We study the time evolution of quantum discord and entanglement of a two-qubit system in thermal reservoirs. We find that there are no simple ordering relations between entanglement and quantum discord for the dynamical evolution behavior; that is, quantum discord may be smaller or larger than entanglement in the evolution process. However, a strong correlation between changes of the ordering relations and the mean photon number is found. In addition, it also shows that entanglement is not the strongest form of nonclassicality.
{"title":"Correlated Relation between Quantum Discord and Entanglement of Two-Atom in Thermal Reservoirs","authors":"Xue-qun Yan, Zhuan-Lin Yue","doi":"10.1155/2014/564805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/564805","url":null,"abstract":"We study the time evolution of quantum discord and entanglement of a two-qubit system in thermal reservoirs. We find that there are no simple ordering relations between entanglement and quantum discord for the dynamical evolution behavior; that is, quantum discord may be smaller or larger than entanglement in the evolution process. However, a strong correlation between changes of the ordering relations and the mean photon number is found. In addition, it also shows that entanglement is not the strongest form of nonclassicality.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82676172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FTIR spectra of acetone-chloroform system with various component ratios were investigated within the spectral range 3950–4550 cm−1. Methods of multivariate curve resolution were applied to decompose the FTIR spectra into specific components of different composition. A method of decomposition based on structural model of solution which contains acetone, chloroform, and complex acetone/chloroform (1 : 1) was proposed. Results of both approaches are in good agreement within the range of measuring error.
{"title":"Study of Complexation in Acetone-Chloroform Mixtures by Infrared Spectroscopy","authors":"O. Ilchenko, A. Kutsyk, V. Obukhovsky","doi":"10.1155/2014/106178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/106178","url":null,"abstract":"FTIR spectra of acetone-chloroform system with various component ratios were investigated within the spectral range 3950–4550 cm−1. Methods of multivariate curve resolution were applied to decompose the FTIR spectra into specific components of different composition. A method of decomposition based on structural model of solution which contains acetone, chloroform, and complex acetone/chloroform (1 : 1) was proposed. Results of both approaches are in good agreement within the range of measuring error.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76513180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kumar, R. Reshmi, N. Joshy, A. Saritha, M. Jayaraj
Spatial variation in intensity of spectral emission, electron temperature, number density, and the time of flight (TOF) of ions and neutrals at various oxygen ambiances has been investigated on ferroelectric lead zirconium titanate (PZT) plasma using optical emission spectroscopy. Plasma produced by ablating PZT ceramic target using Nd-YAG laser operating at the third harmonics ( nm, ns, repetition frequency 10 Hz) was investigated at various oxygen partial pressures and at various distances from the target surface. Here energy density for laser fluence was fixed as 3.13 Jcm−2 and distance from the target and ambient gas pressure were varied. The electron number density and electron temperature of the PZT plasma at the early stage of plume expansion were measured as Jcm−2 and 13200 K, respectively, and thus verified the existence of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Time of flight spectra (TOF) of neutral and singly ionized species in plasma were recorded. The result shows that plasma parameters and velocity of species are of same order for various oxygen partial pressures but have a decreasing tendency with distance. The energy of almost all species in the plume become more or less same at 0.1 mbar. These conditions favour the growth of perovskite PZT thin films.
{"title":"Optical Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Plume during Pulsed Laser Deposition of PZT","authors":"S. Kumar, R. Reshmi, N. Joshy, A. Saritha, M. Jayaraj","doi":"10.1155/2014/125843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/125843","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial variation in intensity of spectral emission, electron temperature, number density, and the time of flight (TOF) of ions and neutrals at various oxygen ambiances has been investigated on ferroelectric lead zirconium titanate (PZT) plasma using optical emission spectroscopy. Plasma produced by ablating PZT ceramic target using Nd-YAG laser operating at the third harmonics ( nm, ns, repetition frequency 10 Hz) was investigated at various oxygen partial pressures and at various distances from the target surface. Here energy density for laser fluence was fixed as 3.13 Jcm−2 and distance from the target and ambient gas pressure were varied. The electron number density and electron temperature of the PZT plasma at the early stage of plume expansion were measured as Jcm−2 and 13200 K, respectively, and thus verified the existence of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Time of flight spectra (TOF) of neutral and singly ionized species in plasma were recorded. The result shows that plasma parameters and velocity of species are of same order for various oxygen partial pressures but have a decreasing tendency with distance. The energy of almost all species in the plume become more or less same at 0.1 mbar. These conditions favour the growth of perovskite PZT thin films.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83771490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have calculated forbidden transitions (M1 and E2) between fine structure levels in the ground state configuration 3s23p4 of doubly ionized argon (Ar III) using the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock approach within the framework of the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian. The data for the analysis of forbidden lines in the spectrum is important for the study of the plasma in astrophysical objects and fusion devices. The results obtained from this work have been compared with other results available in the literature.
