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Infant Death due to Smothering 婴儿窒息死亡
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)116
Asan Petrus
Background: Infanticide has varying terminology and definitions in different jurisdictions. It is usually defined as the murder of a child in the first 24 hours of life, whereas in the US it is defined as the murder of a person one week or less. In the UK, the adultery of a baby, who is not yet one year old by his own mother is referred to as infanticide and is given a lighter sentence due to considerations of mental status. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the basis for consideration used is the motive for fear of being caught giving birth to a child and the murder is carried out immediately during childbirth. As for determining that murder is the murder of one’s own child or ordinary murder, a forensic examination is required. Case: A case was reported with the victim of a baby boy in a cardboard box on the road around the housing complex and an examination of the body was carried out in the autopsy room of the Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal Medical Installation of Bhayangkara General Hospital, TK II Medan City according to the Visum Request Letter. Results: it was found that the baby was born alive, viabel, did not get treatment with the estimated age of the baby in the womb was 9-10 months (mature). The cause of death is due to exposure that causes suffocation due to the obstruction of air entering the respiratory tract. Discussion: On examination, the baby was estimated to be aged 9-10 months in the womb (viable). There is no sign of treatment. Bruises were found on the upper and lower lips of the outer and inner parts which indicated the presence of closure of the baby’s mouth by the perpetrator. There are also signs of asphyxia. On internal examination, a positive pulmonary buoyancy test was found and the results of pulmonary histopathology showed that the baby was viable and quite a month. Conclusion: The baby is a victim of murder, so the perpetrator must be held accountable for his actions and can be prosecuted under articles 341, 342 of the Criminal Code if the perpetrator is a biological mother and article 343 of the Criminal Code if there are people who help / do.
背景:杀婴在不同的司法管辖区有不同的术语和定义。它通常被定义为在生命最初的24小时内谋杀一个孩子,而在美国,它被定义为一周或更短时间内谋杀一个人。在英国,母亲与未满一岁的婴儿通奸被视为杀婴罪,出于精神状况的考虑,会被从轻处罚。与此同时,在印度尼西亚,所使用的考虑依据是害怕被抓到生孩子的动机,谋杀是在分娩期间立即进行的。至于确定谋杀是谋杀自己的孩子还是普通谋杀,需要进行法医检查。案例:据报告,在住宅区周围的道路上,一名男婴被装在纸板箱中,尸体在棉兰市巴扬卡拉综合医院法医和法医学机构的尸检室进行了检查,根据Visum请求函。结果:发现患儿出生时活产,胎死腹中,未得到治疗,胎龄估计为9-10个月(成熟)。死亡的原因是由于暴露导致窒息,因为空气进入呼吸道受阻。讨论:经检查,婴儿估计在子宫内9-10个月(可存活)。没有治疗的迹象。在婴儿的上下唇和外下唇以及内下唇都发现了淤青这表明凶手曾将婴儿的嘴封住。也有窒息的迹象。在内部检查中,发现肺浮力试验阳性,肺组织病理学结果显示婴儿可以存活并存活了一个月。结论:婴儿是谋杀的受害者,因此犯罪者必须对其行为负责,如果犯罪者是生母,则可根据《刑法》第341和342条起诉;如果有人提供帮助,则可根据《刑法》第343条起诉。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Homoeopathic Medications in Comparison with Hormone Replacement Therapy in Hypothyroid Patients and Assessing their Comorbidity and Risk Factors 顺势疗法药物与激素替代治疗在甲状腺功能减退患者中的疗效比较及其合并症和危险因素的评估
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)110
Abina Augustine, M. Kumar
Introduction: Insufficient synthesis and release of thyroid hormone give rise to hypothyroidism. At present, thyroid disease forms the second most common endocrine disorder in India next to Diabetes mellitus. The women are affected more than men .10% prevalence in adult women and 3% in adult men. Symptoms include fatigue, lethargy, aches and pains, increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, excessive tendency to sleep and angina pain .Thyroid hormone replacement must be taken for the rest of their life in case of hypothyroidism patients, if they are following allopathic system of medicine and the side effects which these medicines produced are much harmful than hypothyroidism. If homoeopathic similimum could stimulate the body to produce its hormones in a balanced level, then the need for lifelong hormonal replacement in hypothyroidism becomes unnecessary. Methodology: A comparative cross sectional study has been conducted using questionnaire on 60 hypothyroid patients, in such a way that female patients who has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism between the ages of 35 to 55 were selected. They were divided as 30 homoeopathic users and 30 non-homoeopathic users. Field study was conducted and allopathic users were obtained through NSS camp surveys and homoeopathic users through patients attending SKHMC OPDs .The questionnaires were filled by the patient. Details regarding TFT values height, weight, were recorded. The comorbidities suffered by each patient were recorded and analysis was made. Regarding symptomatic change before and after medication and also risk factors were added in the questionnaire. Analysis was done using chi square test to compare the treatment groups. Result: From the study conducted, it has been observed that the disease is prevalent in patients between 35 and 39 years. Majority of the patients had conditions like increased BMI(>25). Regarding symptomatic relief in patients before and after medication in both groups, homoeopathic users got better symptomatic relief when compared with non-users. Many of the symptoms has persist even after using conventional treatment when statistically analysed with a p value <0.01.
