Welcome to ICST 2005, the First International Conference on Sensing Technology. When the idea of having this conference was first conceived, we set off with a modest target of assembling around 50 researchers, mainly from Australasia, to share ideas and research findings on sensors and sensing technology, a topic which attracts huge attention from a vast community of researchers. We are pleasantly surprised with the large number of paper submissions and attendees from around the globe. People of 19 nationalities will participate in this conference; 70% of the attendees are from outside New Zealand.
{"title":"Message from the Technical Program Chair","authors":"B. Ramamurthy","doi":"10.1109/QSHINE.2005.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSHINE.2005.33","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to ICST 2005, the First International Conference on Sensing Technology. When the idea of having this conference was first conceived, we set off with a modest target of assembling around 50 researchers, mainly from Australasia, to share ideas and research findings on sensors and sensing technology, a topic which attracts huge attention from a vast community of researchers. We are pleasantly surprised with the large number of paper submissions and attendees from around the globe. People of 19 nationalities will participate in this conference; 70% of the attendees are from outside New Zealand.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131934758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00091
Hong-Jun Hu, Rui Yin, Shanshan Wang, Yuanyuan Sun, Guanglu Wu, B. Zhao, Jianhua Li, Haoyin Ding, Lu Cao, Lin Yu
The grid impedance is widely recognized as the key factor to the stability of the grid-tied power electronic devices. However, the influence of the grid impedance ratio is always neglected due to the assumption that grid reactance is much large than grid resistance. In this paper, it is found that the grid impedance has a different impact on the stability with the reduction of grid impedance ratio. A large grid resistant can improve the stability of the grid-tied VSC due to that the grid resistance can increase the magnitude margin of the grid-tied VSC open-loop SISO transfer functions. Simulations are carried on Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed analysis.
{"title":"Grid Impedance Impact Analysis of the Weak Grid-Tied VSC","authors":"Hong-Jun Hu, Rui Yin, Shanshan Wang, Yuanyuan Sun, Guanglu Wu, B. Zhao, Jianhua Li, Haoyin Ding, Lu Cao, Lin Yu","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00091","url":null,"abstract":"The grid impedance is widely recognized as the key factor to the stability of the grid-tied power electronic devices. However, the influence of the grid impedance ratio is always neglected due to the assumption that grid reactance is much large than grid resistance. In this paper, it is found that the grid impedance has a different impact on the stability with the reduction of grid impedance ratio. A large grid resistant can improve the stability of the grid-tied VSC due to that the grid resistance can increase the magnitude margin of the grid-tied VSC open-loop SISO transfer functions. Simulations are carried on Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed analysis.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115404574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00030
A. A. Hamad, Ibrahim Alkadi, Faisal Aloufi
This paper presents the developed sustainable model of NEOM city which is part of 2030 Saudi Arabia vision. The city which is located in the northwest of Saudi Arabia is planning to construct a power system that will shift the dependence on fossil fuels and achieve 100% renewable energy to energize the city and also provide clean energy for the country. The location is considered as one of the wealthiest natural resources in the region of solar energy and wind energy. NEOM's objective is to be a self-sustainable city and a center of renewable carbon-free energy. The paper consists of modeling solar panels and wind turbines technologies including nuclear power plant and simulations of the interconnected systems to achieve sustainable, reliable and resilient system. The modeling of the energy systems is performed by Vensim software considering different scenarios and power outages to provide an insight into the entire system's behavior and to ensure optimum sustainability. Moreover, the system will emphasize several variables that influence the structure of the system such as population, climate, and demand growth in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors.
{"title":"Renewable Energy Mix of Futuristic NEOM City","authors":"A. A. Hamad, Ibrahim Alkadi, Faisal Aloufi","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the developed sustainable model of NEOM city which is part of 2030 Saudi Arabia vision. The city which is located in the northwest of Saudi Arabia is planning to construct a power system that will shift the dependence on fossil fuels and achieve 100% renewable energy to energize the city and also provide clean energy for the country. The location is considered as one of the wealthiest natural resources in the region of solar energy and wind energy. NEOM's objective is to be a self-sustainable city and a center of renewable carbon-free energy. The paper consists of modeling solar panels and wind turbines technologies including nuclear power plant and simulations of the interconnected systems to achieve sustainable, reliable and resilient system. The modeling of the energy systems is performed by Vensim software considering different scenarios and power outages to provide an insight into the entire system's behavior and to ensure optimum sustainability. Moreover, the system will emphasize several variables that influence the structure of the system such as population, climate, and demand growth in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123265588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00039
M. Blonsky, Prateek Munankarmi, S. Balamurugan
Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to drastically increase residential electricity consumption and could provide a significant source of flexible demand. Aggregating smart EV charge controllers with other smart home devices through a home energy management system can lead to more optimal outcomes that benefit homeowners, utilities, and grid operators. Control strategies should consider occupant convenience by accounting for the need for fully charged EVs near the EV departure time. In this paper, we develop an EV charging framework that accounts for occupant convenience using OCHRE, a residential energy model, and foresee, a home energy management system. We simulate a community with high EV penetration and show that integrated, smart EV charging reduces peak demand and smooths night-time energy consumption. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy nearly eliminates peak period EV charging and reduces the daily peak demand from EVs by 23%.
