Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122933
R. Golshani, A. Moradi, R. M. Nadushan, M. Fatemi, P. G. Mostafavi
In this study the distribution and accumulation of diazinon, malathion and azinfos methyl in mullet Liza aurata,Caspian white fish Rutilus kutum and common carp Cyprinus carpio from five estuaries along the Caspian Sea have been investigated. Also, the effects of pesticides concentrations on the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) in fish species were studies. Pesticides concentration varied with fish species, sampling station and toxins types. The results indicate that the pesticides concentrations varied from 0.01 to 0.16 mg kg-1 for diazinon, 0.01 to 0.15 mg kg-1 for malathion and 0.05 to 0.36 mg kg-1 for azinfos methyl in three fish species. There was significant difference between different toxins concentrations in fish species, (p diazinon>malathion. There was significant difference in toxins concentrations between three fish species, and the highest toxins concentrations were absorbed in detritivores fish (L. aurata), followed by herbivorous fish (C. carpio) and carnivore fish (R. kutum). The results confirmed that toxins bioaccumulation in fish species is strongly controlled by habitat and feeding habits.
{"title":"Organophosphorus pesticides (diazinon, malathion and azinfos methyl) accumulation in three fish species, in south coasts of the Caspian Sea, Iran","authors":"R. Golshani, A. Moradi, R. M. Nadushan, M. Fatemi, P. G. Mostafavi","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122933","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the distribution and accumulation of diazinon, malathion and azinfos methyl in mullet Liza aurata,Caspian white fish Rutilus kutum and common carp Cyprinus carpio from five estuaries along the Caspian Sea have been investigated. Also, the effects of pesticides concentrations on the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) in fish species were studies. Pesticides concentration varied with fish species, sampling station and toxins types. The results indicate that the pesticides concentrations varied from 0.01 to 0.16 mg kg-1 for diazinon, 0.01 to 0.15 mg kg-1 for malathion and 0.05 to 0.36 mg kg-1 for azinfos methyl in three fish species. There was significant difference between different toxins concentrations in fish species, (p diazinon>malathion. There was significant difference in toxins concentrations between three fish species, and the highest toxins concentrations were absorbed in detritivores fish (L. aurata), followed by herbivorous fish (C. carpio) and carnivore fish (R. kutum). The results confirmed that toxins bioaccumulation in fish species is strongly controlled by habitat and feeding habits.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3050-3062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47461643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122964
Maryam Jamali, R. M. Nadushan, A. Javid, A. Moradi, M. Givianrad
In this study, Amirabad Special Economic was used as the study area, the distribution and tracing possible sources TPH, nickel, lead, vanadium, TP and TN were analysed in coastal sediments of 5 transects. According to our results the inner part of the 2 ports, are going to be slightly contaminated with TPH and heavy metals; meaning the contents of all the sites were lower than the background values. Based on physico-chemical parameters of water and according to dbRDA, the separation of offshore and river area was observed. Based on TOM, TPH and sediment nutrients, PCoA separated river and Sadra port transects. Finally, it seems high inter-annual water MVDISP values, reflecting highly temporal dynamic condition, influence the transportation of sediments along a depth gradient proved by nMDS, and the consecutive resuspension of sediments to open water is strong enough to keep the contaminants from rising to very high levels.
