Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20240903.11
Abdulrahman Muabber, Asim Alharbi, Dedik Ermawan
This report highlights the best practices captured in the management of Tail-Gas Treatment Unit (TGTU)’s hydrogenation CoMo catalyst throughout its lifecycle, these best practices were developed based on success story in operating the TGTU, which provides technical framework to manage TGTU unit performance throughout TGTU catalyst lifecycle. The aforementioned TGTU CoMo catalyst management best practices span across the whole catalyst lifecycle, starting from cradle stage of activating/sulphiding the fresh oxide-form catalyst up to grave stage of unloading & handling the spent catalyst to a safe location. Furthermore, stressing points have been provided to record special procedure to activate catalyst’s active sites (Cobalt & Molybdenum) in a process commonly known as “sulphiding”, as well as “passivation” procedure during TGTU catalyst unloading due to the presence of pyrophoric material such as Iron Sulphide (FeS) in the TGTU converter. This developed best practices provide solid reference point for future TGTU catalyst management throughout its lifecycle. Therefore, it can be adopted and consistently applied across other TGTU-based Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) plants in order to maintain the optimum Sulfur Recovery Efficiency (SRE), minimize plant downtime due to catalyst replacement and prevent unwanted environmental issues such as SOx emissions).
{"title":"SRU TGTU Hydrogenation Catalyst Lifecycle Best Practices","authors":"Abdulrahman Muabber, Asim Alharbi, Dedik Ermawan","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20240903.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20240903.11","url":null,"abstract":"This report highlights the best practices captured in the management of Tail-Gas Treatment Unit (TGTU)’s hydrogenation CoMo catalyst throughout its lifecycle, these best practices were developed based on success story in operating the TGTU, which provides technical framework to manage TGTU unit performance throughout TGTU catalyst lifecycle. The aforementioned TGTU CoMo catalyst management best practices span across the whole catalyst lifecycle, starting from cradle stage of activating/sulphiding the fresh oxide-form catalyst up to grave stage of unloading & handling the spent catalyst to a safe location. Furthermore, stressing points have been provided to record special procedure to activate catalyst’s active sites (Cobalt & Molybdenum) in a process commonly known as “sulphiding”, as well as “passivation” procedure during TGTU catalyst unloading due to the presence of pyrophoric material such as Iron Sulphide (FeS) in the TGTU converter. This developed best practices provide solid reference point for future TGTU catalyst management throughout its lifecycle. Therefore, it can be adopted and consistently applied across other TGTU-based Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) plants in order to maintain the optimum Sulfur Recovery Efficiency (SRE), minimize plant downtime due to catalyst replacement and prevent unwanted environmental issues such as SO<sub>x</sub> emissions).\u0000","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141836250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.14
Ali Ramadan Ali, Mahamat Kher Nediguina, Adoum Kriga, M. Gouajio, Adoum Danao Adile, Fabien Kenmogne, A. M. Tahir
The comparative study of the solar powers between two main cities of Chad is performed in the present work, the city of Mongo in the Centre and that of Pala in the South, with an aim of knowing which one of the two cities is more adequate for an installation of the solar power station, taking into account the regional climatic and environmental conditions of both cities. To do this, the graphical statistical analysis of long-term solar irradiance data and temperature is performed. The data used is that of the decade (2010-2020), based on solar radiation data handed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PGIS) for Mongo in the centre and Pala in the south of Chad. The shape of the mean monthly irradiation has been plotted and has been approximated using the sinusoidal function through the mean square analysis. The temperature data has been also obtained by the same process and plotted versus irradiance in order to find the adequate mathematical relationship between them. For the statistical analysis, the maximum entropy principle has been used. As results, it is found that the maximum irradiance is obtained in March, which are 226.26kWh/m2 for Pala and 219.355kWh/m2 for Mongo, while the minimum irradiances are obtained in August, which are 151.67kWh/m2 for Pala and 158.9kWh/m2 for Mongo. The temperature data is also obtained and the mean monthly data plotted, showing that apart for the months of March and April, the the shapes of irradiation and temperatures are similar for both sites. Then it is found that the frequency and probability density distributions reach their maximum at the same dates.
