Pub Date : 2009-03-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.53.13
Y. Kawashima, Tomoyuki Fukuno, M. Satoh, Hiroki Takahashi, T. Matsui, T. Maeda, Y. Kodera, Y. Kodera
SUMMARY Serum provides a link between many human organs, tissues, and cells, and is one of the most informative body fluids. However, the presence of 22 abundant proteins and a large dynamic range of numerous other proteins make quantitative analysis of low abundance proteins challenging. Here, we describe simple and easy to use pretreatment techniques for serum combined with high abundant protein removal and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) separation, each step of which was optimized to minimize the loss of proteins and increase reproducibility. This method can be used to discover disease-specific biomarker proteins in concentrations of the ng/mL range, and furthermore, be used as a base strategy to comparatively analyze the deep proteome in the pg/mL range.
{"title":"A simple and highly reproducible method for discovering potential disease markers in low abundance serum proteins","authors":"Y. Kawashima, Tomoyuki Fukuno, M. Satoh, Hiroki Takahashi, T. Matsui, T. Maeda, Y. Kodera, Y. Kodera","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.53.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.53.13","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Serum provides a link between many human organs, tissues, and cells, and is one of the most informative body fluids. However, the presence of 22 abundant proteins and a large dynamic range of numerous other proteins make quantitative analysis of low abundance proteins challenging. Here, we describe simple and easy to use pretreatment techniques for serum combined with high abundant protein removal and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) separation, each step of which was optimized to minimize the loss of proteins and increase reproducibility. This method can be used to discover disease-specific biomarker proteins in concentrations of the ng/mL range, and furthermore, be used as a base strategy to comparatively analyze the deep proteome in the pg/mL range.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"4 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87987119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Toda, Megumi Nakamura, Masaki Yamada, T. Nishine, Tomohiro Torii, K. Ikenaka, Ryouta Hashimoto, M. Mori
SUMMARY Crystalglobulinemia (cryocrystalglobulinemia) is a rare complication of multiple myeloma. Crystallization of immunoglobulin in blood circulation causes systemic vasculopathy especially in skin and kidney. We found a rare case of crystalglobulinemia in which the light chain was N-glycosylated. The abnormal N-glycosylation was primarily detected as the molecular mass shift on SDS-PAGE by PNGase F treatment. The cryocrystalglobulin was shown to be composed of 55-kDa heavy and 32-kDa light chains on SDS-PAGE. However, the apparent molecular masses of them shifted to 51 kDa and 28 kDa, respectively by PNGase-F treatment. The cryocrystalglobulin was identified as an IgG κ type by peptide mass fingerprinting. The N-glycans on the κ light chain were assigned to non-fucosylated biantennary oligosaccharides and their bisected forms by MALDI-TOF MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides. Sialylation of the abnormal N-glycans was suggested by linear-mode MS and confirmed by HPLC analysis. The N-glycosylation consensus Asn (Asn-Xxx-Ser/Thr) was found in the glycopeptide at the N-glycosylation site determined as “EIVMTQSPANLSVLPGER” by MALDI-TOF MS/MS, in which the consensus Asn (N) was converted to Asp (D) in the enzymatically deglycosylated peptide.
{"title":"Glycoproteomic analysis of abnormal N-glycosylation on the kappa chain of cryocrystalglobulin in a patient of multiple myeloma","authors":"T. Toda, Megumi Nakamura, Masaki Yamada, T. Nishine, Tomohiro Torii, K. Ikenaka, Ryouta Hashimoto, M. Mori","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.53.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.53.1","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Crystalglobulinemia (cryocrystalglobulinemia) is a rare complication of multiple myeloma. Crystallization of immunoglobulin in blood circulation causes systemic vasculopathy especially in skin and kidney. We found a rare case of crystalglobulinemia in which the light chain was N-glycosylated. The abnormal N-glycosylation was primarily detected as the molecular mass shift on SDS-PAGE by PNGase F treatment. The cryocrystalglobulin was shown to be composed of 55-kDa heavy and 32-kDa light chains on SDS-PAGE. However, the apparent molecular masses of them shifted to 51 kDa and 28 kDa, respectively by PNGase-F treatment. The cryocrystalglobulin was identified as an IgG κ type by peptide mass fingerprinting. The N-glycans on the κ light chain were assigned to non-fucosylated biantennary oligosaccharides and their bisected forms by MALDI-TOF MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides. Sialylation of the abnormal N-glycans was suggested by linear-mode MS and confirmed by HPLC analysis. The N-glycosylation consensus Asn (Asn-Xxx-Ser/Thr) was found in the glycopeptide at the N-glycosylation site determined as “EIVMTQSPANLSVLPGER” by MALDI-TOF MS/MS, in which the consensus Asn (N) was converted to Asp (D) in the enzymatically deglycosylated peptide.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72979704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, a genetic testing has become widely used in the medical fields. It gives more information than classical clinical testing, and the information is used for diagnosis and medical treatment of diseases. Nevertheless, most genetic testings employed in a routine clinical testing is for screening of infectious diseases (nucleic acid-based testing), but are not yet commonly prevalent in the fields of human genetic testing, so-called genomic testing. On the contrast, because of the studies on human genome along with advancement in molecular biological technologies, some genes associating with cancers and common diseases were identified, and they are being applied to clinical medicine. As a future trend for practical use and common prevalence, human genetic testing would take 3 directions of tests for personalized medicine (companion diagnostics), screening tests (targeted screening), and standardization of tests. Here we introduce the latest R&D activities for a human genetic test at Roche Diagnostics K.K.
