Purpose: The study’s primary purpose is to investigate the validity of the Financial Kuznets Curve hypothesis for 15 selected upper and middle-income countries in terms of middle and upper-income group countries. In this context: Income inequality using annual data for the period 2002-2018 of 15 countries, including Turkey, Brazil, Belarus, Armenia, Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Mexico, Kazakhstan, Paraguay, Peru, Russian Federation and Thailand.Methodology: The relationship between income inequality and financial development was examined by panel data analysis. At the same time, as in similar studies in the literature, growth, inflation and foreign trade variables, which are among the main variables related to the subject, were also included in the research.Findings: As a result of the findings, results were obtained that support the inverted-U hypothesis between income inequality and financial development.
{"title":"Relationship between Financial Development and Income Inequality for Turkey and Selected Countries with Similar","authors":"Zuleyha Arat, Adalet Hazar, Ş. Babuşcu","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study’s primary purpose is to investigate the validity of the Financial Kuznets Curve hypothesis for 15 selected upper and middle-income countries in terms of middle and upper-income group countries. In this context: Income inequality using annual data for the period 2002-2018 of 15 countries, including Turkey, Brazil, Belarus, Armenia, Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Mexico, Kazakhstan, Paraguay, Peru, Russian Federation and Thailand.Methodology: The relationship between income inequality and financial development was examined by panel data analysis. At the same time, as in similar studies in the literature, growth, inflation and foreign trade variables, which are among the main variables related to the subject, were also included in the research.Findings: As a result of the findings, results were obtained that support the inverted-U hypothesis between income inequality and financial development.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121095229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Nowadays, we talk about an increasing number of tools in the IT area that are being used in the accounting field. We can already discuss automation, robotics, artificial intelligence, and digitalization in accounting practices. This reality is giving rise to more and more discussions about how the era of digitalization of processes influences or will influence the activity carried out by accountants. In this context, our study aims to establish to what extent this new reality in the practice of economic entities is advantageous for professionals in the field or, on the contrary, is a threat from the perspective of taking over tasks, operations or activities that accountants currently still have in their portfolio.Methodology: Therefore, using scientific research tools, we will try to clarify whether the accounting profession and professionals are threatened by the developments observed due to the increasing advances that are taking place in digitalization. The research undertaken is based on the analysis of speciality literature, the regulatory framework applicable to accounting in Romania, and the accounting officer based on International Financial Reporting Standards.Results and Findings: The study aims to identify the advantages and threats that digitalization induces in the field of accounting practice and the major paradigm shifts that digitalization will bring to the exercise of the profession by accountants. The study will also look at the limitations that digitalization has in the field of accounting and the significant changes that digitalization will impose on the education and training of professionals in the field of accounting.
{"title":"Digitalization – a danger to accounting professionals?","authors":"Valeriu Brabetea, Daniel Goagărăb","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Nowadays, we talk about an increasing number of tools in the IT area that are being used in the accounting field. We can already discuss automation, robotics, artificial intelligence, and digitalization in accounting practices. This reality is giving rise to more and more discussions about how the era of digitalization of processes influences or will influence the activity carried out by accountants. In this context, our study aims to establish to what extent this new reality in the practice of economic entities is advantageous for professionals in the field or, on the contrary, is a threat from the perspective of taking over tasks, operations or activities that accountants currently still have in their portfolio.Methodology: Therefore, using scientific research tools, we will try to clarify whether the accounting profession and professionals are threatened by the developments observed due to the increasing advances that are taking place in digitalization. The research undertaken is based on the analysis of speciality literature, the regulatory framework applicable to accounting in Romania, and the accounting officer based on International Financial Reporting Standards.Results and Findings: The study aims to identify the advantages and threats that digitalization induces in the field of accounting practice and the major paradigm shifts that digitalization will bring to the exercise of the profession by accountants. The study will also look at the limitations that digitalization has in the field of accounting and the significant changes that digitalization will impose on the education and training of professionals in the field of accounting.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130036651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This paper aims to test the volatility models for Bitcoin (BTC) and the financial stress index (FSI) and examine the volatility spillover among them. This aim was reached by obtaining weekly data from the 7th of January 2011 and the 24th of December 2021.Methodology: First, volatility modelling for the series is provided, and GARCH (1,1) for the BTC series and IGARC (1,2) for the FSI series are determined as the most appropriate volatility models. Then, residual volatility series are created for each variable over the IGARCH (1,2) and GARCH (1,1) models for the volatility spread between the series. The volatility spread between the series is examined with the diagonal VECH GARCH method. It is concluded that there is a positive volatility spillover effect from the FSI variable to the BTC variable. Then, impulse-response analysis is performed on the volatility residual series created for each variable. The empirical findings from impulse response analysis support a risk transfer between BTC and FSI series.Results and Findings: Changes in the BTC return series and FSI series are caused mainly by themselves, and the series are most affected by their shocks. By comparing the variance decomposition of the volatility series with the analysis results, it can be said that the changes in the volatility series are caused mainly by each other.
