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Biochemical effects of ethanolic extract from root bark of Salacia nitida L. benth in Plasmoduim berghei-malaria infected mice. 白檀根皮乙醇提取物对伯氏疟原虫感染小鼠的生化影响。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/AJPBP.20181114070448
B. Nwiloh, A. Uwakwe, J. Akaninwor
ABSTRACT Aim: This study is designed to evaluate the biochemical effects of ethanolic extract from root bark of Salacia nitida in Plasmodium berghei-malaria infected mice. Methods: Fresh roots of S. nitida were collected in April, 2016. Thirty P. berghei-infected mice divided into five groups of six mice per group were used for the study against six uninfected mice as control. 280, 430 and 580 mg/kg body weight/day of the ethanolic extract from root bark of Salacia nitida were given to P. berghei-malaria infected mice in groups B, C and D; 4 mg/kg body weight/day of artesunate given to P. berghei-malaria infected mice in group E, while P. berghei-malaria infected mice in group A and the normal mice in group F were given 4 ml/kg body weight/day of physiological saline for eight days. Levels of various biochemical indices in the malaria infected mice and percentage body weights were evaluated. Results: Results obtained show significant increase (P < 0.05) in total protein, albumin, globulin, and decrease in the levels bilirubin, cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were recorded in the malaria infected treated mice. Percentage change in body weights of malaria infected treated mice were also increased. Conclusion: Results obtained from this study suggest that ethanolic extract from S. nitida root bark is effective in treatment of malaria.
摘要:目的:研究硝酸菌根皮乙醇提取物对伯氏疟原虫感染小鼠的生化作用。方法:于2016年4月采集新鲜乳酸菌根。30只感染伯氏疟原虫的小鼠被分成5组,每组6只小鼠,6只未感染的小鼠作为对照。B、C、D组柏氏疟原虫感染小鼠分别给予280、430、580 mg/kg体重/ D;E组柏氏疟原虫感染小鼠给予青蒿琥酯4 mg/kg体重/天,A组柏氏疟原虫感染小鼠和F组正常小鼠给予生理盐水4 ml/kg体重/天,连续8天。对感染疟疾小鼠的各项生化指标水平和体重百分比进行了评价。结果:疟疾感染小鼠体内总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白水平均显著升高(P < 0.05),胆红素、胆固醇、甘油三酯、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶水平均显著降低(P < 0.05)。感染疟疾的治疗小鼠的体重变化百分比也有所增加。结论:乳螺菌根皮乙醇提取物对疟疾有较好的治疗作用。
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引用次数: 2
Comparison of rheumatoid factor of IgM, IgG and IgA isotypes with disease activity score 28 in patients of rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿关节炎患者IgM、IgG和IgA亚型类风湿因子与疾病活动性评分28分的比较
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajpbp.20181025040015
SanaZainab, M. Kashif, Romeeza Tahir, F. Shahzad, Aflak Rasheed, W. Latif, T. Mahmud, N. Afzal
Introduction/background: Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a widely used serological marker for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthriris (RA). RF can be detected in up to 70 to 80% of RA patients and it is associated with disease activity, bone erosion, and disease outcome. RF is an autoantibody targeting the 'fraction crystallizable' (Fc) region of IgG antibodies and exists as IgA, IgG and IgM isotypes. The objective of this study was to compare the RF isotypes IgM, IgG and IgA with disease activity score 28 in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study, which included 83 RA patients. Blood samples of the patients were collected from the Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore. The levels of different isotypes of RF i.e. IgM, IgG and IgA were determined by ELISA technique. Data was analysed by SPSS 20.0. Results: RF, IgM, IgG, and IgA isotype, was detected in 83%, 10%, and 40% of RA patients respectively. RF istoypes were compared with DAS28. There was no significant association between DAS 28 and RF IgM [Odd ratio (CI)] [0.5(0.07-3.18)], RF IgG [3.0(0.27-32.20)] and RF IgA [0.4(0.43-0.13)]. Disease duration was also compared with RF isotypes but no significant association found. There was no significant association between disease duration and RF IgM [Odd ratio (CI)] [1.4(0.46-4.86)], RF IgG [1.6(0.50-5.0)] and RF IgA [1.1(0.53-2.7)]. Conclusion: All the isotypes of RF were detected in RA patients. As a screening method for rheumatoid arthritis the IgM-RF is superior to other RF isotypes. RF titer may be valueable in estimation of disease activity and other inflammatory parameters in RA patients.