{"title":"遺伝子診断（検査）の最新の話題","authors":"豊輝 森部","doi":"10.2198/SBK.52.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/SBK.52.177","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, a genetic testing has become widely used in the medical fields. It gives more information than classical clinical testing, and the information is used for diagnosis and medical treatment of diseases. Nevertheless, most genetic testings employed in a routine clinical testing is for screening of infectious diseases (nucleic acid-based testing), but are not yet commonly prevalent in the fields of human genetic testing, so-called genomic testing. On the contrast, because of the studies on human genome along with advancement in molecular biological technologies, some genes associating with cancers and common diseases were identified, and they are being applied to clinical medicine. As a future trend for practical use and common prevalence, human genetic testing would take 3 directions of tests for personalized medicine (companion diagnostics), screening tests (targeted screening), and standardization of tests. Here we introduce the latest R&D activities for a human genetic test at Roche Diagnostics K.K.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"40 1","pages":"177-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83644528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.65
N. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Xiao Zhao, F. Itoh, S. Friedman
Klf6 is a zinc finger transcription factor that has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene inactivated in several human cancers. We previously reported that Klf6-/- mice are embryonic lethal because of impaired hematopoietic differentiation. In that study, we also found Klf6-/- mice have undefinable livers. Combined with this observation and its developmental expression pattern, Klf6 might have a role in in differentiation of non-hematopoietictissues. The aim of this study was to more clearly define the roles of Klf6 in tissue specification using tissue-specific ES cell differentiation systems. We have evaluated three different culture conditions to induce ES cell differentiation, comparing the responses between Klf6+/+ and Klf6-/- ES cells. Neuronal differentiation of Klf6-/- ES cells was impaired based on marker gene expression and morphology. Interestingly, Klf6 -/- ES cells began to express Hnf3β mRNA, which identified these cells as endodermal precursors, suggesting that Klf6 ordinarily suppresses endoderm differentiation in this culture condition. Additionally, when Klf6-/- ES cells were grown in StemPro34 serum free medium, they showed enhanced cardiac differentiation to a greater extent than Klf6+/+ ES cells, suggesting that Klf6 may have an inhibitory activity in preventing cardiomyogenesis. These findings indicate divergent and tissue- specific roles of Klf6 in ES cell differentiation.
{"title":"Divergent roles of tumor suppressor gene Klf6 in ES cell differentiation","authors":"N. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Xiao Zhao, F. Itoh, S. Friedman","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.65","url":null,"abstract":"Klf6 is a zinc finger transcription factor that has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene inactivated in several human cancers. We previously reported that Klf6-/- mice are embryonic lethal because of impaired hematopoietic differentiation. In that study, we also found Klf6-/- mice have undefinable livers. Combined with this observation and its developmental expression pattern, Klf6 might have a role in in differentiation of non-hematopoietictissues. The aim of this study was to more clearly define the roles of Klf6 in tissue specification using tissue-specific ES cell differentiation systems. We have evaluated three different culture conditions to induce ES cell differentiation, comparing the responses between Klf6+/+ and Klf6-/- ES cells. Neuronal differentiation of Klf6-/- ES cells was impaired based on marker gene expression and morphology. Interestingly, Klf6 -/- ES cells began to express Hnf3β mRNA, which identified these cells as endodermal precursors, suggesting that Klf6 ordinarily suppresses endoderm differentiation in this culture condition. Additionally, when Klf6-/- ES cells were grown in StemPro34 serum free medium, they showed enhanced cardiac differentiation to a greater extent than Klf6+/+ ES cells, suggesting that Klf6 may have an inhibitory activity in preventing cardiomyogenesis. These findings indicate divergent and tissue- specific roles of Klf6 in ES cell differentiation.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"20 1","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82160961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For RNA size separation in a small sample volume (<10 nL), a strong denaturant to cleave the intramolecular hydrogen bonds that maintain the high-order structures of RNA and optimization for a small sample volume are required. We suggested, “in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis” as the RNA separation based on capillary gel electrophoresis, that realizes the denaturation and separation simultaneously in a capillary tube. We found that carboxylic acids were strong denaturants for in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis, and the performance of RNA separation was dramatically improved with a running buffer containing acetic acid. Based on the decrease of DNA melting temperature, we estimated that the denaturing ability of 2.0 M acetic acid was stronger than that of either 2.5 M formaldehyde or 7.0 M urea. The baseline separation of RNA with a size of 100−10,000 nt was achieved in only 25 min by in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis containing 2.0 M acetic acid. The resolution and number of plates of RNA separation were higher and larger than those obtained in a conventional capillary gel electrophoresis with sample preparation with 7.0 M urea.
