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2014 27th SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images最新文献

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Oriented Relative Fuzzy Connectedness: Theory, Algorithms, and Applications in Image Segmentation 面向相对模糊连通性:理论、算法及其在图像分割中的应用
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.38
H. C. Bejar, P. A. Miranda
Anatomical structures and tissues are often hard to be segmented in medical images due to their poorly defined boundaries, i.e., low contrast in relation to other nearby false boundaries. The specification of the boundary polarity can help to alleviate part of this problem. In this work, we discuss how to incorporate this property in the Relative Fuzzy Connectedness (RFC) framework. We include a theoretical proof of the optimality of the new algorithm, named Oriented Relative Fuzzy Connectedness (ORFC), in terms of an oriented energy function subject to the seed constraints, and show the obtained gains in accuracy using medical images of MRI and CT images of thoracic studies.
解剖结构和组织在医学图像中往往难以分割,因为它们的边界定义不清,即相对于其他附近的假边界对比度较低。边界极性的规范有助于部分缓解这一问题。在这项工作中,我们讨论了如何将这一性质纳入相对模糊连通性(RFC)框架。我们包含了新算法的最优性的理论证明,称为定向相对模糊连通性(ORFC),根据受种子约束的定向能量函数,并使用MRI和CT图像的胸部研究显示了获得的准确性增益。
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引用次数: 8
3D Face Reconstruction from Video Using 3D Morphable Model and Silhouette 利用3D变形模型和轮廓从视频中重建3D面部
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.12
C. Baumberger, M. Reyes, M. Constantinescu, R. Olariu, Edilson de Aguiar, Thiago Oliveira-Santos
Capitalizing on the advances of 3D face reconstruction from computer graphics and computer vision, this work presents a system to enable precise and robust 3D facial reconstruction from video in order to improve current approaches for doctor-patient communication tools. The reconstructed face can be used for emulation of aesthetic procedures in 3D. The proposed 3D face reconstruction algorithm uses a statistical shape model as well as information from facial landmarks and silhouette to iteratively model the face of a subject moving the face from front to left. The presented 3D active shape model approach enables the spatio-temporal tracking of facial landmarks and pose estimation based on a few initial facial landmarks defined in the first frame. Silhouette information extracted from key frames allows for better face reconstruction. The proposed methods were rigorously evaluated with experiments using real and artificial data. Results showed that the proposed method can detect facial landmarks with an approximate median error of 5% intraocular distance, can estimate pose with a median error below 5 degrees, and that silhouette information can improve reconstruction accuracy in all facial regions, specially on the cheeks.
利用计算机图形学和计算机视觉的3D面部重建技术的进步,本研究提出了一个系统,可以从视频中实现精确和鲁棒的3D面部重建,以改进目前的医患沟通工具。重建后的人脸可用于三维仿真美学过程。提出的三维人脸重建算法利用统计形状模型以及面部地标和轮廓信息,对人脸从前向左移动的对象进行迭代建模。提出的三维主动形状模型方法能够实现人脸特征点的时空跟踪和基于第一帧中定义的几个初始人脸特征点的姿态估计。从关键帧中提取的轮廓信息可以更好地重建人脸。采用真实数据和人工数据对所提出的方法进行了严格的实验评估。结果表明,该方法能够以5%眼内距离的中值误差近似检测面部标志,以小于5度的中值误差估计姿态,并且轮廓信息能够提高面部所有区域的重建精度,尤其是脸颊区域。
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引用次数: 14
Procedural Generation of 3D Canyons 3D峡谷的程序生成
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.41
Daniel Michelon De Carli, C. Pozzer, Fernando Bevilacqua, V. Schetinger
This paper presents a non-assisted method for procedural generation of 3D canyon scenes. Our approach combines techniques of computer graphics, computer vision, image processing and graph search algorithms. Our main contribution is a generation approach that uses noise-generated height maps that are carefully transformed and manipulated by data clustering (through the Mean Shift algorithm) and image operations in order to mimic the observed geological features of real canyons. Several parameters are used to guide and constrain the generation of terrains, canyon features, course and shape of rivers, plain areas, soft slope regions, cliffs and plateaus.
