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A Novel Application-Based Test for Rapid Screening of Olfactory Dysfunction. 一种新的基于应用的嗅觉功能障碍快速筛查方法。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4965
Benjamin J Bernard, Omer Baker, Alena Pauley, Clifford Jiajun He, Vivian Vo, Derek Toomre, Jeremy S Rossman, Carol H Yan

Importance: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common and underdiagnosed condition that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, existing smell tests can be costly and time intensive and can lack scalability.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a novel, self-administered mobile application-based olfactory screening tool.

Design, setting, and participants: This diagnostic study was conducted at a tertiary academic medical center in the US between June 1 and December 31, 2024, to assess the performance of a novel olfactory test for the detection of OD. English-speaking individuals who were 18 years or older were recruited for the study.

Intervention: Completion of a 5-item, mobile application-based smell identification test. A subset of participants also completed a comparator test.

Main outcomes and measures: Diagnostic performance of a novel smell identification test in detecting OD compared with that of a comparator test. Secondary outcomes included correlation with subjective olfactory function.

Results: The study included 484 participants, 243 (50.2%) of whom were men. The mean (SD) age was 53.4 (18.5) years; 160 participants (33.1%) were 65 years or older. Seventy-four participants (15.3%) reported having subjective OD. Participants with self-reported OD had significantly lower novel test scores than those with normosmia (2.54 vs 3.50; mean difference, -0.96 [95% CI, -1.24 to -0.68]). At a cut point of less than 3, the novel test achieved an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96), a sensitivity of 74% (95% CI, 51%-88%), and a specificity of 86% (95% CI, 72%-93%). Novel test scores correlated with comparator test scores (r = 0.74 [95% CI, 0.59-0.83]) as well as self-reported smell (r = 0.34 [95% CI, 0.25-0.41]), with acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.70-0.71). Novel test scores declined with age, and women aged 18 to 29 years had higher scores than men in the same age group.

Conclusions and relevance: The findings of this diagnostic study suggest that the novel study test is a rapid and reliable olfactory screening tool that correlates well with validated smell tests and has potential for longitudinal screening of OD in the clinical setting.

