Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419892
T. Lalitharatne, Y. Hayashi, K. Teramoto, K. Kiguchi
It may be difficult task for physically weak elderly, disabled and injured individuals to perform the day to day activities in their life. Therefore, many assistive devices have been developed in order to improve the quality of life of those people. Especially upper-limb power-assist exoskeletons have been developed since the upper limb motions are vital for the daily activities. Electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper limb muscles have sometimes been used as a primary signal to control the power assist exoskeletons since the EMG signals directly reflect the motion intention of the user. But one of the main obstacles for EMG based controller is the muscle fatigue, because the muscle fatigue might change the EMG patterns. It is important for power-assist exoskeleton to correctly assist the user for longer period of time. But it has high probability of user muscles been fatigued because users getting more and more exhausted at the end of the day. Therefore it is necessary to consider the variations of EMG signals due to the effect of muscle fatigue. In this paper it demonstrates the study which was conducted to find out the effects of muscle fatigue on the three EMG features derived from the raw EMG signals of the Bicep brachii, Deltoid-posterior, Deltoid-anterior and Supinator muscles of the upper limb. Shoulder vertical flexion/extension, shoulder abduction/adduction, elbow flexion/extension and forearm pronation/supination motions were carried out before and after a set of muscle fatiguing exercises. The three features computed in this experiment were RMS (Root Mean Square), MPF (Mean Power Frequency) and a spectral feature (FInsm5) which was proposed by Dimitrov. Comparison results of these three features of all muscles before and after the fatiguing exercises showed an percentage increase of the RMS and FInsm5 features whereas MPF showed a percentage decrease with respect to the before fatiguing conditions. The result showed that the EMG RMS may not a reliable feature to use as the only input signal in EMG based control for human upper-limb power assist in the muscle fatiguing conditions. Therefore, it is suggested that a modification method for compensating the effect of muscle fatigue is required on the EMG based control in order to have a long and reliable use of the human upper-limb power assist exoskeletons.
{"title":"A study on effects of muscle fatigue on EMG-based control for human upper-limb power-assist","authors":"T. Lalitharatne, Y. Hayashi, K. Teramoto, K. Kiguchi","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419892","url":null,"abstract":"It may be difficult task for physically weak elderly, disabled and injured individuals to perform the day to day activities in their life. Therefore, many assistive devices have been developed in order to improve the quality of life of those people. Especially upper-limb power-assist exoskeletons have been developed since the upper limb motions are vital for the daily activities. Electromyography (EMG) signals of the upper limb muscles have sometimes been used as a primary signal to control the power assist exoskeletons since the EMG signals directly reflect the motion intention of the user. But one of the main obstacles for EMG based controller is the muscle fatigue, because the muscle fatigue might change the EMG patterns. It is important for power-assist exoskeleton to correctly assist the user for longer period of time. But it has high probability of user muscles been fatigued because users getting more and more exhausted at the end of the day. Therefore it is necessary to consider the variations of EMG signals due to the effect of muscle fatigue. In this paper it demonstrates the study which was conducted to find out the effects of muscle fatigue on the three EMG features derived from the raw EMG signals of the Bicep brachii, Deltoid-posterior, Deltoid-anterior and Supinator muscles of the upper limb. Shoulder vertical flexion/extension, shoulder abduction/adduction, elbow flexion/extension and forearm pronation/supination motions were carried out before and after a set of muscle fatiguing exercises. The three features computed in this experiment were RMS (Root Mean Square), MPF (Mean Power Frequency) and a spectral feature (FInsm5) which was proposed by Dimitrov. Comparison results of these three features of all muscles before and after the fatiguing exercises showed an percentage increase of the RMS and FInsm5 features whereas MPF showed a percentage decrease with respect to the before fatiguing conditions. The result showed that the EMG RMS may not a reliable feature to use as the only input signal in EMG based control for human upper-limb power assist in the muscle fatiguing conditions. Therefore, it is suggested that a modification method for compensating the effect of muscle fatigue is required on the EMG based control in order to have a long and reliable use of the human upper-limb power assist exoskeletons.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130801563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419881
A. Abeykoon, H. R. Senevirathne
Current control is essential for torque control. But available current controllers don't provide the required facilities for torque control. Often they produce a sluggish response. In this paper we propose an embedded system based current controlling method using the disturbance observer. Dynamic model of the DC motor is analyzed electrically and mechanically. Then the proposed method is analyzed by introducing the concept of disturbance observer. Real Time Operating System (RTOS) is used in the experiment. Results show the response current variation with and without the disturbance observer. Validity of the proposed method is verified by the results.
