Krasimir T. Petrov, Ivan Ivanov, T. Betova, Reni Tsvetkova, Radoslav G. Trifonov, S. Popovska
In this paper we summarize the results of a retrospective investigation of tumor budding in endoscopic preoperative biopsies in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC). The aim of this study was to assess the peritumoral budding evaluation interpretability, based on endoscopic colorectal biopsies in left and right sided colorectal carcinoma and some of the factors that influence it. A group of 100 patients, with preoperative endoscopic biopsies was selected and the tumor buds were counted on H&E stained slides, according to contemporary clinical recommendations. In the studied patient group, budding was identified in a total of 13 patients (13% of the studied cases). The primary localization of the tumor in the left or right colon was not associated with the reporting of budding in endoscopic biopsies of colorectal carcinoma. No budding was observed in highly differentiated tumors, and the presence of budding was reported less frequently in poorly differentiated tumors compared to moderately differentiated ones. Budding was accessible for evaluation in nearly 1/10 of the small biopsies from CRC. Artifacts from the sample management as well as factors related to the tumor characteristics predetermined the possibility for evaluation of tumor budding on small biopsies.
{"title":"A study of tumor budding and the factors, affecting interpretability of peritumoral budding, based on endoscopic colorectal biopsies from the left and right sided colorectal carcinoma","authors":"Krasimir T. Petrov, Ivan Ivanov, T. Betova, Reni Tsvetkova, Radoslav G. Trifonov, S. Popovska","doi":"10.3897/jbcr.e126655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jbcr.e126655","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we summarize the results of a retrospective investigation of tumor budding in endoscopic preoperative biopsies in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC). The aim of this study was to assess the peritumoral budding evaluation interpretability, based on endoscopic colorectal biopsies in left and right sided colorectal carcinoma and some of the factors that influence it. A group of 100 patients, with preoperative endoscopic biopsies was selected and the tumor buds were counted on H&E stained slides, according to contemporary clinical recommendations. In the studied patient group, budding was identified in a total of 13 patients (13% of the studied cases). The primary localization of the tumor in the left or right colon was not associated with the reporting of budding in endoscopic biopsies of colorectal carcinoma. No budding was observed in highly differentiated tumors, and the presence of budding was reported less frequently in poorly differentiated tumors compared to moderately differentiated ones. Budding was accessible for evaluation in nearly 1/10 of the small biopsies from CRC. Artifacts from the sample management as well as factors related to the tumor characteristics predetermined the possibility for evaluation of tumor budding on small biopsies.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"116 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141361846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acetylcholine plays an important role as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Its biosynthesis is catalyzed by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). In mice, the ChAT gene has three 5′-noncoding (R, N, and M) and 14 coding exons, from which seven mRNA isoforms (M, N1, N2, R1, R2, R3, and R4) are transcribed. They differ in the 5′-noncoding ends and encode the same protein (common ChAT). An additional isoform that lacks coding exons from 5 to 8 encodes a smaller protein (peripheral ChAT). This research aimed to design and check the specificity of primers targeting R3, N1, N2, M, peripheral ChAT, and common ChAT isoforms. The optimal PCR conditions and specificity of the primers were tested in a series of PCR reactions. Specially designed DNA fragments or plasmids containing isoform-specific nucleotide sequences were used as templates. The appropriate annealing temperature, which yields sufficient specificity for each tested primer pair, was as follows: R3 – 60 °C; N1 – 63 °C; N2 – 65 °C; M – 65 °C; peripheral ChAT – 65 °C and common ChAT – 63 °C.