{"title":"Forbidden Transitions in the Ground State Configuration of Doubly Ionized Argon","authors":"L. Özdemir, S. Kabakçı, Ilker Armağan","doi":"10.1155/2014/798398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/798398","url":null,"abstract":"We have calculated forbidden transitions (M1 and E2) between fine structure levels in the ground state configuration 3s23p4 of doubly ionized argon (Ar III) using the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock approach within the framework of the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian. The data for the analysis of forbidden lines in the spectrum is important for the study of the plasma in astrophysical objects and fusion devices. The results obtained from this work have been compared with other results available in the literature.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87109154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The solutions to the Schrodinger equation with inversely quadratic Yukawa and inversely quadratic Hellmann (IQYIQH) potential for any angular momentum quantum number have been presented using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The bound state energy eigenvalues and the corresponding unnormalized eigenfunctions are obtained in terms of the Laguerre polynomials. The NU method is related to the solutions in terms of generalized Jacobi polynomials. In the NU method, the Schrodinger equation is reduced to a generalized equation of hypergeometric type using the coordinate transformation . The equation then yields a form whose polynomial solutions are given by the well-known Rodrigues relation. With the introduction of the IQYIQH potential into the Schrodinger equation, the resultant equation is further transformed in such a way that certain polynomials with four different possible forms are obtained. Out of these forms, only one form is suitable for use in obtaining the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the Schrodinger equation.
{"title":"Solutions to the Schrödinger Equation with Inversely Quadratic Yukawa Plus Inversely Quadratic Hellmann Potential Using Nikiforov-Uvarov Method","authors":"B. Ita, A. Ikeuba","doi":"10.1155/2013/582610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/582610","url":null,"abstract":"The solutions to the Schrodinger equation with inversely quadratic Yukawa and inversely quadratic Hellmann (IQYIQH) potential for any angular momentum quantum number have been presented using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The bound state energy eigenvalues and the corresponding unnormalized eigenfunctions are obtained in terms of the Laguerre polynomials. The NU method is related to the solutions in terms of generalized Jacobi polynomials. In the NU method, the Schrodinger equation is reduced to a generalized equation of hypergeometric type using the coordinate transformation <path id=\"x1D460\" d=\"M352 391q0 -31 -27 -44q-14 -7 -24 6q-39 48 -84 48q-23 0 -39.5 -15t-16.5 -40q0 -43 73 -90q49 -32 70 -58t21 -57q0 -58 -62 -105.5t-129 -47.5q-40 0 -75.5 25t-35.5 52q0 28 32 46q7 4 15 3t11 -6q19 -31 48.5 -50.5t54.5 -19.5q34 0 54 19.5t20 42.5q0 43 -65 81\u0000q-97 56 -97 123q0 50 51 96q19 17 58 32.5t62 15.5q37 0 61 -18t24 -39z\" /> <path id=\"x1D45F\" d=\"M393 379q-9 -16 -28 -29q-15 -10 -23 -2q-19 19 -36 19q-21 0 -52 -38q-57 -72 -82 -126l-40 -197q-23 -3 -75 -18l-7 7q49 196 74 335q7 43 -2 43q-7 0 -30 -14.5t-47 -37.5l-16 23q37 42 82 73t67 31q41 0 15 -113l-11 -50h4q41 71 85 117t77 46q29 0 45 -26\u0000q13 -21 0 -43z\" /> . The equation then yields a form whose polynomial solutions are given by the well-known Rodrigues relation. With the introduction of the IQYIQH potential into the Schrodinger equation, the resultant equation is further transformed in such a way that certain polynomials with four different possible forms are obtained. Out of these forms, only one form is suitable for use in obtaining the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the Schrodinger equation.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81506109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the MPI parallelization of a new algorithm—DPD-B thermostat—for molecular dynamics simulations. The presented results are using Martini Coarse Grained Water System. It should be taken into account that molecular dynamics simulations are time consuming. In some cases the running time varies from days to weeks and even months. Therefore, parallelization is one solution for reducing the execution time. The paper describes the new algorithm, the main characteristics of the MPI parallelization of the new algorithm, and the simulation performances.