{"title":"Volatility spillover between Bitcoin and financial stress index","authors":"Nur Tuğba, Turhan Korkmaz","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper aims to test the volatility models for Bitcoin (BTC) and the financial stress index (FSI) and examine the volatility spillover among them. This aim was reached by obtaining weekly data from the 7th of January 2011 and the 24th of December 2021.Methodology: First, volatility modelling for the series is provided, and GARCH (1,1) for the BTC series and IGARC (1,2) for the FSI series are determined as the most appropriate volatility models. Then, residual volatility series are created for each variable over the IGARCH (1,2) and GARCH (1,1) models for the volatility spread between the series. The volatility spread between the series is examined with the diagonal VECH GARCH method. It is concluded that there is a positive volatility spillover effect from the FSI variable to the BTC variable. Then, impulse-response analysis is performed on the volatility residual series created for each variable. The empirical findings from impulse response analysis support a risk transfer between BTC and FSI series.Results and Findings: Changes in the BTC return series and FSI series are caused mainly by themselves, and the series are most affected by their shocks. By comparing the variance decomposition of the volatility series with the analysis results, it can be said that the changes in the volatility series are caused mainly by each other.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131694241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This paper is an empirical analysis of Nigeria’s determinants of the ceding decision of life insurance companies. It is birthed from the notion that reinsurance, though highly beneficial to the insurance industry, is rarely undertaken by life insurers. Thus, this study aims at expounding on the determinants of reinsurance decisions of life insurance companies in Nigeria and the relationship of each determinant with ceded reinsurance.Methodology: An ex-post facto research design was adopted, and a sample size of seven (7) core life insurance companies in Nigeria was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data were sourced from the Nigerian Insurers Digest and the websites of the select insurance companies covering the years 2011 to 2019. Descriptive analysis and unit root tests were conducted on the data to justify its suitability. Data were further analyzed using the panel data regression, and a decision was arrived at using the Hausman and redundant fixed effect tests.Results/Findings: The analysis showed a significant relationship between leverage and ceded reinsurance, firm size and ceded reinsurance, as well as return on assets and ceded reinsurance, while underwriting risk and reinsurance price had insignificant relationships with ceded reinsurance. All the explanatory variables also had positive relationships with the ratio of ceded reinsurance. Thus, it was concluded that leverage, firm size and return on assets are major determinants of the ceding decision of these companies, while underwriting risk and reinsurance price are not.Originality and Practical Implications: This study is an original work of the authors. It practically shows the relationship between the factors considered by life insurers in deciding to cede their risks and ceded reinsurance. With previous studies on reinsurance and its benefit to the insurance industry, this study brings factors that impede the life insurer from deriving these benefits. Therefore, it was recommended that to encourage life insurers to cede more risks, policymakers and regulators should align specific regulations on leverage, firm size and return on assets of life insurers in Nigeria.
{"title":"Reinsurance and the determinants of the ceding decision of life insurance companies in Nigeria","authors":"Musa Adebayo Obalolaa, Mfon Sampson Ukpong","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper is an empirical analysis of Nigeria’s determinants of the ceding decision of life insurance companies. It is birthed from the notion that reinsurance, though highly beneficial to the insurance industry, is rarely undertaken by life insurers. Thus, this study aims at expounding on the determinants of reinsurance decisions of life insurance companies in Nigeria and the relationship of each determinant with ceded reinsurance.Methodology: An ex-post facto research design was adopted, and a sample size of seven (7) core life insurance companies in Nigeria was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data were sourced from the Nigerian Insurers Digest and the websites of the select insurance companies covering the years 2011 to 2019. Descriptive analysis and unit root tests were conducted on the data to justify its suitability. Data were further analyzed using the panel data regression, and a decision was arrived at using the Hausman and redundant fixed effect tests.Results/Findings: The analysis showed a significant relationship between leverage and ceded reinsurance, firm size and ceded reinsurance, as well as return on assets and ceded reinsurance, while underwriting risk and reinsurance price had insignificant relationships with ceded reinsurance. All the explanatory variables also had positive relationships with the ratio of ceded reinsurance. Thus, it was concluded that leverage, firm size and return on assets are major determinants of the ceding decision of these companies, while underwriting risk and reinsurance price are not.Originality and Practical Implications: This study is an original work of the authors. It practically shows the relationship between the factors considered by life insurers in deciding to cede their risks and ceded reinsurance. With previous studies on reinsurance and its benefit to the insurance industry, this study brings factors that impede the life insurer from deriving these benefits. Therefore, it was recommended that to encourage life insurers to cede more risks, policymakers and regulators should align specific regulations on leverage, firm size and return on assets of life insurers in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126257898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This paper aims to provide an analysis of the author’s research in relation to legal investment treatments among participants who are not only interested in the topic of national economic development but would like to be aware of additional essential non-purely economic elements and factors of this desirable development.Methodology: For this research, the methods of scientific abstraction, logic and analytics, as well as expedients in the style of historicism of international law and philosophy of modern business, have been applied.Results/Findings: The research highlights the significance of investment legal treatment as a contributor to local investment attractiveness, outlining the importance of developing state guarantees to protect foreign investments by delivering progressive European approaches.
