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The Cancer Incidence Pattern in Isfahan Province: An Industrial Region in the Central Part of Iran. 伊斯法罕省的癌症发病模式:伊朗中部的一个工业区。
IF 1.8 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5592802
Fereshte Lotfi, Zahra Ravankhah, Hamideh Rashidian, Fotooheh Teimouri, Mohammad Reza Maracy, Shaghyegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Azin Nahvijou, Ali Ghanbari Motlagh, Gholamreza Roshandel, Kazem Zendehdel

Background: We aimed to study age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of different cancer sites in Isfahan province, an industrialized city in the central part of Iran. Method: We obtained cancer incidence data from 2014 to 2018 in the Isfahan population-based cancer registry (PBCR). We studied quality indicators of PBCR and the validity of residential places for cancer patients. ASRs per 100,000 of common cancers were reported overall and at subprovincial levels. Results: Overall, 42,994 new cancer cases were registered in Isfahan PBCR in 2014-2018, and 51.4% were male. A high percentage of microscopic verification (MV%) (78.1%) and a low percentage of death certificate-only (DCO%) cases (7%) indicate the acceptable validity and completeness of this registry. The ASRs per 100,000 for all cancers combined were 173.7 in men and 171.1 in women. The most common cancers were prostate (ASR = 26.1), bladder (ASR = 19.9), and colorectum (ASR = 19.6) cancers in men and breast (ASR = 49.9), thyroid (ASR = 11.5), and colorectal (ASR = 15.6) cancers in women. Compared to the national reports in Iran, Isfahan province had a higher ASR of leukemia (13.6 in men and 8.9 in women), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (14 in men and 9 in women), and bladder (19.9 in men and 3.4 in women) cancer. The ASR of childhood cancers was 182.7. Notably, the most frequent cancer was leukemia (ASR = 73.4). We observed a wide geographic heterogeneity of cancer incidence in different counties for some cancers like breast, prostate, leukemia, and colorectal cancers. Conclusion: High incidence rates of hematological malignancies and bladder cancers in Isfahan province suggest further research to study the association between occupational and environmental exposures due to industrial pollution.

背景:我们旨在研究伊朗中部工业化城市伊斯法罕省不同癌症部位的年龄标准化发病率(ASRs)。研究方法我们从伊斯法罕人口癌症登记处(PBCR)获得了 2014 年至 2018 年的癌症发病率数据。我们研究了 PBCR 的质量指标和癌症患者居住地的有效性。报告了总体和省级以下每 10 万人常见癌症的 ASRs。研究结果总体而言,2014-2018 年伊斯法罕 PBCR 共登记了 42994 例癌症新病例,其中 51.4% 为男性。显微镜验证(MV%)比例较高(78.1%),仅有死亡证明(DCO%)的病例比例较低(7%),这表明该登记册的有效性和完整性是可以接受的。所有癌症合计的每十万人 ASRs 男性为 173.7 例,女性为 171.1 例。最常见的癌症是男性的前列腺癌(ASR = 26.1)、膀胱癌(ASR = 19.9)和结直肠癌(ASR = 19.6),以及女性的乳腺癌(ASR = 49.9)、甲状腺癌(ASR = 11.5)和结直肠癌(ASR = 15.6)。与伊朗全国报告相比,伊斯法罕省的白血病(男性 13.6 例,女性 8.9 例)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(男性 14 例,女性 9 例)和膀胱癌(男性 19.9 例,女性 3.4 例)的发病率较高。儿童癌症的 ASR 为 182.7。值得注意的是,最常见的癌症是白血病(ASR = 73.4)。我们观察到,乳腺癌、前列腺癌、白血病和结肠直肠癌等一些癌症在不同县的发病率具有广泛的地域异质性。结论伊斯法罕省的血液恶性肿瘤和膀胱癌发病率较高,建议进一步研究工业污染导致的职业和环境暴露之间的关联。
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引用次数: 0
Prostate Cancer Knowledge and Attitude Toward Screening Practices Among Men 40 and Over in the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. 沙特阿拉伯贾赞地区 40 岁及以上男性的前列腺癌知识和筛查态度。
IF 1.8 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2713372
Anas Elyas, Mohamed Salih Mahfouz, Abdulkarim Zain Ahmed Suwaydi, Osama Ali Alotayf, Abdullah Omar Tayri, Bandar Fahad Daghriri, Abdulrahman Abdu Daghreeri, Faisal Ahmed Hattan, Mohammed Maqbul Akkam

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignancy among males and ranks as the fifth primary cause of mortality worldwide, underscoring its substantial impact on public health. Notably, there is a lack of research focused on PCa within the context of Saudi Arabia. Consequently, this study endeavours to elucidate the knowledge, attitudes, and screening practices related to PCa among males in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on males over 40 years old in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia between December 2022 and March 2023. The survey used a web-based questionnaire containing questions about sociodemographic characteristics, PCa knowledge, and attitudes toward screening practices. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis evaluated the participants' knowledge and attitudes toward PCa screening. Results: Out of the 468 male participants aged over 40 years, approximately 44% demonstrated limited awareness about PCa. Intriguingly, 60.3% of participants showed a positive attitude toward PCa screening. Moreover, 35.7% reported consulting a urologist for screening purposes. Furthermore, 25.6% had undergone a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, with the predominant rationale (25.8%) being medical advice. Multivariate analysis revealed that being married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.5, p = 0.011) and having a family history of PCa (AOR = 4.6, p = 0.001) were significant predictors of heightened PCa awareness. Concurrently, a history of PCa (AOR = 6.8, p = 0.001) and holding a postgraduate qualification (AOR = 5.5, p = 0.024) emerged as significant determinants of proactive practices toward PCa. Conclusion: The results revealed a significant lack of knowledge regarding PCa and the screening practices associated with it among the study participants. These results emphasize the urgent need to provide men with comprehensive information about the benefits and limitations of PCa screening in order to enable them to make more informed decisions.

