首页 > 最新文献

Journal of comparative and physiological psychology最新文献

英文 中文
Limited period of actin of testosterone on memory formation in the chick. 睾酮对小鸡记忆形成的作用时间有限。
Pub Date : 1982-04-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077883
P G Clifton, R J Andrew, M E Gibbs

Domestic chicks will normally peck readily at small colored beads. However, a peck at a bead with an unpleasant taste usually results in a long-lasting aversion to beads of that type. If prior experience ("pretraining") of a bead of the type that is to be used in a later aversive training trial is given to testosterone-treated chicks, it interferes with the retention of avoidance. Interference by pretraining is effective only within sharply defined periods of time: when the pretraining-training interval is either less than 2 min (short term) or greater than about 25 min (long term). When pretraining and training are separated by 90 min or more, the steroid can be effective when injected up to 30 min after pretraining. It appears to change the character of the consolidating memory trace of pretraining in such a way as to make the consolidating memory trace of pretraining in such a way as to make the consolidation of later, contradictory information from training loss likely. The initial storage of this information is apparently unaffected, since retention does not begin to decay until 30-60 min after training. Sort-term interference leads to loss of avoidance within 5 min of training and can be used to demonstrate that the latency of action of the hormone in this task is less than 20 min following a subcutaneous injection.

家养的小鸡通常会很容易地啄小的彩色珠子。然而,轻啄带有难闻味道的珠子通常会导致对这种珠子的长期厌恶。如果先前的经验(“预训练”)的头是在以后的厌恶训练试验中使用的给睾丸激素治疗的小鸡,它会干扰回避的保留。预训练的干扰只有在明确的时间段内才有效:当预训练-训练间隔小于2分钟(短期)或大于25分钟(长期)时。当预训练和训练间隔90分钟或更长时间时,在预训练后30分钟注射类固醇是有效的。它似乎以这样的方式改变了预训练的巩固记忆痕迹的特征,使预训练的巩固记忆痕迹以这样的方式巩固,从而使后来的、与训练相矛盾的信息有可能丢失。这些信息的初始存储显然是不受影响的,因为保留直到训练后30-60分钟才开始衰减。短期干扰导致在训练5分钟内失去回避,并可用于证明皮下注射后激素在该任务中的作用潜伏期小于20分钟。
{"title":"Limited period of actin of testosterone on memory formation in the chick.","authors":"P G Clifton,&nbsp;R J Andrew,&nbsp;M E Gibbs","doi":"10.1037/h0077883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Domestic chicks will normally peck readily at small colored beads. However, a peck at a bead with an unpleasant taste usually results in a long-lasting aversion to beads of that type. If prior experience (\"pretraining\") of a bead of the type that is to be used in a later aversive training trial is given to testosterone-treated chicks, it interferes with the retention of avoidance. Interference by pretraining is effective only within sharply defined periods of time: when the pretraining-training interval is either less than 2 min (short term) or greater than about 25 min (long term). When pretraining and training are separated by 90 min or more, the steroid can be effective when injected up to 30 min after pretraining. It appears to change the character of the consolidating memory trace of pretraining in such a way as to make the consolidating memory trace of pretraining in such a way as to make the consolidation of later, contradictory information from training loss likely. The initial storage of this information is apparently unaffected, since retention does not begin to decay until 30-60 min after training. Sort-term interference leads to loss of avoidance within 5 min of training and can be used to demonstrate that the latency of action of the hormone in this task is less than 20 min following a subcutaneous injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 2","pages":"212-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18114678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Suckling behavior in neonatal rats: psychopharmacological investigations. 新生大鼠的哺乳行为:心理药理学研究。
Pub Date : 1982-04-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077884
L P Spear, L A Ristine

The effects of various neurotransmitter antagonists on suckling behavior of 3- and 4-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were examined. Peripheral administration of three serotonergic antagonist, scopolamine, were observed to markedly reduce suckling behavior of neonatal rat pups. These effects appear to be centrally mediated since intracisternal administration of small doses of all of these drugs was observed to suppress suckling. The reduction in suckling induced by these antagonists did not appear to be a result of a debilitating effect of the drugs or to be due to any alteration in body temperature. In contrast, the opiate antagonist naloxone, the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol, the alpha-noradrenergic antagonist phentolamine, and the beta-noradrenergi antagonist propranolol did not consistently produce any alteration in suckling behavior. These results suggest that the serotonergic and cholinergic systems may be functioning much earlier in ontogeny than previously suggested and may be involved in modulating suckling behavior in the early neonatal period.

