Pub Date : 2020-11-16DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-3-41-54
Y. Pogozhev, A. Potanin, S. Rupasov, E. Levashov, V. Volkova, V. Tashev, A. Timofeev
The paper focuses on obtaining a heterophase powdered and sintered ceramics based on hafnium diboride and silicon carbide by combined self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and hot pressing (HP). The structure of the synthesized SHS powder consists of hafnium diboride grains and agglomerated polyhedral 2–6 μm silicon carbide grains. The powders obtained had an average particle size of ~10 μm with a maximum value of 30 μm. Phase compositions were identical for the ceramics sintered by hot pressing and the synthesized powder. The resulting compact featured by a high degree of structural and chemical uniformity, porosity of 3.8 %, hardness of 19.8±0.4 GPa, strength of 597±59 MPa, and fracture toughness of 8.8±0.4 MPa·m1/2. Plasma torch testing (PTT) was carried out to determine the oxidation resistance under the influence of a high-enthalpy gas flow. The phase composition and surface microstructure of the compact after testing were investigated. The HP compact demonstrated an outstanding resistance to the high-temperature gas flow at 2150 °С and heat flow density of 5.6 MW/m2 for 300 s. A dense protective oxide layer 30–40 μm thick was formed on the surface of HfB2–SiC ceramics during the plasma torch testing. The layer consisted of a scaffold formed by HfO2 oxide grains with a space between them filled with SiO2–B2O3 amorphous borosilicate glass. The HfB2–SiC SHS composite powder was hot pressed to produce experimental samples of model bushings for the combustion chamber of a low thrust liquid rocket engine designed for PTT in the environment close to actual operating conditions.
{"title":"Structure, properties and oxidation resistance of prospective HfB2–SiC based ceramics","authors":"Y. Pogozhev, A. Potanin, S. Rupasov, E. Levashov, V. Volkova, V. Tashev, A. Timofeev","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-3-41-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-3-41-54","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on obtaining a heterophase powdered and sintered ceramics based on hafnium diboride and silicon carbide by combined self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and hot pressing (HP). The structure of the synthesized SHS powder consists of hafnium diboride grains and agglomerated polyhedral 2–6 μm silicon carbide grains. The powders obtained had an average particle size of ~10 μm with a maximum value of 30 μm. Phase compositions were identical for the ceramics sintered by hot pressing and the synthesized powder. The resulting compact featured by a high degree of structural and chemical uniformity, porosity of 3.8 %, hardness of 19.8±0.4 GPa, strength of 597±59 MPa, and fracture toughness of 8.8±0.4 MPa·m1/2. Plasma torch testing (PTT) was carried out to determine the oxidation resistance under the influence of a high-enthalpy gas flow. The phase composition and surface microstructure of the compact after testing were investigated. The HP compact demonstrated an outstanding resistance to the high-temperature gas flow at 2150 °С and heat flow density of 5.6 MW/m2 for 300 s. A dense protective oxide layer 30–40 μm thick was formed on the surface of HfB2–SiC ceramics during the plasma torch testing. The layer consisted of a scaffold formed by HfO2 oxide grains with a space between them filled with SiO2–B2O3 amorphous borosilicate glass. The HfB2–SiC SHS composite powder was hot pressed to produce experimental samples of model bushings for the combustion chamber of a low thrust liquid rocket engine designed for PTT in the environment close to actual operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74156671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-21-28
N. Radishevskaya, A. Nazarova, O. Lvov, N. Kasatsky
{"title":"Synthesis of inorganic cobalt-containing spinel pigments by SHS method","authors":"N. Radishevskaya, A. Nazarova, O. Lvov, N. Kasatsky","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72568373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-15DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-4-13
A. Krokhalev, V. Kharlamov, S. V. Kuz’min, V. Lysak
The paper presents the results of studies of the fine structure, chemical and phase composition of boundaries between the components of the Cr 3 C 2 -Ti hard alloy containing 40 wt.% of titanium bond in the state after explosive pressing, as well as after heat treatment. The powder mixture was subjected to shock-wave loading at a heating temperature of 730 °C and pressure of 14 GPa to ensure the maximum compaction and consolidation of the powder mixture without sintering. Compact specimens were heat-treated by heating from 400 to 700 ° С and holding in the oven for 1 hour followed by still air cooling. The equilibrium phase composition was calculated by numerical thermodynamic modeling using Thermo-Calc software. The structure and elemental composition were studied using FEI Quanta 3D and Versa 3D electron microscopes with an integrated focused ion beam system for foil fabrication, as well as FEI Tecnai G2 20F and Titan 80-300 transmission electron microscopes with foil transmission scanning mode. The Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer was used for X-ray phase analysis. It was shown that the formation of strong interfacial boundaries under explosive pressing of titanium and chromium carbide powder mixtures is accompanied by chemical interaction between the components with the formation of boundary layers having a total thickness of about 90 nm. There is a continuous monotonic change in the Cr and Ti content within the transition layer at the almost constant carbon content. The phase composition of layers corresponds to the equilibrium one calculated at the shock-wave compression pressure but it is thermodynamically nonequilibrium under normal conditions. When heated to 400 °C, boundary layers dissolve with the transition of Cr 3 C 2 -Ti hard alloys into a two-phase state. When heated to 700 °C, alternating layers of carbon-depleted chromium carbides (Cr 7 C 3 , Cr 23 C 6 ) and titanium carbide (TiC) form along the interfacial boundaries by carbon diffusion from the original chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) to titanium.
{"title":"Chemical composition and structure of interfacial boundaries in Cr3C2-Ti powder hard alloys after explosive pressing and subsequent heating","authors":"A. Krokhalev, V. Kharlamov, S. V. Kuz’min, V. Lysak","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-4-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-4-13","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies of the fine structure, chemical and phase composition of boundaries between the components of the Cr 3 C 2 -Ti hard alloy containing 40 wt.% of titanium bond in the state after explosive pressing, as well as after heat treatment. The powder mixture was subjected to shock-wave loading at a heating temperature of 730 °C and pressure of 14 GPa to ensure the maximum compaction and consolidation of the powder mixture without sintering. Compact specimens were heat-treated by heating from 400 to 700 ° С and holding in the oven for 1 hour followed by still air cooling. The equilibrium phase composition was calculated by numerical thermodynamic modeling using Thermo-Calc software. The structure and elemental composition were studied using FEI Quanta 3D and Versa 3D electron microscopes with an integrated focused ion beam system for foil fabrication, as well as FEI Tecnai G2 20F and Titan 80-300 transmission electron microscopes with foil transmission scanning mode. The Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer was used for X-ray phase analysis. It was shown that the formation of strong interfacial boundaries under explosive pressing of titanium and chromium carbide powder mixtures is accompanied by chemical interaction between the components with the formation of boundary layers having a total thickness of about 90 nm. There is a continuous monotonic change in the Cr and Ti content within the transition layer at the almost constant carbon content. The phase composition of layers corresponds to the equilibrium one calculated at the shock-wave compression pressure but it is thermodynamically nonequilibrium under normal conditions. When heated to 400 °C, boundary layers dissolve with the transition of Cr 3 C 2 -Ti hard alloys into a two-phase state. When heated to 700 °C, alternating layers of carbon-depleted chromium carbides (Cr 7 C 3 , Cr 23 C 6 ) and titanium carbide (TiC) form along the interfacial boundaries by carbon diffusion from the original chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) to titanium.","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88809541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-15DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-44-54
M. Ponomarev, V. Loryan
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was carried out in the Ni-Al-Ti-B system. The aim of the study was to obtain a composite material with ceramic and intermetallic frameworks and with a developed porous structure in the combustion mode in one process step from the «boron-titanium-large nickel-clad aluminum granules» powder system pressed by sequential batch compaction. The synthesis process featured by a stage nature where a highly exothermic reaction between titanium and boron formed a boride matrix with developed open porosity and acted as a «chemical furnace» to maintain the reaction in clad granules resulting in nickel aluminides. The aluminide melt impregnated the porous diboride matrix. The synthesis stages are reflected in the process thermograms. The final structure of the product features multi-scale porosity characterized by large round pores (~100÷160 μ m in diameter) with the location corresponding to the position of clad granules in the original powder system. Small (0.1-5.0 μ m) and some average-sized (up to 15 μ m) diboride matrix pores are filled with nickel aluminides. The resulting material has a composite structure in analogy with interpenetrating frameworks - ceramic (TiB 2 ) and aluminide (NiAl, Ni 3 Al). The diboride matrix is formed by randomly oriented small hexagonal crystals with a size of mainly ~0.2÷1.0 μm across. Diboride crystalline grains increase in size to 2-6 um in diameter and 0.5-2.0 μm in thickness near the macropores becoming strongly plate-shaped. The main size of intermetallic layers filling the pores between the diboride crystalline grains is ~0.2÷1.0 μm.