{"title":"Design of primers and optimization of PCR conditions for the detection of alternatively spliced isoforms of mouse ChAT mRNA","authors":"Desislava Marinova, Stefan V. Trifonov","doi":"10.3897/jbcr.e121803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jbcr.e121803","url":null,"abstract":"Acetylcholine plays an important role as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Its biosynthesis is catalyzed by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). In mice, the ChAT gene has three 5′-noncoding (R, N, and M) and 14 coding exons, from which seven mRNA isoforms (M, N1, N2, R1, R2, R3, and R4) are transcribed. They differ in the 5′-noncoding ends and encode the same protein (common ChAT). An additional isoform that lacks coding exons from 5 to 8 encodes a smaller protein (peripheral ChAT). This research aimed to design and check the specificity of primers targeting R3, N1, N2, M, peripheral ChAT, and common ChAT isoforms. The optimal PCR conditions and specificity of the primers were tested in a series of PCR reactions. Specially designed DNA fragments or plasmids containing isoform-specific nucleotide sequences were used as templates. The appropriate annealing temperature, which yields sufficient specificity for each tested primer pair, was as follows: R3 – 60 °C; N1 – 63 °C; N2 – 65 °C; M – 65 °C; peripheral ChAT – 65 °C and common ChAT – 63 °C.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"120 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zlatko Kirovakov, Elitsa H Gyokova, Nadezdha H. Hinkova, Emiliana Konova
Compared with non-pregnant women, pregnancy alone carries a three- to fivefold higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the increasing use of low-molecular-weight heparin in identified high-risk patients, pulmonary embolism is still the leading cause of maternal mortality. However, evidence for optimal use of thromboprophylaxis is scarce. Thrombophilia (hereditary or acquired) is thought to predispose to both VTE and is also associated with complications of pregnancy, such as recurrent miscarriages and preeclampsia. This review discusses the current evidence for optimal thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy by focusing primarily on VTE prevention strategies, the potential to prevent recurrent complications during pregnancy with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), aspirin, and Nattokinase in pregnant women with congenital thrombophilia.
{"title":"Thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy for prevention of adverse complications in patients with inherited thrombophilia: a literature review","authors":"Zlatko Kirovakov, Elitsa H Gyokova, Nadezdha H. Hinkova, Emiliana Konova","doi":"10.3897/jbcr.e123690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jbcr.e123690","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with non-pregnant women, pregnancy alone carries a three- to fivefold higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the increasing use of low-molecular-weight heparin in identified high-risk patients, pulmonary embolism is still the leading cause of maternal mortality. However, evidence for optimal use of thromboprophylaxis is scarce. Thrombophilia (hereditary or acquired) is thought to predispose to both VTE and is also associated with complications of pregnancy, such as recurrent miscarriages and preeclampsia. This review discusses the current evidence for optimal thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy by focusing primarily on VTE prevention strategies, the potential to prevent recurrent complications during pregnancy with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), aspirin, and Nattokinase in pregnant women with congenital thrombophilia.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"119 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of an emergency medical care system for ensuring affordable and quality healthcare in any country is indisputable. Studying and analyzing existing problems in organizing this system is the first step to solving them. The present study aimed to investigate and outline the possible scope of the problems of emergency medical care, their recurrence, and similarity in 17 European countries. Content analysis of documents was used. The most characteristic organizational problems in providing emergency medical care for each of the countries are identified and grouped into five categories: Direct patient access to hospital emergency departments; Overloading of emergency departments by non-urgent, self-referral patients; Telephone triage by dispatchers - nurses or assistants; Existing and/or impending shortage of doctors in Emergency Medical Services (EMS); Regional and social inequalities in access to emergency medical care. A quantitative measurement of the categories and their relative weight were reported. Based on the analysis, the conclusions of the study were drawn. The identified problems, grouped into categories of weaknesses of the existing emergency medical care organization in European countries, may serve as a basis for undertaking health care reforms.
{"title":"Weaknesses of the existing organization of emergency medical care in European countries","authors":"Miroslava T. Hristova, Tsvetelina V. Miteva","doi":"10.3897/jbcr.e125939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/jbcr.e125939","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of an emergency medical care system for ensuring affordable and quality healthcare in any country is indisputable. Studying and analyzing existing problems in organizing this system is the first step to solving them. The present study aimed to investigate and outline the possible scope of the problems of emergency medical care, their recurrence, and similarity in 17 European countries. Content analysis of documents was used. The most characteristic organizational problems in providing emergency medical care for each of the countries are identified and grouped into five categories: Direct patient access to hospital emergency departments; Overloading of emergency departments by non-urgent, self-referral patients; Telephone triage by dispatchers - nurses or assistants; Existing and/or impending shortage of doctors in Emergency Medical Services (EMS); Regional and social inequalities in access to emergency medical care.\u0000 A quantitative measurement of the categories and their relative weight were reported. Based on the analysis, the conclusions of the study were drawn. The identified problems, grouped into categories of weaknesses of the existing emergency medical care organization in European countries, may serve as a basis for undertaking health care reforms.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desislava Е. Marinova, Maya P. Danovska, Yoanna Todorova, Trayana Obreshkova
Summary Depression and anxiety are the most common nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson‘s disease-NMSPD in the department of the neuropsychiatric disorders. Depression is present in all stages of PD - early and advanced even in premorbid stage of PD. The incidence of depression in PD varies in large limits according of used methods and criterions. Some somatic symptoms are part of the depression syndrome. At the presence no consensus exists about the etiology of depression in PD. The concomitant occurrence of depression and PD and the overlapping symptomatology of PD and depression usually lead to the terminological discussion and discrepancy. To explain the high prevalence of depression in PD some hypotheses have been proposed. Many scales were used for assessment of depression in PD. The properties and critique of nine scales was discussed.