背景:前列腺癌(PCa)是男性发病率第二高的恶性肿瘤,在全球范围内位居第五位,是导致男性死亡的主要原因,对公众健康产生了重大影响。值得注意的是,沙特阿拉伯缺乏针对前列腺癌的研究。因此,本研究致力于阐明沙特阿拉伯贾赞地区男性对 PCa 的相关知识、态度和筛查方法。研究方法:在 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 3 月期间,对沙特阿拉伯贾赞地区 40 岁以上的男性进行了横断面调查。调查使用了一份基于网络的问卷,其中包含有关社会人口学特征、PCa 知识以及对筛查做法的态度等问题。描述性和推论性统计分析评估了参与者对 PCa 筛查的认识和态度。结果:在 468 名 40 岁以上的男性参与者中,约 44% 的人对 PCa 的认识有限。有趣的是,60.3% 的参与者对 PCa 筛查持积极态度。此外,35.7%的参与者表示曾向泌尿科医生咨询筛查事宜。此外,25.6%的人接受过前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测,其中最主要的原因(25.8%)是医疗建议。多变量分析显示,已婚(调整赔率 (AOR) = 4.5,p = 0.011)和有 PCa 家族史(AOR = 4.6,p = 0.001)是提高 PCa 意识的重要预测因素。同时,有 PCa 病史(AOR = 6.8,p = 0.001)和拥有研究生学历(AOR = 5.5,p = 0.024)也是积极预防 PCa 的重要决定因素。结论研究结果表明,研究参与者严重缺乏对 PCa 及其相关筛查方法的了解。这些结果表明,迫切需要向男性提供有关 PCa 筛查的益处和局限性的全面信息,以便他们做出更加明智的决定。
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引用次数: 0
The Global Trends of Thyroid Cancer Research: A Scientometric Study. 甲状腺癌研究的全球趋势:科学计量学研究
IF 1.8 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5747618
Morteza Ghojazadeh, Majid Mobasseri, Hadi Mostafaei, Mahsa Asadizadeh-Azar, Neda Kabiri, Abdolhassan Kazemi, Alireza Lotfi, Reza Aletaha, Ali Akbari-Khoei, Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr

Cancer of the thyroid has become the fastest-growing cancer among women in the past several decades. This study is aimed at using scientometric methods to identify research frontiers and development trends in the field of thyroid cancer (TC) research. We used the Scopus database to collect articles and reviews related to TC in November 2022. R software and Bibliometrix software package were used for scientometric analysis. More than 28,000 articles were obtained from Scopus using the defined specific keywords. The United States, France, and England published the most publications. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism and Cancer were found as the core journals in this field. Morris LGT, Sikora AG, and Davies L authored the most publications. National Cancer Institute, National Cancer Institute at NIH, and the University of Washington contributed the most publications. The most cited evidence was related to the articles of Bray (2018), Sung (2021), and Parkin (2005). Using scientometric analysis, this study mapped and visualized the knowledge landscape in the field of TC. The analysis showed that scientists in the field of TC are working collaboratively to tackle one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. This analysis showed that scientists in the field of TC are working with a scientific framework as a team to tackle one of the most common cancers in the world.

过去几十年来,甲状腺癌已成为女性中增长最快的癌症。本研究旨在利用科学计量学方法确定甲状腺癌(TC)研究领域的研究前沿和发展趋势。我们使用 Scopus 数据库收集了 2022 年 11 月与甲状腺癌相关的文章和综述。我们使用R软件和Bibliometrix软件包进行科学计量分析。使用定义的特定关键词从 Scopus 中获得了 28,000 多篇文章。美国、法国和英国发表的论文最多。临床内分泌与代谢杂志》和《癌症》是该领域的核心期刊。莫里斯-LGT、西科拉-AG 和戴维斯-L 撰写的论文最多。国家癌症研究所、美国国立卫生研究院国家癌症研究所和华盛顿大学发表的论文最多。被引用最多的证据与 Bray(2018 年)、Sung(2021 年)和 Parkin(2005 年)的文章有关。通过科学计量分析,本研究绘制并可视化了技术合作领域的知识图景。分析表明,癌症治疗领域的科学家们正在通力合作,共同应对世界上最常见的癌症之一。该分析表明,癌症治疗领域的科学家们正在以团队的形式,利用科学框架来应对世界上最常见的癌症之一。
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引用次数: 0
Significant Association of PD-L1 With CD44 Expression and Patient Survival: Avenues for Immunotherapy and Cancer Stem Cells Downregulation in Pancreatic Cancers. PD-L1 与 CD44 表达和患者生存期的显著关联:胰腺癌免疫疗法和癌症干细胞下调的途径
IF 1.8 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3448648
Saleema Mehboob Ali, Yumna Adnan, Zubair Ahmad, Tabish Chawla, S M Adnan Ali