简介:甲状腺激素合成和释放不足引起甲状腺功能减退。目前,甲状腺疾病是印度仅次于糖尿病的第二大常见内分泌疾病。女性的发病率高于男性。成年女性患病率为10%,成年男性患病率为3%。症状包括疲劳、嗜睡、疼痛、对寒冷的敏感性增加、便秘、过度嗜睡和心绞痛。甲状腺功能减退症患者如果遵循对抗性药物系统,则必须终生服用甲状腺激素替代药物,这些药物产生的副作用比甲状腺功能减退症更有害。如果顺势疗法的类似物能够刺激身体产生平衡水平的激素,那么甲状腺功能减退症患者就不需要终生更换激素了。方法:采用问卷调查法对60例甲状腺功能减退患者进行比较横断面研究,选取年龄在35 ~ 55岁之间已确诊为甲状腺功能减退的女性患者。他们被分为30名顺势疗法使用者和30名非顺势疗法使用者。采用实地调查方法,通过NSS营地调查获得对抗疗法使用者,顺势疗法使用者通过在SKHMC门诊就诊的患者获得顺势疗法使用者,问卷由患者填写。详细记录TFT值,身高,体重。记录每位患者的合并症并进行分析。对服药前后的症状变化及危险因素进行问卷调查。采用卡方检验对治疗组进行比较分析。结果:根据所进行的研究,观察到该病常见于35至39岁的患者。大多数患者有BMI升高(>25)等情况。在两组患者用药前后的症状缓解方面,顺势疗法服用者的症状缓解优于非服用者。在p值<0.01的统计分析中,许多症状在使用常规治疗后仍然存在。
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引用次数: 0
Two Rare Cases of Tumor Calcinosis 肿瘤钙质沉着症2例
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)112
Shanthisree Edara, Sherin Philip, Sushma Rani Raju, V. Reddy, A. Tandon, Harinarayan C V
Tumour calcinosis is a rare disorder of phosphate metabolism. Familial tumour calcinosis is caused due to gene mutations affecting the activity of FGF23, a phosphoturic hormone. The presentation is hyperphosphatemia and calcified deposits in the periarticular regions. Surgery though being the mainstay of treatment, recurrence is often common without additional treatment. Phosphate restricted diet and phosphate binder before and after surgery would be beneficial. We present two cases of tumour calcinosis with hyperphosphatemia and calcified deposits, evaluated and followed up. We discuss various treatment options available for this rare condition
肿瘤钙质沉着症是一种罕见的磷酸盐代谢疾病。家族性肿瘤钙质沉着症是由于影响FGF23活性的基因突变引起的,FGF23是一种磷酸化激素。表现为高磷血症和关节周围钙化沉积。手术虽然是主要的治疗方法,但如果没有额外的治疗,复发往往很常见。术前和术后限制磷酸盐饮食和磷酸盐结合剂均有益。我们报告两例肿瘤钙质沉着症合并高磷血症和钙化沉积,并进行评估和随访。我们将讨论针对这种罕见疾病的各种治疗方案
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引用次数: 0
Chronic Kidney Disease: Risk Factors and Prevention 慢性肾脏疾病:危险因素及预防
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)111
S. Youngwanichsetha
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引用次数: 0
Cardio-Pulmonary-Renal Interaction (CPRI) - A Syndrome of Death 心肺肾相互作用(CPRI) -一种死亡综合征
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)113
K. S. Kishanrao
Two deaths due to renal failure in the last 2 month led me to a review the current, state-of-the-art understanding of cardio-pulmonary-renal interactions and their related pathophysiology, perpetuating nature, and cycles of increased susceptibility and reciprocal progression. It indicates that Organ injury is the consequence of maladaptive neurohormonal activation, oxidative stress, abnormal immune cell signalling, and a host of other mechanisms that precipitate adverse functional and structural changes. This syndrome has many complex physiologic, biochemical, and hormonal abnormalities and its pathophysiology is not fully understood. The possible mechanisms include reduced kidney perfusion due to decreased forward flow, increased right ventricular and venous pressure, and neurohormonal adaptations. Assessment of biomarkers are valuable clinical strategies to screen and detect disease, assist in diagnosis, assess prognosis, and predict recovery or progression to chronic disease or even death. Reduced kidney function is associated with increased mortality in such patients. Treatment options include inotropic medications; diuretics; ultrafiltration; and medications, such as β-blockers, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system, and more novel treatments. Recent observational studies suggest that treatments that result in a decrease in venous pressure and lead to haemoconcentration may be associated with improved outcomes. I report here a male and female case who succumbed to Cardiac failure following renal failure in the last 2 months
