The objective of the present paper is to propose the first comprehensive, clinical protocol for patients having visual snow (VS)/visual snow syndrome (VSS) with respect to diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, including their concurrent non-strabismic, binocular vision/oculomotor dysfunctions which are in high prevalence.
{"title":"A Clinical Diagnostic and Treatment Protocol for the Patient with Visual Snow/Visual Snow Syndrome and Concurrent Binocular Dysfunctions","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2023.9.1.p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2023.9.1.p7","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present paper is to propose the first comprehensive, clinical protocol for patients having visual snow (VS)/visual snow syndrome (VSS) with respect to diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, including their concurrent non-strabismic, binocular vision/oculomotor dysfunctions which are in high prevalence.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115044308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.4.p270
Athletic communities have begun to take pre cautions to mitigate traumatic brain injury, such as using protective gear, increasing medical oversight, and establishing better returntoplay rules to protect athletes. As awareness increases, there will be a correspondingly higher frequency of people with traumatic brain injury seeking neurooptometric evaluation and treatment. Therefore, it is imperative for optometrists to understand the signs, symptoms, and treatment of associated visual sequelae of traumatic brain injury. There are many optometric conditions caused by traumatic brain injury, including, but not limited to: convergence insufficiency, accommodative insufficiency, oculomotor dys function, visual motion sensitivity and light sensitivity. In particular, the functional vision problems associated with traumatic brain injury can be addressed with neuro-optometric rehabilitation therapy. They are often due to diffuse axonal injury throughout the brain caused by shearing and tearing of the axons. People with diffuse axonal injury tend to have slower processing speeds due to impaired function at the synapse and longer neuronal pathways. Neuro-optometric rehabilitation therapy creates an environment to facilitate neuroplastic changes within the brain, such as axonal sprouting or dendritic plasticity. This article explores possible correlation between improved clinical findings in traumatic brain injury after neuro optometric rehabilitation therapy and increased neurophysiological changes in brain activity after vision therapy for convergence insufficiency.
{"title":"The Role of Neuroplasticity in the Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation of Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.4.p270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.4.p270","url":null,"abstract":"Athletic communities have begun to take pre cautions to mitigate traumatic brain injury, such as using protective gear, increasing medical oversight, and establishing better returntoplay rules to protect athletes. As awareness increases, there will be a correspondingly higher frequency of people with traumatic brain injury seeking neurooptometric evaluation and treatment. Therefore, it is imperative for optometrists to understand the signs, symptoms, and treatment of associated visual sequelae of traumatic brain injury. There are many optometric conditions caused by traumatic brain injury, including, but not limited to: convergence insufficiency, accommodative insufficiency, oculomotor dys function, visual motion sensitivity and light sensitivity. In particular, the functional vision problems associated with traumatic brain injury can be addressed with neuro-optometric rehabilitation therapy. They are often due to diffuse axonal injury throughout the brain caused by shearing and tearing of the axons. People with diffuse axonal injury tend to have slower processing speeds due to impaired function at the synapse and longer neuronal pathways. Neuro-optometric rehabilitation therapy creates an environment to facilitate neuroplastic changes within the brain, such as axonal sprouting or dendritic plasticity. This article explores possible correlation between improved clinical findings in traumatic brain injury after neuro optometric rehabilitation therapy and increased neurophysiological changes in brain activity after vision therapy for convergence insufficiency.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125251356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p105
INTRODUCTION: Visual Snow (VS) and the Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) represent relatively new and important medical and neuro-optometric diagnoses. While there is much information dealing with their defining characteristics and diagnosis, there is a relative paucity of information dealing with therapeutic intervention. Methods: In the present investigation, a retrospective analysis of 27 patients (ages 9-55 years, mean of 28 years) with documented VSS was performed with respect to treatment of the visual snow, palinopsia, and the newly-discovered versional oculomotor dysfunctions in a private, optometric practice setting. Patients were provided a comprehensive neurooptometric and binocular vision examination, as well as completed the VSS Symptom Survey. Treatment: they were given a selection of 5 BPI and FL-41 chromatic tints to assess using a simple clinical comparison protocol for the VS; they were provided a range of saccadic tests to remediate the common finding of palinopsia; and they were given optometric vision therapy to remediate the common, versional oculomotor problems. Results: Chromatic filters were prescribed in 24 of the 27 patients for their VS, with symptom reduction of at least 50%. Reduction of the palinopsia by 50-65% was found in all 23 patients who had palinopsia following the saccadic therapy. 23 of the 27 were given oculomotor-based vision therapy for their versional deficits (i.e., OMD), and marked symptom reduction was reported in all. Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate that neuro-optometric rehabilitation (NOR) provided successful remediation of the problems of VS, palinopsia, and OMD in symptomatic, clinical patients with VSS.
