F. Mohammadi, A. Hajinezhad, A. Kasaeian, S. F. Moosavian
With the increasing demand for energy globally and the need to reduce fossil fuels, paying attention to renewable and clean energy sources is necessary. Solar systems are viable among renewable energy sources for heat and electricity generation. In this study, an Off-grid solar system was investigated by considering the effect of climate conditions and environmental factors such as dust on the performance of PV panels. Performance and efficiency of PV system using PVsyst software in four cities of Iran (Mashhad, Abadan, Rasht, and Sanandaj) with different climates were presented. This study shows that most of the loss occurs in Sanandaj, with the cold and humid climate, which results show an 11.19% efficiency reduction. On the other hand, with its hot and humid climate, Abadan has an 8.33% loss due to the geographical location of this city in the vicinity of desert areas. With a temperate and humid climate, Rasht has a 2.27% decrease, and Mashhad, with a cold and dry climate, has a 2.19% decrease in yield.
{"title":"Effect of Dust Accumulation on Performance of the Photovoltaic Panels in Different Climate Zones","authors":"F. Mohammadi, A. Hajinezhad, A. Kasaeian, S. F. Moosavian","doi":"10.18488/13.v11i1.3041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/13.v11i1.3041","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing demand for energy globally and the need to reduce fossil fuels, paying attention to renewable and clean energy sources is necessary. Solar systems are viable among renewable energy sources for heat and electricity generation. In this study, an Off-grid solar system was investigated by considering the effect of climate conditions and environmental factors such as dust on the performance of PV panels. Performance and efficiency of PV system using PVsyst software in four cities of Iran (Mashhad, Abadan, Rasht, and Sanandaj) with different climates were presented. This study shows that most of the loss occurs in Sanandaj, with the cold and humid climate, which results show an 11.19% efficiency reduction. On the other hand, with its hot and humid climate, Abadan has an 8.33% loss due to the geographical location of this city in the vicinity of desert areas. With a temperate and humid climate, Rasht has a 2.27% decrease, and Mashhad, with a cold and dry climate, has a 2.19% decrease in yield.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122959716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change brought about by the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) has shone a spotlight on the role of the internal combustion engine. These engines are significant contributors to GHG emissions. However, there have been recent improvements in their design. Natural gas produces lower GHG emissions during combustion, making it suitable as a fuel in internal combustion engines. Aside from the emission impact of gasoline and diesel, the collapse of Nigeria’s petroleum refineries has impacted the availability of the products and caused them to have exorbitant prices for the populace. The country is, however, richly blessed with natural gas, which is waiting to be tapped and put to use. The conversion of a fleet of diesel trucks by a local haulage company will have both financial and GHG emissions impacts. This study investigates these impacts. By the fifty-third month, the investment starts to yield dividends, which accrue to over $34,000 over the useful life of each truck. Also, for each converted truck there is a reduction in GHG emissions of around 13.22 tons annually.
{"title":"Impact of Adopting Diesel-CNG Dual-Fuel Engine on Haulage","authors":"O. Towoju","doi":"10.18488/13.v11i1.2996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/13.v11i1.2996","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change brought about by the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) has shone a spotlight on the role of the internal combustion engine. These engines are significant contributors to GHG emissions. However, there have been recent improvements in their design. Natural gas produces lower GHG emissions during combustion, making it suitable as a fuel in internal combustion engines. Aside from the emission impact of gasoline and diesel, the collapse of Nigeria’s petroleum refineries has impacted the availability of the products and caused them to have exorbitant prices for the populace. The country is, however, richly blessed with natural gas, which is waiting to be tapped and put to use. The conversion of a fleet of diesel trucks by a local haulage company will have both financial and GHG emissions impacts. This study investigates these impacts. By the fifty-third month, the investment starts to yield dividends, which accrue to over $34,000 over the useful life of each truck. Also, for each converted truck there is a reduction in GHG emissions of around 13.22 tons annually.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133836472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines Iran's power plants as potential targets of enemy groups. It identifies the most plausible targets and suggests preventive strategies to counter the threats. There are different models to assess the threat to potential targets. A commonly used model in various fields is the Carver matrix model, which, due to its comprehensiveness, has been used to assess power plants as targets of enemy action. The Carver model has six main factors, each of which is assigned a certain coefficient. To evaluate Iran's power plants as targets, information on their capacity, location, number, age, and fuel type is collected, as well as information on the various threatening groups based around Iran. Using the information on the power plants and the specified coefficients of the Carver matrix, the Iranian power plants have been evaluated as targets. The results of this study indicate that Iran's largest and most sensitive power plants are highly attractive targets for enemies.