本研究以Amirabad Special Economic为研究区，分析了5个样带沿海沉积物中TPH、镍、铅、钒、TP和TN的分布及其可能来源。根据我们的结果，2个端口的内部，将会有轻微的TPH和重金属污染;这意味着所有网站的内容都低于背景值。以水体理化参数为依据，根据dbRDA进行了近海区与内河区分离的观测。基于TOM、TPH和沉积物养分，PCoA划分了河流和Sadra港样带。最后，年际间较高的水体MVDISP值，反映了高度的时间动态条件，影响了nMDS证明的沉积物沿深度梯度的输送，并且沉积物连续再悬浮到开阔水域的强度足以阻止污染物上升到很高的水平。
{"title":"Spatial trends of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, related heavy metals and sediment characteristics in South Caspian Sea: Effect of depth and temporal dispersions","authors":"Maryam Jamali, R. M. Nadushan, A. Javid, A. Moradi, M. Givianrad","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122964","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Amirabad Special Economic was used as the study area, the distribution and tracing possible sources TPH, nickel, lead, vanadium, TP and TN were analysed in coastal sediments of 5 transects. According to our results the inner part of the 2 ports, are going to be slightly contaminated with TPH and heavy metals; meaning the contents of all the sites were lower than the background values. Based on physico-chemical parameters of water and according to dbRDA, the separation of offshore and river area was observed. Based on TOM, TPH and sediment nutrients, PCoA separated river and Sadra port transects. Finally, it seems high inter-annual water MVDISP values, reflecting highly temporal dynamic condition, influence the transportation of sediments along a depth gradient proved by nMDS, and the consecutive resuspension of sediments to open water is strong enough to keep the contaminants from rising to very high levels.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3221-3238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45755833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122945
Hanieh Sadralsadati, A. Moradi, M. Afsharnasab, P. G. Mostafavi, E. Ramezani-Fard
The application and development of nanotechnology is increasingly expanded in many areas. However, considering this expansion, several concerns regarding their potential toxicity in marine biology have been addressed. Indeed, the overuse of these materials can adversely influence marine ecosystems and living organisms. Herein, the potential impact of copper-based nanoparticles on the expression level of three genes, i.e. prophenoloxidase, serine protein and glutathione peroxidase genes functioning in shrimp immune response, were assessed. For this end, the shrimps were exposed to three semi-acute toxicity treatments, including 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/L of CuNPs. The qRT-PCR results indicated negative effect of supplied nanoparticle on the expression level of these genes. Additionally, histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas and lymphoid organs were observed in the shrimps after exposure in different concentrations of CuNPs. Overall, we showed that toxic concentration of CuNPs can damage shrimp immune system as well as some internal organs. These results open up novel insights into innate immunity of shrimps subjected to copper-based nanoparticles.
{"title":"The effects of copper-based nanoparticles on the immune system of the white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)","authors":"Hanieh Sadralsadati, A. Moradi, M. Afsharnasab, P. G. Mostafavi, E. Ramezani-Fard","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122945","url":null,"abstract":"The application and development of nanotechnology is increasingly expanded in many areas. However, considering this expansion, several concerns regarding their potential toxicity in marine biology have been addressed. Indeed, the overuse of these materials can adversely influence marine ecosystems and living organisms. Herein, the potential impact of copper-based nanoparticles on the expression level of three genes, i.e. prophenoloxidase, serine protein and glutathione peroxidase genes functioning in shrimp immune response, were assessed. For this end, the shrimps were exposed to three semi-acute toxicity treatments, including 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/L of CuNPs. The qRT-PCR results indicated negative effect of supplied nanoparticle on the expression level of these genes. Additionally, histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas and lymphoid organs were observed in the shrimps after exposure in different concentrations of CuNPs. Overall, we showed that toxic concentration of CuNPs can damage shrimp immune system as well as some internal organs. These results open up novel insights into innate immunity of shrimps subjected to copper-based nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3170-3182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44977306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122939
M. Gobalakrishnan, R. RadhikaRajasreeS, Karthih Mg, Aranganathan. L
Gonads of sea urchin attract consumers due to its high nutritional value than any other seafood delicacies. Aquaculturists are also very keen on developing larval culture methods for large-scale cultivation. The present investigation systematically examined the larval rearing, development, survival and growth rate of Salmacis bicolor fed with various microalgal diets under laboratory condition. Fertilization rate was estimated as 95%. The blastula and gastrula stages attained at 8.25 h and 23.10 h post-fertilization. The 4 - armed pluteus larvae were formed with two well - developed post-oral arms at 44.20 h following post-fertilization. The 8 - armed pluteus attained at 9 days post fertilization. The competent larva with complete rudiment growth was developed on 25th days post - fertilization. Monodiet algal feed - Chaetoceros calcitrans and Dunaliella salina resulted medium (50.6 ± 2.7%) and low survival rate (36.8 ± 1.7%) of S. bicolor larvae. However, combination algal feed – Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans has promoted high survival rate (68.3 ± 2.5%) which was significantly different between the mono and combination diet. From the observations of the study, combination diet could be adopted as an effective feed measure to promote the production of nutritionally valuable roes of S. bicolor.