重要性:嗅觉功能障碍(OD)是一种常见的未被诊断的疾病,与发病率和死亡率增加有关。然而,现有的气味测试既昂贵又耗时,而且缺乏可伸缩性。目的:评价一种新颖的、自我管理的、基于移动应用程序的嗅觉筛查工具的性能。设计、环境和参与者:这项诊断研究于2024年6月1日至12月31日在美国的一家三级学术医疗中心进行,以评估一种新型嗅觉测试检测OD的性能。这项研究招募了18岁以上说英语的人。干预:完成5项基于移动应用程序的气味识别测试。一部分参与者还完成了比较测试。主要结果和措施:一种新的气味识别测试在检测OD的诊断性能与比较试验的比较。次要结果包括与主观嗅觉功能的相关性。结果:共纳入484例受试者,其中243例(50.2%)为男性。平均(SD)年龄为53.4(18.5)岁;160名参与者(33.1%)年龄在65岁或以上。74名参与者(15.3%)报告主观吸毒过量。自我报告吸毒成瘾的参与者的新测试分数显著低于正常缺失的参与者(2.54 vs 3.50;平均差异为-0.96 [95% CI, -1.24至-0.68])。在小于3的切点处,新检验的曲线下面积为0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96),灵敏度为74% (95% CI, 51%-88%),特异性为86% (95% CI, 72%-93%)。新测试分数与比较测试分数(r = 0.74 [95% CI, 0.59-0.83])以及自我报告的气味(r = 0.34 [95% CI, 0.25-0.41])相关,具有可接受的内部一致性(Cronbach α = 0.70-0.71)。新测试的得分随着年龄的增长而下降,18到29岁的女性得分高于同年龄段的男性。结论和相关性:本诊断研究的结果表明,新的研究测试是一种快速可靠的嗅觉筛查工具,与经过验证的嗅觉测试具有良好的相关性,并且在临床环境中具有纵向筛查OD的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Why Hearing Health Must Be Part of Voice Biomarker Research. 为什么听力健康必须成为声音生物标志物研究的一部分。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4836
J M Warith Rahman, Micah Boyer, Victoria A Sanchez, Yaël Bensoussan
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引用次数: 0
Individualized Prognostic Counseling for Decision-Making in Head and Neck Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. 头颈癌决策的个体化预后咨询:一项非随机临床试验。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4838
Maarten C Dorr, Arta Hoesseini, Aniel Sewnaik, Emilie A C Dronkers, Robert J Baatenburg de Jong, Marinella P J Offerman
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Managing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) involves complex decision-making, requiring a balance between optimizing prognosis and preserving quality of life. However, the role of individualized prognostic counseling in the decision-making process is not well known.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association of individualized prognostic counseling with the decision-making process in patients with primary HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This prospective nonrandomized clinical trial with sequential cohorts was conducted at an academic tertiary referral center. Patients with newly diagnosed primary HNSCC who were eligible for curative treatment were enrolled between January 2014 and August 2018 (cohort 1; standard) and between October 2019 and January 2022 (cohort 2; intervention). Data were analyzed between January and August 2023.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Cohort 1 received standard counseling from the treating physician, while cohort 2 received additional individualized prognostic counseling through an online prognostic model. Both cohorts were divided into small laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SLSCC) and other HNSCC groups.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was decisional conflict, measured using the Decisional Conflict Scale. Secondary outcomes included perceived role in decision-making (Control Preferences Scale), decisional regret, treatment choice, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 458 patients were enrolled (258 in cohort 1 and 200 in cohort 2; mean [SD] age, 66.1 [8.8] years; 79% [362 of 458] men). Decisional conflict was lower following individualized prognostic counseling for both SLSCC (Cohen d = 0.19; 95% CI, -0.10 to 0.49) and other HNSCC groups (Cohen d = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.10-0.58). Among patients with other HNSCC, the largest and most precise effect sizes were seen in the informed, values clarity, and support subscales of the Decisional Conflict Scale. Decisional regret was lower at 3 to 6 months after individualized counseling (cohort 2 median, 5 [IQR. 0-20] and cohort 1 median, 20 [IQR, 1-29]; rank-biserial r = 0.15 for SLSCC; cohort 2 median, 10 [IQR. 0-20] and cohort 1 median, 20 [IQR, 10-25]; rank-biserial r = 0.29 for other HNSCC), indicating small to moderate improvements. These differences were minimal at 12 months. An association between individualized counseling and more active or shared decision-making roles was observed in the other HNSCC group (Cramer V = 0.21). No relevant differences in quality-of-life outcomes were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This nonrandomized clinical trial found that individualized prognostic counseling with an online prognostic model was associated with improvements in decisional conflict and decisional regret and promoted a more active and shared decision-making role among patients with head a
重要性:头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)的治疗涉及复杂的决策,需要在优化预后和保持生活质量之间取得平衡。然而,个性化预后咨询在决策过程中的作用尚不为人所知。目的:评估个体化预后咨询与原发性HNSCC患者决策过程的关系。设计、环境和参与者:该前瞻性非随机临床试验在一个学术三级转诊中心进行。2014年1月至2018年8月(队列1,标准)和2019年10月至2022年1月(队列2,干预)招募了符合根治性治疗条件的新诊断原发性HNSCC患者。数据分析时间为2023年1月至8月。干预:队列1接受治疗医师的标准咨询,而队列2通过在线预测模型接受额外的个性化预后咨询。两组均分为小喉部鳞状细胞癌(SLSCC)组和其他HNSCC组。主要结果和测量:主要结果是决策冲突,使用决策冲突量表测量。次要结果包括在决策中的感知角色(控制偏好量表)、决策后悔、治疗选择和生活质量。结果:共纳入458例患者(队列1 258例,队列2 200例;平均[SD]年龄66.1[8.8]岁;男性79%(458例中有362例)。在SLSCC (Cohen d = 0.19; 95% CI, -0.10至0.49)和其他HNSCC组(Cohen d = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.10-0.58)进行个体化预后咨询后,决策冲突较低。在其他HNSCC患者中,最大和最精确的效应量出现在决策冲突量表的知情、价值观清晰度和支持分量表中。在个体化咨询后3 - 6个月,决定后悔的比例较低(队列2中位数,5)。0-20]和队列1中位数,20 [IQR, 1-29];SLSCC的秩-双列r = 0.15;队列2中位数,10 [IQR]。0-20]和队列1中位数,20 [IQR, 10-25];其他HNSCC的秩双列r = 0.29),表明有小到中度的改善。这些差异在12个月时最小。在其他HNSCC组中观察到个性化咨询与更积极或共同决策角色之间的关联(Cramer V = 0.21)。未发现生活质量结果的相关差异。结论和相关性:这项非随机临床试验发现,使用在线预后模型的个性化预后咨询与决策冲突和决策后悔的改善有关,并促进头颈癌患者更积极和共同的决策角色。研究结果表明,将个性化预后信息整合到常规会诊中可以提高患者参与度,加强共同决策,并减少复杂治疗选择的不确定性。试验注册:荷兰试验注册:NTR4106。
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引用次数: 0
A Patient With Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenomas. 复发性多形性腺瘤1例。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4777
Justis J Freeley, Alex W Yang, Nancy Judd
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Trial Termination or Withdrawal in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 头颈部鳞状细胞癌的临床试验终止或退出。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4766
Janice J Huang, Alex S Reznik, Stephen Sonis, Elizabeth J Franzmann, Alessandro Villa