{"title":"Depression in Parkinson’s Disease – Profile and Assessment","authors":"Desislava Е. Marinova, Maya P. Danovska, Yoanna Todorova, Trayana Obreshkova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Depression and anxiety are the most common nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson‘s disease-NMSPD in the department of the neuropsychiatric disorders. Depression is present in all stages of PD - early and advanced even in premorbid stage of PD. The incidence of depression in PD varies in large limits according of used methods and criterions. Some somatic symptoms are part of the depression syndrome. At the presence no consensus exists about the etiology of depression in PD. The concomitant occurrence of depression and PD and the overlapping symptomatology of PD and depression usually lead to the terminological discussion and discrepancy. To explain the high prevalence of depression in PD some hypotheses have been proposed. Many scales were used for assessment of depression in PD. The properties and critique of nine scales was discussed.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"87 1","pages":"91 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gergana V. Todorova, A. Akisheva, Diana I. Pendicheva-Duhlenska, Vasil V. Todorov, Milena Y. Stoimenova, Adelaida Ruseva
Summary A prospective study was carried out of serum erythropoietin levels in patients with chronic renal failure/chronic kidney disease in the predialysis period. The study is part of scientific project № 2/2022, financed by Medical University-Pleven. Fifty patients were tested – 22 males and 28 females (average age 63.7±13.0), with average serum creatinine 253±127 mcmol/l and average glomerular filtration rate of 22.6±11.8 ml/min/1,72 m2. The results showed that the serum erythropoietin level varied from 1.86 to 48.50 U/l and was below the borderline in only three patients. There were no significant differences between serum erythropoietin and haemoglobin values in both genders. No differences were found between the average haemoglobin values of patients with different values of serum erythropoietin. Non-significant differences were found in the values of serum erythropoietin in patients with different haemoglobin values. A statistically significant difference between the average value of serum erythropoietin was seen in the group of patients who were not undergoing treatment for anaemia with recombinant erythropoietin (8.5±5.9 U/l) and the groups treated with a dose above 3000 UI/weakly (from 18.6±11.3 to 19.7±8.8 U/l).
{"title":"Serum Erythropoietin in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in the Predialysis Stage","authors":"Gergana V. Todorova, A. Akisheva, Diana I. Pendicheva-Duhlenska, Vasil V. Todorov, Milena Y. Stoimenova, Adelaida Ruseva","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A prospective study was carried out of serum erythropoietin levels in patients with chronic renal failure/chronic kidney disease in the predialysis period. The study is part of scientific project № 2/2022, financed by Medical University-Pleven. Fifty patients were tested – 22 males and 28 females (average age 63.7±13.0), with average serum creatinine 253±127 mcmol/l and average glomerular filtration rate of 22.6±11.8 ml/min/1,72 m2. The results showed that the serum erythropoietin level varied from 1.86 to 48.50 U/l and was below the borderline in only three patients. There were no significant differences between serum erythropoietin and haemoglobin values in both genders. No differences were found between the average haemoglobin values of patients with different values of serum erythropoietin. Non-significant differences were found in the values of serum erythropoietin in patients with different haemoglobin values. A statistically significant difference between the average value of serum erythropoietin was seen in the group of patients who were not undergoing treatment for anaemia with recombinant erythropoietin (8.5±5.9 U/l) and the groups treated with a dose above 3000 UI/weakly (from 18.6±11.3 to 19.7±8.8 U/l).","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"136 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivelina Y. Petrova-Burdzheva, M. Karamanliev, Daniela P. Simova, Dobromir Dimitrov
Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The gold standard for biopsy is core needle biopsy. However, in certain cases, core needle biopsy cannot be applied, and the method of choice is vacuum-assisted biopsy. It is a minimally traumatic and precise method for diagnosing microcalcifications and small breast lesions. We aimed to present the initial experience with stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy in breast diseases at the Department of Surgical Oncology. We show indications and contraindications for this kind of biopsy and present our initial experience. From February 2020 to December 2022, 29 stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsies were performed. Benign histology was found in 9 cases, malignant – in 15, and 5 cases were precancerous. Therefore, being an innovative, minimally invasive, and highly accurate method for diagnosing breast lesions with a good cosmetic effect, it allows early diagnosis of breast cancer, and, last but not least, the procedure can be curative for benign lesions.