{"title":"Incorporating Residential Smart Electric Vehicle Charging in Home Energy Management Systems","authors":"M. Blonsky, Prateek Munankarmi, S. Balamurugan","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00039","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to drastically increase residential electricity consumption and could provide a significant source of flexible demand. Aggregating smart EV charge controllers with other smart home devices through a home energy management system can lead to more optimal outcomes that benefit homeowners, utilities, and grid operators. Control strategies should consider occupant convenience by accounting for the need for fully charged EVs near the EV departure time. In this paper, we develop an EV charging framework that accounts for occupant convenience using OCHRE, a residential energy model, and foresee, a home energy management system. We simulate a community with high EV penetration and show that integrated, smart EV charging reduces peak demand and smooths night-time energy consumption. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy nearly eliminates peak period EV charging and reduces the daily peak demand from EVs by 23%.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123563056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00066
H. K. Morales-Paredes, Claudio Burgos-Mellado, J. Bonaldo, Diego T. Rodrigues, Juan Sebastian Gomez Quintero
This paper proposes a consensus-based distributed control scheme, augmented by the conservative power theory for compensating imbalance and harmonics at the Common Connection Point (PCC). The consensus algorithm allows to achieve effective coordination among the grid-following converters; whereas the conservative power theory is used to compute the unwanted currents and powers at the connection point that should be compensated via the remaining volt-ampere (VA) capacity of each converter. The mathematical formulation of the proposal, along with its validation through simulations, using a three phase – four wire microgrid, is provided.
{"title":"Cooperative Control of Power Quality Compensators in Microgrids","authors":"H. K. Morales-Paredes, Claudio Burgos-Mellado, J. Bonaldo, Diego T. Rodrigues, Juan Sebastian Gomez Quintero","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00066","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a consensus-based distributed control scheme, augmented by the conservative power theory for compensating imbalance and harmonics at the Common Connection Point (PCC). The consensus algorithm allows to achieve effective coordination among the grid-following converters; whereas the conservative power theory is used to compute the unwanted currents and powers at the connection point that should be compensated via the remaining volt-ampere (VA) capacity of each converter. The mathematical formulation of the proposal, along with its validation through simulations, using a three phase – four wire microgrid, is provided.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128676594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00101
Amir Abbaszadeh Sori, M. Golsorkhtabaramiri, A. Sori
In the last few years, cryptocurrencies have found a special place in the free economy. In addition to the importance and economic features of cryptocurrencies, the technical perspective on this area is also significant. If we want to use cryptocurrencies in the future as a global technology with everyday use, then this field needs to be optimized. In addition to issues such as security, scalability, speed, etc., energy efficiency and sustainability should also be considered. In this paper, the proposed “green efficiency” characteristic is added to the quality model for the field of cryptocurrency. This characteristic consists of four units that have independent tasks, the overall process of which seeks to design an optimal quality model in terms of energy consumption in cryptocurrency. The central unit of this proposal is the G-ECC, which controls other units. The unit makes the final decision to reduce energy consumption and trade-offs between features by reviewing and evaluating reports received from other units. At the end of this article, the green efficiency of IOTA cryptocurrency is reviewed in the proposed model.
{"title":"Green Efficiency for Quality Models in the Field of Cryptocurrency; IOTA Green Efficiency","authors":"Amir Abbaszadeh Sori, M. Golsorkhtabaramiri, A. Sori","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00101","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, cryptocurrencies have found a special place in the free economy. In addition to the importance and economic features of cryptocurrencies, the technical perspective on this area is also significant. If we want to use cryptocurrencies in the future as a global technology with everyday use, then this field needs to be optimized. In addition to issues such as security, scalability, speed, etc., energy efficiency and sustainability should also be considered. In this paper, the proposed “green efficiency” characteristic is added to the quality model for the field of cryptocurrency. This characteristic consists of four units that have independent tasks, the overall process of which seeks to design an optimal quality model in terms of energy consumption in cryptocurrency. The central unit of this proposal is the G-ECC, which controls other units. The unit makes the final decision to reduce energy consumption and trade-offs between features by reviewing and evaluating reports received from other units. At the end of this article, the green efficiency of IOTA cryptocurrency is reviewed in the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134423312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00033
Benali Tifour, M. Boukhnifer, A. Hafaifa, C. Tanougast
In this paper, an energy management system based on Fuzzy Logic for a Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle is designed and embedded in the Advisor control library. Particle Swarm Optimization is used to find the best sizing and control parameters that maximize the fuel economy without affecting the vehicle performances. The Particle Swarm is also applied to the Powertrain Controller built-in the Simulator. Evaluation results show that the fuel economy and the efficiencies for the proposed model are improved compared with the default Powertrain Controller.
