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Patient-Reported Distress in Individuals With Head and Neck Cancer. 头颈癌患者报告的痛苦。
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4357
Melissa C White, Cheyenne Corbett, Trinitia Y Cannon, Tammara L Watts, Rong Jiang, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Distress is common among patients with cancer, and evidence of disparities associated with distress has been mixed. Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most emotionally distressing cancers and is also a highly disparate disease. However, it is unknown whether there are disparities associated with patient-reported distress in HNC.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine racial and sociodemographic factors associated with clinically meaningful distress in a cohort of patients with HNC.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from a single tertiary institution at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in the Southeastern US. Participants included adult patients from January 2017 to December 2022 with confirmed diagnoses of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who received radiation therapy up to 5 weeks from initial diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The outcome of interest was clinically meaningful distress (score of at least 4 on the distress thermometer). The distress thermometer is a single-item, self-reported tool used to measure a person's level of psychological distress over the past week, represented on a scale from 0 (no distress) to 10 (extreme distress). Patients were included in the study if they had visits with clinicians in the radiation oncology department within 5 weeks of diagnosis. Sociodemographic factors were race and ethnicity, age, sex, marital status, and health insurance status. Clinical variables (stage of presentation, anatomical subsites, smoking, and alcohol history) and problem list domain items were included in the adjusted model. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, odds of meaningful distress by sociodemographic factors were estimated, adjusting for clinical factors and problem list domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 507 patients met the inclusion criteria. The study population included 389 male patients (76.7%). The median (IQR) age of participants was 63 (56-71) years, with a racial distribution of 89 Black patients (17.6%), 385 White patients (75.9%), and 33 patients of other categories (6.9%), including Asian, Native American, multiracial, declined to respond, and unknown. Overall, 232 patients (45.8%) had meaningful distress. The median (IQR) DT score for the entire cohort was 3 (0-6). Black patients had the highest rate of physical concerns (n = 31 [34.8%]) compared to the other racial groups (78 White patients [20.3%] and 7 persons of other race [21.2%]). However, in the final multivariable model, race was not significantly associated with clinically meaningful distress (Black compared with White: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.76 [95% CI, 0.45-1.28]; other compared with White: aOR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.37-1.94]). Compared to those married, unmarried patients were significantly more likely to report distress (aOR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1
