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A comparative study of heart rate variability (HRV) among adult hypertensive and normotensive subjects in the supine position.
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0051
Manoranjan Mondal, Sujoy P Bhattacharyya

Objectives: To compare heart rate variability (HRV) among adult Hypertensive and Normotensive subjects in supine position.

Methods: It was an analytical cross sectional study conducted on two study groups. The cases (n=60) comprised of outpatients (males and females in the age group 20-50 yrs) attending the Medicine OPD of Medical Collage, Kolkata, who were newly diagnosed as cases of hypertension according to JNC seven criteria while the control group (n=50) comprised of age and sex-matched adult normotensive subjects, who were non-smokers, non-alcoholics and were not suffering from any major cardiac, neurological or chronic illnesses. HRV profiling through short-term (5 min) ECG recording of each subject was carried out in the supine position with the help of a digital ECG recording machine (RMS-Polyrite D), with a sampling rate of 256 Hz. From the data so collected, various HRV parameters - both time domain (SDNN, RMSSD, NN50 and pNN50) and frequency domain (VLF, LF and HF) were calculated. Analysis of these parameters revealed the pattern of autonomic influence (sympathetic or parasympathetic predominance) prevalent among the subjects of the study and control groups.

Results: An overall reduction of the time domain parameters SDNN and RMSSD (considered more as markers of sympathetic activity) and frequency domain parameters (total power, LF and HF, all expressed in ms2), which are markers of parasympathetic activity, was noted among the hypertensive subjects. However, the reduction in frequency domain parameters was much more (highly significantly) than that of time domain parameters. Also, both age and hypertension had significant independent effects on HRV but their 3-way interaction was found to be statistically insignificant.

Conclusions: The findings of the study thus points towards an autonomic dysregulation (characterized by decreased vagal activity and increased sympathetic activity), as an underlying basis (i.e. an important factor, among others) for hypertension.

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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting self-care in heart failure patients: a cross-sectional study.
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0138
Widaryati Widaryati, Dwi Prihatiningsih, Wawan Febri Ramdani

Objectives: Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease with a high incidence in the world and Indonesia as well. This disease must get serious attention because it results in high mortality rates and has a broad and long-term impact on patients with heart failure. The high recurrence rate, rehospitalization, and patients' poor quality of life are influenced, one of them, by the self-care behavior of patients, considering that heart failure is a progressive and chronic disease. In practice, implementation of self-care behaviors in people living with heart failure is poor. This study analyzes the factors influencing self-care for heart failure patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that involved 100 heart failure patients taken from August to October 2020. Self-care was measured using the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) questionnaire. The chi-square statistical test determines the relationship between the factors that influence self-care.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between education (p 0.00), marital status (p 0.005), occupation (p 0.00), NYHA class (p 0.00), and patient age (p 0.01) with self-care maintenance. There was no relationship between gender (p 0.30), comorbidity (p 0.21), and duration of heart failure (p 0.11).

Conlusions: Education, marital status, occupation, NYHA class, and age significantly influence self-care in heart failure patients, while gender, comorbidity, and disease duration do not. Targeted interventions are needed to improve self-care and reduce rehospitalization.

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引用次数: 0
Physiological regulation of moderate-intensity exercise in improving the biomarkers visfatin and myonectin as a modulator of increasing metabolic performance in obese.
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0207
Sugiharto, Adi Pranoto, Nurul Ihsan, Hanna Goenawan, Desiana Merawati, Purwo Sri Rejeki, Gigih Siantoro, Fikri Sasongko Widyatama, Prayogi Dwina Angga

Objectives: A well-structured, regular, and programmed physical exercise regimen is believed to be an effective physiological modulator for preventing the dysfunction of myonectin and visfatin secretion. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the physiological regulation of moderate-intensity programmed exercise in improving myonectin and visfatin biomarkers in obese women.

