Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122935
H. Mohammadi, S. Saghaian, Milad Aminizadeh, H. Aghasafari
Food safety standards are one of the major non-tariff barriers of global trade. We investigate their effects on fish international trade patterns, especially for the developing countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of mercury standards on Iran’s fish exports. We utilize the gravity model analysis based on balanced panel data model, covering eight importing countries over the 2006-2015 period. The estimated coefficient of mercury standard supports the hypothesis that fish safety standards are one of the important factors affecting fish exports. Moreover, regulation similarity between countries could increase fish trade. Other explanatory variables of geographical distance between countries, trade agreement between countries and real exchange rates also have a significant effect on fishery product exports. The results indicate that Iran’s fish exports are negatively correlated with mercury standards of importers. As a result, adapting fisheries product standards and producing with the methods to deal with mercury standard imposed by importing countries is crucial for increasing Iran’s fish exports.
{"title":"Food Safety Standards and its effects on Iran's Fish Exports","authors":"H. Mohammadi, S. Saghaian, Milad Aminizadeh, H. Aghasafari","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122935","url":null,"abstract":"Food safety standards are one of the major non-tariff barriers of global trade. We investigate their effects on fish international trade patterns, especially for the developing countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of mercury standards on Iran’s fish exports. We utilize the gravity model analysis based on balanced panel data model, covering eight importing countries over the 2006-2015 period. The estimated coefficient of mercury standard supports the hypothesis that fish safety standards are one of the important factors affecting fish exports. Moreover, regulation similarity between countries could increase fish trade. Other explanatory variables of geographical distance between countries, trade agreement between countries and real exchange rates also have a significant effect on fishery product exports. The results indicate that Iran’s fish exports are negatively correlated with mercury standards of importers. As a result, adapting fisheries product standards and producing with the methods to deal with mercury standard imposed by importing countries is crucial for increasing Iran’s fish exports.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3075-3085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44889806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122963
S. Nazari, M. Pourkazemi, M. Khoshkholgh
The genetic variation and population structure of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus (Borodin, 1897) was investigated by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the nucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We compared these data with our previous study based on mtDNA control region sequences. A total of 225 individuals were collected from 23 sample sites in the south and 4 locations in Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Russian Federation and Kazakhstan covering the three main geographic regions including south, middle and north part of the Caspian Sea. The PCR products were digested with 25 restriction enzymes and five enzymes revealed polymorphism patterns (Rsa І, Hinf І, HaeIII, Mbo І and Cfr13І). Thirty two composite haplotypes were revealed with the number of haplotypes in each population sample ranging from 6 to 13. Two regional (Sefidroud River and Russia) groups were clearly identified by cluster and molecular variance model (AMOVA) analyses. Each of these groups showed dominant haplotypes that were little in populations from the other geographic areas. The mean haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.7610±0.046 and 0.008332±0.00421, respectively. Based on heterogeneity test and Monte-Carlo with 1000 replicates, significant differences were showed for haplotype frequencies of the Persian sturgeon populations (p <0.0001). The obtained results and also FST based on kimura- 2 parameters method showed that haplotype distribution in different location were significant (p <0.0001). Results of this study determined independent populations of Persian sturgeon and will have noticeable implications for sturgeon conservation genetics in general.