重要性:痛苦在癌症患者中很常见,与痛苦相关的差异证据是混合的。头颈癌(HNC)是最令人痛苦的癌症之一,也是一种高度不同的疾病。然而,尚不清楚在HNC中是否存在与患者报告的窘迫相关的差异。目的:研究HNC患者队列中与临床意义窘迫相关的种族和社会人口学因素。设计、环境和参与者:本回顾性队列研究分析了来自美国东南部国家癌症研究所指定的综合癌症中心的一所高等院校的数据。参与者包括2017年1月至2022年12月确诊为头颈部鳞状细胞癌的成年患者,他们在初次诊断后接受放射治疗长达5周。主要结局和测量:感兴趣的结局是临床有意义的痛苦(在痛苦温度计上得分至少为4)。压力温度计是一种单项自我报告的工具,用于测量一个人过去一周的心理压力水平,范围从0(无压力)到10(极度压力)。如果患者在诊断后5周内与放射肿瘤科的临床医生进行了访问,则将其纳入研究。社会人口因素包括种族和民族、年龄、性别、婚姻状况和健康保险状况。临床变量(表现阶段、解剖亚位、吸烟和酗酒史)和问题列表域项目被纳入调整后的模型。使用多变量逻辑回归分析,估计社会人口因素造成有意义的痛苦的几率,调整临床因素和问题列表域。结果:507例患者符合纳入标准。研究人群包括389例男性患者(76.7%)。参与者的中位(IQR)年龄为63(56-71)岁,种族分布为89名黑人患者(17.6%),385名白人患者(75.9%),33名其他类别患者(6.9%),包括亚洲人,印第安人,多种族,拒绝回应和未知。总的来说,232名患者(45.8%)有意义的痛苦。整个队列的中位(IQR) DT评分为3(0-6)。黑人患者的身体问题发生率最高(n = 31[34.8%]),而其他种族(78名白人患者[20.3%]和7名其他种族患者[21.2%])。然而,在最后的多变量模型中,种族与临床意义上的痛苦没有显著相关(黑人与白人相比:调整优势比[aOR], 0.76 [95% CI, 0.45-1.28];other与White比较:aOR为0.85 [95% CI, 0.37-1.94])。与已婚患者相比,未婚患者更有可能报告痛苦(aOR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.05-2.50])。此外,有情绪问题的患者报告有临床意义的痛苦的几率是其他患者的两倍(aOR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.02-4.08])。其他与显著临床困扰相关的因素包括吸烟(aOR, 2.14 [95% CI, 1.02-4.50])和报告的实际问题(aOR, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.17-3.69])。结论和相关性:独立于种族或社会人口因素,这项回顾性队列研究的结果强调了社会和情感支持在减轻患者痛苦和优化精神卫生保健方面的必要性。进一步的研究应该探索整个HNC连续体的痛苦轨迹及其对HNC结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Firm Gingival Enlargement in the Anterior Maxilla. 上颌前部坚固的牙龈增生
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4012
Michael Schiappa, Molly Housley Smith, Nicholas F Callahan
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引用次数: 0
Clarification Regarding the Association of Cannabis Use and Head and Neck Cancer. 关于大麻使用与头颈癌关系的澄清。
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4168
Joseph Katz
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引用次数: 0
Lobectomy vs Total Thyroidectomy With Ipsilateral Lateral Neck Dissection for N1b Intermediate-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. N1b中危甲状腺乳头状癌的甲状腺叶切除术与全甲状腺切除术加同侧颈部切除术的比较
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3860
Yoshiyuki Saito, Kenichi Matsuzu, Amr H Abdelhamid Ahmed, Kosuke Inoue, Hiroshi Shibuya, Ai Matsui, Yoko Kuga, Reiko Ono, Kana Yoshioka, Chie Masaki, Junko Akaishi, Kiyomi Y Hames, Ritsuko Okamura, Chisato Tomoda, Akifumi Suzuki, Wataru Kitagawa, Mitsuji Nagahama, Kiminori Sugino, Hiroshi Takami, Gregory W Randolph, Koichi Ito
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The management of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), particularly in cases with clinically apparent lateral neck lymph node metastasis (cN1b), remains an area of debate. The surgical options for PTC, including total thyroidectomy and lobectomy, have distinct impacts on patients' outcomes and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare survival and recurrence outcomes between patients who underwent a lobectomy plus ipsilateral lateral neck dissection (LND) and those who underwent a total thyroidectomy plus ipsilateral LND for intermediate-risk cN1b PTC with both primary tumors and lymph node metastases in the ipsilateral neck region.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Ito Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Patients who underwent surgery for PTC between January 2005 and December 2012 were included, and those with high-risk PTCs and concurrent other thyroid cancers were excluded. Data were analyzed from April to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Lobectomy plus LND vs total thyroidectomy plus LND.