Methods: The study involved 30 physically healthy obese women, nonathletes, selected based on predetermined criteria, who voluntarily agreed to participate. They were then divided into two groups: a control group (CRT; n=15) and a programmed exercise group (ART; n=15). The exercise program lasted for 8 weeks, with a frequency of 5 times per week at moderate intensity. Metabolic performance was analyzed using the myonectin and visfatin biomarkers with the Sandwich-ELISA method. Data analysis was conducted using parametric paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests at a 5 % significance level.

Results: The study results showed a significant increase in myonectin secretion and a decrease in visfatin secretion (p≤0.05) after 8 weeks of programmed exercise, demonstrated by an increase in myonectin of 97.85 pg/mL and a decrease in visfatin of 0.05 ng/mL. Conversely, in the control group, myonectin decreased by 3.04 pg/mL, and visfatin increased by 0.03 ng/mL.

Conclusions: These findings confirm that an 8-week programmed exercise regimen can improve the secretion of myonectin and visfatin biomarkers, thereby enhancing metabolic performance in obese women. Thus, myonectin and visfatin biomarkers induced by programmed exercise serve as modulators for enhancing metabolic performance in obese women.

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引用次数: 0
Navigating nephropathy and nephrotoxicity: understanding pathophysiology unveiling clinical manifestations, and exploring treatment approaches.
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0220
Aysha Javed, Tarique Mahmood, Reshu Tiwari, Farogh Ahsan, Vaseem Ahamad Ansari, Shahzadi Bano, Mohd Masih Uzzam Khan, Anas Khan

Nephropathy and nephrotoxicity are significant causes of renal impairment, with both conditions contributing to a substantial global healthcare burden. Nephropathy encompasses a range of kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, and polycystic kidney disease, each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Nephrotoxicity, often induced by environmental toxins or medications, can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) if not properly managed. Understanding the underlying processes and risk factors for kidney damage is crucial to preventing and treating these conditions effectively. However, while considerable research exists on each of these topics, there remains a gap in integrated knowledge regarding the diverse pathophysiological pathways, the role of early detection, and the optimal management strategies for nephropathy and nephrotoxicity. While substantial research has been conducted on nephropathy and nephrotoxicity, there remains a year gap in fully understanding the diverse mechanisms of kidney damage across different etiologies and their long-term implications for renal health. This work aimed to fill this gap by synthesizing current research on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment approaches for both nephropathy and nephrotoxicity. Major findings highlight the importance of early detection through biomarkers, the need for vigilant monitoring of renal function, and the role of avoiding nephrotoxic agents in both medical and environmental contexts. The paper also emphasizes the critical role of individualized treatment approaches, including the careful use of medications to prevent drug-induced nephropathy.

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引用次数: 0
A cross sectional study on effect of glycaemic status and duration of type II diabetes mellitus on the pulmonary function. 2型糖尿病血糖状态及病程对肺功能影响的横断面研究。
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-01-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0190
Praveena Meyyazhagan, Thamaraiselvi Kanagaraj, Nachal Annamalai

Objectives: Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is regarded as a serious illness characterized by high levels of blood sugar due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production. T2DM affects millions of people worldwide and is the primary reason for morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is essential to analyze the effect of T2DM on patients. Even though prevailing research has strived to identify the impact of T2DM on several ailments like cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. It has disregarded few aspects like pulmonary function, duration of diabetes, and glycemic status. The present study investigates the effect of T2DM on pulmonary function in relation to glycaemia status and duration of diabetes.

Methods: The cross-sectional research is performed on a total of 140 patients with T2DM from the Medical Department. Further, the congregated sample is investigated using SPSS software. The relevant statistical methods are utilized to analyze the research results. The ANOVA analysis reveals the impact of T2DM on pulmonary function; further, the correlation analysis unveils the association among glycemic status, pulmonary function of patients, and duration of diabetes with T2DM.

Results: The outcomes of the research will contribute to revealing the impact of T2DM on pulmonary function in relation to glycemic status and diabetes duration.

Conclusions: The outcomes offer valuable insights into the lung function of patients with T2DM and help in prior treatment for enhancing the pulmonary health. Finally, the proposed research will aid healthcare professionals in better management of T2DM in patients and its related complications.