本文提出了一种非辅助的三维峡谷场景程序生成方法。我们的方法结合了计算机图形学、计算机视觉、图像处理和图形搜索算法等技术。我们的主要贡献是一种生成方法,该方法使用噪声生成的高度图,通过数据聚类(通过Mean Shift算法)和图像操作仔细转换和操作,以模拟观测到的真实峡谷的地质特征。几个参数用于指导和约束地形、峡谷特征、河流、平原地区、软坡地区、悬崖和高原的生成。
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引用次数: 14
Semantically Aware Dynamic Layouts 语义感知动态布局
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.43
Erick Gomez Nieto, Danilo Motta, L. G. Nonato
Arranging geometric primitives in a two-dimensional layout is a typical problem in graphics and visualization applications. Most existing approaches are either not flexible enough to allow users modify the layout according to their interest or unable to maintain the semantic relation between geometric instances during user manipulation. The few interactive semantic aware layout construction methods relies on computationally costly energy functional that demand intricate GPU implementations to enable real-time user interventions. In this work we propose a novel interactive semantic aware layout construction technique that relies on a simple mathematical and computational formulation that allow users to freely interact with the layout. Our approach is supported by interactive multidimensional projection methods, which enforces similar instances to be placed close to each other during layout updates. The presented results show the versatility, effectiveness, and simplicity of our approach when building semantic aware user tailored layouts.
在二维布局中排列几何基元是图形和可视化应用中的一个典型问题。大多数现有方法要么不够灵活,不能允许用户根据自己的兴趣修改布局,要么无法在用户操作期间维护几何实例之间的语义关系。少数交互式语义感知布局构建方法依赖于计算成本高的能量函数,需要复杂的GPU实现来实现实时用户干预。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新的交互式语义感知布局构建技术,该技术依赖于一个简单的数学和计算公式,允许用户自由地与布局交互。我们的方法得到交互式多维投影方法的支持,该方法在布局更新期间强制相似的实例彼此靠近放置。给出的结果显示了我们的方法在构建感知语义的用户定制布局时的多功能性、有效性和简单性。
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引用次数: 3
Visualization and Analysis of Parallel Dataflow Execution with Smart Traces 智能跟踪并行数据流执行的可视化与分析
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.2
D. Osmari, H. Vo, Cláudio T. Silva, J. Comba, L. Lins
Most performance analysis tools focus on presenting an overload of details, with little application-dependent structure, and predefined statistical summaries. This makes the complex relations present in a parallel program not directly recognisable to the user, making the task of identifying performance issues more costly in both time and effort. In this work we investigate the requirements to create visualisations of execution traces of parallel programs modelled as dataflows. We propose the Smart Trace (ST) concept, to encode the structure of the data, and guide the construction of specialised visualizations. A visualization tool can then leverage the relationships in the data to automate a given analysis task. We show with examples the power and flexibility of visualisations we can create to address specific questions formulated about the analysis of the data, with emphasis in parallel dataflow traces.
大多数性能分析工具都侧重于呈现过多的细节,很少使用与应用程序相关的结构和预定义的统计摘要。这使得用户无法直接识别并行程序中存在的复杂关系,从而使识别性能问题的任务在时间和精力上都更加昂贵。在这项工作中,我们研究了创建可视化的并行程序的执行轨迹建模为数据流的需求。我们提出了智能跟踪(ST)概念,用于对数据结构进行编码,并指导专业可视化的构建。可视化工具可以利用数据中的关系来自动执行给定的分析任务。我们通过示例展示了可视化的强大功能和灵活性,我们可以创建可视化来解决有关数据分析的特定问题,重点是并行数据流跟踪。
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引用次数: 9
Segmentation of Pigmented Melanocytic Skin Lesions Based on Learned Dictionaries and Normalized Graph Cuts 基于学习字典和归一化图割的黑色素细胞皮肤损伤分割
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.42
E. S. Flores, J. Scharcanski
Pigmented melanocytic skin lesion pre-screening relies on the proper segmentation of the image regions affected by the skin lesion. This paper proposes a new pigmented melanocytic skin lesion segmentation algorithm for standard camera images. It is assumed that only one skin lesion is in each input image, and also is assumed that the skin lesion is placed at (or close to) the image center. Thus, the input is, at first, shading attenuated, and then converted to a three-channel color space that enhances the discrimination between healthy and unhealthy skin regions. Afterwards, a dictionary is generated for each image, which is compact and reconstructive, and represents the image patches. This dictionary is obtained in an unsupervised manner using a modified version of the Information-Theoretic Dictionary Learning (ITDL) method, which was originally proposed as supervised dictionary learning method. Normalized Graph Cuts is used to partition the set of projected patches in two groups, resulting in a binary mask that labels the pixels as corresponding to healthy or unhealthy image regions. Our preliminary experimental results obtained on a publicly available dataset are encouraging, and suggest that the proposed pigmented melanocytic skin lesion segmentation method provides, in average, a lower segmentation error rate than comparable state-of-the-art methods proposed in the literature.