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>An inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were performed to compare the patients' overall survival, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and modified RFS (which considered the potential need for a future contralateral lobectomy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 401 included patients, 317 (79.1%) were female, and the median (IQR) age was 47 (36-59) years. A total of 157 patients underwent lobectomy plus ipsilateral LND and 244 underwent total thyroidectomy plus ipsilateral LND. The median (IQR) follow-up time was 13.0 (11.2-15.0) years. The IPTW-adjusted overall survival rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 98.0% (95% CI, 93.9-99.3), 97.5% (95% CI, 93.2-99.1), and 96.8% (95% CI, 92.2-98.7), respectively, for the lobectomy group vs 99.4% (95% CI, 97.0-99.9), 97.4% (95% CI, 94.4-98.8), and 96.9% (95% CI, 93.3-98.5), respectively, for the total thyroidectomy group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.10; 95% CI, 0.35-3.47). The IPTW-adjusted RFS rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 93.8% (95% CI, 88.5-96.7), 88.4% (95% CI, 82.0-92.6), and 84.1% (95% CI, 76.8-89.3), respectively, for the lobectomy group vs 95.4% (95% CI, 91.8-97.4), 92.9% (95% CI, 88.8-95.5), and 87.8% (95% CI, 80.8-92.4), respectively, for the total thyroidectomy group (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.79-2.54). The IPTW-adjusted modified RFS rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 96.7% (95% CI, 92.2-98.6), 93.8% (95% CI, 88.5-96.7), and 88.9% (95% CI, 82.4-93.1), respectively, for the lobectomy group vs 95.4% (95% CI, 91.8-97.4), 92.9% (95% CI, 88.8-95.5), and 87.8% (95% CI, 80.8-92.4), respectively, for the total thyroidectomy group (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.49-1.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study, for these selected intermediate-risk cN1b P
重要性:甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的治疗,尤其是临床上有明显颈侧淋巴结转移(cN1b)的病例,仍然是一个争论不休的领域。PTC的手术方案,包括甲状腺全切除术和甲状腺叶切除术,对患者的预后和生活质量有着不同的影响:目的:比较接受甲状腺叶切除术加同侧颈部外侧清扫术(LND)和甲状腺全切除术加同侧LND的中危cN1b PTC同侧颈部原发肿瘤和淋巴结转移患者的生存率和复发率:这项回顾性队列研究在日本东京伊藤医院进行。研究纳入了2005年1月至2012年12月期间接受PTC手术的患者,并排除了高危PTC患者和同时患有其他甲状腺癌的患者。数据分析时间为2024年4月至8月:主要结果和测量指标:对患者的总生存期、无复发生存期(RFS)和改良RFS(考虑了未来对侧肺叶切除术的潜在需求)进行了逆治疗概率加权(IPTW)调整后的卡普兰-梅耶分析和考克斯比例危险回归分析:在纳入的 401 例患者中,317 例(79.1%)为女性,中位(IQR)年龄为 47(36-59)岁。共有157名患者接受了甲状腺叶切除术加同侧LND,244名患者接受了甲状腺全切除术加同侧LND。随访时间中位数(IQR)为13.0(11.2-15.0)年。经IPTW调整的5年、10年和15年总生存率分别为98.0%(95% CI,93.9-99.3)、97.5%(95% CI,93.2-99.1)和96.8%(95% CI,92.2-98.7)。4%(95% CI,97.0-99.9)、97.4%(95% CI,94.4-98.8)和96.9%(95% CI,93.3-98.5)(危险比[HR],1.10;95% CI,0.35-3.47)。经IPTW调整的5年、10年和15年RFS率分别为93.8%(95% CI,88.5-96.7)、88.4%(95% CI,82.0-92.6)和84.1%(95% CI,76.8-89.3)。4%(95% CI,91.8-97.4)、92.9%(95% CI,88.8-95.5)和87.8%(95% CI,80.8-92.4)(HR,1.41;95% CI,0.79-2.54)。经IPTW调整的5年、10年和15年改良RFS率分别为96.7%(95% CI,92.2-98.6)、93.8%(95% CI,88.5-96.7)和88.9%(95% CI,82.4-93.1)。4%(95% CI,91.8-97.4)、92.9%(95% CI,88.8-95.5)和87.8%(95% CI,80.8-92.4)(HR,0.93;95% CI,0.49-1.76):在这项研究中,对于这些选定的中危 cN1b PTC 病例,甲状腺全切除术和甲状腺叶切除术在预后和复发方面的效果相当。这些数据可能有助于为未来的指南修订提供信息,并支持患者及其临床医生共同做出决策。
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引用次数: 0
Symptoms, Quality of Life, and Executive Function in Children Who Snore. 儿童打鼾的症状、生活质量和执行功能
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4373
Phoebe K Yu, Kaitlyn Cook, Ignacio E Tapia, Kristie R Ross, Sally Ibrahim, Raouf Amin, Stacey L Ishman, Fauziya Hassan, Ronald D Chervin, Christopher Liu, Ron B Mitchell, Laura Stone, H Gerry Taylor, Jerilynn Radcliffe, Susan Redline, Cristina M Baldassari