{"title":"Spawning and larval rearing of red sea urchin Salmacis bicolor (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1846;Echinodermata: Echinoidea)","authors":"M. Gobalakrishnan, R. RadhikaRajasreeS, Karthih Mg, Aranganathan. L","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122939","url":null,"abstract":"Gonads of sea urchin attract consumers due to its high nutritional value than any other seafood delicacies. Aquaculturists are also very keen on developing larval culture methods for large-scale cultivation. The present investigation systematically examined the larval rearing, development, survival and growth rate of Salmacis bicolor fed with various microalgal diets under laboratory condition. Fertilization rate was estimated as 95%. The blastula and gastrula stages attained at 8.25 h and 23.10 h post-fertilization. The 4 - armed pluteus larvae were formed with two well - developed post-oral arms at 44.20 h following post-fertilization. The 8 - armed pluteus attained at 9 days post fertilization. The competent larva with complete rudiment growth was developed on 25th days post - fertilization. Monodiet algal feed - Chaetoceros calcitrans and Dunaliella salina resulted medium (50.6 ± 2.7%) and low survival rate (36.8 ± 1.7%) of S. bicolor larvae. However, combination algal feed – Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans has promoted high survival rate (68.3 ± 2.5%) which was significantly different between the mono and combination diet. From the observations of the study, combination diet could be adopted as an effective feed measure to promote the production of nutritionally valuable roes of S. bicolor.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3098-3111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47911412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122972
V. Morshedi, N. Agh, F. Noori, Fatemeh Jafary, A. Qasemi
Lactoferrin (LF) has been used as an immunostimulant in different fish species and have effects on growth and immunological parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary LF on growth and feeding performance, body composition, digestive enzymes activity, hematological factors, humoral immune response and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes in sobaity juvenile (Sparidentex hasta). One hundred and thirty five fish with an initial average weight of 35.64±0.30 g were fed for a period of 8 weeks. Basal diet was supplemented with 0 (control), 400 and 800 mg kg-1 LF in a completely randomized design trial in triplicate groups. The results showed no significant differences in growth and feeding parameters and body composition between control and treatment groups (p >0.05). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in digestive enzymes activity, non-specific immune response, hematological parameters and immune-related gene expression (IL-1β) between control and the treatment groups (p >0.05). Nonetheless, growth-related gene expression (IGF-I) of treatments and control group significantly varied (p <0.05). These results suggested that dietary LF used in this study is not appropriate for supplementation in the diet of sobaity juvenile as it did not influence the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and the physiological parameters in this fish. This study encourages further research on different aspects of LF in sobaity culture with a clear emphasis on optimizing dosage levels.
{"title":"Growth, body composition, physiological responses and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes of Sobaity seabream (Sparidentex hasta) juvenile fed dietary bovine lactoferrin","authors":"V. Morshedi, N. Agh, F. Noori, Fatemeh Jafary, A. Qasemi","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122972","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (LF) has been used as an immunostimulant in different fish species and have effects on growth and immunological parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary LF on growth and feeding performance, body composition, digestive enzymes activity, hematological factors, humoral immune response and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes in sobaity juvenile (Sparidentex hasta). One hundred and thirty five fish with an initial average weight of 35.64±0.30 g were fed for a period of 8 weeks. Basal diet was supplemented with 0 (control), 400 and 800 mg kg-1 LF in a completely randomized design trial in triplicate groups. The results showed no significant differences in growth and feeding parameters and body composition between control and treatment groups (p >0.05). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in digestive enzymes activity, non-specific immune response, hematological parameters and immune-related gene expression (IL-1β) between control and the treatment groups (p >0.05). Nonetheless, growth-related gene expression (IGF-I) of treatments and control group significantly varied (p <0.05). These results suggested that dietary LF used in this study is not appropriate for supplementation in the diet of sobaity juvenile as it did not influence the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and the physiological parameters in this fish. This study encourages further research on different aspects of LF in sobaity culture with a clear emphasis on optimizing dosage levels.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3269-3284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45457326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122971