{"title":"Mathematical Prediction of Electrical Solar Energy Based on Solar Data for Two Main Cities of Chad: Mongo in the Centre and Pala in the South of Chad","authors":"Ali Ramadan Ali, Mahamat Kher Nediguina, Adoum Kriga, M. Gouajio, Adoum Danao Adile, Fabien Kenmogne, A. M. Tahir","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.14","url":null,"abstract":"The comparative study of the solar powers between two main cities of Chad is performed in the present work, the city of Mongo in the Centre and that of Pala in the South, with an aim of knowing which one of the two cities is more adequate for an installation of the solar power station, taking into account the regional climatic and environmental conditions of both cities. To do this, the graphical statistical analysis of long-term solar irradiance data and temperature is performed. The data used is that of the decade (2010-2020), based on solar radiation data handed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PGIS) for Mongo in the centre and Pala in the south of Chad. The shape of the mean monthly irradiation has been plotted and has been approximated using the sinusoidal function through the mean square analysis. The temperature data has been also obtained by the same process and plotted versus irradiance in order to find the adequate mathematical relationship between them. For the statistical analysis, the maximum entropy principle has been used. As results, it is found that the maximum irradiance is obtained in March, which are 226.26kWh/m<sup>2</sup> for Pala and 219.355kWh/m<sup>2</sup> for Mongo, while the minimum irradiances are obtained in August, which are 151.67kWh/m<sup>2</sup> for Pala and 158.9kWh/m<sup>2</sup> for Mongo. The temperature data is also obtained and the mean monthly data plotted, showing that apart for the months of March and April, the the shapes of irradiation and temperatures are similar for both sites. Then it is found that the frequency and probability density distributions reach their maximum at the same dates.\u0000","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"1974 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.13
Yolande Djougo-Jantcheu, B. Ndongo, R. Njila, Kevin Nguedia Djatsa
The Yato physicochemical water purification station is located in Dibombari District Council in the Littoral-Cameroon region. It is one of the largest drinking water production stations in the Central African sub-region. This work aims to evaluate, through the quantification of the concentrations of Trace Metal Elements (TMEs), the polluting status of the sludge from this drinking water production station and their impacts on the soil. To achieve this objective, mixed samples of sludge from sludge treatment ponds (taken according to the technique described in GIDS-A003 point 6 as explained in the Solid and pasty waste sampling strategy of Code of Good Practice No. 2) and samples of sludge from primary settling basins (taken in transparent bottles in polyethylene terephthalate of 1.5L) were analysed. Likewise, three soil wells were carried out and soil samples were taken on two levels of alteration then sent to the laboratory where physicochemical and TME analyses were carried out. The characteristics of the samples that were analysed are: particle size, texture (sand, silt, clay), physiochemistry (pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, phosphorus, nitrogen) and TME (chromium, copper, zinc, manganese). The results obtained show that the polluting status of the sludge from the Yato station is proven because their pollution index by heavy metals is greater than 1. The pollution index greater than 1 in the sludge from the treatment basins is due to the strong concentrations of TME originating from the accumulation of waste of all kinds in this location. Overall, TME concentrations in soils decrease for the most part from the surface towards depth. All the TMEs studied (Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr) are present in all horizons. There is multiple contamination of sludge by TMEs because their pollution index is greater than 1 (IP>1). Although the sludge pollution indices are greater than 1, those of the different horizons are much lower than 1. Thus, since the TMEs decrease with depth, the subsurface horizons would be less affected by the pollutants contained in the station sludge. marking a real pollution of the surface layers.