Introduction: Mild sleep-disordered breathing (mSDB) in children is associated with both neurobehavioral morbidity and reduced quality of life (QOL). However, the association between symptom burden and QOL with executive function is not well understood, and it is not known whether QOL and symptom burden may help identify children with neurocognitive dysfunction.

Objective: To assess associations among executive function, QOL, and symptom burden in children with mSDB.

Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis of the multicenter Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy Trial for Snoring, which included children aged 3 to 12 years randomized to watchful waiting or adenotonsillectomy for mSDB (snoring and an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index <3) between June 29, 2016, and February 1, 2021. The data for this report were analyzed between December 22, 2020, and October 3, 2024.

Exposure: Pediatric mSDB.

Main outcomes and measures: Quality of life was assessed using the Obstructive Sleep Apnea-18 (OSA-18), and symptom burden was assessed using the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire-Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder Scale (PSQ-SRBD). Executive function, including self-control and working memory, was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Global Executive Composite (BRIEF GEC), and inhibitory control and sustained attention were measured by the GoNoGo vigilance test. Partial Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression models were used to assess the associations among QOL, symptoms, and executive function.

Results: The sample included 459 children (mean [SD] age, 6.1 [2.3] years; 230 female [50.1%]). Moderate correlations were found between the BRIEF GEC and the PSQ-SRBD and OSA-18 (r = 0.58 [95% CI, 0.51-0.64] and 0.59 [95% CI, 0.52-0.64], respectively). After adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, body mass index percentile, household income, maternal education, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, test characteristics, and disease severity, both OSA-18 and PSQ-SRBD scores were associated with the BRIEF GEC (β = 0.41 [95% CI, 0.36-0.47] and 3.66 [95% CI, 3.17-4.15], respectively). In the fully adjusted model, PSQ-SRBD was also associated with GoNoGo inhibitory control (β = -0.04 [95% CI, -0.08 to -0.01]) and sustained attention (β = -0.05 [95% CI, -0.10 to -0.01]).

Conclusions and relevance: In this study, disease-specific QOL and symptom burden were associated with executive function in children with mSDB. These findings may be useful in identifying those children who are at risk for neurocognitive dysfunction.

儿童轻度睡眠呼吸障碍(mSDB)与神经行为发病率和生活质量(QOL)降低有关。然而,症状负担和生活质量与执行功能之间的关系尚不清楚,尚不清楚生活质量和症状负担是否有助于识别神经认知功能障碍儿童。目的:探讨mSDB患儿执行功能、生活质量与症状负担的关系。设计、环境和参与者:本横断面研究是对多中心儿童打鼾腺扁桃体切除术试验的二次分析,该试验包括3至12岁的儿童,随机分为观察等待或腺扁桃体切除术治疗mSDB(打鼾和阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数)。主要结局和测量方法:使用阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停-18 (OSA-18)评估生活质量,使用儿童睡眠问卷-睡眠相关呼吸障碍量表(PSQ-SRBD)评估症状负担。执行功能包括自我控制和工作记忆,采用执行功能全球执行复合行为评定量表(BRIEF GEC)测量,抑制控制和持续注意采用GoNoGo警觉性测试测量。采用偏Pearson相关和多元线性回归模型评估生活质量、症状和执行功能之间的关系。结果:纳入459例儿童,平均[SD]年龄6.1[2.3]岁;230名女性[50.1%])。BRIEF GEC与PSQ-SRBD和OSA-18存在中度相关性(r分别为0.58 [95% CI, 0.51-0.64]和0.59 [95% CI, 0.52-0.64])。在调整了年龄、性别、种族和民族、体重指数百分位数、家庭收入、母亲教育程度、注意缺陷/多动障碍、测试特征和疾病严重程度后,OSA-18和PSQ-SRBD评分与BRIEF GEC相关(β = 0.41 [95% CI, 0.36-0.47]和3.66 [95% CI, 3.17-4.15])。在完全调整后的模型中,PSQ-SRBD还与GoNoGo抑制控制(β = -0.04 [95% CI, -0.08至-0.01])和持续注意力(β = -0.05 [95% CI, -0.10至-0.01])相关。结论及意义:在本研究中,疾病特异性生活质量和症状负担与mSDB患儿的执行功能相关。这些发现可能有助于识别那些有神经认知功能障碍风险的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Clarification Regarding the Association of Cannabis Use and Head and Neck Cancer. 关于大麻使用与头颈癌关系的澄清。
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4165
Donald P Tashkin
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引用次数: 0
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 免疫检查点抑制剂治疗头颈部鳞状细胞癌
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3966
Hui-Chin Chang, Shuo-Yan Gau
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引用次数: 0
Misinformation and Readability of Social Media Content on Pediatric Ankyloglossia and Other Oral Ties. 儿童强直性咬合和其他口头联系的社交媒体内容的错误信息和可读性。
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.4211
Lindsay Booth, Abdullah Aldaihani, Jacob Davidson, Claire Wilson, Claire Lawlor, Paul Hong, M Elise Graham

