Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.13
George Kirumba, G. Thumbi, J. Mwangi, J. Mbugua
{"title":"Analysis of the Sludge Settling Behavior of the Kibendera Waste Stabilization Ponds in Ruiru, Kenya","authors":"George Kirumba, G. Thumbi, J. Mwangi, J. Mbugua","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133453663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.12
Onche Emmanuel, Eneji Shaibu Ishaq, Wuana Ahule Raymond
{"title":"Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Plantain (<i>Musa paradisiacal</i>) and Banana (<i>Musa</i> <i>acuminata</i>) Obtained from Ogbadibo Local Government Area of Benue State","authors":"Onche Emmanuel, Eneji Shaibu Ishaq, Wuana Ahule Raymond","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126554136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.11
Baqe Sharu Doti, D. Nyaanga, S. Nyakach
{"title":"Designing, Developing and Testing of a Pyrolysis System: A Case Study of Biochar and Pyroligneous Acid","authors":"Baqe Sharu Doti, D. Nyaanga, S. Nyakach","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20230801.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117335236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.13
B. Doti, S. Nyakach, J. Nyaanga, O. Ingasia, D. Nyaanga
Biomass material is a renewable source of energy which are readily available and being produced in large quantities as most of it goes to waste. These materials can be recovered through pyrolysis process in order to produce usable products like biochar and pyroligneous acid. These products can be used as bio-fertilizer and bio-pesticides. The aim of this research was to optimize the selected pyrolysis parameters in pyroligneous acid production rate and quality from acacia twigs. The parameters varied were feedstock moisture content (10%, 15% and 20%), Pyrolysis residence time (90 minutes, 135 minutes and 180 minutes) and chimney inclination angle (30°, 45° and 60°). Smoke condensation system also known as heat exchanger was used for condensing the pyrolysis smoke in to pyroligneous acid. Response Surface Methodology technique by using Box-Behnken Design was used to develop a mathematical equation to predict the production rate and quality of the pyroligneous acid with respect to varied parameters which was later optimized to determine the optimal conditions for pyroligneous acid production rate and quality. The pyroligneous acid quality was based on its pH and density. The combined optimal conditions were 20% feedstock moisture content, 137.27 min pyrolysis residence time and 60° chimney inclination angle resulting to a density of 1.03 gcm-3, pH of 3.01 and production rate of 0.19 kg/min (26.08%). The mathematical equation developed had a composite desirability of 0.9663 for pyroligneous acid production rate at p-value ≤0.05 which made it viable. These research findings are of importance since pyrolysis of the biomass material will maintain a balance in the environment and also serve as a source of livelihood when the products are sold as bio-fertilizer or bio-pesticides.
{"title":"Optimization of Selected Pyrolysis Parameters in Pyroligneous Acid Production Rate and Quality from Acacia Twigs","authors":"B. Doti, S. Nyakach, J. Nyaanga, O. Ingasia, D. Nyaanga","doi":"10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.13","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass material is a renewable source of energy which are readily available and being produced in large quantities as most of it goes to waste. These materials can be recovered through pyrolysis process in order to produce usable products like biochar and pyroligneous acid. These products can be used as bio-fertilizer and bio-pesticides. The aim of this research was to optimize the selected pyrolysis parameters in pyroligneous acid production rate and quality from acacia twigs. The parameters varied were feedstock moisture content (10%, 15% and 20%), Pyrolysis residence time (90 minutes, 135 minutes and 180 minutes) and chimney inclination angle (30°, 45° and 60°). Smoke condensation system also known as heat exchanger was used for condensing the pyrolysis smoke in to pyroligneous acid. Response Surface Methodology technique by using Box-Behnken Design was used to develop a mathematical equation to predict the production rate and quality of the pyroligneous acid with respect to varied parameters which was later optimized to determine the optimal conditions for pyroligneous acid production rate and quality. The pyroligneous acid quality was based on its pH and density. The combined optimal conditions were 20% feedstock moisture content, 137.27 min pyrolysis residence time and 60° chimney inclination angle resulting to a density of 1.03 gcm-3, pH of 3.01 and production rate of 0.19 kg/min (26.08%). The mathematical equation developed had a composite desirability of 0.9663 for pyroligneous acid production rate at p-value ≤0.05 which made it viable. These research findings are of importance since pyrolysis of the biomass material will maintain a balance in the environment and also serve as a source of livelihood when the products are sold as bio-fertilizer or bio-pesticides.","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125868925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delta state is one of the petroleum-producing states in Nigeria where upstream and downstream exploration activities tend to pollute the environment. While soil and water pollution are regularly monitored, there is a dearth of information on the impact of exploration and related industries on air quality. This study investigated the levels of pollutant gases including ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and ammonia in ambient air samples selected cities (Warri, Ughelli, Sapele and Ugbenu) in Delta state, Nigeria. The concentration of the gases was determined using air sampling instruments equipped with appropriate sensors for selective to each gas. Meteorological parameters were also obtained concurrently during sampling. The results obtained showed that the average concentrations of SO2, H2S and NH3 were all below the National ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) and Federal ministry of environment (FMEnv) regulatory limits. However, the mean concentration of O3 and NO2 obtained exceeded the NAAQS and FMEnv regulatory limits of 0.007 ppm, 0.05 ppm and 0.04 ppm – 0.06 ppm respectively. Ugbenu, the control station did not record any value for the pollutant gases. This is as a result of non-availability of industrial activities that emit these pollutant gases in the area. There was a clear seasonal variation, with higher values recorded mostly in the dry season. The field data agreed with global model data on the pollutant gases. The information from this study provides information on the level of these pollutant gases and how the various industrial process may impact their concentration in this region.
