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2017 43rd Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)最新文献

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A Survey on the Importance of Object-Oriented Design Best Practices 面向对象设计最佳实践的重要性综述
Johannes Bräuer, Reinhold Plösch, Matthias Saft, Christian Körner
To measure object-oriented design quality, metric-based approaches have been established. These have then been enhanced by identifying design smells in code. While these approaches are useful for identifying hot spots that should be refactored, they are still too vague to sufficiently guide software developers to implement improvements. This is why our previous work focuses on measuring the compliance of source code with object-oriented design best practices. These design best practices were systematically derived from the literature and can be mapped to design principles, which can help reveal fundamental object-oriented design issues in a software product. Despite the successful applications of this approach in industrial and open source projects, there is little accepted knowledge about the importance of various design best practices. Consequently, this paper shows the result of an online survey aimed at identifying the importance of 49 design best practices on design quality. In total, 214 people participated in the survey, resulting in an average of 138 opinions for each practice. Based on these opinions, five very important, 21 important, 12 moderately important and 11 unimportant design best practices could be derived. This information about importance helps managing design improvements in a focused way.
为了测量面向对象的设计质量,已经建立了基于度量的方法。然后通过识别代码中的设计气味来增强这些功能。虽然这些方法对于确定应该重构的热点很有用,但它们仍然太模糊,无法充分指导软件开发人员实现改进。这就是为什么我们之前的工作关注于度量源代码与面向对象设计最佳实践的遵从性。这些设计最佳实践是从文献中系统地衍生出来的,并且可以映射到设计原则,这可以帮助揭示软件产品中基本的面向对象设计问题。尽管这种方法在工业和开源项目中得到了成功的应用,但是关于各种设计最佳实践的重要性的公认知识却很少。因此,本文展示了一项在线调查的结果,旨在确定49个设计最佳实践对设计质量的重要性。共有214人参与了这项调查,平均每个做法有138条意见。基于这些观点,可以得出5个非常重要的设计最佳实践,21个重要的,12个中等重要的和11个不重要的设计最佳实践。这些关于重要性的信息有助于以集中的方式管理设计改进。
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引用次数: 6
A Comparative Study on Linear Combination Rules for Ensemble Effort Estimation 集成努力估计中线性组合规则的比较研究
S. Amasaki
Context: Software effort estimation is a critical factor for project success. A new approach called ensemble effort estimation gets popular because of its performance. While many combination rules have been proposed, they were only compared in a systematic literature review. Objective: To compare linear combination rules proposed in the past studies under the same condition based on empirical approach. Method: We conducted an experiment with 9 linear combination rules, 7 datasets, and 4 effort estimation models. Results: We found 6 out of 9 linear combination rules never underperformed its base learners. No linear combination rule was superior to the others. Conclusion: No definitive rule was found while some linear combination rules can give competitive or better estimates than its base learners.
背景:软件工作量评估是项目成功的关键因素。一种称为集成工作量估计的新方法因其性能而受到欢迎。虽然已经提出了许多组合规则,但它们仅在系统的文献综述中进行了比较。目的:以实证方法比较以往研究中提出的相同条件下的线性组合规则。方法:采用9条线性组合规则、7个数据集、4个工作量估算模型进行实验。结果:我们发现9个线性组合规则中有6个从未表现不佳。无线性组合规则优于其他规则。结论:没有明确的规则,而一些线性组合规则可以提供竞争或更好的估计比它的基础学习器。
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引用次数: 2
Towards Execution Time Prediction for Manual Test Cases from Test Specification 从测试规范中预测手工测试用例的执行时间
S. Tahvili, Mehrdad Saadatmand, M. Bohlin, W. Afzal, Sharvathul Hasan Ameerjan
Knowing the execution time of test cases is importantto perform test scheduling, prioritization and progressmonitoring. This work in progress paper presents a novelapproach for predicting the execution time of test cases basedon test specifications and available historical data on previouslyexecuted test cases. Our approach works by extractingtiming information (measured and maximum execution time)for various steps in manual test cases. This information is thenused to estimate the maximum time for test steps that have notpreviously been executed, but for which textual specificationsexist. As part of our approach, natural language parsing ofthe specifications is performed to identify word combinationsto check whether existing timing information on various testactivities is already available or not. Finally, linear regressionis used to predict the actual execution time for test cases. A proof-of-concept use case at Bombardier Transportationserves to evaluate the proposed approach.