简介/背景:类风湿因子(Rheumatoid factor, RF)是一种广泛应用于类风湿关节炎(RA)诊断的血清学标志物。RF可在多达70%至80%的RA患者中检测到,并且与疾病活动性、骨侵蚀和疾病结局相关。RF是一种针对IgG抗体“分数结晶”(Fc)区的自身抗体,存在IgA、IgG和IgM同型。本研究的目的是比较类风湿关节炎患者的RF同型IgM、IgG和IgA与疾病活动性评分28。材料和方法:这是一项描述性研究,纳入83例RA患者。患者的血液样本是从拉合尔谢赫扎耶德医院风湿病科收集的。ELISA法检测不同亚型的IgM、IgG、IgA水平。数据采用SPSS 20.0进行分析。结果:RA患者中分别有83%、10%和40%检测到RF、IgM、IgG和IgA同型。将RF型与DAS28进行比较。DAS 28与RF IgM[奇比(CI)][0.5(0.07-3.18)]、RF IgG[3.0(0.27-32.20)]、RF IgA[0.4(0.43-0.13)]无显著相关性。病程也与RF同型比较,但未发现显著相关性。病程与RF IgM[奇比(CI)][1.4(0.46 ~ 4.86)]、RF IgG[1.6(0.50 ~ 5.0)]、RF IgA[1.1(0.53 ~ 2.7)]无显著相关性。结论:在RA患者中检测到RF的所有同型。作为类风湿关节炎的筛查方法,IgM-RF优于其他RF同型。射频滴度在估计RA患者的疾病活动性和其他炎症参数方面可能有价值。
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引用次数: 0
Anti-inflammatory property and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of ethyl acetate fraction of Crateva adansonii DC leaves 山楂叶乙酸乙酯部位的抗炎特性及气相色谱-质谱分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajpbp.20181226090820
Chineye C. Umeti, F. Onajobi, E. M. Oboutor, G. Anyasor, E. Esan
Aims: This study was designed to determine the most active anti-inflammatory fraction of C. adansonii leaves and characterize the bioactive compounds. Methods: Dried and pulverized C. adansonii leaves (CAL) were extracted with 70% methanol, followed by successive solvent partitioning into hexane (CALH), ethyl acetate (CALE), butanol (CALB) and aqueous (CALA) leaf fractions. In vitro antioxidant assays carried out on the extract/fractions were DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide scavenging, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenol (TP) and flavonoid (TF) assays. In vitro anti-inflammatory assays investigated were heat-induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation and human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization against hypotonicity- induced hemolysis. Formaldehyde-induced inflammation model in rats was carried out, followed by paw edema measurement as well as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities assays. The ethyl acetate (CALE) fraction was subjected to GC-MS analytical method. Results: CAL extract and fractions substantially inhibited BSA denaturation and stabilized HRBC membrane against hypotonicity-induced hemolysis, however CALE exhibited the highest activity. CALE also suppressed formaldehyde-induced rat paw edema and significantly (p
目的:测定缬草叶中抗炎活性最强的部位,并对其活性成分进行表征。方法:用70%甲醇提取干燥、粉碎的丹参叶(CAL),并依次溶剂分解为己烷(CALH)、乙酸乙酯(CALE)、丁醇(CALB)和水相(CALA)。体外抗氧化测定:DPPH、过氧化氢、铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)、一氧化氮清除能力、总抗氧化能力(TAC)、总酚(TP)和类黄酮(TF)。体外抗炎实验研究了热诱导牛血清白蛋白(BSA)变性和人红细胞(HRBC)膜稳定对低渗性溶血的影响。建立大鼠甲醛致炎症模型,测定足跖水肿,测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性。采用气相色谱-质谱法分析乙酸乙酯(CALE)组分。结果:CAL提取物和组分显著抑制BSA变性,稳定HRBC膜抗低渗性溶血,但CAL的活性最高。CALE还能抑制甲醛诱导的大鼠足跖水肿,并显著(p
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引用次数: 1
Crude ethanolic extract and fractions of buchholzia coriacea modifies salivary secretion and electrolyte compositions in rat 茯苓粗乙醇提取物及组分对大鼠唾液分泌及电解质成分的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajpbp.20190411102349
O. Odukanmi, A. Salami, M. Isa, S. Olaleye
Background: Extract of Buchholzia coriacea (BC) has been reported for its potent antimalarial effect. Unlike certain established antimalarial drugs reported for their roles in modifying saliva flow and components, BC effect on saliva is unknown. The effect of BC on saliva flow and its components was investigated. Materials and Methods: Thirty Male Wistar rats 150.7 ± 13.3 g were used for the study. They were grouped into six (n=5) and treated with the various component of BC extract for 2 weeks. Group 1 (control) received distilled water, groups 2-6 received 200 mg/kg of the oily portion of the extract, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg of the crude extract, 200 mg/kg absolute ethanol and 200 mg/kg aqueous ethanol fractions of BC respectively. Body weight, salivary flow rate, electrolyte compositions and morphological changes were determined using standard methods. Values were expressed as Mean ± standard error of mean, compared, analysed and considered significant at p