{"title":"Interstate investment legal treatment as a factor of investment attractiveness","authors":"K. Cherepovskyi","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper aims to provide an analysis of the author’s research in relation to legal investment treatments among participants who are not only interested in the topic of national economic development but would like to be aware of additional essential non-purely economic elements and factors of this desirable development.Methodology: For this research, the methods of scientific abstraction, logic and analytics, as well as expedients in the style of historicism of international law and philosophy of modern business, have been applied.Results/Findings: The research highlights the significance of investment legal treatment as a contributor to local investment attractiveness, outlining the importance of developing state guarantees to protect foreign investments by delivering progressive European approaches.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131152346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The creation of favourable conditions on the part of the state for the introduction of approaches to responsible business conduct ensures that the development of the national accounting system is in line with modern trends adopted throughout the world. However, adaptation is impossible without proper scientific-analytical and methodological support. Scientific and analytical support of the adaptation process requires constant, consistent and planned work to assess the translation of European legislation into Ukrainian; implementation of a comprehensive comparative analysis of current legislation in accounting with international approaches to the disclosure of information in non-financial reporting.Methodology: The work aims to explore the best practices of forming the institutional framework for non-financial reporting of enterprises, which governments of low-middle economy countries can successfully implement. The object of research is international and national regulations and framework documents in the non-financial reporting of enterprises. Practical Implications: The value of the work is the creation of institutional preconditions for spreading the concept of corporate social responsibility among Ukrainian enterprises, which will increase the favourable business environment of the country and the efficiency of state resources management. The best world practice of non-financial reporting regulation was analyzed to achieve this goal. In addition, the basic principles of formalizing the mechanism of collecting and processing data on non-financial reporting of Ukrainian enterprises through the prism of international experience were studied.
{"title":"Institutional prerequisites for the development of a non-financial reporting organization model in countries with lower-middle-income economies (the case of Ukraine)","authors":"M. Kucheriava","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The creation of favourable conditions on the part of the state for the introduction of approaches to responsible business conduct ensures that the development of the national accounting system is in line with modern trends adopted throughout the world. However, adaptation is impossible without proper scientific-analytical and methodological support. Scientific and analytical support of the adaptation process requires constant, consistent and planned work to assess the translation of European legislation into Ukrainian; implementation of a comprehensive comparative analysis of current legislation in accounting with international approaches to the disclosure of information in non-financial reporting.Methodology: The work aims to explore the best practices of forming the institutional framework for non-financial reporting of enterprises, which governments of low-middle economy countries can successfully implement. The object of research is international and national regulations and framework documents in the non-financial reporting of enterprises. Practical Implications: The value of the work is the creation of institutional preconditions for spreading the concept of corporate social responsibility among Ukrainian enterprises, which will increase the favourable business environment of the country and the efficiency of state resources management. The best world practice of non-financial reporting regulation was analyzed to achieve this goal. In addition, the basic principles of formalizing the mechanism of collecting and processing data on non-financial reporting of Ukrainian enterprises through the prism of international experience were studied.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129630710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The objective of this article is to identify the types of risks associated with corporate real estate (CRE) and the risk management strategies adopted by companies. Moreover, the aim is to measure business performance and analyze its correlation with CRE risk management strategies.Methodology: Interviews were held in Aurangabad city in India to gather information from respondents about their adoption of CRE risk management strategies. Monte Carlo simulations are used as a tool to measure company performance and the results are then correlated with the average of the strategies drawn from the analysis.Findings: It is found that most organizations have integrated risk management into their strategic business plans.Originality: Although there is much literature on risk management, few researchers examined the relationship between corporate real estate risk management.
