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Comparison between the safety of the HPV vaccine versus placebo: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials HPV疫苗与安慰剂安全性的比较:随机临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.04.009
Swelen Aparecida dos Santos , Mariane Yoshie Sato , Pedro Henrique Gunha Basilio , Meire Ellen Pereira , Rafaela Climaco Julião , Nielson da Cunha Arruda , Davi Paula da Silva , Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira , Victor Horacio de Souza Costa-Junior , Izonete Cristina Guiloski

Objective

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus that targets epithelial tissues. Virtually all cases of cervical cancer are related to HPV, emphasizing the importance of vaccines in prevention. Although >200 million doses have been administered worldwide, concerns persist about adverse reactions. This study evaluated the safety of the HPV vaccine and the main adverse effects.

Data sources

The study was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023365692). The systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases using the search strategy "HPV" AND "vaccine" AND "safety" NOT "COVID" from 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2022. Inclusion criteria were based on the PICOT strategy, focusing on studies with humans, vaccinated populations comprising children, adolescents, and adults, and Phase II/III randomized clinical trials. The PEDro scale was used to assess the quality of the studies.

Summary of findings

Eleven articles were qualified for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The results indicated that HPV vaccination was associated with increased local reactions, fatigue, and myalgia compared to the placebo. However, there were no significant differences in serious adverse events, gastrointestinal reactions, cutaneous effects, headache, or fever between the vaccine and placebo groups.

Conclusion

Local reactions, fatigue, and myalgia were more prevalent in the HPV vaccine group; the overall safety profile of the vaccine was favorable. The HPV vaccine was deemed safe, mirroring the profile of adverse reactions seen with other vaccines. With its potential to prevent cancer, the benefits of HPV vaccination far outweigh the minimal risks.
目的:人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)是一种以上皮组织为靶点的病毒。几乎所有宫颈癌病例都与人乳头瘤病毒有关,强调了疫苗在预防中的重要性。尽管全世界已使用了200万剂疫苗,但对不良反应的担忧仍然存在。本研究评估了HPV疫苗的安全性和主要不良反应。数据来源:该研究已在PROSPERO数据库中注册(CRD42023365692)。从2007年1月1日至2022年12月31日,在PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane、Science Direct和Web of Science数据库中使用“HPV”、“vaccine”和“safety”而不是“COVID”的搜索策略进行系统检索。纳入标准基于PICOT策略,重点关注人类研究,包括儿童、青少年和成人在内的接种人群,以及II/III期随机临床试验。PEDro量表用于评估研究的质量。研究结果总结:11篇文章符合定性综合和荟萃分析。结果表明,与安慰剂相比,HPV疫苗接种与局部反应,疲劳和肌痛增加有关。然而,疫苗组和安慰剂组在严重不良事件、胃肠道反应、皮肤反应、头痛或发烧方面没有显著差异。结论:局部反应、疲劳和肌痛在HPV疫苗组更为普遍;该疫苗的总体安全性是有利的。HPV疫苗被认为是安全的,反映了其他疫苗的不良反应概况。由于它有预防癌症的潜力,HPV疫苗接种的好处远远超过了最小的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of acute mastoiditis in a tertiary reference children’s hospital in Brazil COVID-19大流行对巴西三级参考儿童医院急性乳突炎发病率的影响
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.003
Hemily Izabel Alves Neves MD , Joel Lavinsky MD, PhD , Luana Vieira Margheti MD , Mauricio Schneider Miura MD, PhD , Patrícia Barcelos Ogando MD, MsC , Marcelo Assis Moro da Rocha Filho MD , Jose Faibes Lubianca Neto MD, PhD

Objectives

To compare the incidence of AM hospitalizations and complications across three periods: pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate associations with patient age, need for surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy, and isolated etiological agents.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study reviewed pediatric charts from three 22-month periods: pre-pandemic (P1), pandemic (P2), and post-pandemic (P3). These periods were compared in terms of case numbers, presence and severity of AM complications, patient demographics (age and sex), and treatment approaches.

Results

A total of 9 AM cases were recorded in (P1), 5 in the (P2), and 25 in (P3). This represents a 25.5 % reduction in AM incidence during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period, though this was not statistically significant (p = 0.8027). However, a significant 103.3 % increase in AM incidence was noted between the pre- and post-pandemic periods (p = 0.0322). No significant differences were found among periods regarding age, sex, complications, case severity, surgical intervention, antibiotic duration, or length of hospitalization.

