew R Carey,Walid Bouthour,Mung Yan Lin,Jing-Liang Loo,Neil R Miller,Nancy J Newman,Valérie Biousse,Dan Milea,","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4269","url":null,"abstract":"ImportancePrompt and accurate diagnosis of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) from giant cell arteritis and other systemic vasculitis can contribute to preventing irreversible vision loss from these conditions. Its clinical distinction from nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) can be challenging, especially when systemic symptoms are lacking or laboratory markers of the disease are not reliable.ObjectiveTo develop, train, and test a deep learning system (DLS) to discriminate AAION from NAION on color fundus images during the acute phase.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was an international study including color fundus images of 961 eyes of 802 patients with confirmed AAION and NAION. Training was performed using images from 21 expert neuro-ophthalmology centers in 16 countries, while external testing was performed in a cohort from 5 expert neuro-ophthalmology centers in the US and Europe. Data for training and external testing were collected from August 2018 to January 2023. A mix of deidentified images of 2 fields of view (optic disc centered and macula centered) were used. For training and internal validation, images were from 16 fundus camera models with fields of 30° to 55°. For external testing, images were from 5 fundus cameras with fields of 30° to 50°. Data were analyzed from January 2023 to January 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe performance of the DLS was measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.ResultsIn the training and validation sets, 374 (54.9%) of patients were female, 301 (44.2%) were male, and 6 (0.9%) were of unknown sex; the median (range) age was 66 (23-96) years. When tested on the external dataset including 121 patients (35 [28.9%] female, 44 [36.4%] male, and 42 [34.7%] of unknown sex; median [range] age, 69 [37-89] years), the DLS achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.99), a sensitivity of 91.1% (95% CI, 85.2-96.9), a specificity of 93.4% (95% CI, 91.1-98.2), and an accuracy of 92.6% (95% CI, 90.5-96.6). The accuracy of the 2 experts for classification of the same dataset was 74.3% (95% CI, 66.7-81.9) and 81.6% (95% CI, 74.8-88.4), respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceA DLS showing disease-specific averaged class-activation maps had greater than 90% accuracy at discriminating between acute AAION from NAION on color fundus images, at the eye level, without any clinical or biomarker information. A DLS that identifies AAION could improve clinical decision-making, potentially reducing the risk of misdiagnosis and improving patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4289
Hartej Singh,Deepthi E Kurian,Carol L Shields
{"title":"Subconjunctival Mass 30 Years After Melanoma Resection.","authors":"Hartej Singh,Deepthi E Kurian,Carol L Shields","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3527
Yu Jin Roh,Eun Ji Lee,Tae-Woo Kim
{"title":"Acute Transient Cataract Associated With 5-Fluorouracil.","authors":"Yu Jin Roh,Eun Ji Lee,Tae-Woo Kim","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"33 1","pages":"e243527"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4379
Rohit Varma,Xuejuan Jiang
{"title":"Glaucoma in the US-Gaps in Data on Racial and Ethnic Minority and Aging Populations.","authors":"Rohit Varma,Xuejuan Jiang","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4297
George S P Murphy,Azahir Saleh,Salma Ayis,Muhammad Raza Cheema,Alex Mehta,David H Steel,Luke Membrey,Mark Costen,Timothy L Jackson
ImportanceEvidence is limited to support therapies to treat submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as an adjunct to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy (anti-VEGF).ObjectiveTo determine if intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) or gas improves visual acuity or promotes resolution of SMH secondary to neovascular AMD in eyes treated with ranibizumab.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a double-masked, sham-controlled, factorial randomized clinical trial and feasibility study that recruited participants from June 2014 to March 2019, with 12 months' follow-up. Included in the trial were patients from 4 UK vitreoretinal units who had fovea-involving SMH of at least 1 disc area secondary to neovascular AMD and were evaluated within 14 days of onset.InterventionsStudy eyes received baseline ranibizumab and were then randomized 2:1:1:1 to 1 of 4 intravitreal treatments: sham injection, perfluoropropane (C3F8), TPA, or combined C3F8 and TPA (C3F8 + TPA). All eyes received monthly pro re nata ranibizumab therapy over 12 months. Outcome assessors were masked to intervention assignment.Main Outcome and MeasureBest-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at month 3.ResultsFifty-three of 56 participants (95%; mean [SD] age, 81.5 [8.1] years; 33 female [59%]) reached the primary end point. Study eyes were randomized to the following intravitreal treatments: sham injection (n = 23), C3F8 (n = 11), TPA (n = 11), or C3F8 + TPA (n = 11). On factorial analysis, the combined TPA groups had significantly better month 3 mean logMAR BCVA than those not receiving TPA: 0.66 vs 0.98 (μd = -0.32; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.07; P = .02). There was no statistically significant difference comparing groups that did vs did not receive C3F8: 0.80 vs 0.90 (μd = -0.11; 95% CI, -0.37 to 0.16; P = .43). The combined TPA groups were less likely to have SMH present at month 1 (10 of 18 [55.6%] vs 21 of 24 [87.5%]; P = .03), a benefit not evident in the combined gas groups. The mean logMAR BCVA at 3 months was not significantly different between the groups: monotherapy control, 0.99; C3F8, 0.97 (vs control μd = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.48 to 0.44); TPA, 0.70 (vs control μd = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.79 to 0.21); combined C3F8 and TPA, 0.71 (vs control μd = -0.36; 95% CI, -0.82 to 0.11); P = .11. No safety differences were identified across the treatment groups.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that TPA may increase the chance of visual acuity gain when added to ranibizumab therapy for neovascular AMD in eyes with SMH, warranting consideration of additional clinical trials.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01835067.