{"title":"Analysis of the genetic structure of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) populations: Comparison of control region sequencing and PCR-RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA","authors":"S. Nazari, M. Pourkazemi, M. Khoshkholgh","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122963","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic variation and population structure of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus (Borodin, 1897) was investigated by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the nucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We compared these data with our previous study based on mtDNA control region sequences. A total of 225 individuals were collected from 23 sample sites in the south and 4 locations in Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Russian Federation and Kazakhstan covering the three main geographic regions including south, middle and north part of the Caspian Sea. The PCR products were digested with 25 restriction enzymes and five enzymes revealed polymorphism patterns (Rsa І, Hinf І, HaeIII, Mbo І and Cfr13І). Thirty two composite haplotypes were revealed with the number of haplotypes in each population sample ranging from 6 to 13. Two regional (Sefidroud River and Russia) groups were clearly identified by cluster and molecular variance model (AMOVA) analyses. Each of these groups showed dominant haplotypes that were little in populations from the other geographic areas. The mean haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.7610±0.046 and 0.008332±0.00421, respectively. Based on heterogeneity test and Monte-Carlo with 1000 replicates, significant differences were showed for haplotype frequencies of the Persian sturgeon populations (p <0.0001). The obtained results and also FST based on kimura- 2 parameters method showed that haplotype distribution in different location were significant (p <0.0001). Results of this study determined independent populations of Persian sturgeon and will have noticeable implications for sturgeon conservation genetics in general.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3201-3220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41729836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122970
M. Adel, Maryam Dadar, M. Zorriehzahra, R. Elahi, T. Stadtlander
This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of essential oil of some Iranian medicinal plants and their antifungal activity against Saprolegnia parasitica in comparison to formalin as positive control under in vitro conditions. The essential oils of Eryngium campestre, Pimpinella affinis, Mentha piperita, Achillea wilhelmsii and Cuminum cyminum were analyzed for their activity by disk diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) methods. Also, the oil constituents of investigated plants were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major constituent of the surveyed essential oils was bornyl acetate (17.9%) in E. campestre, Pregeijene (27.3%)in P. affinis, menthol (48.5%) in M. piperita, 1,8-cineol (25.2%) in A. wilhelmsii, and α-Pinene (29.1%)in C. cyminum. The MIC values for the surveyed essential oil were was 0.5 µg ml-1 for C. cyminum followed by M piperita and E. campestre both having 1 µg ml-1, for P. affinis 2 µg ml-1 and was 4 µg/mL for A. wilhelmsii. The MFC for the mentioned essential oil were with 0.5 µg ml-1 again lowest for C. cyminum, followed by M. piperita and E. campestre with 2 µg ml-1, for P. affinis MFC was 4 µg ml-1 while it was with 8 µg ml-1 highest for essential oils from A. wilhelmsii. The results indicate that the essential oils of C. cyminun, E. campestre and M. piperita could be potential candidates for new plant based antifungal components in aquaculture against S. parasitica.
本研究旨在鉴定伊朗部分药用植物挥发油的化学成分，并在体外条件下与阳性对照福尔马林进行比较，确定其对寄生病霉的抑菌活性。采用纸片扩散、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀真菌浓度(MFC)法分析了山雀叶、附体小蠊、薄荷、水蛭叶和小茴香挥发油的活性。并采用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析了所研究植物的油脂成分。所调查精油的主要成分为樟属植物中乙酸龙脑酯(17.9%)、仿木犀草中Pregeijene(27.3%)、花椒属植物中薄荷醇(48.5%)、金莲属植物中1,8-桉叶油醇(25.2%)和香椿属植物中α-蒎烯(29.1%)。所调查精油的MIC值分别为:cyminum为0.5 μ g mL -1，其次是M . piperita和E. campestree，均为1 μ g mL -1, P. affinis为2 μ g mL -1, A. wilhelmsii为4 μ g/mL。香椿精油的MFC最低，为0.5 μ g ml-1，其次是辣椒和野樟精油，为2 μ g ml-1，亲和草精油的MFC为4 μ g ml-1，而野樟精油的MFC最高，为8 μ g ml-1。结果表明，cyminun、E. campestre和M. piperita挥发油可能是水产养殖中抗寄生蜂的新植物性抗真菌成分。
{"title":"Ntifungal activity and chemical composition of Iranian medicinal herbs against fish pathogenic fungus, Saprolegnia parasitica","authors":"M. Adel, Maryam Dadar, M. Zorriehzahra, R. Elahi, T. Stadtlander","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122970","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of essential oil of some Iranian medicinal plants and their antifungal activity against Saprolegnia parasitica in comparison to formalin as positive control under in vitro conditions. The essential oils of Eryngium campestre, Pimpinella affinis, Mentha piperita, Achillea wilhelmsii and Cuminum cyminum were analyzed for their activity by disk diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) methods. Also, the oil constituents of investigated plants were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major constituent of the surveyed essential oils was bornyl acetate (17.9%) in E. campestre, Pregeijene (27.3%)in P. affinis, menthol (48.5%) in M. piperita, 1,8-cineol (25.2%) in A. wilhelmsii, and α-Pinene (29.1%)in C. cyminum. The MIC values for the surveyed essential oil were was 0.5 µg ml-1 for C. cyminum followed by M piperita and E. campestre both having 1 µg ml-1, for P. affinis 2 µg ml-1 and was 4 µg/mL for A. wilhelmsii. The MFC for the mentioned essential oil were with 0.5 µg ml-1 again lowest for C. cyminum, followed by M. piperita and E. campestre with 2 µg ml-1, for P. affinis MFC was 4 µg ml-1 while it was with 8 µg ml-1 highest for essential oils from A. wilhelmsii. The results indicate that the essential oils of C. cyminun, E. campestre and M. piperita could be potential candidates for new plant based antifungal components in aquaculture against S. parasitica.