Conclusion

Although AM incidence slightly declined during the pandemic, the post-pandemic period showed a significant rise in the incidence of cases compared to pre-pandemic values.
许多国家在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间实施了缓解战略。因此,在2020年至2022年期间进行的研究报告了呼吸道感染发病率和季节性模式的变化,同时急性中耳炎(AOM)等相关疾病的减少。在大流行之后,观察到急性乳突炎和急性乳突炎病例的死灰复燃。目的:比较大流行前、大流行和大流行后三个时期AM住院和并发症的发生率。此外,该研究旨在评估与患者年龄、手术干预需求、抗生素治疗和分离病原的关系。方法:这项回顾性队列研究回顾了三个22个月时期的儿科图表:大流行前(P1)、大流行前(P2)和大流行后(P3)。比较这些时期的病例数、AM并发症的存在和严重程度、患者人口统计学(年龄和性别)和治疗方法。结果:P1区9例,P2区5例,P3区25例。这表明,与大流行前相比,大流行期间AM发病率降低了25.5% %,尽管这在统计上并不显著(p = 0.8027)。然而,在大流行前和大流行后期间,AM发病率显著增加103.3 % (p = 0.0322)。在年龄、性别、并发症、病例严重程度、手术干预、抗生素持续时间或住院时间等方面没有发现显著差异。结论:虽然AM发病率在大流行期间略有下降,但与大流行前相比,大流行后的病例发病率明显上升。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy and safety of using Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in the treatment of children with cystic fibrosis: real-world evidence from Brazil ELEXACAFTOR/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor治疗囊性纤维化儿童的有效性和安全性:来自巴西的真实世界证据
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.007
Guilherme da Silva Martins , Carolina Rambo , Gabriela Spessatto , Maitê Milagres Saab , Bruno Hernandes David João , Aline Didoni Fajardo , Juliana Gonçalves Primon , Thalita Gonçalves Picciani , Roberta Corrêa da Cunha , Herberto José Chong-Neto , Carlos Roberto Lebarbenchon Massignan , Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva-Filho , Carlos Antônio Riedi , Nelson Augusto Rosário Filho , Débora Carla Chong-Silva

Objective

Cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment has evolved significantly with the development of CFTR modulators, particularly elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI). This study aimed to evaluate in a real-life context, the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ETI in children and adolescents with CF at a national reference center in Brazil.

Methods

A cohort of 39 patients (mean age: 11.7 years) who had been using ETI for at least three months were evaluated. Anthropometric data, pulmonary function, sweat chloride concentration, pulmonary exacerbations, antibiotic use, and liver function were assessed over a follow-up period of up to 17 months.

Results

Significant improvements were observed in weight Z-score at three months (p = 0.046) and six months (p = 0.018), as well as absolute weight gain (p < 0.001). Height showed absolute growth, but no significant changes in Z-scores. Sweat chloride concentration decreased by 52.8 mmol/L (p < 0.001). Pulmonary exacerbations and antibiotic use significantly declined (p < 0.001 for both). Despite limitations in spirometry data collection, FEV1 values showed a median increase of 6 percentage points. Oropharyngeal swab cultures for Pseudomonas aeruginosa positivity dropped from 43.6 % to 5.1 %. Safety assessments showed a transient rise in alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.011), but no significant hepatotoxicity. The most common adverse events were increased respiratory secretions (25.6 %) and abdominal pain (15.4 %). One temporary treatment suspension and one dose reduction occurred, but no patient required permanent discontinuation.