研究了各种神经递质拮抗剂对3日龄和4日龄sd大鼠幼鼠哺乳行为的影响。外周给予三种血清素能拮抗剂东莨菪碱,观察到明显减少新生大鼠幼崽的哺乳行为。这些作用似乎是中央介导的,因为小剂量的这些药物被观察到可以抑制哺乳。这些拮抗剂诱导的哺乳减少似乎不是由于药物的衰弱作用或由于体温的任何改变。相比之下,阿片类拮抗剂纳洛酮、多巴胺能拮抗剂氟哌啶醇、-去甲肾上腺素能拮抗剂酚妥拉明和-去甲肾上腺素拮抗剂心得安并没有持续地对哺乳行为产生任何改变。这些结果表明,血清素能和胆碱能系统在个体发育中的作用可能比以前认为的要早得多,并且可能参与调节新生儿早期的哺乳行为。
{"title":"Suckling behavior in neonatal rats: psychopharmacological investigations.","authors":"L P Spear,&nbsp;L A Ristine","doi":"10.1037/h0077884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of various neurotransmitter antagonists on suckling behavior of 3- and 4-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were examined. Peripheral administration of three serotonergic antagonist, scopolamine, were observed to markedly reduce suckling behavior of neonatal rat pups. These effects appear to be centrally mediated since intracisternal administration of small doses of all of these drugs was observed to suppress suckling. The reduction in suckling induced by these antagonists did not appear to be a result of a debilitating effect of the drugs or to be due to any alteration in body temperature. In contrast, the opiate antagonist naloxone, the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol, the alpha-noradrenergic antagonist phentolamine, and the beta-noradrenergi antagonist propranolol did not consistently produce any alteration in suckling behavior. These results suggest that the serotonergic and cholinergic systems may be functioning much earlier in ontogeny than previously suggested and may be involved in modulating suckling behavior in the early neonatal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 2","pages":"244-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17188611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 41
The role of nest-building activity of gonadotrophin secretions and the reproductive success of ring doves (Streptopelia risoria). 促性腺激素分泌物造巢活性与环鸽繁殖成功的关系。
Pub Date : 1982-04-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077875
M F Cheng, J Balthazart

This study was undertaken to investigate the intricate relations between prelaying nest-building activity and preovulatory hormonal changes, and the effects of these events on breeding success. Pairs of ring doves were allowed to go through a complete breeding cycle under four conditions of nest-building opportunity. Nest were self-made, pre-made, pre-made and covered, or removed daily to generate various levels of building activity. Behavioral and hormonal changes were observed throughout the cycle. Blood levels of gonadotrophins were monitored by daily measurements with the method or radioimmunoassay. A depression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) typically was associated with every preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH); an LH surge not accompanied by a FSH dip was not followed by ovulation. Moreover, the FSH depression was significantly correlated with the level of nest-building activity. These findings led to the proposal that nest-building activity stimulated preovulatory FSH change and, hence, ovulation. The constructed nest in turn appeared to promote incubation behavior. These results are discussed in the context of breeding success.