目的:2型糖尿病(T2DM)被认为是一种严重的疾病,其特征是胰岛素抵抗或胰岛素分泌不足导致血糖水平升高。2型糖尿病影响着全世界数百万人,是发病率和死亡率的主要原因。因此,有必要分析T2DM对患者的影响。尽管主流研究已经努力确定T2DM对心血管疾病、神经病变、视网膜病变和肾病等几种疾病的影响。它忽略了一些方面,如肺功能、糖尿病持续时间和血糖状态。本研究探讨T2DM对肺功能的影响与血糖状态和糖尿病病程的关系。方法:对我院内科收治的140例T2DM患者进行横断面研究。进一步,使用SPSS软件对聚集样本进行调查。运用相关的统计方法对研究结果进行分析。方差分析显示T2DM对肺功能的影响;进一步,相关分析揭示了血糖状态、患者肺功能和糖尿病合并T2DM病程之间的关系。结果:本研究结果将有助于揭示T2DM对肺功能与血糖状态和糖尿病病程的影响。结论:这些结果为T2DM患者的肺功能提供了有价值的见解,并有助于术前治疗以改善肺部健康。最后,本研究将有助于医护人员更好地管理T2DM患者及其相关并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 in patients with Hashimoto's disease and correlation with thyroid hormones and lipid profile. 桥本病患者血清CTRP-3和CTRP-6水平的评价及其与甲状腺激素和血脂的相关性
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-01-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0060
Rafal Sameer Al-Abboody, Nadia Heydari, Mohsen Saravani, Shahin Nosaratzehi, Hamideh Akbari, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari

Objectives: Numerous studies show that the adipokines play a role in on the thyroid axis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 as a member of the adipokines family in patients with Hashimoto's.

Methods: The levels of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 subjects (35 newly diagnosed Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 35 healthy subjects). Their relationship with the thyroid hormone and some biochemical factors was analyzed.

Results: The levels of CTRP3 and CTRP6 in patients with Hashimoto's disease were higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between CTRP3 and TSH levels (r=0.286 and p=0.017). There was a significant relationship between CTRP3 and Fasting Blood Sugar (r=0.249 and p=0.038). There was a significant inverse negative correlation between CTRP6 levels and T3 (r=-0.269 and p=0.024), and T4 (r=-0.272 and p=0.023). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between CTRP6 serum levels and TSH serum levels (r=0.397 and p=0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between CTRP6 levels and Cholesterol (r=0.351 and p=0.003), and LDL (r=-0.244 and p=0.042).

Conclusions: Finally, our results demonstrated that serum levels of CTRP3 and CTRP6 are higher in patients with Hashimoto's compared to the control group and probably play a role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

目的:大量研究表明脂肪因子在甲状腺轴上起作用。本研究的目的是评估桥本氏症患者血清中作为脂肪因子家族成员的CTRP-3和CTRP-6的水平。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附法测定70例(35例新诊断的桥本甲状腺炎患者和35例健康人)血清CTRP-3和CTRP-6水平。分析了它们与甲状腺激素及一些生化因素的关系。结果:桥本病患者血清CTRP3和CTRP6水平高于对照组(p结论:最后,我们的研究结果表明,桥本病患者血清CTRP3和CTRP6水平高于对照组,可能在桥本甲状腺炎的发病机制中起作用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obstructive sleep apnea: a comprehensive review. 探索GLP-1受体激动剂在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停治疗中的治疗潜力:一项全面的综述。
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-01-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0193
Amruth Akhil Alluri, Merin Mohan Kurien, Nikhil Patel Pokar, Alekhya Madarapu, Sreeja Sadam, Nikhitha Puvvala, Rajmohan Seetharaman