Importance: Innovative clinical trials (CTs) are needed to address the rising incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite adequate trial initiation, HNSCC CTs experience high failure rates, and the factors driving these trends remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the characteristics associated with failure (termination or withdrawal) in CTs for the treatment of HNSCC.

Design and setting: HNSCC CTs were identified on ClinicalTrials.gov from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2024, and trial failures were defined as early termination or withdrawal. Trial characteristics were compared between failed CTs and completed CT controls. Data were analyzed from June to August 2025.

Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was trial failure. The association between failure and CT characteristics, including phase, enrollment, funding source, intervention type, and age-eligibility criteria, was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models.

Results: A total of 692 matched trials were analyzed, including 346 trial failures and 346 completed control trials. The overall leading reasons for failure were strategic decisions (defined as nonscientific, sponsor-driven choices; 102 trials [29.5%]) and poor recruitment (90 trials [26.0%]). The reasons for failure varied by trial characteristics. Strategic decisions were the predominant reason for failure in phase 1 trials, industry-sponsored trials, and immunotherapy and targeted therapy trials. In contrast, poor recruitment was a more common reason in later-phase trials, non-industry-sponsored trials, and trials investigating chemotherapy, radiation, chemoradiation, combination treatments, and supportive care. Temporal analysis revealed a growing failure rate among CTs since 2000. Increased log-transformed actual enrollment safeguarded against trial failure, whereas industry funding was an independent risk factor.

Conclusions and relevance: In this study, HNSCC CTs were terminated early or withdrawn for a variety of reasons, most commonly due to strategic decisions or poor recruitment. Careful attention to trial characteristics associated with early failure is needed to overcome new barriers to drug development and adapt trial design to common reasons for failure.