本研究旨在探讨产卵前筑巢活动与排卵前激素变化之间的复杂关系,以及这些变化对繁殖成功的影响。对环鸽被允许在四种筑巢机会的条件下经历一个完整的繁殖周期。巢是自制的、预制的、预制的和覆盖的,或者每天移除,以产生不同层次的建筑活动。在整个周期中观察到行为和激素的变化。血液促性腺激素水平监测每日测量方法或放射免疫分析法。促卵泡激素(FSH)的降低通常与每次排卵前促黄体生成素(LH)的激增有关;黄体生成素激增而不伴有卵泡刺激素下降则不伴有排卵。此外,FSH下降与筑巢活动水平显著相关。这些发现导致了筑巢活动刺激了排卵前卵泡刺激素的变化,从而促进了排卵。建造的巢反过来似乎促进了孵化行为。这些结果在育种成功的背景下进行了讨论。
{"title":"The role of nest-building activity of gonadotrophin secretions and the reproductive success of ring doves (Streptopelia risoria).","authors":"M F Cheng,&nbsp;J Balthazart","doi":"10.1037/h0077875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was undertaken to investigate the intricate relations between prelaying nest-building activity and preovulatory hormonal changes, and the effects of these events on breeding success. Pairs of ring doves were allowed to go through a complete breeding cycle under four conditions of nest-building opportunity. Nest were self-made, pre-made, pre-made and covered, or removed daily to generate various levels of building activity. Behavioral and hormonal changes were observed throughout the cycle. Blood levels of gonadotrophins were monitored by daily measurements with the method or radioimmunoassay. A depression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) typically was associated with every preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH); an LH surge not accompanied by a FSH dip was not followed by ovulation. Moreover, the FSH depression was significantly correlated with the level of nest-building activity. These findings led to the proposal that nest-building activity stimulated preovulatory FSH change and, hence, ovulation. The constructed nest in turn appeared to promote incubation behavior. These results are discussed in the context of breeding success.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 2","pages":"307-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17854948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
Temporal parameters involved in retention of reflex alterations in spinal rats. 脊髓大鼠反射改变的保留与时间参数有关。
Pub Date : 1982-04-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077881
J E Steinmetz, A L Beggs, J Cervenka, A G Romano, M M Patterson

Temporal parameters concerning retention of a stimulation-induced hindlimb flexion were investigated. After spinal transection, 60 rats received 10, 20, 30, 40, 45, or 50 min of hindlimb stimulation. Consistent persistence of flexion following stimulus cessation was observed in rats that were stimulated for at least 30 min. When the results ae compared with previous data, the spinalized rat shows a 10-min reduction in the critical time interval needed to consistently obtain poststimulation persistence of flexion.

研究了有关刺激诱导的后肢屈曲保留的时间参数。脊髓横断后,60只大鼠分别接受10、20、30、40、45、50分钟的后肢刺激。在刺激停止后,在刺激至少30分钟的大鼠中观察到持续的屈曲。当结果与先前的数据进行比较时,脊椎化的大鼠显示出持续获得刺激后屈曲持续所需的临界时间间隔减少了10分钟。
{"title":"Temporal parameters involved in retention of reflex alterations in spinal rats.","authors":"J E Steinmetz,&nbsp;A L Beggs,&nbsp;J Cervenka,&nbsp;A G Romano,&nbsp;M M Patterson","doi":"10.1037/h0077881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporal parameters concerning retention of a stimulation-induced hindlimb flexion were investigated. After spinal transection, 60 rats received 10, 20, 30, 40, 45, or 50 min of hindlimb stimulation. Consistent persistence of flexion following stimulus cessation was observed in rats that were stimulated for at least 30 min. When the results ae compared with previous data, the spinalized rat shows a 10-min reduction in the critical time interval needed to consistently obtain poststimulation persistence of flexion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 2","pages":"325-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18114681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Shifting strategies for behavioral thermoregulation in developing golden hamsters. 发育中的金仓鼠行为体温调节的变化策略。
Pub Date : 1982-04-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077876
C M Leonard