{"title":"An Optimal Fuzzy Logic Control for a Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Particle Swarm and Advisor","authors":"Benali Tifour, M. Boukhnifer, A. Hafaifa, C. Tanougast","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00033","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an energy management system based on Fuzzy Logic for a Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle is designed and embedded in the Advisor control library. Particle Swarm Optimization is used to find the best sizing and control parameters that maximize the fuel economy without affecting the vehicle performances. The Particle Swarm is also applied to the Powertrain Controller built-in the Simulator. Evaluation results show that the fuel economy and the efficiencies for the proposed model are improved compared with the default Powertrain Controller.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134317640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00024
Dajr Alfred, D. Czarkowski, Jiaxin Teng
This paper presents a novel reinforcement learning (RL) based discrete-time closed-loop control methodology for switch-mode, pulse-width-modulated (PWM) power electronic converters. This method of closed-loop optimal output regulation is achieved by utilizing measured data to approximate system dynamics, thus obviating the need for prior knowledge of system/plant dynamics. The underlying RL algorithm is then utilized to obtain the optimal feedback controller. The derived controller is obtained in a manner akin to that of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and involves the iterative solution of an algebraic Riccati equation (ARE). This closed-loop control methodology is implemented on both buck and boost converters and its robustness to load and line variation is tested. A Type-III compensator was also developed in order to compare its performance with that of the proposed controller. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and examine the limitations of the proposed control strategy.
{"title":"Model-Free Reinforcement-Learning-Based Control Methodology for Power Electronic Converters","authors":"Dajr Alfred, D. Czarkowski, Jiaxin Teng","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00024","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel reinforcement learning (RL) based discrete-time closed-loop control methodology for switch-mode, pulse-width-modulated (PWM) power electronic converters. This method of closed-loop optimal output regulation is achieved by utilizing measured data to approximate system dynamics, thus obviating the need for prior knowledge of system/plant dynamics. The underlying RL algorithm is then utilized to obtain the optimal feedback controller. The derived controller is obtained in a manner akin to that of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and involves the iterative solution of an algebraic Riccati equation (ARE). This closed-loop control methodology is implemented on both buck and boost converters and its robustness to load and line variation is tested. A Type-III compensator was also developed in order to compare its performance with that of the proposed controller. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and examine the limitations of the proposed control strategy.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133263478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00052
Ishtiaque Zaman, Miao He
The recent spike in microgeneration of renewable energy is demanding a smart, reliable, secured and efficient technology to enable Peer to Peer (P2P) energy trading. Due to the inherent characteristics, blockchain has been a preferred technology for realizing P2P energy trading. However, blockchain implementations for P2P energy trading so far are suffering from critical challenges such as security, privacy and scalability. In this paper, we introduce a P2P energy trading platform that leverages the popular blockchain technology and addresses these concerns. In particular, a multilayered semi-permissioned blockchain based platform along with a Quality of Transaction (QoT) module is proposed as a trading platform that can be used for transaction of energy. A two stage blockchain architecture, backed by QoT, ensures proper verification and validation of the participants and transactions. We present two use cases that demonstrate two different attack scenarios to highlight the resiliency of the proposed framework. Finally, a qualitative analysis shows the effectiveness of the system with respect to security, privacy and scalability.
{"title":"A Multilayered Semi-Permissioned Blockchain Based Platform for Peer to Peer Energy Trading","authors":"Ishtiaque Zaman, Miao He","doi":"10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00052","url":null,"abstract":"The recent spike in microgeneration of renewable energy is demanding a smart, reliable, secured and efficient technology to enable Peer to Peer (P2P) energy trading. Due to the inherent characteristics, blockchain has been a preferred technology for realizing P2P energy trading. However, blockchain implementations for P2P energy trading so far are suffering from critical challenges such as security, privacy and scalability. In this paper, we introduce a P2P energy trading platform that leverages the popular blockchain technology and addresses these concerns. In particular, a multilayered semi-permissioned blockchain based platform along with a Quality of Transaction (QoT) module is proposed as a trading platform that can be used for transaction of energy. A two stage blockchain architecture, backed by QoT, ensures proper verification and validation of the participants and transactions. We present two use cases that demonstrate two different attack scenarios to highlight the resiliency of the proposed framework. Finally, a qualitative analysis shows the effectiveness of the system with respect to security, privacy and scalability.","PeriodicalId":146759,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128837066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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