在过去的2个月里,两例因肾衰竭而死亡的病例使我回顾了目前对心肺肾相互作用及其相关病理生理学、永续性、易感性增加和相互进展的周期的最新认识。这表明器官损伤是神经激素激活不良、氧化应激、免疫细胞信号异常以及一系列其他机制导致的不良功能和结构变化的结果。该综合征具有许多复杂的生理、生化和激素异常,其病理生理尚不完全清楚。可能的机制包括由于前流减少导致的肾脏灌注减少,右心室和静脉压力增加,以及神经激素适应。生物标志物的评估是筛查和检测疾病、辅助诊断、评估预后、预测慢性疾病恢复或进展甚至死亡的有价值的临床策略。这类患者肾功能降低与死亡率增加有关。治疗方案包括肌力药物;利尿剂;超滤;还有药物,比如β受体阻滞剂、肾素-血管紧张醛固酮系统抑制剂,以及更多的新疗法。最近的观察性研究表明,导致静脉压降低和血液浓度升高的治疗可能与改善预后有关。我在这里报告一个男性和女性的病例谁死于心力衰竭后肾功能衰竭在过去的两个月
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引用次数: 0
Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Polycystic Kidney Disease in a Moroccan Child: A Rare Case 摩洛哥儿童烟雾综合征合并多囊肾病:一例罕见病例
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)109
R. Qadiry, H. Nassih, A. Bourrahouat, I. Aitsab
Moyamoya disease is a chronic and occlusive cerebro-vascular disease characterized by bilateral steno-occlusive changes in the internal carotid artery and its proximal branches and an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. Polycystic Kidney disease (PKD) is known as one of the underlying diseases of moyamoya syndrome which was rarely reported. Only 3 cases of moyamoya syndrome associated with PKD have been reported in the literature. We report here another case of moyamoya syndrome associated with PKD in a Moroccan child. Case Report: 7-year-old girl, was born of a consanguineous marriage, operated at the age of 7 months for bilateral inguinal hernias with a history of polycystic kidney and liver disease, discovered at D15 of life, complicated by arterial hypertension well-balanced under dual therapy, chronic renal insufficiency under conservative treatment and portal hypertension with hypersplenism and esophageal varices grade II. Admitted for a partial afebrile seizure (left hemibody), tonic-clonic associated with intensive headache. Angio-MRI showed features of Moya-Moya syndrome with amputation of the left sylvian artery, and slender aspect of some portions of the right sylvian artery. Treatment was symptomatic with benign evolution without surgery. Conclusion: This is the first report of a Moroccan person with PKD associated with moyamoya syndrome
烟雾病是一种慢性闭塞性脑血管疾病,其特征是双侧颈内动脉及其近端分支的狭窄闭塞性改变和颅底血管网络异常。多囊肾病(PKD)被认为是烟雾综合征的基础疾病之一,但很少报道。文献中仅报道了3例与PKD相关的烟雾综合征。我们在这里报告另一个病例烟雾综合征与PKD相关的摩洛哥儿童。病例报告:7岁女童,系同婚生,因双侧腹沟疝,7月龄手术,有多囊肾、肝病史,15岁时发现,合并双重治疗均衡动脉高血压,保守治疗慢性肾功能不全,门脉高压合并脾功能亢进、食管静脉曲张II级。因局部发热性癫痫发作(左半身),强直阵挛伴剧烈头痛入院。血管磁共振成像显示Moya-Moya综合征的特征,左侧动脉截肢,右侧动脉部分变细。治疗是有症状的良性进展,没有手术。结论:这是首次报道摩洛哥人与烟雾综合征相关的PKD
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引用次数: 0
Pituitary Apoplexy after Myocardial Revascularization Surgery in Patient with Unknown Macroadenoma: A Case Report 未知大腺瘤患者心肌血运重建术后垂体卒中1例报告
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.47363/jone/2022(2)107
Sebastian Weitz Muñoz
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients at Ambo Town Public Hospitals of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚地区西谢瓦区安博镇公立医院糖尿病和高血压患者慢性肾病患病率及相关因素
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1189532/v1