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3239-3254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43303697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122590
H. Khatun, G. Mostakim, S. Islam
A climate driven changes in the coastal region of Bangladesh is saltwater intrusion in freshwater, which may directly affect the fishery production as well as economy and food security. Investigation on effect of different concentration of salinities (0, 5, 10, and 15ppt) on hemato-biochemical parameters, behavioral responses and gill morphology at certain time intervals (1, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h) were observed in a spotted snakehead, Channa punctata. In the present study the biochemical parameter and glucose exposed a significant (p <0.05) changes associated with different exposures at different time intervals. The hematological data of C. punctata revealed significant (p <0.05) decrease in red blood cell (RBC) count. The hemoglobin level in every treatment was lower till 24 h and then it increased up to 48 h but white blood cell (WBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed significant (p <0.05) increase compared to the control. Increase and decrease of hematological indices expressed that fish exposure to different salinities were under stress. Unusual behavioral responses with various pathological signs in gills were also perceived. The results specified that the intrusion of saline water into the freshwater have deleterious effects on the hemato-biochemical parameters including gill morphology and behavior. So, the intrusion of saline water should be controlled to avert the losses.
{"title":"Acute responses of spotted snakehead (Channa punctata) to salinity stress: A study of a freshwater fish to salinity challenges during intrusion of saline water","authors":"H. Khatun, G. Mostakim, S. Islam","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122590","url":null,"abstract":"A climate driven changes in the coastal region of Bangladesh is saltwater intrusion in freshwater, which may directly affect the fishery production as well as economy and food security. Investigation on effect of different concentration of salinities (0, 5, 10, and 15ppt) on hemato-biochemical parameters, behavioral responses and gill morphology at certain time intervals (1, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h) were observed in a spotted snakehead, Channa punctata. In the present study the biochemical parameter and glucose exposed a significant (p <0.05) changes associated with different exposures at different time intervals. The hematological data of C. punctata revealed significant (p <0.05) decrease in red blood cell (RBC) count. The hemoglobin level in every treatment was lower till 24 h and then it increased up to 48 h but white blood cell (WBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed significant (p <0.05) increase compared to the control. Increase and decrease of hematological indices expressed that fish exposure to different salinities were under stress. Unusual behavioral responses with various pathological signs in gills were also perceived. The results specified that the intrusion of saline water into the freshwater have deleterious effects on the hemato-biochemical parameters including gill morphology and behavior. So, the intrusion of saline water should be controlled to avert the losses.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2673-2687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44434012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.119759.0
L. Moradi, A. Sharifan, K. Larijani
This study was carried out to evaluate the lipid oxidation and quality of rainbow fish coated by multilayer aqueous solution of chitosan–pectin and extracted Mentha piperita or Lemon essential oil in different percentages (0.5 and 1%). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method. Protein, fat, moisture and ash content of rainbow fish samples were determined. The control and the coated fish samples were analyzed during 16-days periodically for lipid oxidation expressed by peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid, meat deterioration by total volatile base nitrogen, free fatty acids and sensory characteristics. The results have shown that Mentha piperita 1% was the most appropriate coverage (p <0.05) with 0.5% extracted essential oil. In all samples, Mentha piperita essential oil results were better than those of Lemon. The sensorial data results have shown that the comfortable time of storage control and covered samples was approximately less than 8 and 16-days, respectively.