{"title":"Investigating Threats to Power Plants Using a Carver Matrix and Providing Solutions: A Case Study of Iran","authors":"Rahimov M. Zahedi, Sina Golivari","doi":"10.18488/13.v11i1.2965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/13.v11i1.2965","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines Iran's power plants as potential targets of enemy groups. It identifies the most plausible targets and suggests preventive strategies to counter the threats. There are different models to assess the threat to potential targets. A commonly used model in various fields is the Carver matrix model, which, due to its comprehensiveness, has been used to assess power plants as targets of enemy action. The Carver model has six main factors, each of which is assigned a certain coefficient. To evaluate Iran's power plants as targets, information on their capacity, location, number, age, and fuel type is collected, as well as information on the various threatening groups based around Iran. Using the information on the power plants and the specified coefficients of the Carver matrix, the Iranian power plants have been evaluated as targets. The results of this study indicate that Iran's largest and most sensitive power plants are highly attractive targets for enemies.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130765999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahimov M. Zahedi, A. Ahmadi, Reza Eskandarpanah, M. Akbari
The rate of energy consumption is increasing worldwide due mainly to economic advancement and population growth. As a result, renewable energy sources have gained unprecedented popularity. Wind power has attracted much attention recently as it is economical and does not create environmental pollution. One vital factor that must be considered in the construction of a wind-driven power plant is the selection of a suitable location. Location choice is highly dependent upon the outcome of investigating a potential construction site. This research, along with investigating the effectiveness of parameters for determining a potential location, aims to explore the elements that play a major role in identifying and selecting an optimal wind farm site. The most suitable locations for the construction of wind farms in the city of Damghan were identified and selected through analyzing and integrating maps using GIS software. Within the whole Damghan city area, about 2,240 km2, which comprises 16% of the city’s area has been identified as suitable for establishing wind-driven power plants. By considering the relevant elements and keeping an appropriate distance between the plants to avoid power reduction, it is estimated that a total energy output of about 1,000 MW can be produced by wind-driven power plants in this city.
{"title":"Evaluation of Resources and Potential Measurement of Wind Energy to Determine the Spatial Priorities for the Construction of Wind-Driven Power Plants in Damghan City","authors":"Rahimov M. Zahedi, A. Ahmadi, Reza Eskandarpanah, M. Akbari","doi":"10.18488/13.v11i1.2928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/13.v11i1.2928","url":null,"abstract":"The rate of energy consumption is increasing worldwide due mainly to economic advancement and population growth. As a result, renewable energy sources have gained unprecedented popularity. Wind power has attracted much attention recently as it is economical and does not create environmental pollution. One vital factor that must be considered in the construction of a wind-driven power plant is the selection of a suitable location. Location choice is highly dependent upon the outcome of investigating a potential construction site. This research, along with investigating the effectiveness of parameters for determining a potential location, aims to explore the elements that play a major role in identifying and selecting an optimal wind farm site. The most suitable locations for the construction of wind farms in the city of Damghan were identified and selected through analyzing and integrating maps using GIS software. Within the whole Damghan city area, about 2,240 km2, which comprises 16% of the city’s area has been identified as suitable for establishing wind-driven power plants. By considering the relevant elements and keeping an appropriate distance between the plants to avoid power reduction, it is estimated that a total energy output of about 1,000 MW can be produced by wind-driven power plants in this city.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"89 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129077029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.101.113
Anjali Garg
The current situation of fast depleting non-renewable resources and excessive damage done to mother earth due to severe mechanization and industrialization has resulted in alarming rate of pollutions. The one-word answer for it is that we should start harnessing renewable resources of energy. Tapping sun’s energy is a wonderful and apt answer to the current situation of energy requirement. World over this technology is worked upon to make use of sun’s energy easy to be converted into usable energy form i.e. electricity. The research work being carried on in varied fields however to mention one such aspect of solar panels is irradiance -receiving and capturing powers. Along with the irradiance, the area of a panel which is exposed to sun, the daytime and location are some of the factors affecting the amount of power generated using solar power as generating source. From research point of view, to analyze the effect of variation of these parameters, it is difficult to get the analysis data using solar panels and hence now a day’s emulator is preferred and used for research purposes. This paper focuses on the basics of emulator, its structure, functioning, effect of various parameter variations on the analysis of the generated power and other related benefits using emulator. The paper also presents the effect of partial shading on the maximum power generated and the efficiency hence obtained. The performance analysis is done on an Experimental set up fabricated in Research lab.