了解测试用例的执行时间对于执行测试调度、优先级排序和进度监控非常重要。这篇正在进行的论文提出了一种新的方法来预测测试用例的执行时间,该方法基于测试规范和先前执行的测试用例的可用历史数据。我们的方法通过提取手动测试用例中各个步骤的计时信息(测量的和最大执行时间)来工作。然后,这些信息被用来估计以前没有执行的测试步骤的最大时间,但是对于文本规范是不存在的。作为我们方法的一部分,执行规范的自然语言解析以识别单词组合,以检查各种测试活动的现有计时信息是否已经可用。最后,线性回归用于预测测试用例的实际执行时间。庞巴迪运输公司的一个概念验证用例用于评估所提出的方法。
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引用次数: 10
An Automated Feedback-Based Approach to Support Mobile App Development 支持移动应用开发的自动反馈方法
Simon André Scherr, Frank Elberzhager, Konstantin Holl
The acceptance of mobile applications is highly dependent on the realized set of features and on the quality of the application. Information about their acceptance can be gained quickly by collecting and analyzing user feedback such as explicit textual reviews provided by an application's users or implicitly provided usage data. With an approach based on developing a minimal set of functions in order to realize a minimum viable product (MVP), it is possible to put a product on the market within a short amount of time. Currently, the elicitation, analysis, and processing of user feedback is unfocused and takes too much time and effort to mitigate the poor quality of the application. Hence, we outline an approach named Opti4Apps, which is aimed at tailored quality assurance as part of MVP development and enables and expands the benefits of an MVP by providing a semiautomated feedback elicitation, analysis, and processing framework. This is intended to raise the effectiveness and efficiency of early user feedback consideration during further development in order to assure the quality and acceptance of an app as an MVP. We will present the overall structure as well as the process behind the Opti4Apps framework. As proof-ofconcept, we implemented an initial prototype of our idea, focused on textual user feedback.
移动应用程序的接受程度高度依赖于已实现的功能集和应用程序的质量。通过收集和分析用户反馈,例如应用程序用户提供的显式文本评论或隐式提供的使用数据,可以快速获得关于用户接受度的信息。通过基于开发最小功能集的方法来实现最小可行产品(MVP),可以在短时间内将产品推向市场。目前,用户反馈的引出、分析和处理是没有重点的,并且花费了太多的时间和精力来减轻应用程序的低质量。因此,我们概述了一种名为Opti4Apps的方法,该方法旨在将定制的质量保证作为MVP开发的一部分,并通过提供半自动化的反馈提取、分析和处理框架来实现和扩展MVP的优势。这是为了在进一步开发过程中提高早期用户反馈的有效性和效率,以确保应用的质量和被接受程度成为MVP。我们将介绍总体结构以及Opti4Apps框架背后的过程。作为概念验证,我们实现了我们想法的初始原型,专注于文本用户反馈。
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引用次数: 14
A Domain-Specific Language for Coordinating Collaboration 用于协调协作的领域特定语言
Christoph Mayr-Dorn, Christoph Laaber
Manually managing collaboration becomes a problem in distributed software engineering environments. Individual engineers easily loose track of who to involve and when. The result is lack of communication, alternatively communication overload, leading to errors and rework. This paper presents a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) for scripting of collaboration structures and their evolution. We demonstrate the DSL's benefits and expressiveness for setting up an iteration planning meeting in an agile development setting.
手动管理协作成为分布式软件工程环境中的一个问题。单个工程师很容易不知道该让谁以及何时参与。结果是缺乏沟通,或者沟通过载,导致错误和返工。本文提出了一种领域特定语言(DSL),用于编写协作结构的脚本及其演变。我们演示了DSL在敏捷开发环境中建立迭代计划会议的好处和表现力。
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引用次数: 2
Technical Debt Principal Assessment Through Structural Metrics 通过结构度量进行技术债务本金评估
Makrina Viola Kosti, Apostolos Ampatzoglou, A. Chatzigeorgiou, Georgios Pallas, I. Stamelos, L. Angelis
One of the first steps towards the effective Technical Debt (TD) management is the quantification and continuous monitoring of the TD principal. In the current state-ofresearch and practice the most common ways to assess TD principal are the use of: (a) structural proxies—i.e., most commonly through quality metrics; and (b) monetized proxies—i.e., most commonly through the use of the SQALE (Software Quality Assessment based on Lifecycle Expectations) method. Although both approaches have merit, they seem to rely on different viewpoints of TD and their levels of agreement have not been evaluated so far. Therefore, in this paper, we empirically explore this relation by analyzing data obtained from 20 open source software projects and build a regression model that establishes a relationship between them. The results of the study suggest that a model of seven structural metrics, quantifying different aspects of quality (i.e., coupling, cohesion, complexity, size, and inheritance) can accurately estimate TD principal as appraised by SonarQube. The results of this case study are useful to both academia and industry. In particular, academia can gain knowledge on: (a) the reliability and agreement of TD principal assessment methods and (b) the structural characteristics of software that contribute to the accumulation of TD, whereas practitioners are provided with an alternative evaluation model with reduced number of parameters that can accurately assess TD, through traditional software quality metrics and tools.
