Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.017
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128707631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.005
J. Bennett
The London mathematical instrument maker Henry Sutton (c. 1624–65) has been recognised since his own time as one of the most skilled engravers in his trade in seventeenth-century England. His versatility allowed him to work directly on brass or on wood and also in reverse on a copper printing plate. Thus much of his surviving oeuvre is bound into books, although a number of his printed instruments have survived as single printed sheets, applied to a brass plate or more usually a wooden board. The instruments of his preserved at the Whipple Museum are among those generally cited by collectors, curators, and instrument historians to justify a reputation that has continued to the present. Sutton’s reputation is the theme of this chapter: how it was promoted and established in his lifetime, and how it survived him for a century or so, not simply for connoisseurs but for mathematical practitioners. The pioneering chronicler of these practitioners, Eva Taylor, offered a very fair assessment: ‘one of the best known engravers of scales, quadrants, etc., of his day, was renowned for his accuracy and was in demand for drawing diagrams for mathematical books’. Engraving skill, accuracy, and books were pillars of Sutton’s work, and this account of the renown it achieved will be intertwined with a consideration of his instruments, specifically the horary quadrants. Sutton made a great variety of mathematical instruments, and seems to have relished those requiring sets of engraved projection lines, such as astrolabes, types of horary quadrant, and William Oughtred’s ‘horizontal instrument’. Most of the well-known museums containing seventeenth-century instruments have a few in their collections, with the Whipple Museum holding a particularly rich and varied selection. At thirteen instruments, the Whipple’s collection of Sutton material may be the largest of any museum.
{"title":"‘That Incomparable Instrument Maker’: The Reputation of Henry Sutton","authors":"J. Bennett","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.005","url":null,"abstract":"The London mathematical instrument maker Henry Sutton (c. 1624–65) has been recognised since his own time as one of the most skilled engravers in his trade in seventeenth-century England. His versatility allowed him to work directly on brass or on wood and also in reverse on a copper printing plate. Thus much of his surviving oeuvre is bound into books, although a number of his printed instruments have survived as single printed sheets, applied to a brass plate or more usually a wooden board. The instruments of his preserved at the Whipple Museum are among those generally cited by collectors, curators, and instrument historians to justify a reputation that has continued to the present. Sutton’s reputation is the theme of this chapter: how it was promoted and established in his lifetime, and how it survived him for a century or so, not simply for connoisseurs but for mathematical practitioners. The pioneering chronicler of these practitioners, Eva Taylor, offered a very fair assessment: ‘one of the best known engravers of scales, quadrants, etc., of his day, was renowned for his accuracy and was in demand for drawing diagrams for mathematical books’. Engraving skill, accuracy, and books were pillars of Sutton’s work, and this account of the renown it achieved will be intertwined with a consideration of his instruments, specifically the horary quadrants. Sutton made a great variety of mathematical instruments, and seems to have relished those requiring sets of engraved projection lines, such as astrolabes, types of horary quadrant, and William Oughtred’s ‘horizontal instrument’. Most of the well-known museums containing seventeenth-century instruments have a few in their collections, with the Whipple Museum holding a particularly rich and varied selection. At thirteen instruments, the Whipple’s collection of Sutton material may be the largest of any museum.","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125464939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.015
Michael McGovern
In 1988, a churlish columnist for The Daily Telegraph by the name of Boris Johnson remarked upon the Whipple Museum’s recent acquisition of Cambridge architect Francis Hookham’s extensive handheld calculator collection. Ironically applauding the museum’s curatorial foresight, the author encouraged it to ‘branch out from mere science and become a major tourist attraction for its peerless collection of obsolete gadgets of every kind’. This equation of calculators with worn socks and kitchen appliances pithily suggests how rapidly perceptions of earlier computing technology changed as ‘personal’ desktop computers became commonplace. Conventional wisdom locates the origins of the personal computer (PC) in the Jobs family garage circa 1976 – the more erudite in the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics announcing the Altair 8800 – but the first device actually marketed as such was a different ‘PC’ altogether: the HP-65, a programmable calculator launched in 1974. In this
{"title":"Stacks, ‘Pacs’, and User Hacks: A Handheld History of Personal Computing","authors":"Michael McGovern","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.015","url":null,"abstract":"In 1988, a churlish columnist for The Daily Telegraph by the name of Boris Johnson remarked upon the Whipple Museum’s recent acquisition of Cambridge architect Francis Hookham’s extensive handheld calculator collection. Ironically applauding the museum’s curatorial foresight, the author encouraged it to ‘branch out from mere science and become a major tourist attraction for its peerless collection of obsolete gadgets of every kind’. This equation of calculators with worn socks and kitchen appliances pithily suggests how rapidly perceptions of earlier computing technology changed as ‘personal’ desktop computers became commonplace. Conventional wisdom locates the origins of the personal computer (PC) in the Jobs family garage circa 1976 – the more erudite in the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics announcing the Altair 8800 – but the first device actually marketed as such was a different ‘PC’ altogether: the HP-65, a programmable calculator launched in 1974. In this","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127737051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.007