{"title":"Solar Power Analysis Under Varying Environmental Condition Using Solar Emulator","authors":"Anjali Garg","doi":"10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.101.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.101.113","url":null,"abstract":"The current situation of fast depleting non-renewable resources and excessive damage done to mother earth due to severe mechanization and industrialization has resulted in alarming rate of pollutions. The one-word answer for it is that we should start harnessing renewable resources of energy. Tapping sun’s energy is a wonderful and apt answer to the current situation of energy requirement. World over this technology is worked upon to make use of sun’s energy easy to be converted into usable energy form i.e. electricity. The research work being carried on in varied fields however to mention one such aspect of solar panels is irradiance -receiving and capturing powers. Along with the irradiance, the area of a panel which is exposed to sun, the daytime and location are some of the factors affecting the amount of power generated using solar power as generating source. From research point of view, to analyze the effect of variation of these parameters, it is difficult to get the analysis data using solar panels and hence now a day’s emulator is preferred and used for research purposes. This paper focuses on the basics of emulator, its structure, functioning, effect of various parameter variations on the analysis of the generated power and other related benefits using emulator. The paper also presents the effect of partial shading on the maximum power generated and the efficiency hence obtained. The performance analysis is done on an Experimental set up fabricated in Research lab.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122906492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-13DOI: 10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.85.100
Behnoosh Khosravani Majd, S. M. Maddahi, Farzaneh Soflaei
The expansion of high-rise buildings and vertical cities has made room for a significant potential for large areas in the envelope (façade) of buildings to produce the required energy. This opens the opportunity to conduct research about the city of Mashhad-Iran. This study aims to provide an optimal model of the envelope of an office building and maximum utilization of sunlight in providing energy and indoor lighting in cold and dry climates. DesignBuilder software, version 6.1.0.006, to simulate the building and Energy plus 8.9 simulator engine was used to compare the amount of energy consumed, and electricity generated. We evaluated the data by the analytical-comparative method. The results showed that ,in one year, the energy produced by model number one (#1) (27.6%) and model number two (#2) (18.7%), among other simulated models with 15% efficiency (base efficiency rate) regarding all solar factors used in them, the amount of the electricity generated manifests a significant difference from the total electricity consumption of the building studied, assuming that the percentage of electricity supply with the actual efficiency of the proposed solar factors, are 17.99% and 17.88%, in model (#1) and model (#2). Once compared the given results of the models used for the photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic solar glasses, and the occupied area by them, a direct impact on the efficiency and energy generation of the building model envelope was seen. So, this study paves the road for further use of new technologies of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) for locations that have similar climate.