背景:鹿茸提取物(Buchholzia coriacea, BC)因其有效的抗疟作用而被报道。与某些已知的抗疟疾药物不同,它们的作用是改变唾液流动和成分,BC对唾液的影响尚不清楚。研究了BC对唾液流动及其成分的影响。材料与方法:选用150.7±13.3 g雄性Wistar大鼠30只。他们被分成6组(n=5),用BC提取物的不同成分治疗2周。组1(对照组)分别给予200 mg/kg油提取物、100 mg/kg粗提取物、200 mg/kg无水乙醇和200 mg/kg乙醇提取物。采用标准方法测定大鼠体重、唾液流速、电解质组成及形态学变化。值表示为平均值±平均值的标准误差,比较,分析并认为p显著
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引用次数: 0
Self-reported Hormonal Changes-associated with Fried Potato Chip Consumption among Female University Students in Saudi Arabia, Makkah: A cross section Study 沙特阿拉伯麦加女大学生自我报告的荷尔蒙变化与油炸薯片消费相关:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajpbp.20190217075702
A. Alansari
Background: Increased consumption of fried potatoes among university female students is obviously noticed in recent years. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the pattern of consumption of potato chips (PC) by the university female students and its effect on their self-reported hormonal reproductive status. Subjects and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on university female students in Home Science Education Department, Umm al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia over a six months’ period starting from January 2018 till July 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was electronically distributed to all students in the department. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS). Significance was considered at p
背景:近年来,大学生中油炸土豆的消费量明显增加。目的:本研究旨在了解女大学生薯片的消费模式及其对她们自我报告的激素生殖状况的影响。对象与方法:本横断面研究于2018年1月至2018年7月对沙特阿拉伯麦加乌姆库拉大学家庭科学教育系的女大学生进行了为期6个月的研究。一份自行填写的调查问卷以电子方式分发给系里的所有学生。数据采用SPSS统计软件进行分析。p
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引用次数: 0
Contribution of storage conditions of antibiotics in pharmacies on efficacy loss of Amoxicillin and Tetracycline against strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the city of Lome. 洛美市药店抗生素储存条件对阿莫西林和四环素对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌药效丧失的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajpbp.20190323032932
Judith Abla Estelle Gnamey, Banfitebiyi Gambogou, Messanh Kangni Dossou, K. Anani, Y. Ameyapoh
Background The resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is now a public health issue. The causes of such resistance are multiple and some are related to non-compliance with recommended doses of antibiotics. The storage conditions of antibiotics can have an impact on their effectiveness. Indeed, at a temperature above 30 ° C and a relative humidity above 60%, pharmaceutical presentations of antibiotics may lose their doses. The goal of our study was to evaluate the existence of a correlation between failures of antibiotic therapy and poor conservation of marketed antibiotics in the city of Lome. Methods We had prospected 5 pharmacies in the city of Lome and have collected in each 4 pharmaceutical presentations of antibiotics.These antibiotics are Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol. Also, we isolated in two private laboratories in the city of Lome, 5 hospital strains of these following bacteria: Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Alkalescens-Dispar, Klebsiella pneumonia and two strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Reference strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were used for analysis control.We carried out a prospective investigation and an analysis of the effectiveness of the antibiotics by the method of diffusion in agar medium. Results The survey results showed that all pharmacies surveyed had an ambient temperature above what is recommended. In vitro analysis of the efficacy of Amoxicillin on hospital strains of Escherichia coli revealed some resistances. Also, the in - vitro analysis of the Tetracycline on reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was found to be ineffective. Conclusion The storage conditions of these antibiotics, especially the temperature of their conservation, could be responsible of the loss of their effectiveness. It is possible that, in the city of Lome, some resistances of bacteria to marketed antibiotics are due to inappropriate conservation conditions of these products.