{"title":"Introduction of Stereotactic Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy in Bulgaria","authors":"Ivelina Y. Petrova-Burdzheva, M. Karamanliev, Daniela P. Simova, Dobromir Dimitrov","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The gold standard for biopsy is core needle biopsy. However, in certain cases, core needle biopsy cannot be applied, and the method of choice is vacuum-assisted biopsy. It is a minimally traumatic and precise method for diagnosing microcalcifications and small breast lesions. We aimed to present the initial experience with stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy in breast diseases at the Department of Surgical Oncology. We show indications and contraindications for this kind of biopsy and present our initial experience. From February 2020 to December 2022, 29 stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsies were performed. Benign histology was found in 9 cases, malignant – in 15, and 5 cases were precancerous. Therefore, being an innovative, minimally invasive, and highly accurate method for diagnosing breast lesions with a good cosmetic effect, it allows early diagnosis of breast cancer, and, last but not least, the procedure can be curative for benign lesions.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"63 1","pages":"163 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preslav Vasilev, Milen Karaivanov, M. Karamanliev, Dobromir Dimitrov, Petranka Troyanova, I. Yordanova
Summary Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCCs) accounts for 20-30% of non-melanoma skin cancers, resulting in 1 million cases in the United States annually. The risk of developing SCCs increases annually, and this process will likely be continued because of the aging population. We investigated 355 patients with histopathologically confirmed SCCs. We rated the age- and sex-related incidence, risk factors, localisation, pathological features, staging systems and treatment, and the recurrence and mortality rates of the tumours. Staging and risk stratification for recurrence and metastases is significant. Most SCCs are successfully treated surgically, with a small subset of carcinomas leading to recurrence, metastasis, and death. Patients with advanced and metastatic disease are often inappropriate for surgical and radiation therapy. We present the first study on squamous cell carcinoma of the skin conducted for the population of the Pleven and Lovech regions of Bulgaria.
{"title":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, Recurrence and Mortality Rates for the Bulgarian Population","authors":"Preslav Vasilev, Milen Karaivanov, M. Karamanliev, Dobromir Dimitrov, Petranka Troyanova, I. Yordanova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCCs) accounts for 20-30% of non-melanoma skin cancers, resulting in 1 million cases in the United States annually. The risk of developing SCCs increases annually, and this process will likely be continued because of the aging population. We investigated 355 patients with histopathologically confirmed SCCs. We rated the age- and sex-related incidence, risk factors, localisation, pathological features, staging systems and treatment, and the recurrence and mortality rates of the tumours. Staging and risk stratification for recurrence and metastases is significant. Most SCCs are successfully treated surgically, with a small subset of carcinomas leading to recurrence, metastasis, and death. Patients with advanced and metastatic disease are often inappropriate for surgical and radiation therapy. We present the first study on squamous cell carcinoma of the skin conducted for the population of the Pleven and Lovech regions of Bulgaria.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"180 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The purpose of оur research was to evaluate the effect of remote education on ocular health among medical students during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The students included in the study were 219 in total, all from Medical Universities in Bulgaria. They were asked about their eye health and comfort during the distance-learning semester. They were interviewed anonymously, with an online questionnaire, between April 1-30, 2021. The findings of the study highlighted that digital learning increases screen time, at potentially dangerous for eye health levels. The most common presenting complaints were eye fatigue (83.1%), tearing (epiphora) (58.9%), dry eyes (58.4%), blurred vision (40.2%), photophobia (37.4%), itchiness (34.7%) etc. Regarding the longest uninterrupted time spent working on a computer, 32% of the students reported 1-2 hours without a break, 57.1% - more than 2 hours, and only 3.7% spent less than 20 min before taking a break. As the conclusion of this study, it was observed that distance learning during the pandemic and social isolation adversely affected eye health and eye fatigue among medical students. Increased screen time during online semester causes digital eye strain, which interferes with the quality of life and is an emerging public health issue.