{"title":"High performance RNA separation by in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis with carboxylic acid as RNA denaturant","authors":"Keiko Sumitomo, Y. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.2198/SBK.52.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/SBK.52.133","url":null,"abstract":"For RNA size separation in a small sample volume (<10 nL), a strong denaturant to cleave the intramolecular hydrogen bonds that maintain the high-order structures of RNA and optimization for a small sample volume are required. We suggested, “in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis” as the RNA separation based on capillary gel electrophoresis, that realizes the denaturation and separation simultaneously in a capillary tube. We found that carboxylic acids were strong denaturants for in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis, and the performance of RNA separation was dramatically improved with a running buffer containing acetic acid. Based on the decrease of DNA melting temperature, we estimated that the denaturing ability of 2.0 M acetic acid was stronger than that of either 2.5 M formaldehyde or 7.0 M urea. The baseline separation of RNA with a size of 100−10,000 nt was achieved in only 25 min by in-capillary denaturing gel electrophoresis containing 2.0 M acetic acid. The resolution and number of plates of RNA separation were higher and larger than those obtained in a conventional capillary gel electrophoresis with sample preparation with 7.0 M urea.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"60 1","pages":"133-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84554737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.57
Akinobu Nakayama, Jyunichi Nishimaki, T. Kawara, T. Kasama, Toshiaki Baba, H. Yoshida, M. Isobe, K. Shiba, Kenji Sato
We analyzed 55 spot urine samples from patients with cardiovascular diseases. Urinary albumin concentrations were measured with size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) using anti human serum albumin polyclonal antibody, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti human serum albumin monoclonal antibody. Fractionated urine samples from the HPLC were also analyzed with the immunoprecipitation reactions using as same monoclonal antibody as ELISA. As a result, the urinary albumin concentration analyzed by the HPLC was systematically higher than that of immunoassays, however, ‘albumin peak’ from the HPLC contained other urinary proteins. Result of immunoprecipitation reaction showed the presence of monomer albumin that could not react with the monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that not only contamination of other proteins, the albumin fraction from the HPLC included albumin with reduced its reactivity to the specific monoclonal antibody.
{"title":"Reduced immunoreactivity of urinary albumin in patients with cardiovascular diseases: Analysis of immunochemically nonreactive albumin","authors":"Akinobu Nakayama, Jyunichi Nishimaki, T. Kawara, T. Kasama, Toshiaki Baba, H. Yoshida, M. Isobe, K. Shiba, Kenji Sato","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.57","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed 55 spot urine samples from patients with cardiovascular diseases. Urinary albumin concentrations were measured with size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) using anti human serum albumin polyclonal antibody, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti human serum albumin monoclonal antibody. Fractionated urine samples from the HPLC were also analyzed with the immunoprecipitation reactions using as same monoclonal antibody as ELISA. As a result, the urinary albumin concentration analyzed by the HPLC was systematically higher than that of immunoassays, however, ‘albumin peak’ from the HPLC contained other urinary proteins. Result of immunoprecipitation reaction showed the presence of monomer albumin that could not react with the monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that not only contamination of other proteins, the albumin fraction from the HPLC included albumin with reduced its reactivity to the specific monoclonal antibody.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"52 1","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80808377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.47
A. Itoh, M. Fujinoki
In the mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, there were three kinds of tropomyosin isoforms, which were designated as TM1, TM2 and TM3, respectively. It had been reported that TM1 was contained as only tropomyosin isoform and major component in the muscle tissues such as adductor and cardiac muscles, it was confirmed as the major isoform in adductor, cardiac and anterior pedal retractor muscles, and in the mantle and gills. In this present study, meanwhile, TM2 and TM3 were detected as two new isoforms in the mantle and gills. TM2 and TM3 existed only in the mantle and in both the mantle and gills, respectively. Both TM2 and TM3 were minor isoforms compared to TM1. TM2 had almost the same molecular weight as TM1 whereas TM3 had lower molecular weight than TM1. Moreover, TM3 had more basic isoelectric point than TM1 and TM2.