{"title":"Remediation of Visual Snow (VS) and Related Phenomena in a Neuro-Optometric Practice:\u0000A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p105","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Visual Snow (VS) and the Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) represent relatively new and important medical and neuro-optometric diagnoses. While there is much information dealing with their defining characteristics and diagnosis, there is a relative paucity of information dealing with therapeutic intervention. Methods: In the present investigation, a retrospective analysis of 27 patients (ages 9-55 years, mean of 28 years) with documented VSS was performed with respect to treatment of the visual snow, palinopsia, and the newly-discovered versional oculomotor dysfunctions in a private, optometric practice setting. Patients were provided a comprehensive neurooptometric and binocular vision examination, as well as completed the VSS Symptom Survey. Treatment: they were given a selection of 5 BPI and FL-41 chromatic tints to assess using a simple clinical comparison protocol for the VS; they were provided a range of saccadic tests to remediate the common finding of palinopsia; and they were given optometric vision therapy to remediate the common, versional oculomotor problems. Results: Chromatic filters were prescribed in 24 of the 27 patients for their VS, with symptom reduction of at least 50%. Reduction of the palinopsia by 50-65% was found in all 23 patients who had palinopsia following the saccadic therapy. 23\u0000of the 27 were given oculomotor-based vision therapy for their versional deficits (i.e., OMD), and marked symptom reduction was reported in all. \u0000Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate that neuro-optometric rehabilitation (NOR) provided successful remediation of the problems of VS, palinopsia, and OMD in symptomatic, clinical patients with VSS.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130221574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p89
Background: Amblyopia is characterized by reduced visual acuity along with compromised binocular visual function. Form deprivation amblyopia is obstruction of light which prevents visual development. It is has traditionally been managed at an early stage of life through occlusion therapy. Case Summary: A 32-year-old male was diagnosed with acquired form deprivation strabismic amblyopia. Ocular trauma resulted in post pupilloplasty with membranectomy surgery of the right eye, and pseudophakia of the right eye, while the posterior segment was within normal limits. Stereopsis was absent. In-office and home vision therapy was implemented, which included syntonic phototherapy, space fixator, and monocular fixation in binocular field and Ambi-iNet. Conclusion: A multi-modality approach in treatment improved vision and stereopsis for an adult with acquired form deprivation strabismic amblyopia secondary to traumatic cataract, occlusio pupillae, and traumatic angle closure glaucoma.