Background: Pancreatic cancers are known for their aggressive nature. This aggressiveness may be attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which promote relapse, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting CSCs is essential to reverse this aggressiveness in pancreatic malignancies. Literature highlights the association of PD-L1 expression with CSCs in various cancers, suggesting immunotherapy as a promising therapeutic approach. This study is aimed at investigating the potential of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancers by examining its association with selected CSC marker expression. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 56 patients with confirmed diagnoses of pancreatic cancers at Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2015 to October 2022. After exclusions, based on refusal to provide consent or incomplete follow-up data, 38 patients were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples to assess the expression of CSC markers (CD133, CD44, and L1CAM) and immune checkpoint inhibitor marker (PD-L1). Statistical analysis was employed to determine associations between marker expression, clinical factors, and overall survival. Results: The study revealed that 86.8% of pancreatic cancer cases exhibited positive PD-L1 expression. Moreover, a significant association of PD-L1 expression was observed with the presence of CD44 protein (p = 0.030), as well as with the overall survival of patients (p = 0.023). Conclusion: Our findings show a significant association of PD-L1 with CD44 marker expression as well as patient survival. This research shows the potential to serve as the foundation for investigating the efficacy of immunotherapy in reducing CD44-expressing CSCs in pancreatic cancer, potentially enhancing patient outcomes.

背景:众所周知,胰腺癌具有侵袭性:众所周知,胰腺癌具有侵袭性。这种侵袭性可能归因于癌症干细胞(CSCs)的存在,CSCs 促进复发、转移和对化疗的抵抗。要扭转胰腺恶性肿瘤的这种侵袭性,靶向 CSCs 至关重要。文献强调了 PD-L1 表达与各种癌症中 CSCs 的关联,这表明免疫疗法是一种很有前景的治疗方法。本研究旨在通过检测免疫疗法与选定的 CSC 标记表达的关系,研究免疫疗法在胰腺癌中的潜力。方法:2015年1月至2022年10月,阿迦汗大学医院对确诊为胰腺癌的56名患者进行了回顾性队列研究。在排除了拒绝提供同意书或随访数据不完整的患者后,有38名患者被纳入研究。研究人员对福尔马林固定石蜡包埋(FFPE)肿瘤组织样本进行了免疫组化,以评估CSC标记物(CD133、CD44和L1CAM)和免疫检查点抑制剂标记物(PD-L1)的表达。统计分析用于确定标记物表达、临床因素和总生存期之间的关联。结果研究显示,86.8%的胰腺癌病例PD-L1表达阳性。此外,还观察到 PD-L1 表达与 CD44 蛋白的存在(p = 0.030)以及患者的总生存期(p = 0.023)有明显关联。结论我们的研究结果表明,PD-L1与CD44标记物的表达以及患者的生存率有明显的关联。这项研究有望为研究免疫疗法在减少胰腺癌中表达 CD44 的 CSCs 方面的疗效奠定基础,从而改善患者的预后。
{"title":"Significant Association of PD-L1 With CD44 Expression and Patient Survival: Avenues for Immunotherapy and Cancer Stem Cells Downregulation in Pancreatic Cancers.","authors":"Saleema Mehboob Ali, Yumna Adnan, Zubair Ahmad, Tabish Chawla, S M Adnan Ali","doi":"10.1155/2024/3448648","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3448648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Pancreatic cancers are known for their aggressive nature. This aggressiveness may be attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which promote relapse, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting CSCs is essential to reverse this aggressiveness in pancreatic malignancies. Literature highlights the association of PD-L1 expression with CSCs in various cancers, suggesting immunotherapy as a promising therapeutic approach. This study is aimed at investigating the potential of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancers by examining its association with selected CSC marker expression. <b>Method:</b> A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 56 patients with confirmed diagnoses of pancreatic cancers at Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2015 to October 2022. After exclusions, based on refusal to provide consent or incomplete follow-up data, 38 patients were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples to assess the expression of CSC markers (CD133, CD44, and L1CAM) and immune checkpoint inhibitor marker (PD-L1). Statistical analysis was employed to determine associations between marker expression, clinical factors, and overall survival. <b>Results:</b> The study revealed that 86.8% of pancreatic cancer cases exhibited positive PD-L1 expression. Moreover, a significant association of PD-L1 expression was observed with the presence of CD44 protein (<i>p</i> = 0.030), as well as with the overall survival of patients (<i>p</i> = 0.023). <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings show a significant association of PD-L1 with CD44 marker expression as well as patient survival. This research shows the potential to serve as the foundation for investigating the efficacy of immunotherapy in reducing CD44-expressing CSCs in pancreatic cancer, potentially enhancing patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3448648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High Incidence of Esophageal Cancer in Women in Eritrea and Its Potential Link to Low Age at Menopause: Evidence from a 10-Year Retrospective Data Analysis. 厄立特里亚妇女食道癌高发病率及其与绝经年龄低的潜在联系:来自 10 年回顾性数据分析的证据。
IF 1.8 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5566016
Samuel Tekle Mengistu, Yafet Kesete, Oliver Okoth Achila, Genet Tekeste Fikadu, Feven Abrhaley, Emnet Tekeste Fikadu, Salih Mohammed Said, Matiwos Araya Gheberehiwet, Mohammed Elfatih Hamida, Yosief Tewolde Ghidei

Background: Detecting a group of esophageal cancer (EC) cases in endemic regions is essential in identifying high-risk populations and executing appropriate interventions. The main aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of EC in Eritrea.