Conclusions

ETI demonstrated effectiveness in improving weight gain, reducing pulmonary exacerbations, and significantly lowering sweat chloride concentration. The treatment was well-tolerated, with a favorable safety profile. These findings align with existing literature, supporting ETI's role as a transformative therapy in pediatric CF management.
目的:囊性纤维化(CF)的治疗随着CFTR调节剂,特别是elexexaftor /tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI)的发展而发生了重大变化。本研究旨在巴西国家参考中心评估ETI治疗CF儿童和青少年的有效性、安全性和耐受性。方法:对39例使用ETI至少3个月的患者(平均年龄:11.7岁)进行队列评估。在长达17个月的随访期间评估人体测量数据、肺功能、汗液氯化物浓度、肺恶化、抗生素使用和肝功能。结果:在3个月(p = 0.046)和6个月(p = 0.018)体重z评分以及绝对体重增加(p )方面观察到显著改善。结论:ETI在改善体重增加、减少肺部恶化和显著降低汗液氯化物浓度方面表现出有效性。治疗耐受性良好,具有良好的安全性。这些发现与现有文献一致,支持ETI在儿童CF治疗中的变革性治疗作用。
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引用次数: 0
A response to "Comparative efficacy of LifeVac® and Heimlich Maneuver in simulated airway obstruction". 对“LifeVac®和海姆利克手法在模拟气道阻塞中的比较疗效”的回应。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.101427
Simon Gould
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引用次数: 0
The full blood count as a tool of differentiation between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy in pediatric and adolescent populations 全血细胞计数作为区分小儿和青少年人群良性和恶性淋巴结病的工具。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.001
Mariana Moreira Magnabosco da Silva , Leniza Costa Lima Lichtvan , Thaís Cugler Meneghetti

Objective

Studies have shown the benefit of ratios between cell types in full blood count for the diagnosis and prognosis of various pathologies, but its use in the investigation of lymphadenopathy is still controversial. The aim of this study is to assess whether there is a difference between the full blood count ratios of children and adolescents with lymphadenopathy who had benign or malignant causes identified in excisional biopsies during the investigation of lymphadenopathy.

Method

This is a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 72 participants between 0 and 17 years old who underwent an excisional lymph node biopsy and had their full blood count collected up to 15 days before the procedure were included. The participants were divided into two groups, malignant and benign, according to the biopsy result. Neutrophils/lymphocytes (N/L), monocytes/lymphocytes (M/L), and platelets/lymphocytes (P/L) ratios were then calculated and compared between the groups.

Results

The mean full blood count ratios for the benign and malignant groups, respectively, were: N/L 2.36 × 3.28 (p = 0.09), M/L 0.30 × 0.32 (p = 0.722), P/L 180.53 × 191.30 (p = 0.249).

Conclusion

The use of full blood count ratios as predictors of malignant or benign results has no proven statistical significance. Higher ratio values tend towards malignant results but should be interpreted with caution, as this is only one of the factors to be considered during the investigation.
目的:研究表明全血细胞计数中细胞类型比值对各种病理的诊断和预后有好处,但在淋巴结病的研究中仍存在争议。本研究的目的是评估在淋巴结病的调查过程中,通过切除活检确定良性或恶性病因的儿童和青少年淋巴结病的全血细胞计数比率是否存在差异。方法:这是一项横断面观察性研究。共有72名年龄在0到17岁之间的参与者接受了切除性淋巴结活检,并在手术前15天收集了全血细胞计数。根据活检结果将参与者分为恶性和良性两组。计算各组间中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞(N/L)、单核细胞/淋巴细胞(M/L)、血小板/淋巴细胞(P/L)的比值。结果:平均全血计数比率为良性和恶性组,分别是:N / 2.36 L × 3.28 (p = 0.09),0.30 M / L × 0.32 (p = 0.722),p / L 180.53 × 191.30 (p = 0.249)。结论:使用全血细胞计数比率作为恶性或良性结果的预测指标无统计学意义。较高的比值值倾向于恶性结果,但应谨慎解释,因为这只是调查过程中要考虑的因素之一。
{"title":"The full blood count as a tool of differentiation between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy in pediatric and adolescent populations","authors":"Mariana Moreira Magnabosco da Silva ,&nbsp;Leniza Costa Lima Lichtvan ,&nbsp;Thaís Cugler Meneghetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Studies have shown the benefit of ratios between cell types in full blood count for the diagnosis and prognosis of various pathologies, but its use in the investigation of lymphadenopathy is still controversial. The aim of this study is to assess whether there is a difference between the full blood count ratios of children and adolescents with lymphadenopathy who had benign or malignant causes identified in excisional biopsies during the investigation of lymphadenopathy.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 72 participants between 0 and 17 years old who underwent an excisional lymph node biopsy and had their full blood count collected up to 15 days before the procedure were included. The participants were divided into two groups, malignant and benign, according to the biopsy result. Neutrophils/lymphocytes (N/L), monocytes/lymphocytes (M/L), and platelets/lymphocytes (P/L) ratios were then calculated and compared between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean full blood count ratios for the benign and malignant groups, respectively, were: N/L 2.36 × 3.28 <em>(p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.09)</em>, M/L 0.30 × 0.32 <em>(p</em> <em>=</em> 0.722<em>)</em>, P/L 180.53 × 191.30 <em>(p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.249)</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The use of full blood count ratios as predictors of malignant or benign results has no proven statistical significance. Higher ratio values tend towards malignant results but should be interpreted with caution, as this is only one of the factors to be considered during the investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":"101 5","pages":"Article 101413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empower your child's health: tailored strategies to prevent rhinosinusitis 增强您孩子的健康:量身定制的策略,以防止鼻窦炎。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2024.02.005
Francesca De Bernardi , Chiara Zeroli , Sandra Coecke , Massimo Landi , Stefania Gallo , Paolo Castelnuovo , Luana Nosetti

