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Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Multiple Damped Sinusoids by Using Newton's Iterations and Improved Initialization 基于牛顿迭代和改进初始化的多阻尼正弦波极大似然估计
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572423
Jeng-Kuang Hwang, Jiunn-Horng Denq
The maximum likelihood parameter estimation of multiple damped sinusoids in noise is considered in this paper. Since the damped signal decays exponentially with time and each signal has two parameters to estimate, the ML criterion is very Mcu l t to optimize. In computing the MLE, it is noted that the convergence performance of the iterative algorithm is highly sensitive to the initial point. Thus we resort to a Newton-type ML algorithm equipped with an improved initialization scheme, which comkts of a robust state-space method followed by a reibing alternating " b a t i o n (AM) procedure. Performance simutation shows that the overall ML algorithm can achieve the CR bound with a lower threshold SNR than other existing methods. lies on how to optimize the highly nonlinear and multidimensional ML Criterion [3-51. As is well known, a key to the global convergence of the ML algorithm is the determination of the initial point. In this paper, we present a two-step initialization scheme for finding a more stable initial point. The first step is a polynomialbased state space method that can resuit in stable estimates of the damping fixtors, and the second step is a rething alternating " b a t i o n (AM) methd used to find more accurate frequency estimates [4]. Once the initialization is completed, Newton-type iterations similar to that in [5] are perfiormed in the main loop to optimize the ML criterion. In the following sections, we will present the problem formulation and the overall ML algorithm. Then its superior performance, as compared to other methods, is confirmed by computer simulations.
研究了噪声条件下多阻尼正弦波的最大似然参数估计问题。由于阻尼信号随时间呈指数衰减,并且每个信号都有两个参数需要估计,因此ML准则非常容易优化。在计算MLE时,注意到迭代算法的收敛性能对初始点高度敏感。因此,我们采用牛顿型机器学习算法,该算法配备了改进的初始化方案,该方案包括鲁棒状态空间方法,然后是控制交替的“b - a - i - o - n (AM)”过程。性能仿真表明,整体ML算法能够以较低的信噪比实现CR边界。在于如何优化高度非线性和多维的ML准则[3-51]。众所周知,ML算法全局收敛的关键是初始点的确定。在本文中,我们提出了一个两步初始化方案来寻找一个更稳定的初始点。第一步是基于多项式的状态空间方法,该方法可以得到阻尼固定器的稳定估计,第二步是一种交替的“b - a - i - o - n (AM)”方法,用于找到更准确的频率估计[4]。初始化完成后,在主循环中执行类似于[5]的牛顿型迭代来优化ML标准。在接下来的章节中,我们将介绍问题的表述和整个ML算法。并通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Properties of the Evolutionary Maximum Entropy Spectral Estimator 演化最大熵谱估计器的性质
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572494
S.I. Shah, L. Chaparro, A. El-Jaroudi
2. EVOLUTIONARY MAXIMUM ENTROPY ESTIMATION Using maximum entropy spectral analysis and the theThe Wold-Cramer representation [4] of a non-stationary by considering it the output of a linear timevarying system (LTV) with white noise as input: ory of the Wold-Cramer evolutionary spectrum we develop signal is the evolutionary maximum entropy @ME) estimator for non-stationary signals. The EME estimation reduces to the fitting of a time-varying autoregressive model to the Fourier coefficients of the evolutionary spectrum. The model parameters are efficientlv found bv means of the Levinson alH(n, w)ejwndZ(w) (1) gorithm. Just as in the stationary case, the EME estimator provides very good frequency resolution and can be used to obtain autoregressive models. In this paper, we present the EME estimator and discuss some of its properties. Our aim is to show that the EME estimator has analogous properties to the classical ME estimator for stationary signals.