重要性:需要创新的临床试验(ct)来解决头颈部鳞状细胞癌(HNSCC)发病率上升的问题。尽管进行了充分的试验,但HNSCC ct的失败率很高,导致这种趋势的因素尚不清楚。目的:评估ct治疗HNSCC失败(终止或退出)的相关特征。设计和背景:从2000年1月1日至2024年12月31日,在ClinicalTrials.gov网站上确定了HNSCC ct,试验失败被定义为提前终止或退出。比较失败CT组和完成CT组的试验特征。数据分析时间为2025年6月至8月。主要结局和指标:主要结局为试验失败。使用描述性统计和多变量回归模型分析失败与CT特征(包括阶段、入组、资金来源、干预类型和年龄资格标准)之间的关系。结果:共分析692个匹配试验,其中失败试验346个,完成对照试验346个。总体而言,失败的主要原因是战略决策(定义为非科学的、赞助商驱动的选择;102项试验[29.5%])和招募不良(90项试验[26.0%])。试验失败的原因因试验特点而异。战略决策是导致i期试验、行业赞助试验、免疫治疗和靶向治疗试验失败的主要原因。相比之下,在后期试验、非行业赞助的试验以及研究化疗、放疗、放化疗、联合治疗和支持性护理的试验中,招募不良是更常见的原因。时间分析显示,自2000年以来,ct的失败率不断上升。增加对数转换的实际注册人数可以防止试验失败,而行业资金是一个独立的风险因素。结论和相关性:在本研究中,HNSCC ct由于各种原因被提前终止或撤回,最常见的是由于战略决策或招募不当。需要仔细关注与早期失败相关的试验特征,以克服药物开发的新障碍,并使试验设计适应失败的常见原因。
{"title":"Clinical Trial Termination or Withdrawal in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Janice J Huang, Alex S Reznik, Stephen Sonis, Elizabeth J Franzmann, Alessandro Villa","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4766","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Innovative clinical trials (CTs) are needed to address the rising incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite adequate trial initiation, HNSCC CTs experience high failure rates, and the factors driving these trends remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the characteristics associated with failure (termination or withdrawal) in CTs for the treatment of HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>HNSCC CTs were identified on ClinicalTrials.gov from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2024, and trial failures were defined as early termination or withdrawal. Trial characteristics were compared between failed CTs and completed CT controls. Data were analyzed from June to August 2025.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was trial failure. The association between failure and CT characteristics, including phase, enrollment, funding source, intervention type, and age-eligibility criteria, was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 692 matched trials were analyzed, including 346 trial failures and 346 completed control trials. The overall leading reasons for failure were strategic decisions (defined as nonscientific, sponsor-driven choices; 102 trials [29.5%]) and poor recruitment (90 trials [26.0%]). The reasons for failure varied by trial characteristics. Strategic decisions were the predominant reason for failure in phase 1 trials, industry-sponsored trials, and immunotherapy and targeted therapy trials. In contrast, poor recruitment was a more common reason in later-phase trials, non-industry-sponsored trials, and trials investigating chemotherapy, radiation, chemoradiation, combination treatments, and supportive care. Temporal analysis revealed a growing failure rate among CTs since 2000. Increased log-transformed actual enrollment safeguarded against trial failure, whereas industry funding was an independent risk factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study, HNSCC CTs were terminated early or withdrawn for a variety of reasons, most commonly due to strategic decisions or poor recruitment. Careful attention to trial characteristics associated with early failure is needed to overcome new barriers to drug development and adapt trial design to common reasons for failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12761761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145889326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gingival Swelling and Frequent Epistaxis in an Older Woman. 老年妇女牙龈肿胀和频繁鼻出血。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3587
Giuseppe Colella, Ciro Emiliano Boschetti, Nicola Cirillo
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引用次数: 0
Balloon Sinus Dilation Use. 使用球囊扩张鼻窦。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4024
Matthew P Sáenz, Nyssa Fox Farrell, Alexander Romashko, Kristine A Smith, Dorina Kallogjeri, Jay F Piccirillo
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引用次数: 0
A 13-Year-Old Male With Parotid Region Mass. 13岁男性腮腺区肿块。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3895
Rong-Hui Xia, Jia-Jun Qian, Jiang Li
{"title":"A 13-Year-Old Male With Parotid Region Mass.","authors":"Rong-Hui Xia, Jia-Jun Qian, Jiang Li","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3895","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":"93-94"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145504475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Woman Presenting With Calvarial Mass. 女性出现头颅肿块。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3474
Carine Tamamian, Jingjing Hu, Theresa Guo
{"title":"Woman Presenting With Calvarial Mass.","authors":"Carine Tamamian, Jingjing Hu, Theresa Guo","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3474","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoto.2025.3474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":"83-84"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145345241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Practice Patterns for 6-Sinus Balloon Sinus Dilation. 6窦球囊扩张术的实践模式评价。
IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2025.4017
Kristine A Smith, Nyssa Fox Farrell, Alexander Romashko, Dorina Kallogjeri, Matthew P Sáenz, Jay F Piccirillo