{"title":"Tissue Plasminogen Activator or Perfluoropropane for Submacular Hemorrhage in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Factorial Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"George S P Murphy,Azahir Saleh,Salma Ayis,Muhammad Raza Cheema,Alex Mehta,David H Steel,Luke Membrey,Mark Costen,Timothy L Jackson","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4297","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceEvidence is limited to support therapies to treat submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as an adjunct to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy (anti-VEGF).ObjectiveTo determine if intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) or gas improves visual acuity or promotes resolution of SMH secondary to neovascular AMD in eyes treated with ranibizumab.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a double-masked, sham-controlled, factorial randomized clinical trial and feasibility study that recruited participants from June 2014 to March 2019, with 12 months' follow-up. Included in the trial were patients from 4 UK vitreoretinal units who had fovea-involving SMH of at least 1 disc area secondary to neovascular AMD and were evaluated within 14 days of onset.InterventionsStudy eyes received baseline ranibizumab and were then randomized 2:1:1:1 to 1 of 4 intravitreal treatments: sham injection, perfluoropropane (C3F8), TPA, or combined C3F8 and TPA (C3F8 + TPA). All eyes received monthly pro re nata ranibizumab therapy over 12 months. Outcome assessors were masked to intervention assignment.Main Outcome and MeasureBest-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at month 3.ResultsFifty-three of 56 participants (95%; mean [SD] age, 81.5 [8.1] years; 33 female [59%]) reached the primary end point. Study eyes were randomized to the following intravitreal treatments: sham injection (n = 23), C3F8 (n = 11), TPA (n = 11), or C3F8 + TPA (n = 11). On factorial analysis, the combined TPA groups had significantly better month 3 mean logMAR BCVA than those not receiving TPA: 0.66 vs 0.98 (μd = -0.32; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.07; P = .02). There was no statistically significant difference comparing groups that did vs did not receive C3F8: 0.80 vs 0.90 (μd = -0.11; 95% CI, -0.37 to 0.16; P = .43). The combined TPA groups were less likely to have SMH present at month 1 (10 of 18 [55.6%] vs 21 of 24 [87.5%]; P = .03), a benefit not evident in the combined gas groups. The mean logMAR BCVA at 3 months was not significantly different between the groups: monotherapy control, 0.99; C3F8, 0.97 (vs control μd = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.48 to 0.44); TPA, 0.70 (vs control μd = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.79 to 0.21); combined C3F8 and TPA, 0.71 (vs control μd = -0.36; 95% CI, -0.82 to 0.11); P = .11. No safety differences were identified across the treatment groups.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that TPA may increase the chance of visual acuity gain when added to ranibizumab therapy for neovascular AMD in eyes with SMH, warranting consideration of additional clinical trials.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01835067.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImportanceStudies on the epidemiology of retinoblastoma (RB) could lead to improvement in management.ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence and survival of RB in European children and the occurrence of second primary tumors (other than RB) in these patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used population-based data from 81 cancer registries in 31 European countries adhering to the European Cancer Registries (EUROCARE-6) project. Data collection took place between January 2000 and December 2013. European children aged 0 to 14 years diagnosed with RB were included. Data were analyzed from May to November 2023.ExposuresDiagnosis of RB with International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3), morphology coded 9510-9514 (retinoblastoma) and malignant behavior (fifth digit of morphology code, 3).Main Outcome and MeasuresAnnual incidence (per million children aged 0-14 years), 5-year survival (%), and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of subsequent malignant neoplasms.ResultsThe study included 3262 patients (mean [SD] age, 1.27 [1.63] years; 1706 [52%] male and 1556 [48%] female) from 81 registries. Of these, 3098 patients were considered in trend analysis after excluding registries with incomplete time coverage: 940 