{"title":"Multi-modal Treatment Approach Incorporating Vision Therapy and Syntonics for Combined Organic and Functional Amblyopia","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p89","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amblyopia is characterized by reduced visual acuity along with compromised binocular visual function. Form deprivation amblyopia is obstruction of light which prevents visual development. It is has traditionally been managed at an\u0000early stage of life through occlusion therapy.\u0000Case Summary: A 32-year-old male was diagnosed with acquired form deprivation strabismic amblyopia. Ocular trauma resulted in post pupilloplasty with membranectomy surgery of the right eye, and pseudophakia of the right eye, while the posterior segment was within normal limits. Stereopsis was absent. In-office and home vision therapy was implemented, which included syntonic phototherapy, space fixator, and monocular fixation in binocular field and Ambi-iNet.\u0000Conclusion: A multi-modality approach in treatment improved vision and stereopsis for an adult with acquired form deprivation strabismic amblyopia secondary to traumatic cataract, occlusio pupillae, and traumatic angle closure glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116613840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p75
BACKGROUND: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when there is neurological damage to the brain or spinal cord resulting from an external insult to the head. TBIs can range from mild to severe (severe cases include more serious bruising, extended loss of consciousness, or seizures). In cases of a mild TBI (mTBI) symptoms such as headaches, nausea, photophobia, asthenopia, intermittent diplopia, or blurred vision are often reported. Another common symptom associated with mTBI is nausea and dizziness associated with motion-related tasks such as walking in a busy environment or scrolling an electronic device, known as visual motion sensitivity (VMS). VMS and its associated symptoms often persist for months following the initial brain injury but may be alleviated with appropriate treatment. CASE SUMMARY: KL, a 47-year-old woman, presented for a binocular vision assessment to investigate persistent symptoms consistent with visual motion sensitivity. KL had sustained a mTBI two months prior after falling and hitting her head against her daughter’s head. Throughout the exam, KL reported increased ocular discomfort, headaches, and anxiety with visually stimulating or motion-related testing, including OKN testing and tandem walks. Exam findings showed a reduction in stereopsis and a high lag of accommodation. KL was diagnosed with accommodative insufficiency and visual motion sensitivity secondary to her TBI. She was prescribed in-office vision therapy and binasal occlusion (BNO) to reduce motion stimulation. Application of BNO provided immediate relief of KL’s symptoms associated with VMS. CONCLUSION: Binasal occlusion should be considered an adjunct treatment option in cases of VMS secondary to mTBI in providing patients with immediate relief of visual symptoms associated with activities of daily living.
{"title":"The Application of Binasal Occlusion in the Treatment of Visual Motion Sensitivity","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p75","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when there is neurological damage to the brain or spinal cord resulting from an external insult to the head. TBIs can range from mild to severe (severe cases include more serious bruising, extended loss of consciousness, or seizures). In cases of a mild TBI (mTBI) symptoms such as headaches,\u0000nausea, photophobia, asthenopia, intermittent diplopia, or blurred vision are often reported. \u0000Another common symptom associated with mTBI is nausea and dizziness associated with motion-related tasks such as walking in a busy environment or scrolling an electronic device, known as visual motion sensitivity (VMS). VMS and its associated symptoms often persist for months following the initial brain injury but may be alleviated with appropriate treatment.\u0000CASE SUMMARY: KL, a 47-year-old woman, presented for a binocular vision assessment to investigate persistent symptoms consistent with visual motion sensitivity. KL had sustained a mTBI two months prior after falling and hitting her head against her daughter’s head. Throughout the exam, KL reported increased ocular discomfort, \u0000headaches, and anxiety with visually stimulating or motion-related testing, including\u0000OKN testing and tandem walks. Exam findings showed a reduction in stereopsis and a high lag of accommodation. KL was diagnosed with accommodative insufficiency and visual motion sensitivity secondary to her TBI. She was prescribed in-office vision therapy and binasal occlusion (BNO) to reduce motion stimulation. Application of BNO provided immediate relief of KL’s symptoms associated with VMS.\u0000CONCLUSION: Binasal occlusion should be considered an adjunct treatment option in cases of VMS secondary to mTBI in providing patients with immediate relief of visual symptoms associated with activities of daily living.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133790338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p81
BACKGROUND: The treatment of nystagmus remains a clinical enigma. While many non-surgical therapeutic options have been advanced, and tried with success, relatively few are typically offered to most patients. CASE STUDY: We present a multi-phase, detailed case study of an adult with congenital nystagmus, and later an acquired visual field defect, in which three distinct forms of vision-based, biofeedback therapy were incorporated: the primary one was a novel use of the Readalyzer eye movement system, in conjunction with conventional oculomotor-based visual scanning therapy and yoked prisms. CONCLUSION: After completion of the multi-phase treatment, the patient’s nystagmus reduced, and both visual acuity and ambulation improved. The present findings are consistent with earlier results, which suggested a multi-modal therapeutic approach in those with nystagmus.