S. Schaffer
{"title":"Ideas Embodied in Metal: Babbage’s Engines Dismembered and Remembered","authors":"S. Schaffer","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116734222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.013
Henry Schmidt
{"title":"Robin Hill’s Cloud Camera: Meteorological Communication, Cloud Classification","authors":"Henry Schmidt","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124880925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.003
C. Eagleton
{"title":"What Were Portable Astronomical Instruments Used for in Late-Medieval England, and How Much Were They Actually Carried Around?","authors":"C. Eagleton","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129012926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.004
Mosley Adam
In 1635, the Scots-born Jesuit Hugh Sempill published a twelve-book text on the mathematical disciplines. Sempill devoted book seven of this work to the subject of cosmography; subsequent books consider what he described as the constituent elemental and celestial parts of that discipline, namely geography (book eight), hydrography and meteorology (book nine), astronomy (book ten), and astrology and calendrics (books eleven and twelve). Chapter eleven of book ten is entitled ‘Of Sundials and Other Cosmographical Instruments’. This one chapter, easily overlooked amid the wealth of material regarding the mathematical disciplines in the early modern period, is of considerable interest to historians of science and curators of scientific instruments. At first sight, it constitutes an extraordinary vindication of the claim, advanced by former Whipple Museum Curator Jim Bennett, that sundials were cosmographical devices in the long sixteenth century. Bennett presents the Renaissance discipline of cosmography as a key to unlocking the true meaning of these objects, all too frequently understood merely as time-telling devices.
{"title":"‘Sundials and Other Cosmographical Instruments’: Historical Categories and Historians’ Categories in the Study of Mathematical Instruments and Disciplines","authors":"Mosley Adam","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.004","url":null,"abstract":"In 1635, the Scots-born Jesuit Hugh Sempill published a twelve-book text on the mathematical disciplines. Sempill devoted book seven of this work to the subject of cosmography; subsequent books consider what he described as the constituent elemental and celestial parts of that discipline, namely geography (book eight), hydrography and meteorology (book nine), astronomy (book ten), and astrology and calendrics (books eleven and twelve). Chapter eleven of book ten is entitled ‘Of Sundials and Other Cosmographical Instruments’. This one chapter, easily overlooked amid the wealth of material regarding the mathematical disciplines in the early modern period, is of considerable interest to historians of science and curators of scientific instruments. At first sight, it constitutes an extraordinary vindication of the claim, advanced by former Whipple Museum Curator Jim Bennett, that sundials were cosmographical devices in the long sixteenth century. Bennett presents the Renaissance discipline of cosmography as a key to unlocking the true meaning of these objects, all too frequently understood merely as time-telling devices.","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"92 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131894145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.016
Richard Glynne
‘The 19th-century papier-mâché models of human and comparative anatomy by Louis Thomas Jérôme Auzoux’, MPhil essay (various Auzoux models in the Whipple collection). ‘Mathematical models and the visual expression of theory’, MPhil essay (various mathematical models in the Whipple collection). ‘Aspects of a Korean astronomical screen of the mid-eighteenth century from the Royal Palace of the Yi Dynasty (Choson Kingdom, 1392 to 1910)’, Pt II dissertation (Wh.0935).
{"title":"Student Research Conducted on the Whipple Museum’s Collections since 1995","authors":"Richard Glynne","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.016","url":null,"abstract":"‘The 19th-century papier-mâché models of human and comparative anatomy by Louis Thomas Jérôme Auzoux’, MPhil essay (various Auzoux models in the Whipple collection). ‘Mathematical models and the visual expression of theory’, MPhil essay (various mathematical models in the Whipple collection). ‘Aspects of a Korean astronomical screen of the mid-eighteenth century from the Royal Palace of the Yi Dynasty (Choson Kingdom, 1392 to 1910)’, Pt II dissertation (Wh.0935).","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128165998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.009
Tabitha Thomas
{"title":"Buying Antique Scientific Instruments at the Turn of the Twentieth Century: A Data-Driven Analysis of Lewis Evans’s and Robert Stewart Whipple’s Collecting Habits","authors":"Tabitha Thomas","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127201195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.1017/9781108633628.011
H. Curry
{"title":"Wanted Weeds: Environmental History in the Whipple Museum","authors":"H. Curry","doi":"10.1017/9781108633628.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108633628.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148800,"journal":{"name":"The Whipple Museum of the History of Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132585608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：