{"title":"A systematic study on corporate real estate risk management and assessment (Concerning Aurangabad city)","authors":"Dilip S. Chavan","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this article is to identify the types of risks associated with corporate real estate (CRE) and the risk management strategies adopted by companies. Moreover, the aim is to measure business performance and analyze its correlation with CRE risk management strategies.Methodology: Interviews were held in Aurangabad city in India to gather information from respondents about their adoption of CRE risk management strategies. Monte Carlo simulations are used as a tool to measure company performance and the results are then correlated with the average of the strategies drawn from the analysis.Findings: It is found that most organizations have integrated risk management into their strategic business plans.Originality: Although there is much literature on risk management, few researchers examined the relationship between corporate real estate risk management.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123918185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The appeal of the Rational Apathy Theory lies in the fact that it is not only a descriptive theory of shareholder behaviour in the modern public firm but also a powerful normative tool which recommends itself to corporate legislators and policymakers. True to their normative logic, proponents of apathy contend that since shareholders of modern public firms will never find it cost-efficient or incentivized to perform their monitoring responsibilities over corporate management, insisting on a shareholder-oriented corporate governance model is undesirable. This article rejects the determinism and immutability of the above thesis and argues that firm investors will embrace activism where the cost of corporate monitoring is reduced, and the benefits of doing so are increased. Given the ability of the internet to reduce monitoring costs for shareholders (predominantly minority shareholders) in public companies, the article campaigns for minority shareholder electronic participation in corporate governance and proposes a careful reform of corporate law and governance in post-covid Nigeria, drawing inspiration from similar reforms on electronic governance in Canada, UK, and the State of Delaware in the US. In a society where digitalization has been identified as a major catalyst for the economic revival of commercial and corporate life, this article recommends itself to policy and lawmakers, corporate boards, corporate law experts, legislators, regulators, and other relevant stakeholders.Methodology: The article adopts doctrinal and comparative methods of legal analysis.Results/Findings: The article finds that while the Rational Apathy Theory may have served the analogue world, it is unsuitable for a digital generation, where issues of cost, communication and participation could be liberalized, through the use of the internet, to serve the interest of shareholder democracy in public companies.
{"title":"The Fallacy of the Rational Apathy Theory","authors":"Gabriel Uchechi Emeasoba","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The appeal of the Rational Apathy Theory lies in the fact that it is not only a descriptive theory of shareholder behaviour in the modern public firm but also a powerful normative tool which recommends itself to corporate legislators and policymakers. True to their normative logic, proponents of apathy contend that since shareholders of modern public firms will never find it cost-efficient or incentivized to perform their monitoring responsibilities over corporate management, insisting on a shareholder-oriented corporate governance model is undesirable. This article rejects the determinism and immutability of the above thesis and argues that firm investors will embrace activism where the cost of corporate monitoring is reduced, and the benefits of doing so are increased. Given the ability of the internet to reduce monitoring costs for shareholders (predominantly minority shareholders) in public companies, the article campaigns for minority shareholder electronic participation in corporate governance and proposes a careful reform of corporate law and governance in post-covid Nigeria, drawing inspiration from similar reforms on electronic governance in Canada, UK, and the State of Delaware in the US. In a society where digitalization has been identified as a major catalyst for the economic revival of commercial and corporate life, this article recommends itself to policy and lawmakers, corporate boards, corporate law experts, legislators, regulators, and other relevant stakeholders.Methodology: The article adopts doctrinal and comparative methods of legal analysis.Results/Findings: The article finds that while the Rational Apathy Theory may have served the analogue world, it is unsuitable for a digital generation, where issues of cost, communication and participation could be liberalized, through the use of the internet, to serve the interest of shareholder democracy in public companies.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125267804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The prime purpose of this paper is to analyze the risks associated with the retail industry and provide a overview of the risk identification techniques and tools. The paper also investigates the relationship between risk identification and risk management.Research Methodology: This paper is a conceptual paper and the methodology included a literature search. The present study is a literature review that examines available studies based on risk identification and its techniques in the retail business.Findings:Many risks have a high impact on the retail industry. Supplier uncertainty, change in the taste and preference of consumers, data security and threats, inventory risks, etc. all these types of risks are faced by the retail industry. Identifying these risks is a big challenge for the company. There are numerous risk identification techniques that companies can use to identify risks. Brainstorming, expert judgment, Delphi method, root-cause analysis, etc. techniques are discussed in this paper. Tesco plc applies the brainstorming, risk register and top-down and bottom-up approach to identify the risks. The findings of this study can be used as a case study of Tesco’s retail operation, which is based in and managed primarily in this specific area. Tesco’s decisions may contain some common tactics for identifying hazards, and some extremely unique ones.Practical Implications: Various corporations developed risk departments to identify and manage risks during the modernization and automation era. As a result, there is a demand for experts with specialized skills and experience in managing and assessing risk factors involved in the retail industry. These specialists’ job is to identify hazards and develop methods to protect the organization from them. This study will assist the risk managers or professionals of the retail industry to use the techniques of risk identification and assess the risks appropriately.