{"title":"Assessment of Some Pollutant Gases in Selected Cities in Crude Oil-Rich Delta State Nigeria","authors":"Ifezue Obianuju Appolonia, Aiyesanmi Ademola Festus, Ogunjobi Kehinde, Sunday Oluwatoyin Michael","doi":"10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.12","url":null,"abstract":"Delta state is one of the petroleum-producing states in Nigeria where upstream and downstream exploration activities tend to pollute the environment. While soil and water pollution are regularly monitored, there is a dearth of information on the impact of exploration and related industries on air quality. This study investigated the levels of pollutant gases including ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and ammonia in ambient air samples selected cities (Warri, Ughelli, Sapele and Ugbenu) in Delta state, Nigeria. The concentration of the gases was determined using air sampling instruments equipped with appropriate sensors for selective to each gas. Meteorological parameters were also obtained concurrently during sampling. The results obtained showed that the average concentrations of SO2, H2S and NH3 were all below the National ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) and Federal ministry of environment (FMEnv) regulatory limits. However, the mean concentration of O3 and NO2 obtained exceeded the NAAQS and FMEnv regulatory limits of 0.007 ppm, 0.05 ppm and 0.04 ppm – 0.06 ppm respectively. Ugbenu, the control station did not record any value for the pollutant gases. This is as a result of non-availability of industrial activities that emit these pollutant gases in the area. There was a clear seasonal variation, with higher values recorded mostly in the dry season. The field data agreed with global model data on the pollutant gases. The information from this study provides information on the level of these pollutant gases and how the various industrial process may impact their concentration in this region.","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116528173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.11
Jiang-Peng Fu
The typical smelting wastewater is with characteristics of high concentration of TDS, conductivity, heavy metal ions, and low concentration of COD. The ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) is an attractive technology to reclaim and reuse this kind of wastewater. In this work, Coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) and multi-media filter (MMF) was used as the pretreatment processes. UF, RO and concentration RO (CRO) processes was applied as the advanced treatment processes to reclaim the smelting wastewater. To enlarge the recovery of RO and CRO units, the influences of increasing the feed temperature by waste heat from the smelting plant and the feed pressure by change the operating frequency of the high pressure pumps were investigated. The optimize operation parameters of RO and CRO units were obtained. To understand the operation CIP cycle time of UF, RO and CRO membrane units in a long term operation, the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and permeate flux difference were investigate. Good system operation stability, permeate flux recovery after CIP and qualified treated water were obtained in the recommend operation parameters. The results of this work can benefit to the designing of reclaiming the smelting wastewater by UF-RO-CRO approach within the Lead and Zinc smelting industrial application.
{"title":"Lead and Zinc Smelting Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation, Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis Technique","authors":"Jiang-Peng Fu","doi":"10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEECE.20210604.11","url":null,"abstract":"The typical smelting wastewater is with characteristics of high concentration of TDS, conductivity, heavy metal ions, and low concentration of COD. The ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) is an attractive technology to reclaim and reuse this kind of wastewater. In this work, Coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) and multi-media filter (MMF) was used as the pretreatment processes. UF, RO and concentration RO (CRO) processes was applied as the advanced treatment processes to reclaim the smelting wastewater. To enlarge the recovery of RO and CRO units, the influences of increasing the feed temperature by waste heat from the smelting plant and the feed pressure by change the operating frequency of the high pressure pumps were investigated. The optimize operation parameters of RO and CRO units were obtained. To understand the operation CIP cycle time of UF, RO and CRO membrane units in a long term operation, the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and permeate flux difference were investigate. Good system operation stability, permeate flux recovery after CIP and qualified treated water were obtained in the recommend operation parameters. The results of this work can benefit to the designing of reclaiming the smelting wastewater by UF-RO-CRO approach within the Lead and Zinc smelting industrial application.","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"1998 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117027592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.14
R. Jame, Omaymah Alaysuy, Noha Omer, Nada Mofadi Alatawi, Mawia Hassan Elsaim
{"title":"Production of Bio-methane Gas as Renewable Energy Source - A Review","authors":"R. Jame, Omaymah Alaysuy, Noha Omer, Nada Mofadi Alatawi, Mawia Hassan Elsaim","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123421050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.15
Hope Baxter Chamdimba, I. Omosa, Simon Mdondo Wandera
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Biomethanation of Urban Food Waste in Nairobi City County, Kenya","authors":"Hope Baxter Chamdimba, I. Omosa, Simon Mdondo Wandera","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20210604.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134068518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.12
Andualem Arka, P. Asaithambi, Seifu Kebede Debela
{"title":"Development of Solar Photo-Fenton Process for the Removal of Color, COD, and Turbidity from Institutional Wastewater","authors":"Andualem Arka, P. Asaithambi, Seifu Kebede Debela","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129784419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.13
Monyluak Makaj Yai Chol, Nicasio Maguu Muchuka, D. Nyaanga
{"title":"Effect of Cow Dung to Maize Silage Mix Ratios and Temperature Variation on Biogas Production in Laboratory Batch Digester","authors":"Monyluak Makaj Yai Chol, Nicasio Maguu Muchuka, D. Nyaanga","doi":"10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeece.20220702.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":146805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123897778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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