Importance: Balloon sinus dilation (BSD) is a tool for treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis or recurrent acute rhinosinusitis. The use of BSD has increased exponentially since its introduction, with concerns for potential misuse. Expert consensus reports that most patients who are candidates for BSD do not need to have all 6 sinuses dilated (bilateral frontal, maxillary, and sphenoid).

Objective: To determine the percentage of patients who are undergoing 6-sinus BSD, evaluate factors associated with this practice, and explore outlier practice patterns when performing 6-sinus BSD.

Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional, retrospective review of a Medicare claims database from January 2022 to December 2023 included otolaryngologists (US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services code 04) who performed at least 11 BSDs during the study period, who were defined as high-volume BSD clinicians (>10 BSDs per year). Data were analyzed in July 2024.

Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome defined before data collection as the percentage of patients billed for 6-sinus BSD. Physician variables were explored for potential association with 6-sinus BSD.

Results: Of the 522 otolaryngologists (mean [SD] age, 52 [9.3] years), most physicians were male (489 [94%]), practiced in a group setting (428 [82%]), and were in an urban environment (474 [91%]). A total of 21 290 unique BSD procedures were performed, and 12 799 procedures (60%) involved all 6 sinuses. Of the 522 otolaryngologists, 40 (8%) performed 6-sinus BSD in 100% of their BSD procedures, while 54 (10%) performed no 6-sinus BSDs. Practice patterns varied substantially, with 8 physicians (2%) responsible for 10% of 6-sinus BSDs (n = 2152).

Conclusions and relevance: The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the high volume of 6-sinus BSD suggests the potential for overuse of BSD. Substantial variations in care emphasize the need for clear guidelines and indications for multisinus BSD to optimize the utilization and value of BSD.

重要性:球囊鼻窦炎扩张术(BSD)是治疗慢性鼻窦炎或复发性急性鼻窦炎的一种工具。由于担心潜在的误用,BSD的使用自引入以来呈指数级增长。专家一致报告,大多数BSD候选患者不需要扩张所有6个鼻窦(双侧额窦、上颌窦和蝶窦)。目的:确定接受6窦BSD的患者的百分比,评估与这种做法相关的因素,并探讨在进行6窦BSD时的异常做法模式。设计、设置和参与者:对2022年1月至2023年12月的医疗保险索赔数据库进行横断面、回顾性审查,包括耳鼻喉科医生(美国医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心代码04),这些医生在研究期间至少进行了11次BSD,他们被定义为高容量BSD临床医生(每年10次BSD)。数据分析于2024年7月进行。主要结局和测量:数据收集前的主要结局定义为6窦性BSD患者的百分比。探讨医师变量与6-窦性BSD的潜在关联。结果:522名耳鼻喉科医生(平均[SD]年龄52[9.3]岁)中,大多数医生为男性(489[94%]),在群体环境中执业(428[82%]),在城市环境中执业(474[91%])。总共进行了21 290例独特的BSD手术,12 799例(60%)涉及所有6个鼻窦。在522名耳鼻喉科医生中,40名(8%)在100%的BSD手术中进行了6-鼻窦BSD,而54名(10%)没有进行6-鼻窦BSD。执业模式差异很大,8名医生(2%)负责6例窦性bsd的10% (n = 2152)。结论和相关性:这项横断面研究的结果表明,6窦BSD的高容量表明BSD有过度使用的可能性。在护理方面的大量变化强调需要明确的多窦BSD指南和适应症,以优化BSD的利用和价值。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
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