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder marked by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, which leads to intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep. These disruptions negatively impact cardiovascular health, metabolic function, and overall quality of life. Obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for OSA, as it contributes to both anatomical and physiological mechanisms that increase the likelihood of airway collapse during sleep. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy remains the gold standard for OSA treatment, its limitations - particularly issues with patient adherence - underscore the need for alternative or adjunct therapeutic options. One such option is the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which are widely recognized for their ability to reduce body weight and improve metabolic health. Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs may offer therapeutic benefits in managing OSA, particularly by addressing obesity, a key contributor to the condition. This narrative review seeks to explore the role of GLP-1 RAs in the treatment of OSA, evaluating their efficacy in reducing OSA severity and discussing their broader clinical implications for future research and practice.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是一种常见的睡眠障碍,其特征是睡眠中反复发作的部分或完全上呼吸道阻塞,导致间歇性缺氧和睡眠片段化。这些干扰会对心血管健康、代谢功能和整体生活质量产生负面影响。肥胖是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的一个主要可改变的危险因素,因为它有助于增加睡眠时气道塌陷的可能性的解剖和生理机制。虽然持续气道正压(CPAP)治疗仍然是OSA治疗的金标准,但其局限性-特别是患者依从性问题-强调了替代或辅助治疗方案的必要性。其中一个选择是使用胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1 RAs),它被广泛认为具有减轻体重和改善代谢健康的能力。新出现的证据表明,GLP-1 RAs可能在控制OSA方面具有治疗益处,特别是通过解决肥胖问题,这是导致OSA的关键因素。本文旨在探讨GLP-1 RAs在OSA治疗中的作用,评估其降低OSA严重程度的功效,并讨论其对未来研究和实践的更广泛的临床意义。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy and safety of resmetirom in MASLD and MASH: network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. 雷司替罗在MASLD和MASH中的疗效和安全性:随机临床试验的网络荟萃分析。
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-01-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0140
Hazem Ayesh, Azizullah Beran, Sajida Suhail, Suhail Ayesh, Kevin Niswender

Introduction: Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis-Related Liver Disease (MASLD) and, its progressive form, Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) pose significant global health challenges. Current therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic abnormalities have shown promise but lack specificity for the liver. Thyroid hormones, particularly thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-β) agonists like resmetirom, offer a targeted approach to liver-related pathways.

Content: A network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing different doses of resmetirom to placebo for MASLD and MASH was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Efficacy outcomes included histological, radiological, and biochemical parameters, while safety outcomes comprised adverse events and treatment discontinuation.

Summary: Resmetirom demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy in histological and radiological assessments, with the 100 mg dose showing superior MASH resolution and hepatic fat reduction. Biochemical markers indicated improved liver function with resmetirom treatment. However, adverse events, particularly diarrhea and nausea, were more prevalent in the resmetirom group, leading to higher treatment discontinuation rates.

Outlook: Resmetirom shows promise as a therapeutic option for MASLD and MASH management, with significant improvements in liver health parameters. However, safety concerns warrant careful monitoring in clinical practice. Further research is needed to optimize its long-term safety and efficacy.