Objective

This review explores preventive strategies for pediatric rhinosinusitis and examines their potential impact on children's mental well-being, advocating for a comprehensive holistic approach that includes medical disciplines and government policies to support EU and global prevention strategies.

Sources

A comprehensive search encompassed Medline, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for English-language articles from January 2010 to December 2023. Inclusion criteria involved papers on pediatric rhinosinusitis prevention in the pediatric population, published in peer-reviewed journals. Following the removal of duplicates and exclusion of irrelevant studies, 20 unique titles were included in the review.

Summary of the findings

The review underscores the challenges posed by the similarity of symptoms between pediatric rhinosinusitis and other common childhood illnesses. It emphasizes the interconnected nature of upper and lower airways, illustrating the potential impact on both physical and mental well-being in children. The findings highlight the necessity for a multifaceted prevention approach, supported by individualized prevention plans, medical professional involvement, and government policies.

Conclusions

The holistic research and clinical approach proposed in this review contribute valuable insights into the global efforts aimed at reducing the incidence of pediatric rhinosinusitis while promoting the mental well-being of children. The article serves as an informative resource for readers seeking a deeper understanding of pediatric rhinosinusitis prevention strategies.
The review emphasizes the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach, involving pediatricians, otolaryngologists, pneumologists, and allergologists, in PRS prevention. Government prioritization of preventive measures is essential. Precision medicine and integrative approaches are recommended for tailored treatment plans.
目的:本综述探讨了儿童鼻窦炎的预防策略,并研究了它们对儿童心理健康的潜在影响,倡导一种综合的整体方法,包括医学学科和政府政策,以支持欧盟和全球预防策略。资料来源:综合检索Medline、Embase、PubMed和Cochrane图书馆2010年1月至2023年12月的英文文章。纳入标准包括发表在同行评议期刊上的关于小儿鼻窦炎预防的论文。在删除重复和排除不相关的研究后,20个独特的标题被纳入综述。研究结果总结:该综述强调了儿童鼻窦炎和其他常见儿童疾病之间症状的相似性所带来的挑战。它强调了上呼吸道和下呼吸道相互联系的本质,说明了对儿童身心健康的潜在影响。研究结果强调了在个性化预防计划、医疗专业人员参与和政府政策的支持下,采取多方面预防方法的必要性。结论:本综述提出的整体研究和临床方法为减少儿童鼻窦炎发病率和促进儿童心理健康的全球努力提供了有价值的见解。这篇文章为寻求儿童鼻窦炎预防策略更深入了解的读者提供了信息资源。该综述强调了多学科方法的必要性,包括儿科医生、耳鼻喉科医生、肺炎科医生和过敏症科医生,以预防PRS。政府确定预防措施的优先次序至关重要。针对量身定制的治疗方案,建议采用精准医学和综合方法。
{"title":"Empower your child's health: tailored strategies to prevent rhinosinusitis","authors":"Francesca De Bernardi ,&nbsp;Chiara Zeroli ,&nbsp;Sandra Coecke ,&nbsp;Massimo Landi ,&nbsp;Stefania Gallo ,&nbsp;Paolo Castelnuovo ,&nbsp;Luana Nosetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review explores preventive strategies for pediatric rhinosinusitis and examines their potential impact on children's mental well-being, advocating for a comprehensive holistic approach that includes medical disciplines and government policies to support EU and global prevention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Sources</h3><div>A comprehensive search encompassed Medline, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for English-language articles from January 2010 to December 2023. Inclusion criteria involved papers on pediatric rhinosinusitis prevention in the pediatric population, published in peer-reviewed journals. Following the removal of duplicates and exclusion of irrelevant studies, 20 unique titles were included in the review.</div></div><div><h3>Summary of the findings</h3><div>The review underscores the challenges posed by the similarity of symptoms between pediatric rhinosinusitis and other common childhood illnesses. It emphasizes the interconnected nature of upper and lower airways, illustrating the potential impact on both physical and mental well-being in children. The findings highlight the necessity for a multifaceted prevention approach, supported by individualized prevention plans, medical professional involvement, and government policies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The holistic research and clinical approach proposed in this review contribute valuable insights into the global efforts aimed at reducing the incidence of pediatric rhinosinusitis while promoting the mental well-being of children. The article serves as an informative resource for readers seeking a deeper understanding of pediatric rhinosinusitis prevention strategies.</div><div>The review emphasizes the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach, involving pediatricians, otolaryngologists, pneumologists, and allergologists, in PRS prevention. Government prioritization of preventive measures is essential. Precision medicine and integrative approaches are recommended for tailored treatment plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":"101 5","pages":"Article 101417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative randomized clinical trial on postoperative pain in circumcision with ultrasound-guided versus conventional anesthetic block 超声引导与常规麻醉阻滞对包皮环切术后疼痛的比较随机临床试验。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.05.004
Isabela P. Moraes , Flavia P. Payan , Camila G. Fachin , Rogério de Fraga