Developmental changes in the golden hamster pup's capacity for behavioral temperature regulation were studied. Groups of three pups aged 4-14 days were tested at room temperature (22 degrees C), on a strong gradient (34-22 degrees C), and on a mild gradient (30-22 degrees C). The proportion of time engaged in the following behaviors was recorded: contact with the warm edge (thermotaxis), active huddling, and quiet huddling. Pups tested at 22 degrees C engaged in active huddling, and their temperature dropped rapidly. Only on Day 14 were they able to maintain their temperature constant with a combination of vigorous exploration and quiet huddling. On the strong gradient, by contrast, pups were able to regulate their temperature at all ages. Young pups (4-5 days) depended on thermotaxis rather than huddling, separating when their temperature started to rise. With age, quiet huddling replaced thermotaxis as a dominant behavior. On the mild gradient, pups combined active and quiet huddling with thermotaxis, so that their temperature dropped at al slow steady rate (.1 degrees C/min). It is concluded that hamster pups have a well-developed capacity for behavioral temperature regulation. Whether they attempt to keep their temperature constant or tolerate a slow rate of drop depends on the amount of exogenous heat available, which under natural conditions would be supplied predominantly by the mother. These results suggest that the pups as well as the mother may participate in thermal regulation in the nest.

研究了金仓鼠幼鼠行为温度调节能力的发育变化。每组3只4-14日龄幼犬分别在室温(22℃)、强梯度(34-22℃)和温和梯度(30-22℃)下进行测试。记录幼犬参与以下行为的时间比例:接触温暖边缘(热致性)、主动抱团和安静抱团。在22摄氏度下测试的幼崽积极地挤在一起,它们的体温迅速下降。只有在第14天,他们才能通过激烈的探索和安静的挤在一起来保持体温恒定。相比之下,在强梯度下,幼崽在所有年龄段都能调节体温。幼崽(4-5天)依赖于耐热性,而不是挤在一起,当它们的温度开始上升时分开。随着年龄的增长,安静的挤在一起取代了热亲和性,成为主要行为。在温和的梯度上,幼崽们将主动和安静的抱团与热亲和性结合起来,因此它们的体温以缓慢稳定的速度下降。1℃/min)。结果表明,仓鼠幼鼠具有发育良好的体温行为调节能力。它们是试图保持体温不变,还是忍受缓慢的体温下降,这取决于可获得的外源热量的多少。在自然条件下,外源热量主要由母体提供。这些结果表明,幼崽和母亲可能参与巢内的温度调节。
{"title":"Shifting strategies for behavioral thermoregulation in developing golden hamsters.","authors":"C M Leonard","doi":"10.1037/h0077876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental changes in the golden hamster pup's capacity for behavioral temperature regulation were studied. Groups of three pups aged 4-14 days were tested at room temperature (22 degrees C), on a strong gradient (34-22 degrees C), and on a mild gradient (30-22 degrees C). The proportion of time engaged in the following behaviors was recorded: contact with the warm edge (thermotaxis), active huddling, and quiet huddling. Pups tested at 22 degrees C engaged in active huddling, and their temperature dropped rapidly. Only on Day 14 were they able to maintain their temperature constant with a combination of vigorous exploration and quiet huddling. On the strong gradient, by contrast, pups were able to regulate their temperature at all ages. Young pups (4-5 days) depended on thermotaxis rather than huddling, separating when their temperature started to rise. With age, quiet huddling replaced thermotaxis as a dominant behavior. On the mild gradient, pups combined active and quiet huddling with thermotaxis, so that their temperature dropped at al slow steady rate (.1 degrees C/min). It is concluded that hamster pups have a well-developed capacity for behavioral temperature regulation. Whether they attempt to keep their temperature constant or tolerate a slow rate of drop depends on the amount of exogenous heat available, which under natural conditions would be supplied predominantly by the mother. These results suggest that the pups as well as the mother may participate in thermal regulation in the nest.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 2","pages":"234-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18114680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
A vagally mediated histaminergic component of food-related drinking in the rat. 大鼠食物相关饮水中迷走神经介导的组胺能成分。
Pub Date : 1982-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077863
F S Kraly, K R June