{"title":"Disturbance observer based current controller for a brushed DC motor","authors":"A. Abeykoon, H. R. Senevirathne","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419881","url":null,"abstract":"Current control is essential for torque control. But available current controllers don't provide the required facilities for torque control. Often they produce a sluggish response. In this paper we propose an embedded system based current controlling method using the disturbance observer. Dynamic model of the DC motor is analyzed electrically and mechanically. Then the proposed method is analyzed by introducing the concept of disturbance observer. Real Time Operating System (RTOS) is used in the experiment. Results show the response current variation with and without the disturbance observer. Validity of the proposed method is verified by the results.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114639242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419903
P. Ranganathan, A. Ramanan, M. Niranjan
Support vector machine is a state-of-the-art learning machine that is used in areas, such as pattern recognition, computer vision, data mining and bioinformatics. SVMs were originally developed for solving binary classification problems, but binary SVMs have also been extended to solve the problem of multi-class pattern classification. There are different techniques employed by SVMs to tackle multi-class problems, namely oneversus-one (OVO), one-versus-all (OVA), and directed acyclic graph (DAG). When dealing with multi-class classification, one needs an appropriate technique to effectively extend these binary classification methods for multi-class classification. We address this issue by extending a novel architecture that we refer to as unbalanced decision tree (UDT). UDT is a binary decision tree arranged in a top-down manner, using the optimal margin classifier at each split to relieve the excessive time in classifying the test data when compared with the DAG-SVMs. The initial version of the UDT required a longer training time in finding the optimal model for each decision node of the tree. In this work, we have drastically reduced the excessive training time by finding the order of classifiers based on their performances during the selection of the root node and fix this order to form the hierarchy of the decision tree. UDT involves fewer classifiers than OVO, OVA and DAG -SVMs, while maintaining accuracy comparable to those standard techniques.
{"title":"An efficient and speeded-up tree for multi-class classification","authors":"P. Ranganathan, A. Ramanan, M. Niranjan","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419903","url":null,"abstract":"Support vector machine is a state-of-the-art learning machine that is used in areas, such as pattern recognition, computer vision, data mining and bioinformatics. SVMs were originally developed for solving binary classification problems, but binary SVMs have also been extended to solve the problem of multi-class pattern classification. There are different techniques employed by SVMs to tackle multi-class problems, namely oneversus-one (OVO), one-versus-all (OVA), and directed acyclic graph (DAG). When dealing with multi-class classification, one needs an appropriate technique to effectively extend these binary classification methods for multi-class classification. We address this issue by extending a novel architecture that we refer to as unbalanced decision tree (UDT). UDT is a binary decision tree arranged in a top-down manner, using the optimal margin classifier at each split to relieve the excessive time in classifying the test data when compared with the DAG-SVMs. The initial version of the UDT required a longer training time in finding the optimal model for each decision node of the tree. In this work, we have drastically reduced the excessive training time by finding the order of classifiers based on their performances during the selection of the root node and fix this order to form the hierarchy of the decision tree. UDT involves fewer classifiers than OVO, OVA and DAG -SVMs, while maintaining accuracy comparable to those standard techniques.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124322546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419905
M. Wickramasinghe, K. Gunawardana, J. Rajapakse, D. Alahakoon
Computer games are played by a diverse range of players which has as diverse preferences and strategies to overcome the game. Most of these strategies are forecasted by the developers and is addressed accordingly in game AI, so the feeling of engagement with the game is not lost. However, with time, these game AI strategies become mundane and repetitive which generally results in exploitation by the players. This could be avoided if game AI is catered towards individual user's preferences and quirks. However, this type of adaptation seems distant with the current game AI methods. One viable approach of achieving this level of personalization is to learn player tactics from the player itself and use it to adapt the game AI to create an absorbing play experience. This paper investigates the possibility of understanding decision making patterns of an individual player using play data from the 2D arcade game Pacman via an unsupervised learning approach.