Methods: A retrospective (period: 2011 - 2021) study was carried out by abstracting data on EC patients from the logbook kept at the National Health Laboratory (ENHL). Information on socio-demographic, clinical history, and biopsy analysis findings was collected. For the statistical assessment of data, the End Results (SEER) Joinpoint Regression Program (V.4.5.0.1) was used to calculate crude incidence rate (CIR), age-adjusted incidence rate (ASR), and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) by sex, age, and histotype.

Results: A total of 189 patient's samples (134 (70.9%) females vs. 55 (29.1%) males, ratio 2.43 : 1) were evaluated. Of the 155 patients with EC, 44 (28.4%) and 111 (71.6%) were diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), respectively (AC/ESCC ratio, 0.4). The median age (IQR) of patients with EC was 60 years (46.0 - 70 years) - (males 62 (IQR: 49.0 - 77 years) vs. females 60 (IQR: 46 -67 years), p-value =0.43. Within age bands, the F: M ratios in patients with ESCC were as follows: >20 -29 years =2: 1; 30-39 years =8 : 1; 40 - 49 years =10.5 : 1; 50-59 years =6.67 : 1; 60-69 years =3.25.1; 70-79 years =1.5 : 1 and>80 years =2 : 1. The all-age CIR and ASR for EC were 0.468 per 100 000 and 2.281 per 100 000 persons, respectively. Similarly, the all-age ASR for both males and females was 2.88 per 100 000 and 1.61 per 100 000. Over the study period, the EAPC for all cases was -3.0% (95% CI, -11.3 to 6.1, p-value =0.455).

Conclusion: In large part, EC is a women's disease in Eritrea. The unusually high incidence of ESCC and the high female-to-male ratio point at sex-dependent exposures as a major driver of the EAC epidemic in the country. Therefore, research on the risk factors of EC in Eritrea is urgently needed.