{"title":"Assessment of the Polluting Status of Sludge from a Physicochemical Water Purification Unit and Their Impacts on the Soil: Case of the Yato Station (Littoral-Cameroon)","authors":"Yolande Djougo-Jantcheu, B. Ndongo, R. Njila, Kevin Nguedia Djatsa","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20240901.13","url":null,"abstract":"The Yato physicochemical water purification station is located in Dibombari District Council in the Littoral-Cameroon region. It is one of the largest drinking water production stations in the Central African sub-region. This work aims to evaluate, through the quantification of the concentrations of Trace Metal Elements (TMEs), the polluting status of the sludge from this drinking water production station and their impacts on the soil. To achieve this objective, mixed samples of sludge from sludge treatment ponds (taken according to the technique described in GIDS-A003 point 6 as explained in the Solid and pasty waste sampling strategy of Code of Good Practice No. 2) and samples of sludge from primary settling basins (taken in transparent bottles in polyethylene terephthalate of 1.5L) were analysed. Likewise, three soil wells were carried out and soil samples were taken on two levels of alteration then sent to the laboratory where physicochemical and TME analyses were carried out. The characteristics of the samples that were analysed are: particle size, texture (sand, silt, clay), physiochemistry (pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, phosphorus, nitrogen) and TME (chromium, copper, zinc, manganese). The results obtained show that the polluting status of the sludge from the Yato station is proven because their pollution index by heavy metals is greater than 1. The pollution index greater than 1 in the sludge from the treatment basins is due to the strong concentrations of TME originating from the accumulation of waste of all kinds in this location. Overall, TME concentrations in soils decrease for the most part from the surface towards depth. All the TMEs studied (Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr) are present in all horizons. There is multiple contamination of sludge by TMEs because their pollution index is greater than 1 (IP>1). Although the sludge pollution indices are greater than 1, those of the different horizons are much lower than 1. Thus, since the TMEs decrease with depth, the subsurface horizons would be less affected by the pollutants contained in the station sludge. marking a real pollution of the surface layers.","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jeece.20240901.11
Temesgen Soressa, T. Gebre-Egziabher
{"title":"Hydropower Dam-Based Rural Electrification in Ethiopia: The Case of Amerti-Nashe Hydropower Plant, Horo Guduru Wollega Zone","authors":"Temesgen Soressa, T. Gebre-Egziabher","doi":"10.11648/jeece.20240901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jeece.20240901.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"52 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139816499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jeece.20240901.11
Temesgen Soressa, T. Gebre-Egziabher
{"title":"Hydropower Dam-Based Rural Electrification in Ethiopia: The Case of Amerti-Nashe Hydropower Plant, Horo Guduru Wollega Zone","authors":"Temesgen Soressa, T. Gebre-Egziabher","doi":"10.11648/jeece.20240901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jeece.20240901.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139876398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230803.11
Nankwasa Crispuss, Ogene Fortunate
{"title":"Designing and Fabricating a Prototype Pyrolysis Batch Reactor for Recycling Plastic Waste Materials to Oil","authors":"Nankwasa Crispuss, Ogene Fortunate","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230803.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230803.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130631356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Use of Alligator Pepper Pods and Mango Peels Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitor on Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium","authors":"Azike Rowland Ugochukwu, Azuokwu Augustine Azubike, Odisu Teddy, Nikoro Oghenetejiri","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131762676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.12
Owhonda Juliet Nkeiru, Charles Ikenna Osu, Gordian Obute
{"title":"The Potentials of Reaction Parameters on <i>Rhynchophorus Phoenicis</i> Nano-Catalysts Based Biodiesel Production from Waste Material Feedstocks","authors":"Owhonda Juliet Nkeiru, Charles Ikenna Osu, Gordian Obute","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139369813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.11
Nam Il Kim, Kyong Chol Kim
: It is estimated that by 2050, global construction and demolition waste will almost double by 2025
据估计，到2050年，全球建筑和拆除垃圾到2025年将几乎翻一番
{"title":"A Framework to Develop and Improve Construction and Demolition Waste Management Through the Collaborative Action of Organizations, Governments, and Academia","authors":"Nam Il Kim, Kyong Chol Kim","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230802.11","url":null,"abstract":": It is estimated that by 2050, global construction and demolition waste will almost double by 2025","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125156882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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