P. Xuan
Changes in the peptide levels of sea bream (Sparus aurata) GnRH (sbGnRH) in the olfactory bulb, telencephalon including the preoptic area, hypothalamus, optic tectum-thalamus and pituitary during a reproductive cycle were investigated in addition to plasma levels of testosterone (T), 17β- estradiol (E2) and 17α, 20b-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) in wild female Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer in Nha Phu lagoon, Vietnam from March to September, 2010. Ovaries were classified into five stages: II Recovering spent (March -April), III Maturing (May-June), IV Mature (June), V Ripe and ovulating (July- August) and VI Spent (September). The gonadosomatic index increased significantly from the stage II (1.62%±0.12) to stage V (8.48%±0.23) and dropped thereafter in stage VI (2.05%±0.25). In the olfactory bulb and telencephalon, sbGnRH levels in stage IV and stage V were slightly higher than those in the other stages, but no significant differences in sbGnRH levels were found among the ovarian stages. In the hypothalamus and optic tectum-thalamus, although significant differences in sbGnRH level were not found among the ovarian stages, the highest level of sbGnRH was determined in stage III (594.13±152.12 pg tissue-1 and 501.37±124.35 pg tissue-1, respectively). In the pituitary, sbGnRH level in stage III (6927.03±218.92 pg tissue-1) was significantly higher than that in the other stages. In addition, plasma T, E2 and DHP levels increased significantly during ovarian maturation or ovulation with the highest level of T (2.91±0.31 ng ml-1) and E2 (4.98±1.43 ng ml-1) recorded in stage IV and DHP (389.6 ± 136.03 pg ml-1) in stage V. The results showed that sbGnRH in the anterior brain and pituitary is involved in initiation and ovarian maturation in wild Asian sea bass.
本文于2010年3月至9月在越南芽富湖野生雌性亚洲海鲈(Lates calcarifer)中研究了生殖周期中嗅球、端脑(包括视前区)、下丘脑、视顶丘脑和垂体中GnRH (sbGnRH)肽水平的变化，以及血浆中睾酮(T)、17β-雌二醇(E2)和17α、20b-二羟基-4-孕激素-3-one (DHP)水平的变化。卵巢分为5个阶段:恢复期(3 - 4月)、成熟期(5 - 6月)、成熟期(6月)、成熟期(7 - 8月)和成熟期(9月)。性腺指数从II期(1.62%±0.12)上升至V期(8.48%±0.23)，随后在VI期(2.05%±0.25)下降。在嗅球和端脑中，IV期和V期的sbGnRH水平略高于其他阶段，但卵巢各阶段的sbGnRH水平无显著差异。在下丘脑和视顶丘脑，虽然sbGnRH水平在卵巢各阶段之间没有显著差异，但在第三阶段sbGnRH水平最高(分别为594.13±152.12 pg组织-1和501.37±124.35 pg组织-1)。垂体III期sbGnRH水平(6927.03±218.92 pg组织-1)明显高于其他期。卵巢成熟或排卵期血浆T、E2和DHP水平均显著升高，其中T(2.91±0.31 ng ml-1)和E2(4.98±1.43 ng ml-1)在IV期最高，DHP(389.6±136.03 pg ml-1)在v期最高。结果表明，野生亚洲黑鲈前脑和垂体的sbGnRH参与了卵巢的起始和成熟。
{"title":"Changes in brain and pituitary GnRH levels during a reproductive cycle in wild female Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790)","authors":"P. Xuan","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122971","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the peptide levels of sea bream (Sparus aurata) GnRH (sbGnRH) in the olfactory bulb, telencephalon including the preoptic area, hypothalamus, optic tectum-thalamus and pituitary during a reproductive cycle were investigated in addition to plasma levels of testosterone (T), 17β- estradiol (E2) and 17α, 20b-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) in wild female Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer in Nha Phu lagoon, Vietnam from March to September, 2010. Ovaries were classified into five stages: II Recovering spent (March -April), III Maturing (May-June), IV Mature (June), V Ripe and ovulating (July- August) and VI Spent (September). The gonadosomatic index increased significantly from the stage II (1.62%±0.12) to stage V (8.48%±0.23) and dropped thereafter in stage VI (2.05%±0.25). In the olfactory bulb and telencephalon, sbGnRH levels in stage IV and stage V were slightly higher than those in the other stages, but no significant differences in sbGnRH levels were found among the ovarian stages. In the hypothalamus and optic tectum-thalamus, although significant differences in sbGnRH level were not found among the ovarian stages, the highest level of sbGnRH was determined in stage III (594.13±152.12 pg tissue-1 and 501.37±124.35 pg tissue-1, respectively). In the pituitary, sbGnRH level in stage III (6927.03±218.92 pg tissue-1) was significantly higher than that in the other stages. In addition, plasma T, E2 and DHP levels increased significantly during ovarian maturation or ovulation with the highest level of T (2.91±0.31 ng ml-1) and E2 (4.98±1.43 ng ml-1) recorded in stage IV and DHP (389.6 ± 136.03 pg ml-1) in stage V. The results showed that sbGnRH in the anterior brain and pituitary is involved in initiation and ovarian maturation in wild Asian sea bass.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3255-3268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41760270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122944