{"title":"The effect of multilayered chitosan–pectin–Mentha piperita and Lemon essential oil on oxidation effects and quality of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during refrigerator at 4±1˚C storage","authors":"L. Moradi, A. Sharifan, K. Larijani","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.119759.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.119759.0","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the lipid oxidation and quality of rainbow fish coated by multilayer aqueous solution of chitosan–pectin and extracted Mentha piperita or Lemon essential oil in different percentages (0.5 and 1%). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method. Protein, fat, moisture and ash content of rainbow fish samples were determined. The control and the coated fish samples were analyzed during 16-days periodically for lipid oxidation expressed by peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid, meat deterioration by total volatile base nitrogen, free fatty acids and sensory characteristics. The results have shown that Mentha piperita 1% was the most appropriate coverage (p <0.05) with 0.5% extracted essential oil. In all samples, Mentha piperita essential oil results were better than those of Lemon. The sensorial data results have shown that the comfortable time of storage control and covered samples was approximately less than 8 and 16-days, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2544-2559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122452
Saideh Fakharzadeh, M. Haghighi, M. Rohani, I. Sharifpour, M. Hamidi
This study was performed in order to determine the antibacterial activity of oregano, Origanum vulgare extract (OVE) and its nano extract (NOVE) on Streptococcus iniae in rainbow trout in vitro and in vivo. Extractionwas done under standard percolation method. Then OVE and NOVE were screened to identify their antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus iniae by using disk diffusion assay and challenge methods. Also, the MIC and MBC values for OVE and NOVE were determined by micro dilution method. Furthermore, the antimicrobial effect of OVE and NOVE were examined by feeding rainbow trout fingerlings, with O. vulgare extract and its nano extract and florfenicol as a positive control. Then, all fish were injected intraperitoneal with S. iniae suspension in 3×108 CFU/mL concentration. Mortality rate was investigated for next 14 days after injection; then the spleen of fish samples removed to determine bacteria total count (SBT). In vitro results showed that OVE and NOVE had antimicrobial activity which was higher in NOVE. The inhibition zone of NOVE (26.066 mm) was significantly greater than OVE (21.7mm) (p <0.05). Also, the MIC and MBC values with high efficacy against S. iniae in NOVE treatment group were 0.25 and 0.5 mgmL respectively, which was lower than OVE treatment values (p <0.05). In vivo results showed that the mortality rate and SBT was significantly lower (p <0.05) in the fish fed with NOVE than OVE and the control group (p <0.05). These results indicated that the Origanum vulgare extract and its nano extract supplement are satisfactory as a prophylactic measure against rainbow trout streptococcosis and also for fish health improvement.