背景:在食道癌(EC)流行地区发现一组食道癌病例对于确定高危人群和实施适当的干预措施至关重要。本研究的主要目的是确定厄立特里亚的食管癌流行病学:通过从国家卫生实验室(ENHL)的日志中抽取EC患者的数据,开展了一项回顾性研究(时间跨度:2011年至2021年)。研究收集了有关社会人口学、临床病史和活检分析结果的信息。在对数据进行统计评估时,使用最终结果(SEER)连接点回归程序(V.4.5.0.1)按性别、年龄和组织类型计算粗发病率(CIR)、年龄调整后发病率(ASR)和估计年百分比变化(EAPC):结果:共评估了 189 例患者样本(女性 134 例(70.9%),男性 55 例(29.1%),比例为 2.43 :1)。在155名食管癌患者中,分别有44人(28.4%)和111人(71.6%)被诊断为食管腺癌(EAC)和食管鳞癌(ESCC)(AC/ESCC比率为0.4)。食管癌患者的中位年龄(IQR)为 60 岁(46.0 - 70 岁)(男性 62 岁(IQR:49.0 - 77 岁),女性 60 岁(IQR:46 - 67 岁),P 值 =0.43。在各年龄段中,ESCC 患者的 F:M 比率如下:>20 -29 岁 =2: 1; 30-39 岁 =8 :1;40 - 49 岁 =10.5 :1; 50-59 岁 =6.67 :1; 60-69 岁 =3.25.1; 70-79 岁 =1.5 :1,>80 岁 =2 :1.在所有年龄组中,心肌梗死的发病率和死亡率分别为每 10 万人 0.468 例和每 10 万人 2.281 例。同樣地,男性和女性的全 年齡自殺率分別為每 10 萬人 2.88 人和每 10 萬人 1.61 人。在研究期间,所有病例的EAPC为-3.0%(95% CI,-11.3至6.1,P值=0.455):结论:在厄立特里亚,乳腺癌在很大程度上是一种女性疾病。ESCC异常高的发病率和较高的男女比例表明,性别依赖性暴露是厄立特里亚EAC流行的主要驱动因素。因此,迫切需要对厄立特里亚的乳腺癌风险因素进行研究。
{"title":"High Incidence of Esophageal Cancer in Women in Eritrea and Its Potential Link to Low Age at Menopause: Evidence from a 10-Year Retrospective Data Analysis.","authors":"Samuel Tekle Mengistu, Yafet Kesete, Oliver Okoth Achila, Genet Tekeste Fikadu, Feven Abrhaley, Emnet Tekeste Fikadu, Salih Mohammed Said, Matiwos Araya Gheberehiwet, Mohammed Elfatih Hamida, Yosief Tewolde Ghidei","doi":"10.1155/2024/5566016","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5566016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Detecting a group of esophageal cancer (EC) cases in endemic regions is essential in identifying high-risk populations and executing appropriate interventions. The main aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of EC in Eritrea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective (period: 2011 - 2021) study was carried out by abstracting data on EC patients from the logbook kept at the National Health Laboratory (ENHL). Information on socio-demographic, clinical history, and biopsy analysis findings was collected. For the statistical assessment of data, the End Results (SEER) Joinpoint Regression Program (V.4.5.0.1) was used to calculate crude incidence rate (CIR), age-adjusted incidence rate (ASR), and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) by sex, age, and histotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 189 patient's samples (134 (70.9%) females vs. 55 (29.1%) males, ratio 2.43 : 1) were evaluated. Of the 155 patients with EC, 44 (28.4%) and 111 (71.6%) were diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), respectively (AC/ESCC ratio, 0.4). The median age (IQR) of patients with EC was 60 years (46.0 - 70 years) - (males 62 (IQR: 49.0 - 77 years) vs. females 60 (IQR: 46 -67 years), <i>p</i>-value =0.43. Within age bands, the F: M ratios in patients with ESCC were as follows: >20 -29 years =2: 1; 30-39 years =8 : 1; 40 - 49 years =10.5 : 1; 50-59 years =6.67 : 1; 60-69 years =3.25.1; 70-79 years =1.5 : 1 and>80 years =2 : 1. The all-age CIR and ASR for EC were 0.468 per 100 000 and 2.281 per 100 000 persons, respectively. Similarly, the all-age ASR for both males and females was 2.88 per 100 000 and 1.61 per 100 000. Over the study period, the EAPC for all cases was -3.0% (95% CI, -11.3 to 6.1, <i>p</i>-value =0.455).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In large part, EC is a women's disease in Eritrea. The unusually high incidence of ESCC and the high female-to-male ratio point at sex-dependent exposures as a major driver of the EAC epidemic in the country. Therefore, research on the risk factors of EC in Eritrea is urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5566016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Trends and Risk Factors of AIDS-Defining Cancers and Non-AIDS-Defining Cancers in Adults Living with and without HIV: A Narrative Review 成人艾滋病病毒感染者和非艾滋病病毒感染者患艾滋病定义癌症和非艾滋病定义癌症的趋势和风险因素:叙述性综述
IF 1.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7588928
Anikie Mathoma, Benn Sartorius, S. Mahomed
Background. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at a high-risk of developing AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). This review is aimed at exploring available evidence regarding the trends of ADCs and NADCs and the associated risk factors among adult PLHIV. Methods. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO host databases to identify articles published between 2010 and 2023 that reported incidence and mortality rates of cancer, including ADCs and NADCs among PLHIV. We compared trends and rates in PLHIV with HIV-negative adults and further assessed related risk factors. Results. A total of 1886 potentially eligible articles were screened, and of these, 36 were included in this study. More than 50% (n=20) of these were based in high-income countries. Seventeen studies reported a higher prevalence of NADCs compared to ADCs, with twelve of these conducted in high-income countries. Conversely, eight out of twelve studies reporting a higher prevalence of ADCs versus NADCs were from low-and-middle and upper-middle-income countries. Ten studies indicated a higher incidence of ADCs (6 studies) and NADCs (4 studies) among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals. In contrast, only two studies observed an increase in NADCs among the HIV-negative population. In comparing mortality, seven out of nine studies showed elevated NADC-related deaths compared to ADCs. The main risk factors identified for any cancer, NADCs, and related mortality were advancing age, and longer duration of HIV infection, while lower CD4 cell counts (<200 cells/μl), was associated with both ADC and NADC occurrences. Conclusion. Chronic HIV infection combined with advancing age in PLHIV taking antiretroviral therapy appears to have contributed to increasing cancer burden, particularly the incidence of NADCs and associated mortality. These findings stress the importance of screening for high-risk cancers among PLHIV for early detection and treatment to ensure improved outcomes.
背景。艾滋病病毒感染者(PLHIV)是罹患艾滋病定义癌症(ADC)和非艾滋病定义癌症(NADC)的高危人群。本综述旨在探讨有关成年艾滋病病毒感染者(PLHIV)罹患艾滋病定义癌症(ADC)和非艾滋病定义癌症(NADC)的趋势及相关风险因素的现有证据。方法。我们对 PubMed、Web of Science 和 EBSCO 主机数据库进行了全面检索,以确定 2010 年至 2023 年间发表的、报告了 PLHIV 中癌症(包括 ADC 和 NADC)发病率和死亡率的文章。我们比较了 PLHIV 与 HIV 阴性成人的趋势和发病率,并进一步评估了相关风险因素。结果。共筛选出 1886 篇可能符合条件的文章,其中 36 篇被纳入本研究。其中超过 50%(n=20)的文章发表在高收入国家。17项研究报告了NADC的发病率高于ADC,其中12项研究是在高收入国家进行的。相反,在 12 项报告 ADC 发病率高于 NADC 发病率的研究中,有 8 项来自中低收入和中高收入国家。有 10 项研究表明,与 HIV 阴性个体相比,PLHIV 中 ADC(6 项研究)和 NADC(4 项研究)的发病率更高。相比之下,只有两项研究观察到艾滋病毒阴性人群中 NADC 的发病率有所上升。在比较死亡率时,9 项研究中有 7 项显示,与 ADC 相比,与 NADC 相关的死亡人数有所增加。任何癌症、NADC 和相关死亡率的主要风险因素是年龄增长和感染 HIV 的时间较长,而 CD4 细胞计数较低(<200 cells/μl)与 ADC 和 NADC 的发生率均有关联。结论在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染者中,慢性艾滋病毒感染加上年龄的增长似乎导致了癌症负担的增加,尤其是 NADC 的发病率和相关死亡率。这些发现强调了在 PLHIV 中筛查高危癌症的重要性,以便及早发现和治疗,确保改善治疗效果。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices toward Colorectal Cancer and Its Dietary and Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors among Jordanian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study 约旦大学生对结直肠癌及其饮食和生活方式相关风险因素的了解、认识和实践:横断面研究
IF 1.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4503448
Husam Khraiwesh, Dana N. Abdelrahim, Iman F. Mahmoud, MoezAlIslam E. Faris