{"title":"Synthesis of porous composite material at combustion of titanium and boron powders and nickel-clad aluminum granules","authors":"M. Ponomarev, V. Loryan","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-44-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-2-44-54","url":null,"abstract":"Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was carried out in the Ni-Al-Ti-B system. The aim of the study was to obtain a composite material with ceramic and intermetallic frameworks and with a developed porous structure in the combustion mode in one process step from the «boron-titanium-large nickel-clad aluminum granules» powder system pressed by sequential batch compaction. The synthesis process featured by a stage nature where a highly exothermic reaction between titanium and boron formed a boride matrix with developed open porosity and acted as a «chemical furnace» to maintain the reaction in clad granules resulting in nickel aluminides. The aluminide melt impregnated the porous diboride matrix. The synthesis stages are reflected in the process thermograms. The final structure of the product features multi-scale porosity characterized by large round pores (~100÷160 μ m in diameter) with the location corresponding to the position of clad granules in the original powder system. Small (0.1-5.0 μ m) and some average-sized (up to 15 μ m) diboride matrix pores are filled with nickel aluminides. The resulting material has a composite structure in analogy with interpenetrating frameworks - ceramic (TiB 2 ) and aluminide (NiAl, Ni 3 Al). The diboride matrix is formed by randomly oriented small hexagonal crystals with a size of mainly ~0.2÷1.0 μm across. Diboride crystalline grains increase in size to 2-6 um in diameter and 0.5-2.0 μm in thickness near the macropores becoming strongly plate-shaped. The main size of intermetallic layers filling the pores between the diboride crystalline grains is ~0.2÷1.0 μm.","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85004853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-14DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-22-28
T. H. Nguyen, V. M. Nguyen
{"title":"The effect of surfactants on the particle size of iron, cobalt and nickel nanopowders","authors":"T. H. Nguyen, V. M. Nguyen","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-22-28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74771005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-14DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-65-74
M. V. Kuznetsov, A. V. Safonov, D. A. Bobreshov, O. V. Belousova, I. Morozov
{"title":"Nanoscale nickel containing powders for use in CO and NO2 gas sensors","authors":"M. V. Kuznetsov, A. V. Safonov, D. A. Bobreshov, O. V. Belousova, I. Morozov","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-65-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-65-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76625051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-14DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-36-40
V. Vershinnikov, D. Kovalev
{"title":"Obtaining of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 MAX phases by SHS with reduction stage","authors":"V. Vershinnikov, D. Kovalev","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73237194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-14DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2020-4-10
S. Vadchenko, E. Suvorova, N. I. Mukhina, I. Kovalev
{"title":"Copper deposition from its sulfate solution onto titanium powder with simultaneous mechanical activation of mixture","authors":"S. Vadchenko, E. Suvorova, N. I. Mukhina, I. Kovalev","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2020-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84123065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-55-67
P. Sharin, A. V. Sivtseva, S. Yakovleva, M. M. Kopyrin, S. Kuzmin, V. Popov, L. A. Nikiforov
{"title":"Comparison of morphological and structural characteristics of nanopowder particles obtained by natural diamond grinding and detonation synthesis","authors":"P. Sharin, A. V. Sivtseva, S. Yakovleva, M. M. Kopyrin, S. Kuzmin, V. Popov, L. A. Nikiforov","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-55-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-55-67","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75606783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-21-29
Yu. V. Bogatov
{"title":"Hard alloy production by SHS compaction in an open die","authors":"Yu. V. Bogatov","doi":"10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-21-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2019-4-21-29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14693,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91265623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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