{"title":"An In vitro and in vivo study on antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare extract and its nano form against Streptococcus iniae in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Saideh Fakharzadeh, M. Haghighi, M. Rohani, I. Sharifpour, M. Hamidi","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122452","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed in order to determine the antibacterial activity of oregano, Origanum vulgare extract (OVE) and its nano extract (NOVE) on Streptococcus iniae in rainbow trout in vitro and in vivo. Extractionwas done under standard percolation method. Then OVE and NOVE were screened to identify their antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus iniae by using disk diffusion assay and challenge methods. Also, the MIC and MBC values for OVE and NOVE were determined by micro dilution method. Furthermore, the antimicrobial effect of OVE and NOVE were examined by feeding rainbow trout fingerlings, with O. vulgare extract and its nano extract and florfenicol as a positive control. Then, all fish were injected intraperitoneal with S. iniae suspension in 3×108 CFU/mL concentration. Mortality rate was investigated for next 14 days after injection; then the spleen of fish samples removed to determine bacteria total count (SBT). In vitro results showed that OVE and NOVE had antimicrobial activity which was higher in NOVE. The inhibition zone of NOVE (26.066 mm) was significantly greater than OVE (21.7mm) (p <0.05). Also, the MIC and MBC values with high efficacy against S. iniae in NOVE treatment group were 0.25 and 0.5 mgmL respectively, which was lower than OVE treatment values (p <0.05). In vivo results showed that the mortality rate and SBT was significantly lower (p <0.05) in the fish fed with NOVE than OVE and the control group (p <0.05). These results indicated that the Origanum vulgare extract and its nano extract supplement are satisfactory as a prophylactic measure against rainbow trout streptococcosis and also for fish health improvement.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2454-2463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41845655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122380
A. Foomani, M. Gholizadeh, M. Harsij, S. Salavatian
The study of benthic macroinvertebrate communities is one of the most common methods for assessing the effects of stresses on the biological conditions of aquatic ecosystems and water quality monitoring. This research was conducted to study the changes in the macroinvertebrate communities in the Shanbeh-Bazar River, Anzali International wetland and the effects of environmental factors. Sampling was done seasonally from spring to winter in 2017 from the. Bio-indicators, MDS, PCA, correlation and ANOSIM were used in this study. A total of 3963 macroinvertebrate belonging to 3 phyla, 9 orders of 17 families were identified. The two families of Chironomidae and Tubificidae were the most abundant, and the dominant group of the Shanbeh-Bazar River. The bio-indicators analysis varied from medium pollution to heavy pollution at different stations. MDS plot showed that sampling stations were clearly separated into 3 groups. ANOSIM and PCA analysis were shown that the human activities and urban wastewater effects on benthic communities such as increasing the resistant families (Tubificidae). The increasing of agricultural activities and the destruction of marginal forests at Stations 3 and 4 were caused the abundance of Chironomidae and Tubificidae increased. Since the Shanbeh-Bazar River has urban disturbance, especially wastewater inputs, agriculture, fishing and recreational boats, macroinvertebrate diversity decreased with increasing contaminants and stresses, led to an increase in resistant species. With the increase of agricultural and the destruction of marginal forests, the amount of organic matter increased in the water body. Anthropogenic activities are indicated to have the most negative effects on the river ecosystem. Thus, it was concluded that the river health of Shanbeh-Bazar River is within unacceptable range.
{"title":"River health assessment using macroinvertebrates and water quality parameters: A case of the Shanbeh-Bazar River, Anzali Wetland, Iran","authors":"A. Foomani, M. Gholizadeh, M. Harsij, S. Salavatian","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122380","url":null,"abstract":"The study of benthic macroinvertebrate communities is one of the most common methods for assessing the effects of stresses on the biological conditions of aquatic ecosystems and water quality monitoring. This research was conducted to study the changes in the macroinvertebrate communities in the Shanbeh-Bazar River, Anzali International wetland and the effects of environmental factors. Sampling was done seasonally from spring to winter in 2017 from the. Bio-indicators, MDS, PCA, correlation and ANOSIM were used in this study. A total of 3963 macroinvertebrate belonging to 3 phyla, 9 orders of 17 families were identified. The two families of Chironomidae and Tubificidae were the most abundant, and the dominant group of the Shanbeh-Bazar River. The bio-indicators analysis varied from medium pollution to heavy pollution at different stations. MDS plot showed that sampling stations were clearly separated into 3 groups. ANOSIM and PCA analysis were shown that the human activities and urban wastewater effects on benthic communities such as increasing the resistant families (Tubificidae). The increasing of agricultural activities and the destruction of marginal forests at Stations 3 and 4 were caused the abundance of Chironomidae and Tubificidae increased. Since the Shanbeh-Bazar River has urban disturbance, especially wastewater inputs, agriculture, fishing and recreational boats, macroinvertebrate diversity decreased with increasing contaminants and stresses, led to an increase in resistant species. With the increase of agricultural and the destruction of marginal forests, the amount of organic matter increased in the water body. Anthropogenic activities are indicated to have the most negative effects on the river ecosystem. Thus, it was concluded that the river health of Shanbeh-Bazar River is within unacceptable range.