Importance: Diagnosis of pediatric ankyloglossia and other oral ties is increasing in part due to social media, leading to more frenotomies and excess medicalization of often normal anatomy.

Objective: To assess the accuracy and readability of social media content on pediatric ankyloglossia and other oral ties.

Design, setting, and participants: In this cross-sectional study, the top 200 posts on an image-based social media platform tagged with #tonguetie, #liptie, or #buccaltie were collected using a de novo account on March 27, 2023. Post metadata and caption and content text were extracted.

Main outcomes and measures: Misinformation was judged by a 30-point scoring sheet based on clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus that was developed by 3 fellowship-trained pediatric otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook scales. Quality was scored using the JAMA Benchmark Criteria.

Results: After removing duplicates and irrelevant content, 71 unique posts from 68 unique accounts were included in the analysis. Business and practice accounts made up most of the account types (60 [84.5%]) compared with individual and personal accounts (11 [15.5%]). Most accounts (49 [69.0%]) were run by individuals who self-identified as health care practitioners, and 21 posts (29.6%) originated from accounts of individuals who self-identified as International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLCs). On average, the content corresponded to a ninth-grade reading level per Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level. Quality of posts as rated by the JAMA Benchmark Criteria corresponded to a median score of 3.0 (IQR, 2.0-4.0). Of the 71 posts, only 8 (11.3%) contained no misinformation. There was a significant difference in misinformation prevalence between accounts run by IBCLCs vs non-IBCLCs, with posts from IBCLCs less likely to contain over 50% misinformation (odds ratio, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.81), compared with posts from non-IBCLCs.

Conclusions and relevance: This study found a high frequency of misinformation in social media content on ankyloglossia. Most content was generated by self-identified health care practitioners but not physicians. Furthermore, the grade level of the content reviewed was above that recommended for the public. As the public increasingly looks to social media for medical information, health care practitioners should correct medical misinformation.