{"title":"Readalyzer as a Novel Approach in the Visual Biofeedback Treatment of Congenital Nystagmus: A Case Study","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p81","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The treatment of nystagmus remains a clinical enigma. While many non-surgical therapeutic options have been advanced, and tried with success, relatively few are typically offered to most patients.\u0000CASE STUDY: We present a multi-phase, detailed case study of an adult with congenital nystagmus, and later an acquired visual field defect, in which three distinct forms of vision-based, biofeedback therapy were incorporated: the primary one was a novel use\u0000of the Readalyzer eye movement system, in conjunction with conventional oculomotor-based visual scanning therapy and yoked prisms.\u0000CONCLUSION: After completion of the multi-phase treatment, the patient’s nystagmus reduced, and both visual acuity and ambulation improved. The present findings are consistent with earlier results, which suggested a multi-modal therapeutic approach in those with nystagmus.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126619409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p98
BACKGROUND: The sudden increase in screen time usage during the COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in a significant increase in visual symptoms. The majority of these symptoms are consistent with those reported from patients who experience dry eyes and non-strabismic binocular vision abnormalities (NSBVA). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increased screen time during COVID-19 pandemic in the severity of dry eye and asthenopia. METHODS: Subjects with age group 18-35 years with no previous episodes of symptoms associated with dry eyes and asthenopia prior to COVID-19 were recruited. All the subjects underwent a comprehensive binocular vision assessment followed by dry eye evaluation. SPEED and CISS scores were computed to assess the severity of symptoms. RESULTS: 44 subjects with asthenopia and dry eye symptoms met the inclusion criteria, They had a mean (SD) age of 27 (+/- 4) years. A statistically significant difference was noted for all the measured parameters except for negative fusional vergence (p=0.059). Strong positive correlation was noticed between the CISS scores and the screen time usage (r=0.78, p<0.001 Spearman correlation coefficient), and a moderate positive correlation between the SPEED scores and the screen time usage (r=0.56, p=0.01 Spearman correlation coefficient) CONCLUSION: Dry eyes and non-strabismic binocular vision problems post COVID-19 pandemic have risen significantly, due to the significant increase in the screen time usage. Incorporating an adequate binocular vision and dry eye evaluation in conjunction with a comprehensive ocular examination would help the patients through earlier diagnosis, and provide a plan for better management.
{"title":"Increased Screen Time and Severity of Asthenopic and Ocular Dryness Symptoms During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.2.p98","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The sudden increase in screen time usage during the COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in a significant increase in visual symptoms. The majority of these symptoms are consistent with those reported from patients who experience \u0000dry eyes and non-strabismic binocular vision abnormalities (NSBVA). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increased screen time during COVID-19 pandemic in the severity of dry eye and asthenopia.\u0000METHODS: Subjects with age group 18-35 years with no previous episodes\u0000of symptoms associated with dry eyes and asthenopia prior to COVID-19 were recruited. All the subjects underwent a comprehensive binocular vision assessment followed by dry eye evaluation. SPEED and CISS scores were computed to assess the severity of symptoms.\u0000RESULTS: 44 subjects with asthenopia and dry eye symptoms met the inclusion criteria, They had a mean (SD) age of 27 (+/- 4) years. A statistically significant difference was noted for all the measured parameters except for negative fusional vergence (p=0.059). Strong positive correlation was noticed between the CISS scores and the screen time usage (r=0.78, p<0.001 Spearman correlation coefficient), and a moderate positive correlation between the SPEED scores and the screen time usage (r=0.56, p=0.01 Spearman correlation coefficient)\u0000CONCLUSION: Dry eyes and non-strabismic binocular vision problems post COVID-19 pandemic have risen significantly, due to the significant increase in the screen time usage. Incorporating an adequate binocular vision and dry eye evaluation in conjunction with a comprehensive ocular examination would help the patients through earlier diagnosis, and provide a plan for better management.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"AES-12 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132570583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Something just didn’t add up. This is what optometrist Angela Dobson thought as she examined a patient she had treated for years. Her patient, now fifty years old, had amblyopia and had always had very poor sight in her left eye. Yet, the woman had recently lost vision in her right eye, and – was it a miracle? – her left eye rose to the challenge. She not only could see well through her amblyopic eye, she could even drive with it.