Histamine elicited drinking in a dose-related manner typically within 5 min after subcutaneous injection in male albino rats. Threshold for increased drinking was 1.25 mg/kg, and 2.5 mg/kg elicited half of the maximal drinking response that followed 20 mg/kg. Histamine was not differentially potent for drinking in the day or night phase of the diurnal cycle. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, with the hepatic branch left intact, severely attenuated drinking in response to systemic histamine: Vagotomized rats drank later and less than did normal rats after doses of histamine between 1.25 and 40 mg/kg. This attenuation was attributed to the destruction of vagal afferent fibers because histamine-elicited drinking was not affected by blockade of vagal efferents with the peripheral anticholinergic atropine methyl nitrate. Drugs antagonistic to peripheral H2 histamine receptors specifically inhibited drinking in response to histamine: Intraperitoneal cimetidine or metiamide delayed and decreased drinking after sc histamine and temporarily decreased drinking after hypovolemia produced by sc polyethylene glycol, but these H2 antagonists failed to inhibit drinking after water deprivation, cellular dehydration, or isoproterenol. Finally, cimetidine or metiamide inhibited drinking in temporal association with a meal of liquid or solid food without decreasing food intake. These results constitute the first evidence for a peripheral histaminergic determinant of food-related drinking in the rat.

在雄性白化大鼠皮下注射组胺后,通常在5分钟内以剂量相关的方式引起饮酒。增加饮酒量的阈值为1.25 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg引起的最大饮酒反应是20 mg/kg后的一半。在昼夜循环的白天和夜间阶段,组胺的效力没有差异。双侧膈下迷走神经切断术,肝分支不受影响,严重减少了对全身性组胺的饮酒反应:在组胺剂量为1.25至40 mg/kg之间时,迷走神经切除大鼠的饮酒时间比正常大鼠晚且少。这种衰减归因于迷走神经传入纤维的破坏,因为组胺诱导的饮酒不受外周抗胆碱能药物硝酸甲酯阿托品阻断迷走神经传入的影响。外周H2组胺受体拮抗剂特异性抑制组胺作用下的饮酒:腹腔注射西咪替丁或甲氨酰胺延迟和减少sc组胺作用后的饮酒,并在sc聚乙二醇引起的低血容量后暂时减少饮酒,但这些H2拮抗剂不能抑制缺水、细胞脱水或异丙肾上腺素作用后的饮酒。最后,西咪替丁或甲氨酰胺在进食液体或固体食物的同时抑制饮酒,而不减少食物摄入量。这些结果构成了大鼠食物相关饮水的外周组胺能决定因素的第一个证据。
{"title":"A vagally mediated histaminergic component of food-related drinking in the rat.","authors":"F S Kraly,&nbsp;K R June","doi":"10.1037/h0077863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histamine elicited drinking in a dose-related manner typically within 5 min after subcutaneous injection in male albino rats. Threshold for increased drinking was 1.25 mg/kg, and 2.5 mg/kg elicited half of the maximal drinking response that followed 20 mg/kg. Histamine was not differentially potent for drinking in the day or night phase of the diurnal cycle. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, with the hepatic branch left intact, severely attenuated drinking in response to systemic histamine: Vagotomized rats drank later and less than did normal rats after doses of histamine between 1.25 and 40 mg/kg. This attenuation was attributed to the destruction of vagal afferent fibers because histamine-elicited drinking was not affected by blockade of vagal efferents with the peripheral anticholinergic atropine methyl nitrate. Drugs antagonistic to peripheral H2 histamine receptors specifically inhibited drinking in response to histamine: Intraperitoneal cimetidine or metiamide delayed and decreased drinking after sc histamine and temporarily decreased drinking after hypovolemia produced by sc polyethylene glycol, but these H2 antagonists failed to inhibit drinking after water deprivation, cellular dehydration, or isoproterenol. Finally, cimetidine or metiamide inhibited drinking in temporal association with a meal of liquid or solid food without decreasing food intake. These results constitute the first evidence for a peripheral histaminergic determinant of food-related drinking in the rat.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 1","pages":"89-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18103458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Testosterone acts as a prohormone to stimulate male copulatory behavior in male deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus bairdi). 雄性鹿鼠(peromyscus maniculatus bairdi)的雄性交配行为中,睾丸激素是一种刺激雄性交配行为的前激素。
Pub Date : 1982-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077859
L G Clemens, S M Pomerantz