Background. Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with greater death rates pronounced in developing countries, including Jordan. Understanding knowledge and awareness of etiologic factors, unhealthy lifestyles, and dietary patterns is crucial for combating ailments. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating the level of knowledge and awareness of CRC-related risk factors, practices, and possible associations of studied variables among young Jordanians. Methodology. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using an online self-reported assessment of anthropometrics, knowledge, awareness, and dietary and lifestyle practices toward CRC and its related risk factors. Results. A study of 795 Jordanian university students found that 93.8% were Jordanians, 73.0% were female, aged 18-24, and single. Most participants were from medical and science schools (69.4%). The vast majority (about 84%) were found to have good knowledge and awareness of CRC and its risk factors, but this was not reflected in their dietary practices. There are significant differences in physical activity, smoking, vegetable consumption, and serving sizes of red meat and processed meats between the sexes. Academic study specialties significantly impact knowledge and awareness. Conclusion. The study reveals that while young Jordanian university students have good knowledge and awareness about CRC and its risk factors, these levels are not reflected in their dietary behaviors and food choices for CRC prevention, highlighting the need for national programs to improve these practices, particularly in the younger population.
背景。在全球范围内,结直肠癌(CRC)的发病率不断上升,是导致死亡的主要原因之一,包括约旦在内的发展中国家的死亡率明显更高。了解病因、不健康的生活方式和饮食模式对防治疾病至关重要。因此,本研究旨在调查约旦年轻人对 CRC 相关风险因素、做法的了解和认识水平,以及所研究变量之间可能存在的关联。研究方法采用在线自我报告的方式,对人体测量学、对 CRC 及其相关风险因素的知识、认识、饮食和生活习惯进行评估,从而开展了一项横断面观察研究。研究结果对 795 名约旦大学生进行的研究发现,93.8% 为约旦人,73.0% 为女性,年龄在 18-24 岁之间,单身。大多数参与者来自医学院和理学院(69.4%)。调查发现,绝大多数人(约 84%)对儿童癌症及其风险因素有较好的了解和认识,但这并没有反映在他们的饮食习惯中。男女生在体育锻炼、吸烟、蔬菜摄入量以及红肉和加工肉类的食用量方面存在明显差异。学术研究专业对知识和认识有很大影响。结论研究表明,虽然约旦年轻大学生对 CRC 及其风险因素有很好的了解和认识,但这些水平并没有反映在他们预防 CRC 的饮食行为和食物选择上,这突出表明需要制定国家计划来改善这些做法,尤其是在年轻人群中。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices toward Colorectal Cancer and Its Dietary and Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors among Jordanian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study 约旦大学生对结直肠癌及其饮食和生活方式相关风险因素的了解、认识和实践:横断面研究
IF 1.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4503448
Husam Khraiwesh, Dana N. Abdelrahim, Iman F. Mahmoud, MoezAlIslam E. Faris
Background. Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with greater death rates pronounced in developing countries, including Jordan. Understanding knowledge and awareness of etiologic factors, unhealthy lifestyles, and dietary patterns is crucial for combating ailments. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating the level of knowledge and awareness of CRC-related risk factors, practices, and possible associations of studied variables among young Jordanians. Methodology. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using an online self-reported assessment of anthropometrics, knowledge, awareness, and dietary and lifestyle practices toward CRC and its related risk factors. Results. A study of 795 Jordanian university students found that 93.8% were Jordanians, 73.0% were female, aged 18-24, and single. Most participants were from medical and science schools (69.4%). The vast majority (about 84%) were found to have good knowledge and awareness of CRC and its risk factors, but this was not reflected in their dietary practices. There are significant differences in physical activity, smoking, vegetable consumption, and serving sizes of red meat and processed meats between the sexes. Academic study specialties significantly impact knowledge and awareness. Conclusion. The study reveals that while young Jordanian university students have good knowledge and awareness about CRC and its risk factors, these levels are not reflected in their dietary behaviors and food choices for CRC prevention, highlighting the need for national programs to improve these practices, particularly in the younger population.
背景。在全球范围内,结直肠癌(CRC)的发病率不断上升,是导致死亡的主要原因之一,包括约旦在内的发展中国家的死亡率明显更高。了解病因、不健康的生活方式和饮食模式对防治疾病至关重要。因此,本研究旨在调查约旦年轻人对 CRC 相关风险因素、做法的了解和认识水平,以及所研究变量之间可能存在的关联。研究方法采用在线自我报告的方式,对人体测量学、对 CRC 及其相关风险因素的知识、认识、饮食和生活习惯进行评估,从而开展了一项横断面观察研究。研究结果对 795 名约旦大学生进行的研究发现,93.8% 为约旦人,73.0% 为女性,年龄在 18-24 岁之间,单身。大多数参与者来自医学院和理学院(69.4%)。调查发现,绝大多数人(约 84%)对儿童癌症及其风险因素有很好的了解和认识,但这并没有反映在他们的饮食习惯中。男女生在体育锻炼、吸烟、蔬菜摄入量以及红肉和加工肉类的食用量方面存在明显差异。学术研究专业对知识和认识有很大影响。结论研究表明,虽然约旦年轻大学生对 CRC 及其风险因素有很好的了解和认识,但这些水平并没有反映在他们的饮食行为和预防 CRC 的食物选择上,这突出表明需要制定国家计划来改善这些做法,尤其是在年轻人群中。
{"title":"Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices toward Colorectal Cancer and Its Dietary and Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors among Jordanian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Husam Khraiwesh, Dana N. Abdelrahim, Iman F. Mahmoud, MoezAlIslam E. Faris","doi":"10.1155/2024/4503448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4503448","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with greater death rates pronounced in developing countries, including Jordan. Understanding knowledge and awareness of etiologic factors, unhealthy lifestyles, and dietary patterns is crucial for combating ailments. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating the level of knowledge and awareness of CRC-related risk factors, practices, and possible associations of studied variables among young Jordanians. Methodology. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using an online self-reported assessment of anthropometrics, knowledge, awareness, and dietary and lifestyle practices toward CRC and its related risk factors. Results. A study of 795 Jordanian university students found that 93.8% were Jordanians, 73.0% were female, aged 18-24, and single. Most participants were from medical and science schools (69.4%). The vast majority (about 84%) were found to have good knowledge and awareness of CRC and its risk factors, but this was not reflected in their dietary practices. There are significant differences in physical activity, smoking, vegetable consumption, and serving sizes of red meat and processed meats between the sexes. Academic study specialties significantly impact knowledge and awareness. Conclusion. The study reveals that while young Jordanian university students have good knowledge and awareness about CRC and its risk factors, these levels are not reflected in their dietary behaviors and food choices for CRC prevention, highlighting the need for national programs to improve these practices, particularly in the younger population.","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"449 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiological Profile of Salivary Gland Tumors in Southern Iranian Population: A Retrospective Study of 405 Cases. 伊朗南部人口唾液腺肿瘤流行病学特征:405例回顾性研究
IF 1.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8844535
Hamid Ghaderi, Estie Kruger, Simin Ahmadvand, Yousef Mohammadi, Bijan Khademi, Abbas Ghaderi