重要性:儿童强直性咬合和其他口腔联系的诊断正在增加,部分原因是社交媒体,导致更多的舌骨切开术和对通常正常解剖的过度医疗化。目的:评价社交媒体内容对小儿强直性咬合及其他口腔关系的准确性和可读性。设计、设置和参与者:在这项横断面研究中,使用一个新账户收集了2023年3月27日在一个以图片为基础的社交媒体平台上标记为# tongutie、#liptie或#buccaltie的前200条帖子。提取帖子元数据、标题和内容文本。主要结果和措施:根据临床实践指南和专家共识,由3名接受过奖学金培训的儿科耳鼻喉科-头颈外科医生制定的30分计分表来判断错误信息。可读性采用Flesch- kinkaid等级水平、Flesch阅读难度和简单测量的官样书量表进行评估。使用JAMA基准标准对质量进行评分。结果:在删除重复和不相关内容后,68个独立账户的71个独立帖子被纳入分析。商业和执业账户占比最高(60个[84.5%]),个人和个人账户占比最高(11个[15.5%])。大多数账户(49个[69.0%])由自认为是卫生保健从业人员的个人运营,21个帖子(29.6%)来自自认为是国际委员会认证哺乳顾问(ibclc)的个人账户。平均而言,内容对应于每个flesch - kinkaid年级的九年级阅读水平。根据JAMA基准标准评价的帖子质量对应的中位数得分为3.0 (IQR, 2.0-4.0)。在71篇帖子中,只有8篇(11.3%)没有错误信息。ibclc账户与非ibclc账户之间的错误信息流行率存在显著差异,来自ibclc的帖子不太可能包含超过50%的错误信息(优势比,0.22;95% CI, 0.06-0.81),与非ibclc的帖子相比。结论和相关性:本研究发现,社交媒体内容中关于强直性咬合的错误信息频率很高。大多数内容是由自我认定的卫生保健从业人员而不是医生生成的。此外,审查内容的等级水平高于公众建议的等级。随着公众越来越多地从社交媒体上获取医疗信息,医疗从业人员应该纠正医疗错误信息。
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引用次数: 0
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Transoral Robotic Surgery for Human Papillomavirus-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer. 人乳头瘤病毒相关口咽癌的新辅助化疗和经口机器人手术
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3303
Nader Sadeghi, Thavakumar Subramaniam, Keith Richardson, Marco Mascarella, Anthony Zeitouni, George Shenouda, Khalil Sultanem, Alex Mlynarek, Derin Caglar, Khashayar Esfahani, Arjun Joshi, Robert Siegel, Joseph Goodman, Punam Thakkar, Esther Lee, Nahid Golabi, Agnihotram V Ramanakumar, Michael Hier, Nathaniel Bouganim
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Distant metastasis (DM) remains the leading cause of death in patients treated for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). An effective treatment strategy needs to address DM while reducing treatment-related toxic effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess DM-free survival in patients with HPV-OPSCC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by transoral robotic surgery (NECTORS) and neck dissection compared with standard of care, concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study compares prospective data from the NECTORS treatment group with a historical cohort of patients treated with CCRT. Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition stage III and IVa HPV-OPSCC treated with NECTORS and CCRT between February 2010 and September 2021 were included. Data were analyzed in September 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Patients in the NECTORS arm were treated with 3 cycles of neoadjuvant docetaxel and cisplatin followed by TORS and neck dissection. Patients in the radiation therapy arm were treated with concurrent high-dose cisplatin and radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>DM-free survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression after adjusting for age, sex, tobacco and alcohol use, site, and cancer stage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 342 included patients, 282 (82.5%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 61.4 (9.4) years. A total of 232 patients were treated with CCRT and 110 patients were treated with NECTORS. Within the CCRT arm, 11 patients (4.7%) had locoregional recurrence (LRR), 5 (2.2%) had LRR and DM, and 28 (12.1%) developed distant-only metastasis. For patients treated with NECTORS, 5 (4.5%) developed LRR, 1 (0.9%) developed LRR plus DM, and no patients developed distant-only metastasis. With pseudorandomization matching for T and N stages, 209 patients were matched between the 2 treatment groups for further analysis (105 in the CCRT treatment arm and 104 in the NECTORS arm). The median (range) follow-up period for the CCRT and NECTORS groups were 5.8 (3.8-7.5) years and 5.1 (4.0-5.9) years, respectively. The hazard ratio of developing distant recurrence in the CCRT group was 10.77 (95% CI, 1.40-82.90) in univariate analysis and 9.98 (95% CI, 1.29-77.29) in multivariable analysis. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the risk of developing DM was higher in the CCRT group. The hazard ratio for failure anywhere in the CCRT group was 3.32 (95% CI, 1.23-8.97) in univariate analysis and 3.21 (95% CI, 1.18-8.72) in multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection was an effective treatment option for patients with stage III and IVa HPV-OPSCC. Findings from our study suggest lower rates of