{"title":"A Parallelization Scheme for New DPD-B Thermostats","authors":"S. A. Moga, G. Dragoi, A. Hadar, N. Goga","doi":"10.1155/2013/579696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/579696","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the MPI parallelization of a new algorithm—DPD-B thermostat—for molecular dynamics simulations. The presented results are using Martini Coarse Grained Water System. It should be taken into account that molecular dynamics simulations are time consuming. In some cases the running time varies from days to weeks and even months. Therefore, parallelization is one solution for reducing the execution time. The paper describes the new algorithm, the main characteristics of the MPI parallelization of the new algorithm, and the simulation performances.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80794166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
É. M. Barkhudarov, I. Kossyi, Y. Kozlov, S. M. Temchin, M. I. Taktakishvili, N. Christofi
Multispark discharge excited in water is described, and its useful physical and chemical properties are discussed in the light of some environmental issues. Discharge of such a type generates hot and dense plasmoids producing intense biologically active UV radiation and chemically active radicals, atoms, and molecules. Simultaneously, discharge creates strong hydrodynamic perturbations and cavitation bubbles. Particular attention is given to factors influencing on water purity with special reference to discharge application for effective sterilization of water and its cleaning of harmful chemicals. The gas discharges of this type show considerable promise as a means for solving some actual plasma-chemical problems. The above-mentioned discharge properties have been demonstrated in a series of laboratory experiments, which proved the efficiency of disinfection of potable and waste water, water cleaning of pesticide (herbicide) contaminations, and conversion (recovery) of natural methane.
{"title":"Multispark Discharge in Water as a Method of Environmental Sustainability Problems Solution","authors":"É. M. Barkhudarov, I. Kossyi, Y. Kozlov, S. M. Temchin, M. I. Taktakishvili, N. Christofi","doi":"10.1155/2013/429189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/429189","url":null,"abstract":"Multispark discharge excited in water is described, and its useful physical and chemical properties are discussed in the light of some environmental issues. Discharge of such a type generates hot and dense plasmoids producing intense biologically active UV radiation and chemically active radicals, atoms, and molecules. Simultaneously, discharge creates strong hydrodynamic perturbations and cavitation bubbles. Particular attention is given to factors influencing on water purity with special reference to discharge application for effective sterilization of water and its cleaning of harmful chemicals. The gas discharges of this type show considerable promise as a means for solving some actual plasma-chemical problems. The above-mentioned discharge properties have been demonstrated in a series of laboratory experiments, which proved the efficiency of disinfection of potable and waste water, water cleaning of pesticide (herbicide) contaminations, and conversion (recovery) of natural methane.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89785671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Lalithambigai, R. C. Saraswathi, P. M. Anbarasan, K. Rajesh, Z. Jaroszewicz
We investigated the focusing properties of a double-ring-shaped azimuthally polarized beam tightly focused with a high NA lens and a binary phase filter. We observe that by using 3 belts and 5 belts binary phase filters novel focal patterns including splitting of focal rings and multiring focus are obtained. We also found that a suitably designed phase structure can shift the focal rings along optical axis. The author expects such investigation is worthwhile for optical manipulation and material processing technologies.