Objective

Circumcision is a common surgical procedure worldwide, with indications ranging from medical to cultural-religious contexts. Effective pain control is crucial to reduce analgesic use and improve patient safety. Recent advances include the use of the Plastibell® device and ultrasound-guided dorsal penile nerve block, aimed at minimizing surgical time and complications. This study compares postoperative pain in patients undergoing circumcision with either the landmark dorsal penile nerve block (blind block) or ultrasound-guided block.

Methods

In this prospective, randomized study, patients aged 3–14 years undergoing elective circumcision were assigned to receive either anesthetic technique. Pain was assessed using physiological parameters (heart rate variation, movement during surgery) and subjective measures (Wong-Baker scale) at multiple time points, along with analgesic consumption. The sample was subdivided into patients aged ≤5 years and >5 years.

Results

Pain scores before hospital discharge were higher in patients under 5 years. The blind block was faster to perform but had a higher incidence of hematomas and a trend toward greater block failure, indicated by increased heart rate, patient movement, and opioid use, although differences were not statistically significant. Ultrasound-guided blocks showed fewer complications and a tendency for better pain control.

Conclusion

Both anesthetic techniques provide comparable pain control in circumcision; however, ultrasound guidance may reduce complications and improve block success, supporting its use as a safe and effective alternative to the conventional method.
目的:包皮环切术是世界范围内常见的外科手术,其适应症从医学到文化宗教背景。有效的疼痛控制对于减少止痛药的使用和提高患者安全至关重要。最近的进展包括使用Plastibell®装置和超声引导阴茎背神经阻滞,旨在最大限度地减少手术时间和并发症。本研究比较了包皮环切术患者术后疼痛与阴茎背侧神经阻滞(盲阻滞)或超声引导阻滞。方法:在这项前瞻性随机研究中,年龄在3-14岁的选择性包皮环切术患者被分配接受两种麻醉技术。在多个时间点使用生理参数(心率变化、术中运动)和主观测量(Wong-Baker量表)以及镇痛药的消耗来评估疼痛。样本再细分为年龄≤5岁和年龄≤50岁的患者。结果:5岁以下患者出院前疼痛评分较高。盲阻滞更快,但有更高的血肿发生率和更大的阻滞失败趋势,表明心率增加,患者运动和阿片类药物使用,尽管差异无统计学意义。超声引导的阻滞显示出更少的并发症和更好的疼痛控制趋势。结论:两种麻醉技术对包皮环切术的疼痛控制效果相当;然而,超声引导可以减少并发症,提高阻滞成功率,支持其作为一种安全有效的替代传统方法。
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引用次数: 0
Parents' perception of their children's neurodevelopment during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors COVID-19大流行期间家长对儿童神经发育的认知及其相关因素
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.06.002
Sabrina Ribeiro Ibiapina , Taís Michele Werle , Milena Monticelli Giongo , Magda Lahorgue Nunes

Objective

To verify parents’/caregivers’ perceptions of changes in their children’s development during the COVID-19 pandemic and factors associated with such perceptions.