{"title":"Never Too Late","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p8","url":null,"abstract":"Something just didn’t add up. This is what optometrist Angela Dobson thought as she examined a patient she had treated for years. Her patient, now fifty years old, had amblyopia and had always had very poor sight in her left eye. Yet, the woman had recently lost vision in her right eye, and – was it a miracle? – her left eye rose to the challenge. She not only could see well through her amblyopic eye, she could even drive with it.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129115293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p19
On the evening of September 22nd, 2021, five diversely talented experts joined a cohort of eight educators enrolled in the graduate course Perspectives on Vision and Learning offered through Pacific University College of Education. The lineup included Dr. Leonard Press, Dr. Nancy Torgerson, Katie Johnson – author of Red Flags for Elementary Teachers, Emily Cherkin – an internationally recognized screen time consultant, and Justin Ryan – a school psychologist in California. The energy and enthusiasm generated by the panel discussion on Zoom that evening was transformative, and a model for future platforms was born. Before expanding on the ins and outs of what made this gathering so remarkable, I’d first like to share a little back story.
{"title":"Perspectives on Vision and Learning in the Educational System","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p19","url":null,"abstract":"On the evening of September 22nd, 2021, five diversely talented experts joined a cohort\u0000of eight educators enrolled in the graduate course Perspectives on Vision and Learning\u0000offered through Pacific University College of Education. The lineup included Dr. Leonard\u0000Press, Dr. Nancy Torgerson, Katie Johnson – author of Red Flags for Elementary Teachers,\u0000Emily Cherkin – an internationally recognized screen time consultant, and Justin Ryan – a\u0000school psychologist in California. The energy and enthusiasm generated by the panel discussion on Zoom that evening was transformative, and a model for future platforms was born. Before expanding on the ins and outs of what made this gathering so remarkable, I’d first like to share a little back story.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121292666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p41
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the correlation between visual performance and reading fluency, accuracy, and speed in elementary school students in Greece. METHODS: Examination procedures were approved by the Ministry of Education for the optometric team to enter the school premises and perform the assessments. The researchers performed optometric testing according to standard protocols to evaluate near point of convergence, oculomotor function, visual acuity, stereopsis, and accommodation and vergence facility. All results were compared with the reading ability using objective measurements of reading speed, number of fixations, and number of regressions while reading standardized Greek text. Results were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 setting a value of p <0.05 as the level of statistical significance. RESULTS: The 834 students that were examined came from a total number of 14 schools to enable socioeconomic stratification of high, medium, and low living standards. Study results showed a significant difference in reading speed between students who passed all visual performance tests and those who failed at least one. The number of failed vision tests was directly correlated with reading ability. Reduced reading speed and efficiency was directly correlated to the number of visual tests failed. CONCLUSION: Poor reading performance in elementary school students in Greece was correlated with reduced visual function. Results demonstrated undiagnosed binocular and oculomotor visual deficiencies impact reading ability. A high correlation was identified between the number of visual deficiencies identified with both reading speed and regressions.
{"title":"The Correlation between Reduced Binocular Vision Function and Reading Ability in Elementary School Students in Greece","authors":"","doi":"10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31707/vdr2022.8.1.p41","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the correlation between visual performance and reading fluency, accuracy, and speed in elementary school students in Greece.\u0000METHODS: Examination procedures were approved by the Ministry of Education for the optometric team to enter the school premises and perform the assessments. The researchers performed optometric testing according to standard protocols to evaluate near point of convergence, oculomotor function, visual acuity, stereopsis, and accommodation and vergence facility. All results were compared with the reading ability\u0000using objective measurements of reading speed, number of fixations, and number of regressions while reading standardized Greek text. Results were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 setting a value of p <0.05 as the level of statistical significance.\u0000RESULTS: The 834 students that were examined came from a total number of 14 schools to enable socioeconomic stratification of high, medium, and low living standards. Study results showed a significant difference in reading speed between students who passed all visual performance tests and those who failed at least one. The number of failed vision tests was directly correlated with reading ability. Reduced reading speed and efficiency was directly correlated to the number of visual tests failed.\u0000CONCLUSION: Poor reading performance in elementary school students in Greece was correlated with reduced visual function. Results demonstrated undiagnosed binocular and oculomotor visual deficiencies impact reading ability. A high correlation was identified between the number of visual deficiencies identified with both reading speed and regressions.","PeriodicalId":148913,"journal":{"name":"Vision Development & Rehabilitation","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125603502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：