{"title":"Investigating individual game-play patterns using a self-organzing map","authors":"M. Wickramasinghe, K. Gunawardana, J. Rajapakse, D. Alahakoon","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419905","url":null,"abstract":"Computer games are played by a diverse range of players which has as diverse preferences and strategies to overcome the game. Most of these strategies are forecasted by the developers and is addressed accordingly in game AI, so the feeling of engagement with the game is not lost. However, with time, these game AI strategies become mundane and repetitive which generally results in exploitation by the players. This could be avoided if game AI is catered towards individual user's preferences and quirks. However, this type of adaptation seems distant with the current game AI methods. One viable approach of achieving this level of personalization is to learn player tactics from the player itself and use it to adapt the game AI to create an absorbing play experience. This paper investigates the possibility of understanding decision making patterns of an individual player using play data from the 2D arcade game Pacman via an unsupervised learning approach.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130449227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419899
Wei Huang, Hongtao Lu
A defect classification algorithm with bag of visual words approach for thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) manufacturing is proposed in this paper. Color and SIFT features are introduced to describe defect region. Visual words vocabularies are learnt separated for each features. The two features are separately coded in bag of visual words and combined by multiple chi-square kernel SVM. Classifier performances with different parameters are compared in experiments. Finally a good enough classifier for identifying 5 classes of defect is achieved.
{"title":"Defect classification of TFT-LCD with bag of visual words approach","authors":"Wei Huang, Hongtao Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419899","url":null,"abstract":"A defect classification algorithm with bag of visual words approach for thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) manufacturing is proposed in this paper. Color and SIFT features are introduced to describe defect region. Visual words vocabularies are learnt separated for each features. The two features are separately coded in bag of visual words and combined by multiple chi-square kernel SVM. Classifier performances with different parameters are compared in experiments. Finally a good enough classifier for identifying 5 classes of defect is achieved.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114862906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419900
K. T. Buddhika, D. Jayamanne, P. P. Wljegunawardana, R. C. Gunasekera, U. Kohomban
Accurate decision making is the key to make a business profitable. Decision support systems are used to make the decision making process accurate and easy. Even though there are many business specific decision support systems they cannot be used for general purpose decision making or outside their domain. DecisionAI provides a framework which can be used in any decision making domain with similar decision types. DecisionAI provides a good solution to many decision making problems in the industry allowing detailed analysis of data with the integrated intelligence.
{"title":"DecisionAI: A framework to automate the decision making process","authors":"K. T. Buddhika, D. Jayamanne, P. P. Wljegunawardana, R. C. Gunasekera, U. Kohomban","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419900","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate decision making is the key to make a business profitable. Decision support systems are used to make the decision making process accurate and easy. Even though there are many business specific decision support systems they cannot be used for general purpose decision making or outside their domain. DecisionAI provides a framework which can be used in any decision making domain with similar decision types. DecisionAI provides a good solution to many decision making problems in the industry allowing detailed analysis of data with the integrated intelligence.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123001128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid development of Electric Vehicles (EVs), large-scale charging requirement will heavily impact the existing power grid. So there is an urgent need for coordinating control to avoid it in smart grids. Demand side management reducing charging rate at peak load and rescheduling charging process at appropriate time such as low grid load can be used to solve this issue. This paper proposed a coordinating control charging management system for EVs charging station, which is comprised of single-node charging controllers and a centralized management system. Electric Vehicle Charging Controller (EVCC) implemented via PWM signal to control charging current and charging time. As a crucial component of centralized control, Smart Electric Vehicles Charging Management System (EVCMS) obtains charging data and transmits control instructions via ZigBee and GPRS wireless communication networks technology. For calculating the charging current that each EV needs, a model of battery State-Of-Charge (SOC) is included, and each EVCC gets initial battery SOC, battery capacity and other data through CAN-Bus. In the end, the design of ZigBee and GPRS is discussed, and this two-way wireless communication networks is low power consumption, small size, high reliability, and easy expansion.
{"title":"Research of smart charging management system for Electric Vehicles based on wireless communication networks","authors":"Zengquan Yuan, Haiping Xu, Huachun Han, Yingjie Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419910","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of Electric Vehicles (EVs), large-scale charging requirement will heavily impact the existing power grid. So there is an urgent need for coordinating control to avoid it in smart grids. Demand side management reducing charging rate at peak load and rescheduling charging process at appropriate time such as low grid load can be used to solve this issue. This paper proposed a coordinating control charging management system for EVs charging station, which is comprised of single-node charging controllers and a centralized management system. Electric Vehicle Charging Controller (EVCC) implemented via PWM signal to control charging current and charging time. As a crucial component of centralized control, Smart Electric Vehicles Charging Management System (EVCMS) obtains charging data and transmits control instructions via ZigBee and GPRS wireless communication networks technology. For calculating the charging current that each EV needs, a model of battery State-Of-Charge (SOC) is included, and each EVCC gets initial battery SOC, battery capacity and other data through CAN-Bus. In the end, the design of ZigBee and GPRS is discussed, and this two-way wireless communication networks is low power consumption, small size, high reliability, and easy expansion.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116623487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419882
H. R. Senevirathne, A. Abeykoon, M. Pillai
Motion control usually includes the precise control of position/velocity and acceleration control while accurate acceleration control is not useful in many applications. Traditional position/velocity control is derived by feedback based, PID controllers. However the disturbance observer further increases the stability and robustness of the controller. In this paper we assess the effectiveness of the Disturbance Observer working together with a tuned PID controller. Velocity response is compared with and without the disturbance observer. The proposed disturbance observer based velocity controller produce better results than the traditional velocity controller.