in 2000 to 2003, 703 in 2004 to 2006, 744 in 2007 to 2009, and 856 in 2010 to 2013. The estimated overall European incidence rate was 4.0 (95% CI, 3.9-4.1). Rates among countries varied from less than 2 million to greater than 6 million per year. No time trend of incidence was observed in any area. The overall European 5-year survival was 97.8% (95% CI, 95.5-98.9; 3180 cases). Five-year survival was lower in Estonia and Bulgaria (<80%) and 100% in several countries. Twenty-five subsequent malignant neoplasms were recorded during follow-up (up to 14 years), with an SIR of 8.2 and with cases occurring at mean ages between 1.3 and 8.9 years across different sites. An increased risk was found for hematological tumors (SIR, 5) and bone and soft tissue sarcomas (SIR, 29).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study showed RB incidence remained stable at 4.0 per 1 000 000 European children aged 0 to 14 years from 2000 to 2013, but estimates varied among countries and differences in survival across countries persist. These data might be used to monitor RB management and occurrences of second tumors. The findings suggest future registry studies should aim to collect standardized RB stage at diagnosis and treatment to interpret disparities and potentially improve surveillance.
{"title":"Survival and Health Care Burden of Children With Retinoblastoma in Europe.","authors":"Gianni Virgili,Riccardo Capocaccia,Laura Botta,Damien Bennett,Theodora Hadjistilianou,Kaire Innos,Henrike Karim-Kos,Claudia E Kuehni,Ursula Kuhnel,Cinzia Mazzini,Adela Canete Nieto,Keiu Paapsi,Mariacristina Parravano,Cécile M Ronckers,Silvia Rossi,Charles Stiller,Giulio Vicini,Otto Visser,Gemma Gatta,","doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4140","url":null,"abstract":"ImportanceStudies on the epidemiology of retinoblastoma (RB) could lead to improvement in management.ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence and survival of RB in European children and the occurrence of second primary tumors (other than RB) in these patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used population-based data from 81 cancer registries in 31 European countries adhering to the European Cancer Registries (EUROCARE-6) project. Data collection took place between January 2000 and December 2013. European children aged 0 to 14 years diagnosed with RB were included. Data were analyzed from May to November 2023.ExposuresDiagnosis of RB with International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3), morphology coded 9510-9514 (retinoblastoma) and malignant behavior (fifth digit of morphology code, 3).Main Outcome and MeasuresAnnual incidence (per million children aged 0-14 years), 5-year survival (%), and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of subsequent malignant neoplasms.ResultsThe study included 3262 patients (mean [SD] age, 1.27 [1.63] years; 1706 [52%] male and 1556 [48%] female) from 81 registries. Of these, 3098 patients were considered in trend analysis after excluding registries with incomplete time coverage: 940 in 2000 to 2003, 703 in 2004 to 2006, 744 in 2007 to 2009, and 856 in 2010 to 2013. The estimated overall European incidence rate was 4.0 (95% CI, 3.9-4.1). Rates among countries varied from less than 2 million to greater than 6 million per year. No time trend of incidence was observed in any area. The overall European 5-year survival was 97.8% (95% CI, 95.5-98.9; 3180 cases). Five-year survival was lower in Estonia and Bulgaria (<80%) and 100% in several countries. Twenty-five subsequent malignant neoplasms were recorded during follow-up (up to 14 years), with an SIR of 8.2 and with cases occurring at mean ages between 1.3 and 8.9 years across different sites. An increased risk was found for hematological tumors (SIR, 5) and bone and soft tissue sarcomas (SIR, 29).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study showed RB incidence remained stable at 4.0 per 1 000 000 European children aged 0 to 14 years from 2000 to 2013, but estimates varied among countries and differences in survival across countries persist. These data might be used to monitor RB management and occurrences of second tumors. The findings suggest future registry studies should aim to collect standardized RB stage at diagnosis and treatment to interpret disparities and potentially improve surveillance.","PeriodicalId":14518,"journal":{"name":"JAMA ophthalmology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.4268
Patricia Chévez-Barrios,Guillermo L Chantada,Matthew W Wilson
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