{"title":"Ocular and Visual Discomfort Epidemic Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: A Sample of Medical Students in Bulgaria","authors":"Vesela I. Lubenova, Zehra B. Gay, S. Murgova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of оur research was to evaluate the effect of remote education on ocular health among medical students during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The students included in the study were 219 in total, all from Medical Universities in Bulgaria. They were asked about their eye health and comfort during the distance-learning semester. They were interviewed anonymously, with an online questionnaire, between April 1-30, 2021. The findings of the study highlighted that digital learning increases screen time, at potentially dangerous for eye health levels. The most common presenting complaints were eye fatigue (83.1%), tearing (epiphora) (58.9%), dry eyes (58.4%), blurred vision (40.2%), photophobia (37.4%), itchiness (34.7%) etc. Regarding the longest uninterrupted time spent working on a computer, 32% of the students reported 1-2 hours without a break, 57.1% - more than 2 hours, and only 3.7% spent less than 20 min before taking a break. As the conclusion of this study, it was observed that distance learning during the pandemic and social isolation adversely affected eye health and eye fatigue among medical students. Increased screen time during online semester causes digital eye strain, which interferes with the quality of life and is an emerging public health issue.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"190 1","pages":"142 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Klementina M. Moneva-Marinova, M. Tzaneva, Elis R. Gasanzadeeva, Mehmed Abtulov, Milena T. Salbashqn, M. Eftimov, Silvia G. Marinova, Maria D. Zhelyazkova‐Savova, S. Valcheva-Kuzmanova
Summary The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) fruit juice (JQFJ) on the myocardium and on the coronary arteries of rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MS). Male Wistar rats (n=50) were divided into 5 groups: Control, MS, MS+JQFJ2.5, MS+JQFJ5 and MS+JQFJ10. MS was induced with a high-fat high-fructose diet for 10 weeks. During that period, all animals were daily orally treated with distilled water (Control and MS groups) or with JQFJ at doses of 2.5 ml/kg, 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg (the other three groups, respectively). At the end of the experiment, the myocardium and coronary arteries were examined histopathologically. In group MS, necrotic endothelial cells and exposed basal membrane were observed. JQFJ at 2.5 ml/kg reduced the impairment but activated endothelial cells were still found. JQFJ at 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg prevented coronary artery endothelium damage, preserving the normal morphology. The myocardium in MS group presented with cardiomyocyte degeneration and increased distance between the cells. In group MS+JQFJ2.5, the degeneration was decreased. In groups MS+JQFJ5 and MS+JQFJ10, the histology of the myocardium resembled that of the control group. In the current histopathological evaluation, JQFJ prevented the MS-induced impairment of myocardium and coronary arteries.
{"title":"Japanese Quince Fruit Juice Exerts a Cardioprotective Effect in a Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats","authors":"Klementina M. Moneva-Marinova, M. Tzaneva, Elis R. Gasanzadeeva, Mehmed Abtulov, Milena T. Salbashqn, M. Eftimov, Silvia G. Marinova, Maria D. Zhelyazkova‐Savova, S. Valcheva-Kuzmanova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) fruit juice (JQFJ) on the myocardium and on the coronary arteries of rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MS). Male Wistar rats (n=50) were divided into 5 groups: Control, MS, MS+JQFJ2.5, MS+JQFJ5 and MS+JQFJ10. MS was induced with a high-fat high-fructose diet for 10 weeks. During that period, all animals were daily orally treated with distilled water (Control and MS groups) or with JQFJ at doses of 2.5 ml/kg, 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg (the other three groups, respectively). At the end of the experiment, the myocardium and coronary arteries were examined histopathologically. In group MS, necrotic endothelial cells and exposed basal membrane were observed. JQFJ at 2.5 ml/kg reduced the impairment but activated endothelial cells were still found. JQFJ at 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg prevented coronary artery endothelium damage, preserving the normal morphology. The myocardium in MS group presented with cardiomyocyte degeneration and increased distance between the cells. In group MS+JQFJ2.5, the degeneration was decreased. In groups MS+JQFJ5 and MS+JQFJ10, the histology of the myocardium resembled that of the control group. In the current histopathological evaluation, JQFJ prevented the MS-induced impairment of myocardium and coronary arteries.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"594 1","pages":"118 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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