重要性:在接受人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)相关口咽鳞状细胞癌(OPSCC)治疗的患者中,远处转移(DM)仍然是死亡的主要原因。有效的治疗策略需要解决糖尿病,同时减少治疗相关的毒性作用。目的:比较新辅助化疗后经口机器人手术(NECTORS)和颈部清扫治疗的HPV-OPSCC患者与标准护理同步放化疗(CCRT)的无dm生存率。设计、环境和参与者:这项多中心回顾性队列研究比较了NECTORS治疗组与CCRT治疗的历史队列患者的前瞻性数据。2010年2月至2021年9月期间,美国癌症联合委员会第七版III期和IVa期HPV-OPSCC患者接受了nector和CCRT治疗。数据分析于2024年9月进行。暴露:NECTORS组患者接受3个周期的新辅助多西他赛和顺铂治疗,随后进行TORS和颈部清扫。放疗组患者同时接受高剂量顺铂和放疗。主要结局和测量指标:在调整年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒、部位和癌症分期后,采用Kaplan-Meier和Cox回归分析无dm生存。结果:342例患者中,282例(82.5%)为男性,平均(SD)年龄为61.4(9.4)岁。共有232例患者接受CCRT治疗,110例患者接受nector治疗。在CCRT组中,11例(4.7%)有局部复发(LRR), 5例(2.2%)有LRR和DM, 28例(12.1%)仅发生远处转移。在接受NECTORS治疗的患者中,5例(4.5%)发生LRR, 1例(0.9%)发生LRR合并DM,没有患者发生远处转移。通过T期和N期的伪随机匹配,209例患者在两个治疗组之间进行匹配以进一步分析(CCRT治疗组105例,NECTORS治疗组104例)。CCRT组和NECTORS组的中位(范围)随访期分别为5.8(3.8-7.5)年和5.1(4.0-5.9)年。CCRT组发生远处复发的风险比单因素分析为10.77 (95% CI, 1.40 ~ 82.90),多因素分析为9.98 (95% CI, 1.29 ~ 77.29)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,CCRT组发生糖尿病的风险更高。CCRT组任何地方失败的风险比在单因素分析中为3.32 (95% CI, 1.23-8.97),在多变量分析中为3.21 (95% CI, 1.18-8.72)。结论及相关性:在本研究中,新辅助化疗后经口机器人手术和颈部清扫是III期和IVa期HPV-OPSCC患者的有效治疗选择。我们的研究结果表明,较低的糖尿病发生率值得在前瞻性随机试验中进一步研究。
{"title":"Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Transoral Robotic Surgery for Human Papillomavirus-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer.","authors":"Nader Sadeghi, Thavakumar Subramaniam, Keith Richardson, Marco Mascarella, Anthony Zeitouni, George Shenouda, Khalil Sultanem, Alex Mlynarek, Derin Caglar, Khashayar Esfahani, Arjun Joshi, Robert Siegel, Joseph Goodman, Punam Thakkar, Esther Lee, Nahid Golabi, Agnihotram V Ramanakumar, Michael Hier, Nathaniel Bouganim","doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3303","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3303","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Distant metastasis (DM) remains the leading cause of death in patients treated for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). An effective treatment strategy needs to address DM while reducing treatment-related toxic effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess DM-free survival in patients with HPV-OPSCC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by transoral robotic surgery (NECTORS) and neck dissection compared with standard of care, concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;This multicenter retrospective cohort study compares prospective data from the NECTORS treatment group with a historical cohort of patients treated with CCRT. Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition stage III and IVa HPV-OPSCC treated with NECTORS and CCRT between February 2010 and September 2021 were included. Data were analyzed in September 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposures: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients in the NECTORS arm were treated with 3 cycles of neoadjuvant docetaxel and cisplatin followed by TORS and neck dissection. Patients in the radiation therapy arm were treated with concurrent high-dose cisplatin and radiotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;DM-free survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression after adjusting for age, sex, tobacco and alcohol use, site, and cancer stage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 342 included patients, 282 (82.5%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 61.4 (9.4) years. A total of 232 patients were treated with CCRT and 110 patients were treated with NECTORS. Within the CCRT arm, 11 patients (4.7%) had locoregional recurrence (LRR), 5 (2.2%) had LRR and DM, and 28 (12.1%) developed distant-only metastasis. For patients treated with NECTORS, 5 (4.5%) developed LRR, 1 (0.9%) developed LRR plus DM, and no patients developed distant-only metastasis. With pseudorandomization matching for T and N stages, 209 patients were matched between the 2 treatment groups for further analysis (105 in the CCRT treatment arm and 104 in the NECTORS arm). The median (range) follow-up period for the CCRT and NECTORS groups were 5.8 (3.8-7.5) years and 5.1 (4.0-5.9) years, respectively. The hazard ratio of developing distant recurrence in the CCRT group was 10.77 (95% CI, 1.40-82.90) in univariate analysis and 9.98 (95% CI, 1.29-77.29) in multivariable analysis. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the risk of developing DM was higher in the CCRT group. The hazard ratio for failure anywhere in the CCRT group was 3.32 (95% CI, 1.23-8.97) in univariate analysis and 3.21 (95% CI, 1.18-8.72) in multivariable analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection was an effective treatment option for patients with stage III and IVa HPV-OPSCC. Findings from our study suggest lower rates of","PeriodicalId":14632,"journal":{"name":"JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hypothermia During Microsurgical Head and Neck Reconstruction and Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism. 显微外科头颈部重建术中的低温和静脉血栓栓塞的发生率。
IF 6 1区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.3964
Rakan Saadoun, David T Guerrero, Fuat Baris Bengur, Elizabeth A Moroni, Yusuf Surucu, Roy E Smith, Stephen A Esper, Steven L Whitehurst, Jamie Artman, Johannes A Veit, Mark Kubik, Shaum Sridharan, Mario G Solari