Methods

Cross-sectional study using an online survey made available to parents/caregivers of children between 0-7 years old, from September 2021 to March 2023 in two Brazilian states. Respondents answered questions about their perceptions regarding their children's neurodevelopment, and worsening of neurodevelopment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Validated questionnaires such as M-CHAT, “Swanson, Nolan and Pellham,” and “Strengths and Difficulties “were applied according to age. Comparisons were made using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and Poisson regression was used in the univariate analysis and in the multivariate analysis.

Results

Data from 589 children were obtained, 49.7% aged 0-3 years and 50.3% 4-7 years. Of the 0-3 age group, 50 (17.1%) were perceived as having abnormal neurodevelopment, and 79 (27.0%) as having worsened neurodevelopment during the pandemic. Of the 4-7 year group, 76 (25.7%) were perceived as having abnormal neurodevelopment, and 104 (35.1%) as having worsened their neurodevelopment. Significant risk factors associated with the perception of abnormal neurodevelopment were maternal schooling, the child's sex and age; for the perception of worsening neurodevelopment were the child's sex and age, low socioeconomic status, degree of social isolation, and death in the family due to COVID-19.

Conclusion

Data from the present study showed that parents/ caregivers' perception of normal neurodevelopment was significantly higher than their recognition of abnormalities. In addition, a significant percentage perceived a worsening during the COVID-19 pandemic.
目的:验证家长/照料者对新冠肺炎大流行期间儿童发育变化的认知及其相关因素。方法:从2021年9月到2023年3月,在巴西的两个州,对0-7岁儿童的父母/照顾者进行了一项在线调查,采用横断面研究。受访者回答了他们对孩子神经发育的看法,以及在COVID-19大流行期间神经发育恶化的看法。根据年龄使用M-CHAT、“Swanson, Nolan and Pellham”和“优势与困难”等有效问卷。比较采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验,单因素分析和多因素分析采用泊松回归。结果:共获得589例患儿资料,其中0 ~ 3岁49.7%,4 ~ 7岁50.3%。在0-3岁年龄组中,50人(17.1%)被认为神经发育异常,79人(27.0%)被认为在大流行期间神经发育恶化。在4-7岁组中,76人(25.7%)被认为神经发育异常,104人(35.1%)被认为神经发育恶化。与神经发育异常感知相关的显著危险因素是母亲的学校教育、儿童的性别和年龄;影响神经发育恶化的因素是儿童的性别和年龄、低社会经济地位、社会孤立程度以及因COVID-19导致的家庭死亡。结论:本研究数据显示,父母/照顾者对正常神经发育的认知明显高于对异常神经发育的认知。此外,相当大比例的人认为,在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,情况有所恶化。
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening RSV prevention in early life through new generation strategies* 通过新一代策略加强早期呼吸道合胞病毒预防*
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.101445
Asuncion Mejias, Octavio Ramilo
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引用次数: 0
Challenges in the prophylaxis of severe respiratory syncytial virus infections 预防严重呼吸道合胞病毒感染的挑战。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2025.04.003
Dana C. Feitosa , Sandra E. Vieira

Objective

To analyze palivizumab prophylaxis adherence among newborns and infants, as well as identify its challenges and facilitators.

Methods

This retrospective study reviewed medical records of individuals who received palivizumab between 2008 and 2019 at a referral center in a metropolitan city in Brazil. Three adherence criteria were evaluated: an adequate number of doses received, interval between doses ≤ 35 days, and complete adherence (meeting both prior criteria). Associations between these criteria and sociodemographic/clinical variables, as well as post-prophylaxis bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations, were examined.