对技术债务进行有效管理的第一步是对技术债务本金进行量化和持续监控。在目前的研究和实践中,评估TD本金最常见的方法是使用:(a)结构性代理,即:,最常见的是通过质量指标;(b)货币化代理。,最常见的是通过使用SQALE(基于生命周期期望的软件质量评估)方法。虽然这两种方法都有优点,但它们似乎依赖于不同的TD观点,而且迄今为止它们的一致程度尚未得到评估。因此,本文通过对20个开源软件项目数据的分析,实证探讨了二者之间的关系,并建立了回归模型,建立了二者之间的关系。研究结果表明,量化质量不同方面(即耦合、内聚、复杂性、大小和继承)的七个结构度量模型可以准确地估计SonarQube评价的TD本金。本案例研究的结果对学术界和工业界都有借鉴意义。特别是,学术界可以获得以下方面的知识:(a)开发开发主要评估方法的可靠性和一致性,以及(b)有助于开发开发积累的软件的结构特征,而从业者则可以通过传统的软件质量度量和工具,获得一种可替代的评估模型,该模型的参数数量减少,可以准确地评估开发开发。
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引用次数: 17
Mining People Analytics from StackOverflow Job Advertisements 从StackOverflow招聘广告中挖掘人员分析
M. Papoutsoglou, N. Mittas, L. Angelis
Skills and competences of people participating in online professional networks constitute an ever-increasing new source for data collection and analysis. An important sub-domain of human resources management (HRM) is the recruitment process. Job advertisements and people profiles are main parts of recruitment and since are now available online, they constitute a key factor of a new e-recruitment era. Data mining for erecruitment analysis is important in order to extract a knowledge base for people analytics. Skills and competences are the key variables for people analytics and can be drawn from job advertisements. Leveraging the raw information of online job offers, provides a rich source for people analytics. Detecting the appropriate skills and competences for a job from raw text data and associate them with a job seeker is an increasing challenge. The main objective of this paper is the proposal of a framework aiming to collect online job advertisements from a web source which concerns IT job offers and to extract from the raw text the required skills and competences for specific jobs. The selected professional networking web source is StackOverflow and multivariate statistical data analysis was used to test the correlations between skills and competences in the job offers dataset. The present work falls in a relatively new field of research, concerning the competence mining of peopleware data with special focus on software development.
参与在线专业网络的人员的技能和能力构成了不断增加的数据收集和分析的新来源。人力资源管理(HRM)的一个重要子领域是招聘过程。招聘广告和个人简介是招聘的主要部分,因为现在可以在网上找到,它们构成了一个新的电子招聘时代的关键因素。招聘分析的数据挖掘对于提取人员分析的知识库非常重要。技能和能力是人员分析的关键变量,可以从招聘广告中得出。利用在线工作机会的原始信息,为人员分析提供了丰富的资源。从原始文本数据中发现适合工作的技能和能力,并将其与求职者联系起来,这是一个越来越大的挑战。本文的主要目标是提出一个框架,旨在从涉及IT工作机会的网络来源收集在线招聘广告,并从原始文本中提取特定工作所需的技能和能力。选择的专业网络资源是StackOverflow,并使用多元统计数据分析来测试工作机会数据集中技能和能力之间的相关性。目前的工作属于一个相对较新的研究领域,涉及人件数据的能力挖掘,特别关注软件开发。
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引用次数: 34
Towards a Mapping of Software Technical Debt onto Testware 软件技术债务到测试软件的映射
Emil Alégroth, J. Gonzalez-Huerta
Technical Debt (TD) is a metaphor used to explain the negative impacts that sub-optimal design decisions have in the long-term perspective of a software project. Although TD is acknowledged by both researchers and practitioners to have strong negative impact on Software development, its study on Testware has so far been very limited. A gap in knowledge that is important to address due to the growing popularity of Testware (scripted automated testing) in software development practice.In this paper we present a mapping analysis that connects 21 well-known, Software, object-oriented TD items to Testware, establishing them as Testware Technical Debt (TTD) items. The analysis indicates that most Software TD items are applicable or observable as TTD items, often in similar form and with roughly the same impact as for Software artifacts (e.g. reducing quality of the produced artifacts, lowering the effectiveness and efficiency of the development process whilst increasing costs). In the analysis, we also identify three types of connections between software TD and TTD items with varying levels of impact and criticality. Additionally, the study finds support for previous research results in which specific TTD items unique to Testware were identified. Finally, the paper outlines several areas of future research into TTD.