色素黑素细胞性皮肤病变的预筛选依赖于对受皮肤病变影响的图像区域进行适当的分割。提出了一种针对标准相机图像的黑色素细胞皮肤病灶分割算法。假设每个输入图像中只有一个皮肤病变,并且假设皮肤病变位于(或接近)图像中心。因此,输入首先是减弱阴影,然后转换为三通道颜色空间,增强健康和不健康皮肤区域之间的区分。然后,为每张图像生成一个字典,该字典具有紧凑性和重构性,表示图像的patch。该词典是使用信息理论字典学习(ITDL)方法的改进版本以无监督的方式获得的,该方法最初被提出为监督字典学习方法。规范化图形切割用于将投影补丁集划分为两组,从而产生一个二值掩码,该掩码将像素标记为对应于健康或不健康的图像区域。我们在公开数据集上获得的初步实验结果令人鼓舞,并表明所提出的色素黑素细胞皮肤病变分割方法平均比文献中提出的同类最先进方法提供更低的分割错误率。
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引用次数: 15
Semi-supervised Learning for Relevance Feedback on Image Retrieval Tasks 图像检索任务中相关反馈的半监督学习
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.44
D. C. G. Pedronette, R. Calumby, R. Torres
Relevance feedback approaches have been established as an important tool for interactive search, enabling users to express their needs. However, in view of the growth of multimedia collections available, the user efforts required by these methods tend to increase as well, demanding approaches for reducing the need of user interactions. In this context, this paper proposes a semi-supervised learning algorithm for relevance feedback to be used in image retrieval tasks. The proposed semi-supervised algorithm aims at using both supervised and unsupervised approaches simultaneously. While a supervised step is performed using the information collected from the user feedback, an unsupervised step exploits the intrinsic dataset structure, which is represented in terms of ranked lists of images. Several experiments were conducted for different image retrieval tasks involving shape, color, and texture descriptors and different datasets. The proposed approach was also evaluated on multimodal retrieval tasks, considering visual and textual descriptors. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
相关反馈方法已成为交互式搜索的重要工具,使用户能够表达自己的需求。然而,鉴于可用的多媒体集合的增长,这些方法所要求的用户努力也趋于增加,要求减少用户交互需求的方法。在此背景下,本文提出了一种用于图像检索任务的相关反馈的半监督学习算法。提出的半监督算法旨在同时使用有监督和无监督方法。有监督的步骤是使用从用户反馈中收集的信息来执行的,而无监督的步骤利用了内在的数据集结构,它用图像的排名列表来表示。针对形状、颜色和纹理描述符和不同数据集的图像检索任务进行了实验。在考虑视觉和文本描述符的多模态检索任务中,对该方法进行了评估。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Fuzzy Inference Methods Applied to the Learning Competence Measure in Dynamic Classifier Selection 模糊推理方法在动态分类器选择学习能力测量中的应用
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.26
M. Kurzynski, Maciej Krysmann
The concept of classifier competence in the feature space is fundamental to dynamic classifier selection in multiple classifier systems (MCS). Competence function (measure) of base classifier can be determined using validation set in the two step procedure. The first step consists in creating competence set, i.e. the set of classifier competences for all validation objects. To this end a hypothetical classifier called randomized reference classifier (RRC) is constructed. Since RRC - on average - acts like the evaluated classifier, the competence of the classifier at validation point is calculated as the probability of correct classification at this point of the respective RRC. In the second step, the competences calculated for a validation set are generalised to an entire feature space by constructing a competence function based on a supervised learning procedure. In this study, the second step of the above procedure is addressed by developing the fuzzy inference methods of learning competence functions. Two fuzzy inference systems are developed and applied to the supervised learning competence function of base classifiers in a MCS system with dynamic classifier selection (DCS) and dynamic ensemble selection (DES) scheme: Mamdani fuzzy inference system and Sugeno fuzzy inference system. Both fuzzy inference systems were experimentally tested and compared against 4 literature methods of learning classifier competence (potential function, regression model, multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbor scheme) using 9 databases taken from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The experimental results clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed supervised learning competence function using fuzzy inference systems regardless of the ensemble type used (homogeneous or heterogeneous).