代谢性脂肪性肝炎相关肝病(MASLD)及其进展形式代谢性脂肪性肝炎(MASH)构成了重大的全球健康挑战。目前针对代谢异常的治疗策略已经显示出希望,但对肝脏缺乏特异性。甲状腺激素,特别是甲状腺激素受体β (THR-β)激动剂,如雷司替龙,提供了肝脏相关途径的靶向途径。内容:进行了一项网络荟萃分析(NMA),比较了不同剂量的雷美替米与安慰剂治疗MASLD和MASH。检索PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane和Web of Science相关的随机对照试验(RCTs)。疗效结果包括组织学、放射学和生化参数,而安全性结果包括不良事件和停止治疗。总结:瑞司替龙在组织学和放射学评估中显示出剂量依赖性疗效,100 mg剂量显示出优越的MASH溶解和肝脏脂肪减少。生化指标显示雷司美康治疗后肝功能有所改善。然而,不良事件,特别是腹泻和恶心,在雷司替罗组更普遍,导致更高的治疗停药率。展望:瑞斯替龙有望作为MASLD和MASH管理的治疗选择,在肝脏健康参数方面有显著改善。然而,在临床实践中,安全问题需要仔细监测。需要进一步研究以优化其长期安全性和有效性。
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of resmetirom in MASLD and MASH: network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.","authors":"Hazem Ayesh, Azizullah Beran, Sajida Suhail, Suhail Ayesh, Kevin Niswender","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0140","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis-Related Liver Disease (MASLD) and, its progressive form, Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) pose significant global health challenges. Current therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic abnormalities have shown promise but lack specificity for the liver. Thyroid hormones, particularly thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-β) agonists like resmetirom, offer a targeted approach to liver-related pathways.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>A network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing different doses of resmetirom to placebo for MASLD and MASH was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Efficacy outcomes included histological, radiological, and biochemical parameters, while safety outcomes comprised adverse events and treatment discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Resmetirom demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy in histological and radiological assessments, with the 100 mg dose showing superior MASH resolution and hepatic fat reduction. Biochemical markers indicated improved liver function with resmetirom treatment. However, adverse events, particularly diarrhea and nausea, were more prevalent in the resmetirom group, leading to higher treatment discontinuation rates.</p><p><strong>Outlook: </strong>Resmetirom shows promise as a therapeutic option for MASLD and MASH management, with significant improvements in liver health parameters. However, safety concerns warrant careful monitoring in clinical practice. Further research is needed to optimize its long-term safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk factor assessment for post-thrombolytic coronary angiogram normalcy in young myocardial infarction patients.
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-12-31 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0064
Venkatramani Mahadevan, Abirami Karuppiah, Shravan Venkatraman

Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction is a critical medical condition that poses a significant risk to life. It is distinguished by the abrupt cessation of blood flow to a specific segment of the cardiac muscle. Acute myocardial infarction accounts for more than 15 % of global mortality annually.

Methods and results: A total of 433 young patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome - myocardial infarction underwent thrombolysis with fibrin specific agents followed by underwent diagnostic coronary angiogram between 01.09.2021 and 31.10.2022. The odds ratio showed a value of 1.973, which is much higher than the individuals with diabetes (0.306). Young individuals (25.9 %) with hypertension have a greater chance of recovery by thrombolysis.

Conclusions: The factors that contribute for the myocardial infarction should be recognized and addressed. Recognizing and addressing these risk factors through education, lifestyle modifications, and early intervention are crucial for preventing myocardial infarction and promoting good health.

{"title":"Risk factor assessment for post-thrombolytic coronary angiogram normalcy in young myocardial infarction patients.","authors":"Venkatramani Mahadevan, Abirami Karuppiah, Shravan Venkatraman","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction is a critical medical condition that poses a significant risk to life. It is distinguished by the abrupt cessation of blood flow to a specific segment of the cardiac muscle. Acute myocardial infarction accounts for more than 15 % of global mortality annually.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A total of 433 young patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome - myocardial infarction underwent thrombolysis with fibrin specific agents followed by underwent diagnostic coronary angiogram between 01.09.2021 and 31.10.2022. The odds ratio showed a value of 1.973, which is much higher than the individuals with diabetes (0.306). Young individuals (25.9 %) with hypertension have a greater chance of recovery by thrombolysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The factors that contribute for the myocardial infarction should be recognized and addressed. Recognizing and addressing these risk factors through education, lifestyle modifications, and early intervention are crucial for preventing myocardial infarction and promoting good health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 1","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quality by design: how poor adherence to guidelines holds back urological app innovation. 设计质量:对指导方针的不遵守如何阻碍了泌尿外科应用程序的创新。
Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-12-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0205
Emanuele Capasso, Mariagrazia Marisei, Ferdinando Fusco, Enrico Sicignano, Felice Crocetto
{"title":"Quality by design: how poor adherence to guidelines holds back urological app innovation.","authors":"Emanuele Capasso, Mariagrazia Marisei, Ferdinando Fusco, Enrico Sicignano, Felice Crocetto","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0205","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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