Results

A total of 908 participants (mean age 6.7 months,50.8 % male,57.8 % residing in the city) were analyzed. During the three-season study period, a total of 1,158 doses were prescribed, and complete adherence was observed in 44.5 % of cases. Based on both the adequate number of doses and complete adherence criteria, lower adherence was noted among those living outside the city (52.8 % vs.60.9 %, p = 0.01; and 41.5 %vs.48.5 %, p = 0.03, respectively) and infants born to mothers younger than 20 years (39.7 % vs.60.3 %,p < 0.01; and 31.5 %vs.68.5 %, p = 0.02, respectively). Infants with gestational age < 28 weeks (65.8 % vs.34.2 %, p = 0.03) and birth weight < 1000 g (67.8 % vs.32.2 %, p = 0.03) had higher adherence under the adequate number of doses criterion. No association emerged between adherence and bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations, which were predominantly linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy and chronic lung disease.

Conclusion

Adherence to palivizumab prophylaxis was low, highlighting the need to address geographic barriers and maternal age factors. Extreme prematurity and very low birth weight facilitated adherence, indicating that more targeted strategies or decentralized administration may improve outcomes in high-risk populations.
目的:分析新生儿和婴儿的帕利珠单抗预防依从性,并确定其挑战和促进因素。方法:这项回顾性研究回顾了2008年至2019年在巴西一个大城市的转诊中心接受帕利珠单抗治疗的个体的医疗记录。评估三个依从性标准:接受足够剂量,剂量间隔≤35天,完全依从性(满足先前的两个标准)。研究了这些标准与社会人口学/临床变量以及预防后毛细支气管炎相关住院之间的关系。结果:共分析了908名参与者(平均年龄6.7个月,50.8% %为男性,57.8% %居住在城市)。在三个季节的研究期间,总共开了1158剂处方,在44.5 %的病例中观察到完全遵守。基于足够剂量和完全依从性标准,居住在城市以外的人的依从性较低(52.8 % vs.60.9 %,p = 0.01;和41.5 %vs.48.5 %,p = 0.03),以及母亲年龄小于20岁的婴儿(39.7 % vs.60.3 %,p )。结论:帕利珠单抗预防依从性较低,强调需要解决地理障碍和母亲年龄因素。极端早产和极低的出生体重有助于依从性,表明更有针对性的策略或分散管理可能改善高危人群的结果。
{"title":"Challenges in the prophylaxis of severe respiratory syncytial virus infections","authors":"Dana C. Feitosa ,&nbsp;Sandra E. Vieira","doi":"10.1016/j.jped.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jped.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze palivizumab prophylaxis adherence among newborns and infants, as well as identify its challenges and facilitators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study reviewed medical records of individuals who received palivizumab between 2008 and 2019 at a referral center in a metropolitan city in Brazil. Three adherence criteria were evaluated: an adequate number of doses received, interval between doses ≤ 35 days, and complete adherence (meeting both prior criteria). Associations between these criteria and sociodemographic/clinical variables, as well as post-prophylaxis bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations, were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 908 participants (mean age 6.7 months,50.8 % male,57.8 % residing in the city) were analyzed. During the three-season study period, a total of 1,158 doses were prescribed, and complete adherence was observed in 44.5 % of cases. Based on both the adequate number of doses and complete adherence criteria, lower adherence was noted among those living outside the city (52.8 % vs.60.9 %, <em>p</em> = 0.01; and 41.5 %vs.48.5 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03, respectively) and infants born to mothers younger than 20 years (39.7 % vs.60.3 %,<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01; and 31.5 %vs.68.5 %, <em>p</em> = 0.02, respectively). Infants with gestational age &lt; 28 weeks (65.8 % vs.34.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03) and birth weight &lt; 1000 g (67.8 % vs.32.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03) had higher adherence under the adequate number of doses criterion. No association emerged between adherence and bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations, which were predominantly linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy and chronic lung disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adherence to palivizumab prophylaxis was low, highlighting the need to address geographic barriers and maternal age factors. Extreme prematurity and very low birth weight facilitated adherence, indicating that more targeted strategies or decentralized administration may improve outcomes in high-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14867,"journal":{"name":"Jornal de pediatria","volume":"101 5","pages":"Article 101405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Jornal de pediatria
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