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2274-2292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45778667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122576
M. Mohammadalikhani, M. S. Mehrjan, M. Haghighi, M. Soltani, A. Kamali
Inclusion of dietary herbal supplements in aquafeed can be considered as a growth promoter and enhancer of immunity system in preventing various fish infections. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) extract (POE) on growth performance, hematological indices and immune responses of rainbow trout fry. The fries with initial weight of 3.3±0.1g were divided into four groups with feeding diets supplemented containing 0% (control, T0), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), 1.5% (T3) and 2% (T4) of POE for 56 days. After eight weeks of feeding trail, enriched POE diets significantly increased red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC), neutrophil and monocyte percentages, especially in T3 group compared to the control group (p <0.05). Although no significant differences were observed between eosinophil percentage and MCHC, but lymphocyte percentage decreased significantly (p <0.05). Also supplemented diets with POE significantly increased immune parameters including total immunoglobulin (Ig), IgM, complementary activity, total protein and lysozyme activity in all experimental groups, especially in T3 (1.5% POE) compared with the control group (p <0.05). This study demonstrates POE as a potential immunostimulant to stimulate and improve immune system of rainbow trout fry.
{"title":"Effects of dietary purslane (Portulaca oleracea) extract on growth performance, hematological indices and immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry","authors":"M. Mohammadalikhani, M. S. Mehrjan, M. Haghighi, M. Soltani, A. Kamali","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122576","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusion of dietary herbal supplements in aquafeed can be considered as a growth promoter and enhancer of immunity system in preventing various fish infections. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) extract (POE) on growth performance, hematological indices and immune responses of rainbow trout fry. The fries with initial weight of 3.3±0.1g were divided into four groups with feeding diets supplemented containing 0% (control, T0), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), 1.5% (T3) and 2% (T4) of POE for 56 days. After eight weeks of feeding trail, enriched POE diets significantly increased red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC), neutrophil and monocyte percentages, especially in T3 group compared to the control group (p <0.05). Although no significant differences were observed between eosinophil percentage and MCHC, but lymphocyte percentage decreased significantly (p <0.05). Also supplemented diets with POE significantly increased immune parameters including total immunoglobulin (Ig), IgM, complementary activity, total protein and lysozyme activity in all experimental groups, especially in T3 (1.5% POE) compared with the control group (p <0.05). This study demonstrates POE as a potential immunostimulant to stimulate and improve immune system of rainbow trout fry.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2660-2672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42203958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122554
S. Ziaei‐nejad, S. S. Shojaei, M. A. Chermahini
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of enriched Artemia with selenium nanoparticles on growth and survival indices and biochemical factors in Poecilia reticulata larvae over a six-week period. Guppy fish larvae with a mean weight of 33.55 mg in three treatments and one control group (each with three replicates) were fed with Artemia franciscana enriched with 5, 10, and 50 mg/L selenium nanoparticles. In terms of growth indices, significant differences were observed among treatments in length increment, weight gain, specific growth rate and survival rate (P 0.05). Regarding biochemical factors, significant differences were observed between treatments. As in Artemia - fed treatments enriched with 5 and 10 mg of selenium nanoparticles (treatment 1 and 2) the lowest and in the treatment fed with Artemia - enriched 50 mg nanoparticles (Treatment 3) showed the highest levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The highest total protein content was observed in treatment 2, which was significantly different from other treatments (P <0.05). Overall, if the goal of using selenium-enriched Artemia in fish larval diet is to increase survival and growth rate and improve biochemical indices, the use of selenium nanoparticles of 5 and 10 mg/l is appropriate for enriching Artemia to feed fish larvae.