In order to determine the importance of reduced and aromatized metabolites of testosterone for male sexual behavior in Peromyscus maniculatus bairdi, castrated males were treated with 5 alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibitors. In the first experiment, testosterone propionate (TP) activation of male copulatory behavior was blocked by the administration of the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor 4-androsten-3-one-17-beta carboxylic acid (17 beta C). These treatments also prevented TP stimulation of seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland weight. The inhibitory effects of 17 beta C were specific to testosterone, since 17 beta C did not prevent dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP) induction of male sexual behavior or seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland weight increases. In the second experiment, TP activation of male copulatory behavior was prevented by the administration of the aromatase inhibitor 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD). The ATD did not interfere with DHTP activation of male reproductive behavior. Also, TP and DHTP stimulation of accessory sex organ weight was not blocked by ATD. On the basis of these data, it is suggested that metabolism of testosterone to both 5 alpha-reduced androgens and estrogens is obligatory for testosterone to reliably stimulate male sexual behavior in castrated male deer mice.

为了确定睾丸激素的还原和芳香化代谢物对雄性马尾鱼(Peromyscus maniculatus bairdi)性行为的重要性,我们用5种α -还原酶和芳香化酶抑制剂处理阉割的雄性马尾鱼。在第一个实验中,施用5 α -还原酶抑制剂4-雄烯-3- 1 -17-羧酸(17 β C)可以阻断丙酸睾酮(TP)对雄性交配行为的激活,这些处理还可以阻止TP对精囊和腹侧前列腺重量的刺激。17 β C对睾酮的抑制作用是特异性的,因为17 β C不能阻止丙酸二氢睾酮(DHTP)诱导男性性行为或精囊和腹侧前列腺重量的增加。在第二个实验中,通过施用芳香化酶抑制剂1,4,6-雄雄甾烷-3,17-二酮(ATD)来阻止TP激活雄性交配行为。ATD不干扰DHTP对雄性生殖行为的激活。此外,ATD对副性器官体重的TP和DHTP刺激没有阻断作用。在这些数据的基础上,我们认为睾酮代谢为5 α -还原雄激素和雌激素是睾酮在阉割雄鹿小鼠中可靠刺激雄性性行为的必要条件。
{"title":"Testosterone acts as a prohormone to stimulate male copulatory behavior in male deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus bairdi).","authors":"L G Clemens,&nbsp;S M Pomerantz","doi":"10.1037/h0077859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to determine the importance of reduced and aromatized metabolites of testosterone for male sexual behavior in Peromyscus maniculatus bairdi, castrated males were treated with 5 alpha-reductase and aromatase inhibitors. In the first experiment, testosterone propionate (TP) activation of male copulatory behavior was blocked by the administration of the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor 4-androsten-3-one-17-beta carboxylic acid (17 beta C). These treatments also prevented TP stimulation of seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland weight. The inhibitory effects of 17 beta C were specific to testosterone, since 17 beta C did not prevent dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP) induction of male sexual behavior or seminal vesicles and ventral prostate gland weight increases. In the second experiment, TP activation of male copulatory behavior was prevented by the administration of the aromatase inhibitor 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD). The ATD did not interfere with DHTP activation of male reproductive behavior. Also, TP and DHTP stimulation of accessory sex organ weight was not blocked by ATD. On the basis of these data, it is suggested that metabolism of testosterone to both 5 alpha-reduced androgens and estrogens is obligatory for testosterone to reliably stimulate male sexual behavior in castrated male deer mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 1","pages":"114-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18103511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Maternal behavior of rats is affected by hormonal condition of pups. 母性行为受幼鼠激素状况的影响。
Pub Date : 1982-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077866
C L Moore

Previous research has found that maternal rats discriminate male from female offspring and provide more anogenital licking to males. Two experiments were performed to determine whether this discrimination is based on hormonal condition of young. It was found that 500 micrograms of testosterone, estradiol, or dihydrotestosterone injected on the day of birth into female pups led to their receiving an equivalent amount of maternal anogenital licking as males and significantly more than either oil or untreated females. The different steroids had similar effects. Maternal nonanogenital licking was not affected by sex or hormonal condition of pups, but it was significantly increased by injection per se. Effects on maternal behavior of hormonal condition or neonatal injection of young were apparent 1 and 9 days after injection.