Importance: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe complication after microsurgical free tissue transfer (FTT) to the head and neck. Hypothermia during surgery is a modifiable risk factor, and avoiding it may reduce the postoperative VTE rate.

Objective: To assess the association between hypothermia (temperature <36 °C) and postoperative VTE and free flap pedicle thrombosis rates after head and neck reconstruction with FTT.

Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study in a tertiary academic referral center used prospective and retrospective database and medical record data collected for patients who underwent head and neck reconstruction with FTT between January 1, 2012, and August 31, 2023. Temperature over time was classified as normothermia (temperature ≥36 °C), hypothermia (<36 °C) for more than 30 minutes and less than 120 minutes, and hypothermia for 120 minutes or more.

Exposure: Venous thromboembolism.

Main outcomes and measures: The study outcomes were VTE events and thrombosis of the free flap pedicle that required revision surgery. Univariable and multivariable regressions were used to test the association between the outcomes and clinical factors.

Results: A total of 1078 patients (mean [SD] age, 61.3 [12.6] years; 724 males [67.2%]; mean [SD] Caprini score, 6.4 [2.1]) were included. The VTE and pedicle thrombosis rates were 3.2% (35 patients) and 2.2% (24 patients), respectively. In a multivariable model controlled for Caprini score and chemoprophylaxis, VTE was associated with hypothermia of more than 30 minutes and less than 120 minutes (odds ratio [OR], 3.82; 95% CI, 0.99-14.07) and hypothermia of 120 minutes or longer (OR, 3.55; 95% CI, 1.05-11.95). Free flap pedicle thrombosis was not associated with hypothermia (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.26-1.43).

Conclusions and relevance: These findings suggest that preventing hypothermia during microsurgical FTT to the head and neck may decrease the postoperative rate of VTE. Future studies should explore the optimal intraoperative body temperature range that may prevent the development of VTE without compromising patient safety.

重要性:静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)是头颈部显微手术游离组织移植(FTT)后的严重并发症。术中低温是一个可改变的危险因素,避免低温可降低术后静脉血栓栓塞发生率。目的:评估低温(温度设计、环境和参与者之间的关系:该回顾性队列研究在一家三级学术转诊中心进行,使用前瞻性和回顾性数据库以及2012年1月1日至2023年8月31日期间接受FTT头颈部重建术的患者的病历数据。温度随时间的变化分为体温正常(温度≥36°C)、体温过低(暴露:静脉血栓栓塞)。主要结果和措施:研究结果是静脉血栓栓塞事件和游离皮瓣蒂血栓形成,需要翻修手术。采用单变量和多变量回归来检验结果与临床因素之间的相关性。结果:共1078例患者(平均[SD]年龄61.3[12.6]岁;男性724人[67.2%];平均[SD] capriini评分,6.4[2.1])。静脉血栓形成率为3.2%(35例),椎弓根血栓形成率为2.2%(24例)。在一个由capriini评分和化学预防控制的多变量模型中,静脉血栓栓塞与超过30分钟和小于120分钟的低温相关(优势比[OR], 3.82;95% CI, 0.99-14.07)和120分钟或更长时间的低温(or, 3.55;95% ci, 1.05-11.95)。游离皮瓣蒂血栓形成与低温无相关性(OR, 0.61;95% ci, 0.26-1.43)。结论及意义:这些发现提示在显微外科头颈部FTT术中预防低温可降低VTE的发生率。未来的研究应探索最佳术中体温范围,以防止静脉血栓栓塞的发展,同时不影响患者的安全。
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引用次数: 0
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JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
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