{"title":"Disturbance rejection analysis of a disturbance observer based velocity controller","authors":"H. R. Senevirathne, A. Abeykoon, M. Pillai","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419882","url":null,"abstract":"Motion control usually includes the precise control of position/velocity and acceleration control while accurate acceleration control is not useful in many applications. Traditional position/velocity control is derived by feedback based, PID controllers. However the disturbance observer further increases the stability and robustness of the controller. In this paper we assess the effectiveness of the Disturbance Observer working together with a tuned PID controller. Velocity response is compared with and without the disturbance observer. The proposed disturbance observer based velocity controller produce better results than the traditional velocity controller.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125260066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419904
Si Chen, Li-na Ling, Rong-chang Yuan, Long-qing Sun
Grade classification of seed cotton is a major problem that has an significant impact on the agricultural economy. According to characteristics like impurities, yellowness and brightness that extract from images of seed cotton, constructing classification model of seed cotton base on the least square method. Using support vector machine regression to come up with a well improved algorithm. After full learning, seed cotton classification accuracy satisfy the actual application needs.
{"title":"Classification model of seed cotton grade based on least square support vector machine regression method","authors":"Si Chen, Li-na Ling, Rong-chang Yuan, Long-qing Sun","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419904","url":null,"abstract":"Grade classification of seed cotton is a major problem that has an significant impact on the agricultural economy. According to characteristics like impurities, yellowness and brightness that extract from images of seed cotton, constructing classification model of seed cotton base on the least square method. Using support vector machine regression to come up with a well improved algorithm. After full learning, seed cotton classification accuracy satisfy the actual application needs.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133597368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6420036
B. Annasiwaththa, R. Munasinghe, P. Fernando, P. Leimgruber
A satellite elephant collar is a device mounted on an elephant's neck to track its position and movements. This information is essential for conservation and management of this highly endangered species. Currently available units are proprietary designs by few manufacturers and no literature can be found about their internal operation. This lack of published information hampers the evolution and development of future collaring systems with increased features and functionalities for research, conservation and management. Critical issues for improvement include live time of the collar, which is related to power consumption and operational modes of the unites, and remote programmability allowing for changes in data acquisition during deployment. Most commercially available collars lack the ability to change data acquisition schedules remotely over the air, and therefore data acquisition is un-optimized, which is directly responsible for un-optimized power consumption. This research was conducted to develop a satellite elephant collar with improved lifetime and remote programmability. A second purpose of our research was to make information on how to built elephant collars needs to become widely available to the user community,. This paper presents the particular issue of power optimization of satellite elephant collars. A functional test collar was designed using general purpose electronic components and a number of software and hardware optimization methods used during development which are presented in this paper. An expected life time over 580 days was achieved with eight D size Ultralife U10015 batteries for the prototype collar.
{"title":"Design and development of power optimized satellite elephant collar with over the air programmability","authors":"B. Annasiwaththa, R. Munasinghe, P. Fernando, P. Leimgruber","doi":"10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6420036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6420036","url":null,"abstract":"A satellite elephant collar is a device mounted on an elephant's neck to track its position and movements. This information is essential for conservation and management of this highly endangered species. Currently available units are proprietary designs by few manufacturers and no literature can be found about their internal operation. This lack of published information hampers the evolution and development of future collaring systems with increased features and functionalities for research, conservation and management. Critical issues for improvement include live time of the collar, which is related to power consumption and operational modes of the unites, and remote programmability allowing for changes in data acquisition during deployment. Most commercially available collars lack the ability to change data acquisition schedules remotely over the air, and therefore data acquisition is un-optimized, which is directly responsible for un-optimized power consumption. This research was conducted to develop a satellite elephant collar with improved lifetime and remote programmability. A second purpose of our research was to make information on how to built elephant collars needs to become widely available to the user community,. This paper presents the particular issue of power optimization of satellite elephant collars. A functional test collar was designed using general purpose electronic components and a number of software and hardware optimization methods used during development which are presented in this paper. An expected life time over 580 days was achieved with eight D size Ultralife U10015 batteries for the prototype collar.","PeriodicalId":151240,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134061941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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