高层建筑和垂直城市的扩张为建筑围护结构(farade)的大面积区域提供了巨大的潜力，以产生所需的能源。这为开展关于伊朗马什哈德市的研究提供了机会。本研究旨在提供办公大楼围护结构的最佳模型，并在寒冷和干燥的气候条件下最大限度地利用阳光提供能源和室内照明。DesignBuilder软件，版本6.1.0.006，模拟建筑和Energy plus 8.9模拟器引擎被用来比较消耗的能量，和产生的电力。我们用分析比较法对数据进行了评价。结果表明，在一年内，模型1(#1)和模型2(#2)产生的能量(27.6%)和模型2(18.7%)，在其他效率为15%(基本效率)的模拟模型中，它们所使用的所有太阳能因素，其发电量与所研究建筑物的总用电量有显著差异，假设所提出的太阳能因素的实际效率的电力供应百分比，在模型(#1)和模型(#2)中分别为17.99%和17.88%。一旦将光伏板、光伏太阳能玻璃模型的给定结果与它们所占用的面积进行比较，就可以看到对建筑模型围护结构的效率和能源产生的直接影响。因此，这项研究为在气候相似的地区进一步使用建筑集成光伏(BIPV)新技术铺平了道路。
{"title":"Presenting an Energy-Efficient Model for the Envelope of High-Rise Office Buildings Case Study: Cold and Dry Climate","authors":"Behnoosh Khosravani Majd, S. M. Maddahi, Farzaneh Soflaei","doi":"10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.85.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.13.2021.102.85.100","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of high-rise buildings and vertical cities has made room for a significant potential for large areas in the envelope (façade) of buildings to produce the required energy. This opens the opportunity to conduct research about the city of Mashhad-Iran. This study aims to provide an optimal model of the envelope of an office building and maximum utilization of sunlight in providing energy and indoor lighting in cold and dry climates. DesignBuilder software, version 6.1.0.006, to simulate the building and Energy plus 8.9 simulator engine was used to compare the amount of energy consumed, and electricity generated. We evaluated the data by the analytical-comparative method. The results showed that ,in one year, the energy produced by model number one (#1) (27.6%) and model number two (#2) (18.7%), among other simulated models with 15% efficiency (base efficiency rate) regarding all solar factors used in them, the amount of the electricity generated manifests a significant difference from the total electricity consumption of the building studied, assuming that the percentage of electricity supply with the actual efficiency of the proposed solar factors, are 17.99% and 17.88%, in model (#1) and model (#2). Once compared the given results of the models used for the photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic solar glasses, and the occupied area by them, a direct impact on the efficiency and energy generation of the building model envelope was seen. So, this study paves the road for further use of new technologies of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) for locations that have similar climate.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128460587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-13DOI: 10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.62.69
V. Van, V. Nguyen
This study assessed the effects of different contents of two refined phosphogypsums (PG1, PG2) on standard consistency, setting times, compressive strength and sulfate resistance of cement. PG2 possesses higher water-soluble impurities such as P2O5, F content than PG1. The results were compared to those of cement containing natural gypsum (NG). The results showed that water demand of cement reduces when the content of the gypsums increases, especially with PG1 and NG. The phosphogypsums prolong the setting times of cement. The higher the gypsum content is, the more the 3-d compressive strength of cement can obtains. The low impurity phosphogypsum (PG1) accelerates the 3-d strength but lowers the 91-d strength of cement compared to the high impurity phosphogypsum (PG2). The strength of cement containing NG is always between those of the phosphogypsums at the ages of 3 and 91 days. There is a suitable content of gypsum to produce the highest strength of the cement at the ages of 28 and 91 days. Deterioration of the cement in sodium sulfate solution (50g/l) is more severely when increasing gypsum content. The sulfate resistance of cement containing PG1 is lower than that of cement containing PG2 or NG.
{"title":"Using Refined Phosphogypsum to Replace Natural Gypsum in Portland Cement Production in Vietnam","authors":"V. Van, V. Nguyen","doi":"10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.62.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.62.69","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the effects of different contents of two refined phosphogypsums (PG1, PG2) on standard consistency, setting times, compressive strength and sulfate resistance of cement. PG2 possesses higher water-soluble impurities such as P2O5, F content than PG1. The results were compared to those of cement containing natural gypsum (NG). The results showed that water demand of cement reduces when the content of the gypsums increases, especially with PG1 and NG. The phosphogypsums prolong the setting times of cement. The higher the gypsum content is, the more the 3-d compressive strength of cement can obtains. The low impurity phosphogypsum (PG1) accelerates the 3-d strength but lowers the 91-d strength of cement compared to the high impurity phosphogypsum (PG2). The strength of cement containing NG is always between those of the phosphogypsums at the ages of 3 and 91 days. There is a suitable content of gypsum to produce the highest strength of the cement at the ages of 28 and 91 days. Deterioration of the cement in sodium sulfate solution (50g/l) is more severely when increasing gypsum content. The sulfate resistance of cement containing PG1 is lower than that of cement containing PG2 or NG.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130424055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-11DOI: 10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.48.61
M. Osman, M. Farahat, M. E. Lotfy
Different configurations for a hybrid energy system are presented. This study aims to produce 100 m3/day of freshwater for 120,000 people at Nakhl city, North Sinai, Egypt. This simulation selects the optimal design of the hybrid energy system according to the net present cost (NPC), the cost of energy (COE), the gases emissions (carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide) and the excess system electricity. The hybrid system consists of photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, storage batteries, and a diesel generator. The operation of five different systems is studied to supply the load at an average rate of 557.22 kWh/day with 35.67 kW peak load. In order to minimize the system total cycle cost, both of the photovoltaic modules sizing, the wind turbine production, the number of battery strings and the diesel generator fuel consumption are studied. Homer Pro software is used to select the optimal system configuration. The results illustrate that the hybrid PV/diesel/RO desalination plant system with storage batteries is sustainable and socially accepted system. It consists of 83.5 kW PV panels, a 36.4 kW converter, seven strings of lead-acid batteries and a 50 kW fixed capacity generator. Also, the system achieves the lowest cost of energy and net present cost.