Aims: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are a rare and diverse group of tumors that account for 3 to 10% of all head and neck malignancies. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of SGTs in the south of Iran and compare the findings with previous reports from Iran and other parts of the world.

Methods: Using a retrospective study, 405 patients diagnosed with SGTs were observed over an eight-year period between April 2013 and October 2021 in Shiraz, Iran. Patients' demographic and clinicopathological features were obtained from patients' records. Quantitative and descriptive data analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results: There were 302 benign (74.5%) and 103 (25.4%) malignant SGTs. Pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumors were the most common benign SGTs (70.5% and 21.5%, respectively). The most common malignant SGTs were mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma (26.2% and 22.3%, respectively). There was a statistically significant association between tumor origin and its malignancy status (p < 0.001). In addition, the results indicated that benign tumors were most commonly detected in the parotid gland (p < 0.05). The benign tumors were more frequently observed among the younger population (p = 0.006).

Conclusion: In summary, the findings of the current study were mainly consistent with the previous reports from Iran and the rest of the world. Benign tumors were the most prevalent type of SGTs, and the parotid gland was the most common site. While the majority of cases that developed from the major salivary glands were benign, all the minor SGTs were malignant. Older patients were more likely to develop malignant tumors compared to younger ones. This study provides insights into the prevalence, age-related incidence, gender distribution, and geographic variation of salivary gland tumors. This can be instrumental to develop a guideline for screening, diagnosis, and determining an optimal treatment.

目的:唾液腺肿瘤(sgt)是一种罕见而多样的肿瘤,占所有头颈部恶性肿瘤的3%至10%。我们的目标是对伊朗南部sgt进行全面的流行病学分析,并将调查结果与伊朗和世界其他地区以前的报告进行比较。方法:采用回顾性研究,在2013年4月至2021年10月期间,在伊朗设拉子观察了405名被诊断为sgt的患者。患者的人口学和临床病理特征从患者的记录中获得。采用SPSS软件进行定量和描述性数据分析。结果:良性sgt 302例(74.5%),恶性sgt 103例(25.4%)。多形性腺瘤和Warthin肿瘤是最常见的良性sgs(分别为70.5%和21.5%)。最常见的恶性sgt是粘液表皮样癌和腺样囊性癌(分别为26.2%和22.3%)。肿瘤来源与恶性程度有统计学意义(p < 0.001)。良性肿瘤多见于腮腺(p < 0.05)。良性肿瘤在年轻人群中更为常见(p = 0.006)。结论:总之,目前研究的结果与伊朗和世界其他地区以前的报告基本一致。良性肿瘤是sgt最常见的类型,腮腺是最常见的部位。虽然大多数从大唾液腺发展的病例是良性的,但所有轻微的sgt都是恶性的。与年轻人相比,老年患者更容易患上恶性肿瘤。本研究提供了唾液腺肿瘤的患病率、年龄相关发病率、性别分布和地理变异的见解。这有助于制定筛查、诊断和确定最佳治疗方案的指南。
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引用次数: 0
A Retrospective Observational Study on Disease Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone in China. 中国骨巨细胞瘤疾病特点及治疗方式的回顾性观察研究。
IF 1.8 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5468291
Hairong Xu, Yuan Li, Tao Wang, Weifeng Liu, Ke Ma, Yongkun Yang, Zhen Huang, Chuang Li, Xiaohui Niu