I. Ibrahim, Shamal Hamadamen, K. Karim
A total of 150 carp fish were collected from Grdarasha Farm (8 kilometers from Erbil-Iraq) and examined for the presence of pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila on their skin ulcers, this bacterium secretes a toxin protein called aerolysin which is a virulence factor and has a role in diarrhoeal diseases, deep wound infections and hemorrhagic septicemia. The present study aimed to determine the presence of A. hydrophila in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). For this purpose samples were collected from fish ulcer by swap and incubated at 37°C in blood agar to determine the shape and morphology of colonies, and then the colonies were examined by gram stain test for microscopic examination, finally molecular diagnosis was conducted for aerolysin gene with primer design and PCR. According to the diagnosis methods results were different; PCR diagnosis confirmed that only 68 skin lesions were caused by A. hydrophila, no visceral lesion was caused by A. hydrophila and this bacterium hardly ever seen in the skin surrounding mouth as only 2 lesions surrounding mouth had A. hydrophila in PCR diagnosis.
{"title":"Molecular diagnosis of pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio ulcers","authors":"I. Ibrahim, Shamal Hamadamen, K. Karim","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122944","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 150 carp fish were collected from Grdarasha Farm (8 kilometers from Erbil-Iraq) and examined for the presence of pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila on their skin ulcers, this bacterium secretes a toxin protein called aerolysin which is a virulence factor and has a role in diarrhoeal diseases, deep wound infections and hemorrhagic septicemia. The present study aimed to determine the presence of A. hydrophila in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). For this purpose samples were collected from fish ulcer by swap and incubated at 37°C in blood agar to determine the shape and morphology of colonies, and then the colonies were examined by gram stain test for microscopic examination, finally molecular diagnosis was conducted for aerolysin gene with primer design and PCR. According to the diagnosis methods results were different; PCR diagnosis confirmed that only 68 skin lesions were caused by A. hydrophila, no visceral lesion was caused by A. hydrophila and this bacterium hardly ever seen in the skin surrounding mouth as only 2 lesions surrounding mouth had A. hydrophila in PCR diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3160-3169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45547874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122842
H. Khara
Caspian brown trout, Salmo caspius, were subject to five temperatures (5°C, 8°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 28°C) for two durations 12 and 24 hours. The fish were maintained for 48 hours at a water temperature of 9-10°C to acclimatize.The water temperature was changed gradually at a rate of 2°C per hour to the respective temperatures. Exposure to temperatures of 25 and 28°C resulted in loss of all fish. Red blood cell, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit were decreased at 5°C compared to control (8°C) and 20°C in duration of 12h. Temperature tension did not affect the mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin value during the 12 and 24h duration (p >0.05). Neutrophils percentage was significantly higher at 5°C and 20°C, but the most percentage of lymphocytes was noted in the control group. Cortisol, glucose, and lactate values elevated in both periods when water temperature decreased to 5°C compare to the control and 20°C groups (p <0.05). The levels of albumin and total protein in the duration of 12h at 20°C were significantly higher than control and 5°C, but this trend was not seen in the exposure of 24h (p <0.05). The lysozyme activity and immunoglobin M were affected by varying temperatures (p <0.05), and highest levels were observed in control groups. Most histopathological changes in gill, such as epithelial hypertrophy, curling of lamella, and necrosis of the epithelial cell were observed at 20°C; whereasthese were less affected at 5°C and 8°C. Lowest hemorrhages in the spleen and lowest size of sinusoids were observed in 8°C and 5°C treatments respectively. Overall, temperature variation had a superior impact on gills than spleen. Taken together, the results of the present study showed that sudden variation beyond the optimum temperature leads to physiological and pathological changes.