2. 利用最大熵谱分析和非平稳的world - cramer表示[4],将其视为线性时变系统(LTV)的输出,白噪声作为输入,我们开发的信号是非平稳信号的演化最大熵@ME估计器。EME估计可简化为演化谱傅立叶系数的时变自回归模型拟合。利用Levinson alH(n, w)ejwndZ(w)(1)算法的均值有效地求出模型参数。就像在平稳情况下一样,EME估计器提供了非常好的频率分辨率,可以用来获得自回归模型。本文给出了EME估计量,并讨论了它的一些性质。我们的目的是表明,对于平稳信号,EME估计器具有与经典ME估计器类似的性质。
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引用次数: 1
Image Modeling And Restoration By Higher-order Statistics Based Inverse Filters 基于高阶统计量的反滤波图像建模与恢复
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572479
Chien-Chung Hsiao, Chong-Yung Chi
This paper presents image modeling and restoration by higher-order statistics based 2-D inverse filters. A given original image +(m, n) is processed by an optimum inverse filter v(m, n) which is designed by maximizing cumulant based criteria J r ,m = ICmlr/ICrlm where r is even, m > T 2 2 and C,,, (Cr) denotes mthorder (rth-order cumulant of the output e(m,n) of be modeled as the output of a linear shift-invariant (LSI) system h(m, n) driven by e(m, n) where h(m, n) is a stable inverse filter of v(m,n) . When a blurred image y(m,n) = t(m,n) * g(m,n,) rather than the original image z(m, n) is given, t (m, n) can be restored by first estimating e (m,n) using the previous inverse filter criteria and then obtain t(m,n) = e(m, n) * h(m, n). Some experimental results are provided to support the proposed image modeling and restoration method. the 2-D inverse A Iter. The original image z (m, n) can
本文提出了基于二维反滤波器的高阶统计量图像建模和恢复方法。给定的原始图像+(m, n)由一个最优逆滤波器v(m,n)处理,该滤波器是根据最大化累积量准则J r,m = ICmlr/ICrlm(其中r为偶数,m > t22和C…)设计的,(Cr)表示该滤波器的输出e(m,n)的m阶(n阶)累积量,该滤波器被建模为由e(m,n)驱动的线性平移不变(LSI)系统h(m, n)的输出,其中h(m, n)是v(m,n)的稳定逆滤波器。当给定模糊图像y(m,n) = t(m,n) * g(m,n,)而不是原始图像z(m, n)时,首先利用之前的反滤波准则估计e(m, n),然后得到t(m,n) = e(m, n) * h(m, n),可以恢复t(m,n)。实验结果支持了所提出的图像建模和恢复方法。二维逆Iter。原始图像z (m, n)可以
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引用次数: 1
Estimation of Signal Parameters for Optimal Array Filters 最优阵列滤波器信号参数估计
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572504
P. Musumeci
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引用次数: 0
On Time Delay Estimation 关于时延估计
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572438
H. Messer, P. M. Schultheiss
An important signal parameter estimation problem is time-delay estimation. Here the unknown is the time origin of the signal: s (l, θ) = s (l − θ). The duration of the signal (the domain over which the signal is de ned) is assumed brief compared with the observation interval L. Although in continuous time the signal delay is a continuous-valued variable, in discrete time it is not. Consequently, the maximum likelihood estimate cannot be found by di erentiation, and we must determine the maximum likelihood estimate of signal delay by the most fundamental expression of the maximization procedure. Assuming Gaussian noise, the maximum likelihood estimate of delay is the solution of
信号参数估计的一个重要问题是时延估计。这里的未知数是信号的时间原点:s (l, θ) = s (l−θ)。与观测区间l相比,假设信号的持续时间(信号被定义的域)较短。虽然在连续时间中信号延迟是一个连续值变量,但在离散时间中它不是。因此,不能用微分法求最大似然估计,必须用最大化过程的最基本表达式来确定信号延迟的最大似然估计。假设高斯噪声,时延的最大似然估计是
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引用次数: 87
Estimation of Multichannel Mixed Spectra 多通道混合光谱的估计
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572425
V. Nagesha, S. Kay
Statistical inference for vector time series having a mixed spectral representation is considered. The approach is to use a finite-parameter model and compute the maximum likelihood estimates of the underlying descriptors. Statistically/computationally efficient implementations are studied.
考虑了具有混合谱表示的矢量时间序列的统计推断。该方法是使用有限参数模型并计算底层描述符的最大似然估计。研究了统计/计算效率的实现。
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引用次数: 7
Set Theoretic Signal Processing 集合论信号处理
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572418
P. L. Combettes
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引用次数: 1
Multisensor Automatic Target Classification with Neural Networks 基于神经网络的多传感器目标自动分类
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572531
Fengzhen Wang, T. Lo, J. Litva, É. Bossé
This paper presents the multisensor data fusion for airborne target classification with artificial neural network. A feature set, which possesses the dominant characteristics of targets and has a certain dynamic range, is chosen. The entire system consists of identification nets (IN) and classification net (CN). Each identification network is used to extract a particular feature of the target, then the outputs of identification networks are fused by classification network, in which the neural network acts as a decision making processor. In the paper, multilayer perceptrons neural networks trained by back-propagation (BP) rule are discussed. In order to speed up the training or decrease the number of epoch in learning process, both momentum and adaptive learning rate methods are used. The simulation results show that the technique of automatic target classification using neural networks can achieve robust decision performance.