细菌对抗生素的耐药性现已成为一个公共卫生问题。这种耐药性的原因是多方面的,其中一些与不遵守推荐剂量的抗生素有关。抗生素的储存条件会影响其有效性。事实上,在温度高于30°C和相对湿度高于60%的情况下,抗生素的药物外观可能会失去其剂量。我们研究的目的是评估洛美市抗生素治疗失败与市场上销售的抗生素保存不良之间是否存在相关性。方法对洛美市5家药店进行调查,每4家药店收集抗菌药物。这些抗生素是阿莫西林、环丙沙星、四环素和氯霉素。此外,我们在洛美市的两个私人实验室中分离出以下5株医院细菌:大肠杆菌、碱性-差性大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和两株金黄色葡萄球菌。以肺炎克雷伯菌ATCC 13883、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923和铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 27853作为对照。我们采用琼脂培养基扩散法对抗生素的有效性进行了前瞻性调查和分析。结果调查结果显示,所有受访药房的环境温度均高于推荐标准。体外分析阿莫西林对医院大肠杆菌的疗效,发现有耐药性。此外,四环素对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923参比菌株的体外分析也发现无效。结论抗菌药物的保存条件,尤其是保存温度可能是其药效丧失的主要原因。在洛美市,一些细菌对市售抗生素产生耐药性可能是由于这些产品的保存条件不适当。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic leaf extracts of Portulaca oleracea Linn. (Purslane) on male reproductive parameters in albino rats 马齿苋叶提取物的亲脂和亲水作用。马齿苋对白化大鼠雄性生殖参数的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/AJPBP.20190124101830
V. Obinna, H. Kagbo, G. O. Agu
Objectives: To supply scientific information / literature on the use of P.oleracea in enhancing fertility in males; either to validate or to refute this folkloric use. This study investigated the effect of the lipophilic and hydrophilic leaf extracts of Portulaca oleracea on male reproductive parameters. Methods: The extracts were obtained using two extracting solvents – chloroform and 80% aqueous methanol in succession. Experimental animals were randomly divided into 7 groups of 16 rats each. Group A (control) received 0.5ml 20% Tween 80 (vehicle), groups B, C and D received 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of the lipophilic extract respectively and E, F and G received 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of the hydrophilic extract respectively for 60 days. On days 14, 28, 42 and 60; four rats from each group were weighed and anaesthetized for sample collection. Blood (for testosterone), testes (weight and histomorphology) and sperm cells from caudal epididymis (for semen analysis) were collected. Results: Both extracts had no significant (p>0.05) effect on testicular weight and histomorphology, and sperm cell characteristics but caused a significant (p
目的:为利用马鞭草提高男性生育能力提供科学信息/文献;要么证实,要么反驳这种民间用法。研究马齿苋亲水性和亲脂性叶提取物对雄性生殖参数的影响。方法:分别用氯仿和80%甲醇水溶液进行提取。实验动物随机分为7组,每组16只大鼠。A组(对照组)给予20% Tween 80 0.5ml(对照),B、C、D组分别给予125、250、500 mg/kg亲脂提取物,E、F、G组分别给予125、250、500 mg/kg亲水提取物,疗程60 D。第14、28、42、60天;每组取4只大鼠称重,麻醉后取标本。采集血液(睾酮)、睾丸(重量和组织形态学)和尾侧附睾精子细胞(精液分析)。结果:两种提取物对大鼠睾丸重量、组织形态及精子细胞特征均无显著影响(p < 0.05)
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引用次数: 8
期刊
American Journal of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology
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