{"title":"Generation of Multiple Focal Hole Segments Using Double-Ring Shaped Azimuthally Polarized Beam","authors":"K. Lalithambigai, R. C. Saraswathi, P. M. Anbarasan, K. Rajesh, Z. Jaroszewicz","doi":"10.1155/2013/451715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/451715","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the focusing properties of a double-ring-shaped azimuthally polarized beam tightly focused with a high NA lens and a binary phase filter. We observe that by using 3 belts and 5 belts binary phase filters novel focal patterns including splitting of focal rings and multiring focus are obtained. We also found that a suitably designed phase structure can shift the focal rings along optical axis. The author expects such investigation is worthwhile for optical manipulation and material processing technologies.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89686747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have calculated the energies and the Lande -factors for 5d2, 5d6s, 6s2, 4f6p, 5d7s, 5d6d, 4f2, 6p2, 6s6d, 6s7s, 4f6s, 4f5d, 5d6p, 6s6p, 4f7s, 4f6d, 5d7p, and 6s7p excited levels of singly ionized lanthanum (La II). These calculations have been carried out by using the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method within the framework of the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian (MCHF
我们计算了单电离镧(La II) 5d2、5d6s、6s2、4f6p、5d7s、5d6d、4f2、6p2、6s6d、6s7s、4f6s、4f5d、5d6p、6s6p、4f7s、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f6d、4f7s、4f6d、5d7p和6s7p激发能级的能量和朗德因子。这些计算是在Breit-Pauli hamilton (MCHF)框架内进行的
{"title":"Energy Levels and the Landé -Factors for Singly Ionized Lanthanum","authors":"B. Karaḉoban, L. Özdemir","doi":"10.1155/2013/674242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/674242","url":null,"abstract":"We have calculated the energies and the Lande -factors for 5d2, 5d6s, 6s2, 4f6p, 5d7s, 5d6d, 4f2, 6p2, 6s6d, 6s7s, 4f6s, 4f5d, 5d6p, 6s6p, 4f7s, 4f6d, 5d7p, and 6s7p excited levels of singly ionized lanthanum (La II). These calculations have been carried out by using the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method within the framework of the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian (MCHF","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87656766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Heiske, Nadja Schultz-Jensen, Nadja Schultz-Jensen, F. Leipold, J. Schmidt
Plasma-assisted pretreatment (PAP) of lignocellulosic biomass has been shown to be an efficient method to decompose lignin and consequently facilitate microbial access to cellulose and hemicellulose. In the present study, PAP was tested for its suitability to enhance bioconversion of wheat straw to methane. In thermophilic batch experiments, methane yields of up to 366 mL/g volatile solids (VSs) were achieved, accounting for a yield increase of 45%. Common lignin-derived inhibitors like 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural were not detected after PAP, but toxicity test resulted in lower methane yields at higher substrate concentrations, indicating the presence of other unidentified inhibitors. However, in a continuous lab-scale biogas reactor experiment, stable codigestion of cattle manure with 20% PAP wheat straw was demonstrated, while no signs of adverse effects on the anaerobic digestion process were observed. After the introduction of the pretreated wheat straw to the reactor, volatile fatty acid concentrations remained low and stable, while gas production increased. In co-digestion, the PAP wheat straw was converted at an average yield of 343 mL CH4/gVS.
等离子体辅助预处理(PAP)木质纤维素生物质已被证明是一种有效的方法来分解木质素，从而促进微生物获得纤维素和半纤维素。在本研究中，试验了PAP对促进麦秸转化为甲烷的适宜性。在嗜热间歇实验中，甲烷产率达到366 mL/g挥发性固体(VSs)，产率提高了45%。PAP未检测到常见的木质素衍生抑制剂，如5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)和糠醛，但毒性试验结果表明，在较高的底物浓度下，甲烷产率较低，表明存在其他未知的抑制剂。然而，在连续的实验室规模的沼气反应器实验中，牛粪与20% PAP麦秸稳定共消化，而没有观察到对厌氧消化过程产生不利影响的迹象。将预处理过的麦秸引入反应器后，挥发性脂肪酸浓度保持较低且稳定，产气量增加。在共消化过程中，PAP麦秸的平均CH4产量为343 mL /gVS。
{"title":"Improving Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw by Plasma-Assisted Pretreatment","authors":"S. Heiske, Nadja Schultz-Jensen, Nadja Schultz-Jensen, F. Leipold, J. Schmidt","doi":"10.1155/2013/791353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/791353","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma-assisted pretreatment (PAP) of lignocellulosic biomass has been shown to be an efficient method to decompose lignin and consequently facilitate microbial access to cellulose and hemicellulose. In the present study, PAP was tested for its suitability to enhance bioconversion of wheat straw to methane. In thermophilic batch experiments, methane yields of up to 366 mL/g volatile solids (VSs) were achieved, accounting for a yield increase of 45%. Common lignin-derived inhibitors like 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural were not detected after PAP, but toxicity test resulted in lower methane yields at higher substrate concentrations, indicating the presence of other unidentified inhibitors. However, in a continuous lab-scale biogas reactor experiment, stable codigestion of cattle manure with 20% PAP wheat straw was demonstrated, while no signs of adverse effects on the anaerobic digestion process were observed. After the introduction of the pretreated wheat straw to the reactor, volatile fatty acid concentrations remained low and stable, while gas production increased. In co-digestion, the PAP wheat straw was converted at an average yield of 343 mL CH4/gVS.","PeriodicalId":15106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics","volume":"2013 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84958433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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