{"title":"Tissue specificity of tropomyosin isoform in the mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis","authors":"A. Itoh, M. Fujinoki","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.47","url":null,"abstract":"In the mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, there were three kinds of tropomyosin isoforms, which were designated as TM1, TM2 and TM3, respectively. It had been reported that TM1 was contained as only tropomyosin isoform and major component in the muscle tissues such as adductor and cardiac muscles, it was confirmed as the major isoform in adductor, cardiac and anterior pedal retractor muscles, and in the mantle and gills. In this present study, meanwhile, TM2 and TM3 were detected as two new isoforms in the mantle and gills. TM2 and TM3 existed only in the mantle and in both the mantle and gills, respectively. Both TM2 and TM3 were minor isoforms compared to TM1. TM2 had almost the same molecular weight as TM1 whereas TM3 had lower molecular weight than TM1. Moreover, TM3 had more basic isoelectric point than TM1 and TM2.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"64 1","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74468154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-09-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.53
S. Fujimaki, Mayu Takeda, Kuniaki Saito, T. Funato
We examined the PCR differential display analysis of cDNA clones from human leukemia K562 cell line and those of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) resistant K562 cells. We compared mRNA samples obtained from the two cell lines by amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based mRNA fingerprinting; 40 bands were observed in each lane of a gel, and the screened results were five independent, isolated clones. In this study, we isolated the proline synthetase co-transcribed (PROSC) gene from an ara-C sensitive K562 cell line as one of the clones. RNase protection assay and RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of PROSC gene in K562 sensitive cells compared with that of ara-C resistant K562 cells. The PROSC gene product is likely a soluble cytoplasmic protein, but its function remains unclear. Thus, the PROSC gene might be related to the sensitivity to ara-C in human leukemia and downregulated in resistant cells.
{"title":"Gene expression of PROSC (proline synthetase co-transcribed) in related to cytosine arabinoside sensitivity in human leukemia","authors":"S. Fujimaki, Mayu Takeda, Kuniaki Saito, T. Funato","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.53","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the PCR differential display analysis of cDNA clones from human leukemia K562 cell line and those of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) resistant K562 cells. We compared mRNA samples obtained from the two cell lines by amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based mRNA fingerprinting; 40 bands were observed in each lane of a gel, and the screened results were five independent, isolated clones. In this study, we isolated the proline synthetase co-transcribed (PROSC) gene from an ara-C sensitive K562 cell line as one of the clones. RNase protection assay and RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of PROSC gene in K562 sensitive cells compared with that of ara-C resistant K562 cells. The PROSC gene product is likely a soluble cytoplasmic protein, but its function remains unclear. Thus, the PROSC gene might be related to the sensitivity to ara-C in human leukemia and downregulated in resistant cells.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"25 1","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82242258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-01DOI: 10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.43
Akiko Okayama, Yoko Ino, Keita Mishima, Takeshi Okada, Y. Iwafune, Noriaki Arakawa, H. Kawasaki, H. Hirano
Protein chips are useful tools for profiling proteins and analyzing protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. In previous work, we developed a diamond-like carbon-coated stainless steel plate (DLC plate) as a novel protein chip plate. Gel-resolved proteins can be covalently immobilized on the surface of the DLC plate by electroblotting to produce a high-density protein chip. The proteins can then be identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using the plates. The interactions of the immobilized proteins with other proteins, and their post-translational modifications, can also be analyzed. However, to improve the efficiency and reproducibility of analyses using DLC plates, it is important to automate these analytical processes. Therefore, we developed a system for automatically transferring gels from the gel electrophoresis glass plates to the DLC plates for electroblotting. This is an essential first step toward complete automation of the production of high-density protein chips for immobilizing gel-resolved proteins.
{"title":"Automatic transfer of polyacrylamide gels to protein chip plates for protein electroblotting","authors":"Akiko Okayama, Yoko Ino, Keita Mishima, Takeshi Okada, Y. Iwafune, Noriaki Arakawa, H. Kawasaki, H. Hirano","doi":"10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2198/JELECTROPH.52.43","url":null,"abstract":"Protein chips are useful tools for profiling proteins and analyzing protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. In previous work, we developed a diamond-like carbon-coated stainless steel plate (DLC plate) as a novel protein chip plate. Gel-resolved proteins can be covalently immobilized on the surface of the DLC plate by electroblotting to produce a high-density protein chip. The proteins can then be identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using the plates. The interactions of the immobilized proteins with other proteins, and their post-translational modifications, can also be analyzed. However, to improve the efficiency and reproducibility of analyses using DLC plates, it is important to automate these analytical processes. Therefore, we developed a system for automatically transferring gels from the gel electrophoresis glass plates to the DLC plates for electroblotting. This is an essential first step toward complete automation of the production of high-density protein chips for immobilizing gel-resolved proteins.","PeriodicalId":15059,"journal":{"name":"Journal of capillary electrophoresis","volume":"24 1","pages":"43-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77966241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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