{"title":"Risk Identification Techniques in Retail Industry","authors":"Aradhana Sharma, Ruchika Jain, Neena Seth Pajni","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The prime purpose of this paper is to analyze the risks associated with the retail industry and provide a overview of the risk identification techniques and tools. The paper also investigates the relationship between risk identification and risk management.Research Methodology: This paper is a conceptual paper and the methodology included a literature search. The present study is a literature review that examines available studies based on risk identification and its techniques in the retail business.Findings:Many risks have a high impact on the retail industry. Supplier uncertainty, change in the taste and preference of consumers, data security and threats, inventory risks, etc. all these types of risks are faced by the retail industry. Identifying these risks is a big challenge for the company. There are numerous risk identification techniques that companies can use to identify risks. Brainstorming, expert judgment, Delphi method, root-cause analysis, etc. techniques are discussed in this paper. Tesco plc applies the brainstorming, risk register and top-down and bottom-up approach to identify the risks. The findings of this study can be used as a case study of Tesco’s retail operation, which is based in and managed primarily in this specific area. Tesco’s decisions may contain some common tactics for identifying hazards, and some extremely unique ones.Practical Implications: Various corporations developed risk departments to identify and manage risks during the modernization and automation era. As a result, there is a demand for experts with specialized skills and experience in managing and assessing risk factors involved in the retail industry. These specialists’ job is to identify hazards and develop methods to protect the organization from them. This study will assist the risk managers or professionals of the retail industry to use the techniques of risk identification and assess the risks appropriately.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121529388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: In today’s modernized banking-services, customers compete for comparative time-saving-options and banking-service-providers compete for maximizing profits. In this win-win setup, many factors are unpredictable. These perceived risk (PR) factors have been undermining the vision of cashless-society country-wise such as Bangladesh. Banks can eliminate this issue by adopting Voluntary Insurance (VI) as a new product. But it raises question: how do customers feel about it?Methodology: This study uses a self-designed survey questionnaire, for conducting convenience sampling reliability analysis and tests the results using statistical analysis.Findings: Statistical analyses of customers’ preferences reveal that “age-group” and “occupation-group” of customers have different preferences. The result shows that demographic factors impact customers’ preferences for the new product.Practical Implications: The findings can attract more users by improving customer’s satisfaction, customer-base, banks benefits including reduction of operational-cost. Thus, the answer to the question posed in the title is: Yes. Thus, this effort brings the findings of the Survey-Opinions to the attentions of bank-leaderships and policymakers so that the VI becomes a product in bank-led e-banking services, which can be an example in economy country-wise.
{"title":"Can Voluntary Insurance Be a New Product in Bank-led e-banking","authors":"A. Rahman","doi":"10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.9.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In today’s modernized banking-services, customers compete for comparative time-saving-options and banking-service-providers compete for maximizing profits. In this win-win setup, many factors are unpredictable. These perceived risk (PR) factors have been undermining the vision of cashless-society country-wise such as Bangladesh. Banks can eliminate this issue by adopting Voluntary Insurance (VI) as a new product. But it raises question: how do customers feel about it?Methodology: This study uses a self-designed survey questionnaire, for conducting convenience sampling reliability analysis and tests the results using statistical analysis.Findings: Statistical analyses of customers’ preferences reveal that “age-group” and “occupation-group” of customers have different preferences. The result shows that demographic factors impact customers’ preferences for the new product.Practical Implications: The findings can attract more users by improving customer’s satisfaction, customer-base, banks benefits including reduction of operational-cost. Thus, the answer to the question posed in the title is: Yes. Thus, this effort brings the findings of the Survey-Opinions to the attentions of bank-leaderships and policymakers so that the VI becomes a product in bank-led e-banking services, which can be an example in economy country-wise.","PeriodicalId":147045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115156177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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