Aims: Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is associated with considerable morbidity. As GCTB epidemiological data for China are limited, this study is aimed at describing the disease characteristics of GCTB in China and establishing the historical context for its treatment before recent advances in treatment options.

Methods: The disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and local GCTB recurrence rate after primary surgery for GCTB were evaluated in this single-center, retrospective, noninterventional, observational study of patients treated for GCTB at Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, from 2009 to 2016 based on medical chart review. Patients with unmet need were defined as those whose surgical treatment was difficult or who had to undergo high-morbidity surgery.

Results: Among the 668 patients with a primary GCTB diagnosis, 578 (86.5%) of target lesions were in the extremities, and 89 (13.3%) were in the pelvic or axial bone. Of these, 173 (25.9%) were characterized as having an unmet need. Almost all GCTB patients received surgical treatment at both primary diagnosis (666/668 (99.7%)) and last disease recurrence (196/200 (98.0%)). Additionally, about one-third of patients received nonsurgical treatment at primary diagnosis (205/668 (30.7%)) and disease recurrence (67/200 (33.5%)), with neoadjuvant therapy being the most common treatment. The rate of high-morbidity surgery increased for recurrent disease (65/200 (32.5%)) compared with primary diagnosis (111/668 (16.6%)). The 2-year cumulative incidence of postoperative disease recurrence was 29.2%, in line with rates observed in prior studies.

Conclusion: As many patients with primary and recurrent disease received high-morbidity surgery, more effective treatments are needed.

目的:骨巨细胞瘤(GCTB)具有相当高的发病率。由于中国的GCTB流行病学数据有限,本研究旨在描述中国GCTB的疾病特征,并在治疗方案取得最新进展之前建立其治疗的历史背景。方法:采用单中心、回顾性、非介入性、观察性研究方法,对2009 - 2016年在北京积水滩医院接受GCTB治疗的患者进行病历复习,评估GCTB的疾病特征、治疗方式及术后局部复发率。未满足需求的患者被定义为那些手术治疗困难或必须接受高发病率手术的患者。结果:668例原发性GCTB患者中,578例(86.5%)病灶位于四肢,89例(13.3%)病灶位于骨盆或轴骨。其中,173个(25.9%)被描述为有未满足的需求。几乎所有的GCTB患者在初次诊断(666/668(99.7%))和最后一次复发(196/200(98.0%))时都接受了手术治疗。此外,约三分之一的患者在初次诊断(205/668(30.7%))和疾病复发(67/200(33.5%))时接受了非手术治疗,新辅助治疗是最常见的治疗方法。复发性疾病的高发病率手术率(65/200(32.5%))高于初次诊断(111/668(16.6%))。术后2年累计疾病复发率为29.2%,与既往研究一致。结论:原发性和复发性疾病患者多为高发病率手术,需要更有效的治疗。
{"title":"A Retrospective Observational Study on Disease Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone in China.","authors":"Hairong Xu,&nbsp;Yuan Li,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Weifeng Liu,&nbsp;Ke Ma,&nbsp;Yongkun Yang,&nbsp;Zhen Huang,&nbsp;Chuang Li,&nbsp;Xiaohui Niu","doi":"10.1155/2023/5468291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5468291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is associated with considerable morbidity. As GCTB epidemiological data for China are limited, this study is aimed at describing the disease characteristics of GCTB in China and establishing the historical context for its treatment before recent advances in treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and local GCTB recurrence rate after primary surgery for GCTB were evaluated in this single-center, retrospective, noninterventional, observational study of patients treated for GCTB at Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, from 2009 to 2016 based on medical chart review. Patients with unmet need were defined as those whose surgical treatment was difficult or who had to undergo high-morbidity surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 668 patients with a primary GCTB diagnosis, 578 (86.5%) of target lesions were in the extremities, and 89 (13.3%) were in the pelvic or axial bone. Of these, 173 (25.9%) were characterized as having an unmet need. Almost all GCTB patients received surgical treatment at both primary diagnosis (666/668 (99.7%)) and last disease recurrence (196/200 (98.0%)). Additionally, about one-third of patients received nonsurgical treatment at primary diagnosis (205/668 (30.7%)) and disease recurrence (67/200 (33.5%)), with neoadjuvant therapy being the most common treatment. The rate of high-morbidity surgery increased for recurrent disease (65/200 (32.5%)) compared with primary diagnosis (111/668 (16.6%)). The 2-year cumulative incidence of postoperative disease recurrence was 29.2%, in line with rates observed in prior studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As many patients with primary and recurrent disease received high-morbidity surgery, more effective treatments are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5468291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10162870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9424061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Cancer Epidemiology
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