特征空间中分类器能力的概念是多分类器系统中动态分类器选择的基础。通过两步验证集确定基分类器的能力函数(测度)。第一步包括创建能力集,即所有验证对象的分类器能力集。为此,构造了一个称为随机参考分类器(RRC)的假设分类器。由于RRC -平均而言-就像被评估的分类器一样,分类器在验证点的能力被计算为各自RRC在该点正确分类的概率。第二步,通过构建基于监督学习过程的能力函数,将验证集计算的能力推广到整个特征空间。本研究通过开发学习能力函数的模糊推理方法来解决上述步骤的第二步。开发了两个模糊推理系统Mamdani模糊推理系统和Sugeno模糊推理系统,并将其应用于具有动态分类器选择(DCS)和动态集成选择(DES)方案的MCS系统中基分类器的监督学习能力函数。实验测试了两种模糊推理系统,并使用来自UCI机器学习库的9个数据库与4种文献学习分类器能力的方法(势函数、回归模型、多层感知器、k近邻方案)进行了比较。实验结果清楚地表明,无论使用的集成类型(同质或异构)如何,所提出的监督学习能力函数在模糊推理系统中的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Face Sketch Recognition from Local Features 基于局部特征的人脸素描识别
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.24
Marco A. A. Silva, Guillermo Cámara Chávez
Systems for face sketch recognition are very important for law enforcement agencies. These systems can help to locate or narrow down potential suspects. Recently, various methods were proposed to address this problem, but there is no clear comparison of their performance. In this paper is proposed a new approach for photo/sketch recognition based on the Local Feature-based Discriminant Analysis (LFDA) method. This new approach was tested and compared with its predecessors using three differents datasets and also adding an extra gallery of 10,000 photos to extend the gallery. Experiments using the CUFS and CUFSF databases show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches. Our approach also shows good results with forensic sketches. The limitation with this dataset is its very small size. By increasing the training dataset, the accuracy of our approach increases, as it was demonstrated by our experiments.
人脸素描识别系统对执法部门来说是非常重要的。这些系统可以帮助定位或缩小潜在嫌疑人的范围。最近,人们提出了各种方法来解决这个问题,但它们的性能并没有明确的比较。提出了一种基于局部特征判别分析(LFDA)方法的照片/素描识别新方法。我们使用三个不同的数据集对这种新方法进行了测试,并与之前的方法进行了比较,同时还增加了一个包含10,000张照片的额外图库来扩展图库。使用CUFS和CUFSF数据库的实验表明,我们的方法优于最先进的方法。我们的方法在法医素描上也显示出良好的效果。这个数据集的限制是它的大小非常小。通过增加训练数据集,我们的方法的准确性提高,正如我们的实验所证明的那样。
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引用次数: 11
High-Quality Reverse Tone Mapping for a Wide Range of Exposures 高品质的反向色调映射为广泛的曝光
Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2014.29
Rafael Pacheco Kovaleski, M. M. O. Neto
Reverse-tone-mapping operators (rTMOs) enhance low-dynamic-range images and videos for display on high-dynamic-range monitors. A common problem faced by previous rTMOs is the handling of under or overexposed content. Under such conditions, they may not be effective, and even cause loss and reversal of visible contrast. We present an rTMO based on cross-bilateral filtering that generates high-quality HDR images and videos for a wide range of exposures. Experiments performed using an objective image quality metric show that our approach is the only technique available that can gracefully enhance perceived details across a large range of image exposures.
反向色调映射操作符(rTMOs)增强低动态范围图像和视频,以便在高动态范围监视器上显示。以前的rts面临的一个常见问题是处理曝光不足或曝光过度的内容。在这种情况下,它们可能无效,甚至造成可见对比度的损失和逆转。我们提出了一种基于交叉双边滤波的rTMO,可以在大范围曝光下生成高质量的HDR图像和视频。使用客观图像质量度量进行的实验表明,我们的方法是唯一可用的技术,可以在大范围的图像曝光中优雅地增强感知细节。
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引用次数: 105
期刊
2014 27th SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images
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