提出了一种基于人工神经网络的机载目标分类多传感器数据融合方法。选取具有目标主体特征并具有一定动态范围的特征集。整个系统包括识别网(IN)和分类网(CN)。每个识别网络用于提取目标的特定特征,然后通过分类网络对识别网络的输出进行融合,其中神经网络作为决策处理器。本文讨论了基于BP规则训练的多层感知器神经网络。为了加快训练速度或减少学习过程中的历元数,采用了动量法和自适应学习率法。仿真结果表明,基于神经网络的目标自动分类技术具有较好的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Spectral Design of Randomized Pulse Width Modulation in DC to AC Converters 直流-交流变换器随机脉宽调制的频谱设计
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572524
R. Kirlin, A. Trzynadlowski
This paper presents several new results and ideas. First the harmonic spectrum and power spectral density (noise density) of random width modulation for minimum loss vector PWM is analyzed and plots for one case of modulation and randomization parameters are given. As a result of the analysis of this modulation scheme, a novel time-domain formulation (autocorrelation) of the spectral information is presented. In this form we find all of the necessary details for understanding the mechanisms of general randomization schemes for suppressing harmonics and converting harmonic power to the noise spectral density. The insights found in the autocorrelation expressions allow at least one optimum design of the randomization parameters of any PWM method. The proposed optimization is but one of many indicated and implied by our methods. Introduction Research on random pulse width modulation (RPWM) techniques for static power converters, mainly three -phase inverters, has recently gained momentum. Initiated by our paper [l] in 1987, in 1992 alone the studies on various WWM issues were reported in over a dozen publications [2]. The RPWM techniques have been found to significantly improve the noise and vibration characteristics of converter-fed motors in adjustable speed drive systems [3,4]. Figure 1 shows both deterministic and random switching rate or random width P W M signals for producing ac from a dc source. The deterministic pattern is often calculated to maximize fundamental power while sometimes nulling or minimizing some selected harmonics. However all deterministic modulations have exactly the same switching patterns in all periods of the fundamental. This naturally leads to harmonics. The basic principle of RPWM consists in introduction of a random factor to the switching patterns of the controlled converter. With regard to three-phase inverters, each cycle of the output voltage is generated by a different randomized combination of pulses of the a(t) deterministic PWM T I
本文提出了一些新的结果和观点。首先分析了最小损耗矢量PWM随机宽度调制的谐波谱和功率谱密度(噪声密度),并给出了一种调制和随机化参数的图。通过对该调制方案的分析,提出了一种新的频谱信息时域自相关公式。在这种形式中,我们找到了理解用于抑制谐波和将谐波功率转换为噪声谱密度的一般随机化方案的机制的所有必要细节。在自相关表达式中发现的见解允许任何PWM方法的随机化参数至少有一个最佳设计。所提出的优化只是我们的方法所表明和暗示的许多优化之一。随机脉宽调制(RPWM)技术在静态功率变换器,主要是三相逆变器的研究中得到了很大的发展。由我们在1987年的论文[1]发起,仅1992年就有十几篇出版物报道了关于WWM各种问题的研究[10]。研究发现,RPWM技术可以显著改善变频调速系统中电机的噪声和振动特性[3,4]。图1显示了从直流电源产生交流的确定性和随机开关速率或随机宽度pwm信号。确定性模式通常被计算为最大化基波功率,而有时会使某些选定的谐波为零或最小化。然而,所有确定性调制在基波的所有周期中都具有完全相同的开关模式。这自然会产生谐波。RPWM的基本原理是在被控变换器的开关模式中引入随机因子。对于三相逆变器,输出电压的每个周期是由a(t)确定性PWM t1脉冲的不同随机组合产生的
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引用次数: 7
Nonlinear Adaptive Narrowband-Interference Mitigation in Generalized Gaussian Noise Channels 广义高斯噪声信道的非线性自适应窄带干扰抑制
Pub Date : 1994-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/SSAP.1994.572484
D. C. Shin, C. Nikias
A nonlinear adaptive interference mitigation (AIM) algorithm is introduced when the signal of interest is a broadband signal, the additive strong interference is a narrowband signal, and its channel noise distribution belongs to generalized Gaussian distributions. The nonlinear function for the new AIM algorithm is obtained by using Taylor series ezpansion and properties of the generalized Gaussian distributions. Its filter weights are adoptively adjusted through the normalized LMS algorithm. Through MonteCarlo runs, its performance is demonstrated and compared with that of ezisting linear and nonlinear AIM algorithms, when the channel noise distribution is Laplace.
针对目标信号为宽带信号、加性强干扰为窄带信号、信道噪声分布属于广义高斯分布的情况,提出了一种非线性自适应干扰抑制算法。利用泰勒级数展开和广义高斯分布的性质,得到了新AIM算法的非线性函数。通过归一化LMS算法自适应调整滤波器权值。通过MonteCarlo运行,验证了该算法在信道噪声分布为拉普拉斯时的性能,并与已有的线性和非线性AIM算法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
IEEE Seventh SP Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing
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