技术债务(TD)是一个比喻,用来解释次优设计决策在软件项目的长期前景中所产生的负面影响。尽管研究人员和实践者都承认开发测试对软件开发有强烈的负面影响,但迄今为止,对测试软件的研究非常有限。由于在软件开发实践中Testware(脚本化的自动化测试)的日益流行,需要解决的知识鸿沟非常重要。在本文中,我们提出了一个映射分析,将21个众所周知的、软件的、面向对象的TD项目连接到测试软件中,并将它们建立为测试软件技术债务(TTD)项目。分析表明,大多数软件开发项目都可以应用或观察到TTD项目,通常以类似的形式出现,并且与软件工件具有大致相同的影响(例如,降低生产工件的质量,降低开发过程的有效性和效率,同时增加成本)。在分析中,我们还确定了具有不同影响和临界程度的软件TD和TTD项目之间的三种类型的联系。此外,该研究发现支持先前的研究结果,其中特定的TTD项目独特的Testware被确定。最后,本文概述了TTD未来研究的几个领域。
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引用次数: 6
An Interview Study on Sustainability Concerns in Software Development Projects 软件开发项目中可持续性问题的访谈研究
Iris Groher, R. Weinreich
In recent years, there has been growing interest in research on sustainability in software engineering. Despite active research in this area, there is still a lack of understanding of how sustainability is perceived by software professionals. To understand how software sustainability is currently dealt with in practice, we performed an interview study with 10 software project team leads from nine companies in Austria. Our study shows that practitioners regard software sustainability as important but are technically minded with respect to sustainability. Organizational and economic issues are addressed, but environmental considerations are missing. The perceived influence of various project factors on sustainability is partly diverse, suggesting that the meaning of sustainability needs to be refined for the specific project and application context.
近年来,人们对软件工程中可持续性的研究越来越感兴趣。尽管在这一领域进行了积极的研究,但仍然缺乏对软件专业人员如何感知可持续性的理解。为了了解软件可持续性目前在实践中是如何处理的,我们对来自奥地利9家公司的10个软件项目团队负责人进行了采访研究。我们的研究表明,实践者认为软件的可持续性是重要的,但是在技术上考虑到可持续性。解决了组织和经济问题,但缺少对环境的考虑。各种项目因素对可持续性的影响在一定程度上是不同的,这表明可持续性的含义需要根据具体的项目和应用情况加以细化。
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引用次数: 29
A Systematic Mapping Study on DSL Evolution DSL演化的系统映射研究
Jürgen Thanhofer-Pilisch, Alexander Lang, Michael Vierhauser, Rick Rabiser
Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are frequently used in software engineering. In contrast to general-purpose languages, DSLs are designed for a special purpose in a particular domain. Due to volatile user requirements and new technologies DSLs, similar to the software systems they describe or produce, are subject to continuous evolution. This work explores existing research on DSL evolution to summarize, structure and analyze this area of research, and to identify trends and open issues. We conducted a systematic mapping study and identified 98 papers as potentially relevant for our study. By applying inclusion and exclusion criteria we selected a set of 34 papers relevant for DSL evolution. We classified and analyzed these papers to create a map of the research field. We conclude that DSL evolution is a topic of increasing relevancy. However, research on language evolution so far did not focus much on the characteristics DSLs exhibit. Also, there are not many cross-references between our primary studies meaning researchers are often not aware of potentially useful work. Our study results help researchers and practitioners working on DSL-based approaches to get an overview of existing research on DSL evolution and open challenges.
领域特定语言(dsl)在软件工程中经常使用。与通用语言相比,dsl是为特定领域中的特殊目的而设计的。由于多变的用户需求和新技术,dsl与它们所描述或产生的软件系统类似,受到不断发展的影响。这项工作探索了DSL发展的现有研究,以总结、构建和分析这一研究领域,并确定趋势和开放问题。我们进行了一项系统的测绘研究,并确定了98篇可能与我们的研究相关的论文。通过应用纳入和排除标准,我们选择了一组34篇与DSL发展相关的论文。我们对这些论文进行分类和分析,以绘制研究领域的地图。我们得出结论,DSL的发展是一个日益相关的话题。然而,到目前为止,对语言进化的研究并没有过多地关注dsl所表现出的特征。此外,我们的主要研究之间没有太多的交叉参考,这意味着研究人员通常没有意识到潜在的有用工作。我们的研究结果有助于研究基于DSL方法的研究人员和实践者对DSL发展和开放挑战的现有研究进行概述。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
2017 43rd Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)
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