H. E. Hailu, Belachew Dinku, J. Wondimu, Bilisuma Girma
Background: Chronic kidney disease is a global public health important disease that is associated with life threatening outcomes including renal failure and premature mortality unless diagnosed and treated promptly. Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension are the two major causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. This study is aimed to determine prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney disease among diabetes mellitus and hypertensive patients at Ambo town public hospitals, EthiopiaMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ambo University referral and general hospitals on 308 study participants. The participants were interviewed using interviewer administered questionnaire when they come for follow up at a chronic illness follow-up clinic. The patient charts were reviewed to retrieve information regarding medications, blood pressure, serum Creatinine and glucose level. A chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation was used to estimate Glomerular filtration rate from serum Creatinine. Data were analyzed SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with chronic kidney disease. Variables with a p-value below 0.2 at bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between dependent and independent variable and p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: A total of 308 diabetes mellitus and hypertensive patients were included in the study from Ambo town public hospitals. Of which 156 (50.6%) participants were female with mean (± SD) age of 47.15 ± 12.06 years. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (stage 3–5) was 20.5% with (95% CI: 16%-25%). Long duration of hypertension (AOR=4.89, 95% CI=1.93-12.40), elevated systolic blood pressure (>140mmHG) (AOR=3.20, 95% CI=1.36-7.51), family history (AOR=3.36, 95% CI=1.56-7.24) and age greater than 55 years (AOR=2.17, 95% CI=1.09-4.31) were predictors of chronic kidney disease.Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was high. Older age, elevated SBP, long duration of hypertension and family history of kidney disease were independent predictors of chronic kidney disease. A preventive plan is mandatory to reduce the disease and complications in the community.
背景:慢性肾脏疾病是一种全球公共卫生重要疾病,除非及时诊断和治疗,否则会导致危及生命的后果,包括肾衰竭和过早死亡。糖尿病和高血压是世界范围内慢性肾脏疾病的两大主要病因。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚安博镇公立医院糖尿病和高血压患者中慢性肾脏疾病的患病率及其相关因素。方法:在安博大学转诊医院和综合医院对308名研究参与者进行横断面研究。研究对象在慢性病随访门诊接受随访时采用问卷调查法进行访谈。研究人员回顾了患者的病历,以获取有关药物、血压、血清肌酐和血糖水平的信息。慢性肾脏疾病流行病学协作方程被用来估计肾小球滤过率从血清肌酐。数据采用SPSS 23版进行统计分析。采用二元logistic回归分析确定与慢性肾脏疾病相关的因素。双变量分析p值低于0.2的变量被输入到多变量逻辑回归模型中。采用多变量logistic回归分析检验因变量与自变量的相关性,以p值< 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:在安博镇公立医院共纳入308例糖尿病和高血压患者。其中女性156例(50.6%),平均(±SD)年龄为47.15±12.06岁。慢性肾脏疾病(3-5期)的患病率为20.5% (95% CI: 16%-25%)。长期高血压(AOR=4.89, 95% CI=1.93-12.40)、收缩压升高(>140mmHG) (AOR=3.20, 95% CI=1.36-7.51)、家族史(AOR=3.36, 95% CI=1.56-7.24)和年龄大于55岁(AOR=2.17, 95% CI=1.09-4.31)是慢性肾脏疾病的预测因素。结论:慢性肾脏病患病率高。年龄较大、收缩压升高、高血压持续时间长和肾脏疾病家族史是慢性肾脏疾病的独立预测因素。预防计划是强制性的,以减少社区中的疾病和并发症。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Nephrology &amp; Endocrinology Research
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