{"title":"Optimal Design of Hybrid Energy System Drives Small-Scale Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant","authors":"M. Osman, M. Farahat, M. E. Lotfy","doi":"10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.48.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.48.61","url":null,"abstract":"Different configurations for a hybrid energy system are presented. This study aims to produce 100 m3/day of freshwater for 120,000 people at Nakhl city, North Sinai, Egypt. This simulation selects the optimal design of the hybrid energy system according to the net present cost (NPC), the cost of energy (COE), the gases emissions (carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide) and the excess system electricity. The hybrid system consists of photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, storage batteries, and a diesel generator. The operation of five different systems is studied to supply the load at an average rate of 557.22 kWh/day with 35.67 kW peak load. In order to minimize the system total cycle cost, both of the photovoltaic modules sizing, the wind turbine production, the number of battery strings and the diesel generator fuel consumption are studied. Homer Pro software is used to select the optimal system configuration. The results illustrate that the hybrid PV/diesel/RO desalination plant system with storage batteries is sustainable and socially accepted system. It consists of 83.5 kW PV panels, a 36.4 kW converter, seven strings of lead-acid batteries and a 50 kW fixed capacity generator. Also, the system achieves the lowest cost of energy and net present cost.","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126592464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-27DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.13.2019.81.36.47
V. Thang, Thanh-tung Ha
In the context of multiple energy loads, the energy hub is introduced as a unit where multiple energy carriers can be converted, conditioned, and stored to enhance the energy efficiency of the system. Therefore, this study presents an optimal planning framework, which aims the selection the invested size and time of equipment based on minimizing the life cycle cost considering renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage systems (BESS). The input energies considered include the electrical energy, natural gas, solar radiation and wind that are converted to supply for output energies consisting of electricity, cooling, and heating. The planning framework with the objective function which is minimizing the life cycle cost of the project consists of the investing and operating cost of equipment, cost for purchasing energy from market (electricity, natural gas), the emission taxes cost and the replacement cost or residual value of equipment at the end of the planning period. The constraints as balance energy types, the size limit of equipment integrated into model together with binary variables make a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) planning problem. The feasibility of the proposed model and the effectiveness of renewable energy sources and BESS in optimal planning of energy hubs are tested by an assumed energy hub with the high-level algebraic modeling software, general algebraic modeling system (GAMS).
{"title":"Optimal Planning of Energy Hubs Considering Renewable Energy Sources and Battery Energy Storage System","authors":"V. Thang, Thanh-tung Ha","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.13.2019.81.36.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.13.2019.81.36.47","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of multiple energy loads, the energy hub is introduced as a unit where multiple energy carriers can be converted, conditioned, and stored to enhance the energy efficiency of the system. Therefore, this study presents an optimal planning framework, which aims the selection the invested size and time of equipment based on minimizing the life cycle cost considering renewable energy sources (RES) and battery energy storage systems (BESS). The input energies considered include the electrical energy, natural gas, solar radiation and wind that are converted to supply for output energies consisting of electricity, cooling, and heating. The planning framework with the objective function which is minimizing the life cycle cost of the project consists of the investing and operating cost of equipment, cost for purchasing energy from market (electricity, natural gas), the emission taxes cost and the replacement cost or residual value of equipment at the end of the planning period. The constraints as balance energy types, the size limit of equipment integrated into model together with binary variables make a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) planning problem. The feasibility of the proposed model and the effectiveness of renewable energy sources and BESS in optimal planning of energy hubs are tested by an assumed energy hub with the high-level algebraic modeling software, general algebraic modeling system (GAMS).","PeriodicalId":145301,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130478758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-27DOI: 10.18488/journal.13.2019.81.29.35
S. Ozuomba, Iniobong Edifon Abasi-Obot, I. Markson
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