先前的研究发现,母鼠区分雄性和雌性后代,并为雄性提供更多的肛门生殖器舔舐。进行了两个实验来确定这种歧视是否基于年轻人的荷尔蒙状况。研究发现,在出生当天给雌性幼崽注射500微克睾酮、雌二醇或双氢睾酮,雌性幼崽得到的母鼠舔肛量与雄性幼崽相当,明显高于油或未经处理的雌性幼崽。不同的类固醇有相似的效果。母鼠舔肛不受幼鼠性别或激素状况的影响,但注射本身显著增加了舔肛。注射后第1天和第9天,激素状况和新生儿注射对母性行为的影响较为明显。
{"title":"Maternal behavior of rats is affected by hormonal condition of pups.","authors":"C L Moore","doi":"10.1037/h0077866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has found that maternal rats discriminate male from female offspring and provide more anogenital licking to males. Two experiments were performed to determine whether this discrimination is based on hormonal condition of young. It was found that 500 micrograms of testosterone, estradiol, or dihydrotestosterone injected on the day of birth into female pups led to their receiving an equivalent amount of maternal anogenital licking as males and significantly more than either oil or untreated females. The different steroids had similar effects. Maternal nonanogenital licking was not affected by sex or hormonal condition of pups, but it was significantly increased by injection per se. Effects on maternal behavior of hormonal condition or neonatal injection of young were apparent 1 and 9 days after injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 1","pages":"123-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18103512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
An evaluation of dipsogenic stimuli in the African green monkey. 非洲绿猴发病刺激的评价。
Pub Date : 1982-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077867
J W Wright, E M Schulz, J W Harding

Elevations in the concentration of plasma angiotensin II (AII) and decline in plasma aldosterone (Ald) were noted in African Green monkeys at 48 hr of water deprivation but not subsequent to an equivalent duration of food deprivation, compared with nondeprived levels. In a second experiment, drinking was initiated following treatment with AII, hypertonic saline, and the beta-adrenergic stimulator isoproterenol. Concomitant elevations in plasma AII concentrations were measured following isoproterenol injection, but not after AII or hypertonic saline injection, when compared with isotonic saline treatment. Elevations in plasma Ald levels were noted following AII injection. A third experiment evaluated dipsogenic additivity of stimuli by comparing the volumes of water consumed following isoproterenol or hypertonic saline injection with the intake resulting from combined treatment with isoproterenol and hypertonic saline. Additivity was tested under ad lib conditions and following adaptation to a daily water deprivation regimen. The results of the first two experiments generally agree with predictions based on the respective contributions by intracellular dehydration and extracellular fluid volume depletion, to thirst. However, additivity of thirst stimuli was not demonstrated in the third experiment.