{"title":"Immunological, hematological, and histological responses in blood, spleen and gill of Salmo caspius juveniles exposed in different water temperatures","authors":"H. Khara","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122842","url":null,"abstract":"Caspian brown trout, Salmo caspius, were subject to five temperatures (5°C, 8°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 28°C) for two durations 12 and 24 hours. The fish were maintained for 48 hours at a water temperature of 9-10°C to acclimatize.The water temperature was changed gradually at a rate of 2°C per hour to the respective temperatures. Exposure to temperatures of 25 and 28°C resulted in loss of all fish. Red blood cell, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit were decreased at 5°C compared to control (8°C) and 20°C in duration of 12h. Temperature tension did not affect the mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin value during the 12 and 24h duration (p >0.05). Neutrophils percentage was significantly higher at 5°C and 20°C, but the most percentage of lymphocytes was noted in the control group. Cortisol, glucose, and lactate values elevated in both periods when water temperature decreased to 5°C compare to the control and 20°C groups (p <0.05). The levels of albumin and total protein in the duration of 12h at 20°C were significantly higher than control and 5°C, but this trend was not seen in the exposure of 24h (p <0.05). The lysozyme activity and immunoglobin M were affected by varying temperatures (p <0.05), and highest levels were observed in control groups. Most histopathological changes in gill, such as epithelial hypertrophy, curling of lamella, and necrosis of the epithelial cell were observed at 20°C; whereasthese were less affected at 5°C and 8°C. Lowest hemorrhages in the spleen and lowest size of sinusoids were observed in 8°C and 5°C treatments respectively. Overall, temperature variation had a superior impact on gills than spleen. Taken together, the results of the present study showed that sudden variation beyond the optimum temperature leads to physiological and pathological changes.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47689035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122943
B. .. Thomas, A. Bu-Olayan
Mass mortality of Catfish Netuma thalassina during the peak summer in Kuwait Bay prompted the study of mercury concentrations using direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80) during the ‘fish kill’ otherwise, found below the detectable limits. The mean mercury (Hg) concentrations in seawater, sediment and body parts of N. thalassina (0.27 ng L-1, 0.35 ng g-1, 0.23 ng g-1) was high during ‘fish kill’ on 29th April, 2017 when compared aftermath the ‘fish kill’ (0.20 ng L-1, 0.29 ng g-1 and 0.15 ng g-1) respectively. Hg concentrations in the collected samples were observed in the sequence of Site-II>Site-I>Site-III. Fish stress was validated by hepatosomatic index (HSI). During ‘fish kill’ a decrease in liver weight due to liver shrinkage against their body weight was observed in contrast aftermath the ‘fish kill’. Mass mortality of N. thalassina was also suspected because of underwater explosion-a plan that is adopted when complex construction activities were made across the Kuwait Bay sites. Since, fish with swim bladder is susceptible to explosion, environmental variations and hazardous effluents, such factors are validated, and futuristic research delved in this line.