{"title":"Effects of enriched artemia with selenium nanoparticles on growth, survival and biochemical factors of guppy (Poecilia reticulata)","authors":"S. Ziaei‐nejad, S. S. Shojaei, M. A. Chermahini","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122554","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the effects of enriched Artemia with selenium nanoparticles on growth and survival indices and biochemical factors in Poecilia reticulata larvae over a six-week period. Guppy fish larvae with a mean weight of 33.55 mg in three treatments and one control group (each with three replicates) were fed with Artemia franciscana enriched with 5, 10, and 50 mg/L selenium nanoparticles. In terms of growth indices, significant differences were observed among treatments in length increment, weight gain, specific growth rate and survival rate (P 0.05). Regarding biochemical factors, significant differences were observed between treatments. As in Artemia - fed treatments enriched with 5 and 10 mg of selenium nanoparticles (treatment 1 and 2) the lowest and in the treatment fed with Artemia - enriched 50 mg nanoparticles (Treatment 3) showed the highest levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The highest total protein content was observed in treatment 2, which was significantly different from other treatments (P <0.05). Overall, if the goal of using selenium-enriched Artemia in fish larval diet is to increase survival and growth rate and improve biochemical indices, the use of selenium nanoparticles of 5 and 10 mg/l is appropriate for enriching Artemia to feed fish larvae.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2593-2607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45111061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122254
Motallebi Moghanjoughi, Sharif Ruhani, A. Nasab
Due to numerous reasons, marine-obtained resources have attracted the interest of researchers. One of the subjects attracted the interest of researchers in recent years in the field of biologist marine algae due to their nutritional value, their benefits for health and their biological activities. In this study, the powder was extracted using acetone, then the extract purified by silica gel column chromatography with n-hexane and ethyl acetate combination to isolate the steroid compounds. Isolated compound was run through TLC and sprayed with vanillin-sulphuric acid reagent to detect the steroid compounds and profile of isolated compounds obtained by gas chromatography (GC). Antibacterial activity of steroids extracted of green algae Ulva fasciata from Qeshm Island in the Persian Gulf were assessed (in vitro). The antibacterial activity of the fractions was determined by Broth Dilution Methods against clinical Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella. typhi and Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus. The steroids; cholest-7-en-3ol and cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1, 2-ethanediyl acetal compounds in column fraction were identified by GC. The results showed the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the cholest-7-en-3ol and cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1,2-ethanediyl acetal for S. aureus and Bacillus cereus were 500 μg mL-1, the MBC of the cholest-7-en-3ol for B. subtilis was 500 μg mL-1 and 1000 μg mL-1 detected for cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1,2-ethanediyl acetal. The compounds had neither antibacterial activity on gram negative bacteria. Based on our results, extracted steroids from U. fasciata can be considered as a source of novel antibiotics.
{"title":"Isolation and identification of antibacterial steroid compounds from Ulva fasciata in the Persian Gulf","authors":"Motallebi Moghanjoughi, Sharif Ruhani, A. Nasab","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122254","url":null,"abstract":"Due to numerous reasons, marine-obtained resources have attracted the interest of researchers. One of the subjects attracted the interest of researchers in recent years in the field of biologist marine algae due to their nutritional value, their benefits for health and their biological activities. In this study, the powder was extracted using acetone, then the extract purified by silica gel column chromatography with n-hexane and ethyl acetate combination to isolate the steroid compounds. Isolated compound was run through TLC and sprayed with vanillin-sulphuric acid reagent to detect the steroid compounds and profile of isolated compounds obtained by gas chromatography (GC). Antibacterial activity of steroids extracted of green algae Ulva fasciata from Qeshm Island in the Persian Gulf were assessed (in vitro). The antibacterial activity of the fractions was determined by Broth Dilution Methods against clinical Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella. typhi and Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus. The steroids; cholest-7-en-3ol and cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1, 2-ethanediyl acetal compounds in column fraction were identified by GC. The results showed the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the cholest-7-en-3ol and cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1,2-ethanediyl acetal for S. aureus and Bacillus cereus were 500 μg mL-1, the MBC of the cholest-7-en-3ol for B. subtilis was 500 μg mL-1 and 1000 μg mL-1 detected for cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1,2-ethanediyl acetal. The compounds had neither antibacterial activity on gram negative bacteria. Based on our results, extracted steroids from U. fasciata can be considered as a source of novel antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"2384-2393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43279846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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