非洲绿猴在缺水48小时时血浆血管紧张素II (AII)浓度升高,血浆醛固酮(Ald)浓度下降,而在同等时间的食物剥夺后,与未缺水的水平相比,血浆醛固酮(Ald)浓度下降。在第二个实验中,用AII、高渗盐水和-肾上腺素能刺激剂异丙肾上腺素治疗后开始饮酒。与等渗盐水治疗相比,注射异丙肾上腺素后血浆AII浓度升高,而注射AII或高渗盐水后血浆AII浓度升高。注射AII后血浆Ald水平升高。第三个实验通过比较异丙肾上腺素或高渗生理盐水注射后的饮水量与异丙肾上腺素和高渗生理盐水联合治疗后的饮水量来评估刺激的双重诱发性。在随机条件下和适应每日缺水方案后,测试了加和性。前两个实验的结果大体上与基于细胞内脱水和细胞外液体体积耗竭各自对口渴的贡献的预测相一致。然而,口渴刺激的可加性在第三个实验中没有得到证实。
{"title":"An evaluation of dipsogenic stimuli in the African green monkey.","authors":"J W Wright,&nbsp;E M Schulz,&nbsp;J W Harding","doi":"10.1037/h0077867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevations in the concentration of plasma angiotensin II (AII) and decline in plasma aldosterone (Ald) were noted in African Green monkeys at 48 hr of water deprivation but not subsequent to an equivalent duration of food deprivation, compared with nondeprived levels. In a second experiment, drinking was initiated following treatment with AII, hypertonic saline, and the beta-adrenergic stimulator isoproterenol. Concomitant elevations in plasma AII concentrations were measured following isoproterenol injection, but not after AII or hypertonic saline injection, when compared with isotonic saline treatment. Elevations in plasma Ald levels were noted following AII injection. A third experiment evaluated dipsogenic additivity of stimuli by comparing the volumes of water consumed following isoproterenol or hypertonic saline injection with the intake resulting from combined treatment with isoproterenol and hypertonic saline. Additivity was tested under ad lib conditions and following adaptation to a daily water deprivation regimen. The results of the first two experiments generally agree with predictions based on the respective contributions by intracellular dehydration and extracellular fluid volume depletion, to thirst. However, additivity of thirst stimuli was not demonstrated in the third experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 1","pages":"78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18083427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Spatial mapping, working memory, and the fimbria-fornix system. 空间映射,工作记忆,穹窿毡系统。
Pub Date : 1982-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/h0077862
G Buzsáki, L Bors, F Nagy, E Eidelberg

Rats with lesions severing either the subcallosal fornix (Fo) or the medial half of the fimbria (Fi) were used. They were compared with control (Co) animals in a working memory task (serial alternation) and a reference memory task (cue-guided alternation). Neither task required spatial mapping strategy. Damaging the Fi, but not the Fo, caused a severe deficit in the serial alternation task. Analysis of individual performance revealed that Fi rats either adopted a "side strategy, " resulting in worse than chance performance. This active perseveration required intact working memory mechanism. In the cue-guided alternation task, Fo animals proved superior to Co and Fi rats. These findings are inconsistent with notions that the exclusive role of the hippocampus is spatial mapping or storing of recent memories. They indicate also differential involvement of the fimbria and fornix fibers in behavior.

使用损伤切断胼胝体下穹窿(Fo)或中半部毛(Fi)的大鼠。他们在工作记忆任务(序列交替)和参考记忆任务(提示引导交替)中与对照(Co)动物进行比较。这两个任务都不需要空间映射策略。破坏Fi,而不是Fo,导致了串行交替任务的严重缺陷。对个体表现的分析表明,大鼠要么采取了“侧面策略”,导致表现不如偶然。这种主动持续需要完整的工作记忆机制。在提示引导交替任务中,Fo动物优于Co和Fi大鼠。这些发现与海马体的唯一作用是空间映射或储存最近记忆的观念不一致。它们还表明,在行为中,毛状纤维和穹窿纤维有不同的参与。
{"title":"Spatial mapping, working memory, and the fimbria-fornix system.","authors":"G Buzsáki,&nbsp;L Bors,&nbsp;F Nagy,&nbsp;E Eidelberg","doi":"10.1037/h0077862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rats with lesions severing either the subcallosal fornix (Fo) or the medial half of the fimbria (Fi) were used. They were compared with control (Co) animals in a working memory task (serial alternation) and a reference memory task (cue-guided alternation). Neither task required spatial mapping strategy. Damaging the Fi, but not the Fo, caused a severe deficit in the serial alternation task. Analysis of individual performance revealed that Fi rats either adopted a \"side strategy, \" resulting in worse than chance performance. This active perseveration required intact working memory mechanism. In the cue-guided alternation task, Fo animals proved superior to Co and Fi rats. These findings are inconsistent with notions that the exclusive role of the hippocampus is spatial mapping or storing of recent memories. They indicate also differential involvement of the fimbria and fornix fibers in behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":15394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"96 1","pages":"26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/h0077862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18103453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
期刊
Journal of comparative and physiological psychology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1