在科威特湾的夏季高峰期间，金枪鱼的大量死亡促使使用直接汞分析仪(DMA-80)对“鱼类死亡”期间的汞浓度进行研究，否则发现低于可检测限度。2017年4月29日“杀鱼”期间，与“杀鱼”后的平均汞浓度(0.20 ng L-1、0.29 ng g-1和0.15 ng g-1)相比，海水、沉积物和体部平均汞浓度(0.27 ng g-1、0.35 ng g-1、0.23 ng g-1)较高。收集的样品中汞的浓度按Site-II>Site-I>Site-III的顺序排列。通过肝体指数(HSI)验证了鱼的应激。在“杀鱼”期间，由于肝脏相对于体重的收缩，肝脏重量下降，与“杀鱼”后的情况形成对比。海藻的大量死亡也被怀疑是由于水下爆炸——这是在科威特湾工地进行复杂建筑活动时采用的一种计划。由于鱼鳔易受爆炸、环境变化和有害废水的影响，这些因素得到了验证，未来的研究将在这条线上进行深入研究。
{"title":"Validating mercury levels in catfish Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837) during and aftermath ‘fish kill’ in Kuwait Bay","authors":"B. .. Thomas, A. Bu-Olayan","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122943","url":null,"abstract":"Mass mortality of Catfish Netuma thalassina during the peak summer in Kuwait Bay prompted the study of mercury concentrations using direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80) during the ‘fish kill’ otherwise, found below the detectable limits. The mean mercury (Hg) concentrations in seawater, sediment and body parts of N. thalassina (0.27 ng L-1, 0.35 ng g-1, 0.23 ng g-1) was high during ‘fish kill’ on 29th April, 2017 when compared aftermath the ‘fish kill’ (0.20 ng L-1, 0.29 ng g-1 and 0.15 ng g-1) respectively. Hg concentrations in the collected samples were observed in the sequence of Site-II>Site-I>Site-III. Fish stress was validated by hepatosomatic index (HSI). During ‘fish kill’ a decrease in liver weight due to liver shrinkage against their body weight was observed in contrast aftermath the ‘fish kill’. Mass mortality of N. thalassina was also suspected because of underwater explosion-a plan that is adopted when complex construction activities were made across the Kuwait Bay sites. Since, fish with swim bladder is susceptible to explosion, environmental variations and hazardous effluents, such factors are validated, and futuristic research delved in this line.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3151-3159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47006776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.22092/IJFS.2020.122934
H. H. Sahafi, S. D. Madiseh, S. Koohilai, M. Hamidinejad, M. Velayatzadeh
Sex steroids (testosterone, progesterone and 17β-estradiol) play important roles in controlling reproduction and sexual maturity in teleosts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seasonal changes of these steroids in Rohu Labeo rohita. Forty gravid females and males L. rohita reared in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) were caught by a net with 1 cm mesh from earthen ponds of Aquaculture Research Institute, in south of Iran. The highest levels of 17β-estradiol (122.8±17.73 ng mL-1), testosterone (0.11±0.003 ng mL-1) and progesterone (0.86±0.01 ng mL-1) in female fish were recorded in autumn. In addition, the highest concentration of testosterone in male was determined as 0.84±0.003 ng mL-1 in autumn. The mean value of dissolved oxygen in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) were 9.21±0.77, 8.36±0.51, 10.41±0.9 and 13.14±0.72 mg L-1, with temperature 25.47±1.07, 29.88±1.42, 20.23±0.69 and 14.63±0.47◦C, respectively. Therefore, it can be inferred that progesterone was considered as the critical index for seasonal breeding selection. There was an appropriate condition in the mid winter for broodstock selection and breeding of fish with hormones manipulation.
{"title":"Plasma levels of sex steroids (testosterone, progesterone and 17β-estradiol) in Rohu Carp Labeo rohita broodstock from Khuzestan, Iran","authors":"H. H. Sahafi, S. D. Madiseh, S. Koohilai, M. Hamidinejad, M. Velayatzadeh","doi":"10.22092/IJFS.2020.122934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22092/IJFS.2020.122934","url":null,"abstract":"Sex steroids (testosterone, progesterone and 17β-estradiol) play important roles in controlling reproduction and sexual maturity in teleosts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seasonal changes of these steroids in Rohu Labeo rohita. Forty gravid females and males L. rohita reared in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) were caught by a net with 1 cm mesh from earthen ponds of Aquaculture Research Institute, in south of Iran. The highest levels of 17β-estradiol (122.8±17.73 ng mL-1), testosterone (0.11±0.003 ng mL-1) and progesterone (0.86±0.01 ng mL-1) in female fish were recorded in autumn. In addition, the highest concentration of testosterone in male was determined as 0.84±0.003 ng mL-1 in autumn. The mean value of dissolved oxygen in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) were 9.21±0.77, 8.36±0.51, 10.41±0.9 and 13.14±0.72 mg L-1, with temperature 25.47±1.07, 29.88±1.42, 20.23±0.69 and 14.63±0.47◦C, respectively. Therefore, it can be inferred that progesterone was considered as the critical index for seasonal breeding selection. There was an appropriate condition in the mid winter for broodstock selection and breeding of fish with hormones manipulation.","PeriodicalId":14569,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"3063-3074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47986185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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