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Journal of Correctional Health Care 惩教保健杂志
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816635609
Reading an issue of the Journal of Correctional Health Care and completing the corresponding exam is considered a single continuing education activity. The self-study exam questions are based on selected articles in this issue. Content is intended to be presented without bias of any commercial product or drug. You may answer exam questions relating to every article, or you may select questions relating to specific articles. Credit will be awarded for each article, assuming 75% of the questions are answered correctly. Credit provided is 1.0 hour per article. The exam is graded automatically and results are confidential. Term of approval requires that exams must be completed within 2 years of the distribution date of this publication. Credit may be claimed for this issue of JCHC until April 30, 2018.
阅读一期《惩教卫生保健杂志》并完成相应的考试被视为单一的继续教育活动。自习题是根据本期文章选编的。内容旨在呈现没有任何商业产品或药物的偏见。你可以回答与每篇文章相关的考试问题，也可以选择与特定文章相关的问题。如果答对了75%的问题，每篇文章都将获得加分。每篇文章提供1.0小时的学分。考试自动评分，成绩保密。批准期限要求考试必须在本出版物发行日期的2年内完成。在2018年4月30日之前，可以对JCHC的这批信用证进行索赔。
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引用次数: 0
Preparing Corrections Staff for the Future 为未来准备惩戒人员
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816634667
J. Masters, T. Magnuson, Barbara L Bayer, J. Potter, Paul P. Falkowski
The aging of the prison population presents corrections staff with unique challenges in knowing how to support inmates while maintaining security. This article describes a 2-day training program to introduce the aging process to select staff at all levels. While the results of a pre-posttest measure, using a modified version of Palmore’s Facts on Aging Quiz, did not produce a statistically significant difference at the conclusion of the training, attendees did express satisfaction with the training and their newfound insight into the challenges faced by aging inmates. They also offered recommendations for future training to include more practical suggestions for the work environment.
监狱人口的老龄化给教改人员带来了独特的挑战，他们知道如何在维持安全的同时支持囚犯。本文介绍了一个为期两天的培训计划，介绍了老化过程，以选择各级员工。虽然在训练结束时，使用改良版Palmore 's Facts on Aging Quiz进行的前后测试结果并没有产生统计学上的显著差异，但参与者确实对训练表示满意，并对老年囚犯面临的挑战有了新的认识。他们还对未来的培训提出了建议，包括对工作环境的更实际的建议。
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引用次数: 14
Editor’s Letter 编辑的信
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816635602
John R. Miles
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引用次数: 29
Social Factors Related to the Utilization of Health Care Among Prison Inmates. 监狱在押人员利用医疗保健的社会因素。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816633701
Kathryn M Nowotny

This study examines the demographic and social factors related to health care utilization in prisons using the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities. The findings show that education and employment, strong predictors of health care in the community, are not associated with health care in prisons. Although female inmates have a higher disease burden than male inmates, there are no sex differences in health care usage. The factors associated with health care, however, vary for women and men. Notably, Black men are significantly more likely to utilize health care compared to White and Latino men. The findings suggest that, given the constitutionally mandated health care for inmates, prisons can potentially minimize racial disparities in care and that prisons, in general, are an important context for health care delivery in the United States.

本研究利用2004年国家惩教设施囚犯调查调查了与监狱卫生保健利用有关的人口和社会因素。调查结果表明，教育和就业是社区卫生保健的有力预测指标，但与监狱卫生保健无关。虽然女性囚犯的疾病负担高于男性囚犯，但在保健使用方面没有性别差异。然而，与保健有关的因素因男女而异。值得注意的是，与白人和拉丁裔男性相比，黑人男性更有可能利用医疗保健。研究结果表明，鉴于宪法规定对囚犯的医疗保健，监狱有可能最大限度地减少医疗保健方面的种族差异，而且监狱总体上是美国提供医疗保健的一个重要环境。
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引用次数: 19
Goals and Plans of Incarcerated Men Postrelease 囚犯出狱后的目标和计划
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816635187
J. J. van den Berg, B. Bock, M. Roberts, D. Parker, Rosemarie A. Martin, L. Stein, J. Clarke
Prior research has not examined the self-identified goals and plans of incarcerated people as they approach release from prison. This study analyzed the goals and plans generated during a motivational interviewing counseling session of incarcerated men who participated in a randomized controlled trial of a smoking abstinence intervention in a tobacco-free prison in the northeastern United States. Using thematic analysis, 53 written goals and plans were independently coded by trained research assistants to identify major themes that included (1) staying smoke-free or reducing the number of cigarettes smoked postrelease, (2) engaging in physical activities to improve health and wellness, and (3) spending time with family and/or friends. Implications for working with inmates to identify their plans and goals to remain smoke-free after incarceration are discussed.
先前的研究并没有调查被监禁者在即将出狱时自我确定的目标和计划。本研究分析了在美国东北部一所无烟监狱参加戒烟干预随机对照试验的在押人员在动机性访谈咨询会议期间产生的目标和计划。通过主题分析，53个书面目标和计划由训练有素的研究助理独立编码，以确定主要主题，包括(1)保持无烟或减少释放后吸烟的数量，(2)从事体育活动以改善健康和健康，(3)与家人和/或朋友共度时光。讨论了与囚犯合作确定他们在监禁后保持无烟的计划和目标的意义。
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引用次数: 2
Awareness and Environmental Exposures Related to Coccidioidomycosis Among Inmates at Two California Prisons, 2013. 2013年加州两所监狱囚犯对球孢子菌病的认知和环境暴露。
IF 0.8 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816635577
Kaitlin Benedict, Anne E Purfield, Janet Mohle-Boetani, Charlotte Wheeler, Benjamin J Park

Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) is a major cause of illness in inmates in some California prisons. This article discusses an investigation conducted at two prisons to describe potential environmental exposures. The study did not identify modifiable risk factors; limiting the type or duration of outdoor activity in these prisons may not decrease coccidioidomycosis morbidity.

球孢子菌病（谷热）是加州一些监狱中囚犯患病的主要原因。本文讨论了在两个监狱进行的一项调查，以描述潜在的环境暴露。该研究没有确定可改变的风险因素；限制这些监狱户外活动的类型或持续时间可能不会降低球虫病的发病率。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic Error in Correctional Mental Health 矫正心理健康诊断错误
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816634327
Micha Martin, K. Hynes, S. Hatcher, I. Colman
While they have important implications for inmates and resourcing of correctional institutions, diagnostic errors are rarely discussed in correctional mental health research. This review seeks to estimate the prevalence of diagnostic errors in prisons and jails and explores potential causes and consequences. Diagnostic errors are defined as discrepancies in an inmate’s diagnostic status depending on who is responsible for conducting the assessment and/or the methods used. It is estimated that at least 10% to 15% of all inmates may be incorrectly classified in terms of the presence or absence of a mental illness. Inmate characteristics, relationships with staff, and cognitive errors stemming from the use of heuristics when faced with time constraints are discussed as possible sources of error. A policy example of screening for mental illness at intake to prison is used to illustrate when the risk of diagnostic error might be increased and to explore strategies to mitigate this risk.
虽然诊断错误对囚犯和惩教机构的资源有重要影响，但在惩教心理健康研究中很少讨论诊断错误。本审查旨在估计监狱和拘留所诊断错误的普遍程度，并探讨潜在的原因和后果。诊断错误的定义是，由于负责进行评估的人员和/或使用的方法不同，囚犯的诊断状态出现差异。据估计，至少有10%到15%的囚犯可能被错误地归类为存在或不存在精神疾病。囚犯的特征，与工作人员的关系，以及在面临时间限制时使用启发式所产生的认知错误，都是可能的错误来源。本文以在监狱关押时筛查精神疾病的政策为例，说明诊断错误的风险何时可能增加，并探讨减轻这种风险的战略。
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引用次数: 18
Substance Use, Disordered Eating, and Weight Gain 物质使用、饮食失调和体重增加
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816634692
L. Drach, J. Maher, Margaret J. F. Braun, S. L. Murray, E. Sazie
Weight-related concerns are associated with women’s substance use and treatment relapse. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, disordered eating behavior, and substance abuse history was assessed among female inmates incarcerated for 6 to 24 months at an Oregon state prison, using a self-administered survey and physical measurements. Average weight gain was 20 pounds, 87% of women were overweight (39%) or obese (48%), and 24% reported using one or more unhealthy strategies to lose weight in the past 6 months. Women who used tobacco and illicit substances before incarceration gained more weight. Integrating nutrition and weight gain issues into substance abuse treatment could benefit incarcerated women—both soon after entering prison to prevent weight gain and close to release to prevent relapse into substance use.
体重相关的担忧与女性药物使用和治疗复发有关。通过自我调查和身体测量，对在俄勒冈州监狱服刑6至24个月的女囚犯进行了超重、肥胖、饮食失调和药物滥用史的评估。平均体重增加20磅，87%的女性超重(39%)或肥胖(48%)，24%的女性报告在过去6个月里使用了一种或多种不健康的减肥策略。在监禁前使用烟草和非法药物的妇女体重增加更多。将营养和体重增加问题纳入药物滥用治疗可以使被监禁的妇女受益——既可以在刚入狱不久防止体重增加，也可以在即将出狱时防止再次使用药物。
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引用次数: 19
Screaming Behind a Door 门后尖叫
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/1078345816634079
S. Aronowitz, J. Laurent
Background and Purpose: Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is an evidence-based method of treating opioid addiction. Of incarcerated individuals in the United States, 50% to 85% have a history of substance abuse, and > 80% of inmates with opioid addiction history do not receive treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore individuals’ experiences after being tapered from MAT upon incarceration. Methods: Interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed using in-depth interviewing of 10 participants. Results: Analysis identified six themes that captured the essence of the participants’ experiences. Implications and Conclusion: Losing MAT upon incarceration was described as an extremely stressful experience for many individuals and may create issues for both inmates and facility staff. Further research is needed to discover ways to improve addiction treatment in prison.
背景与目的:药物辅助治疗(MAT)是一种基于证据的治疗阿片类药物成瘾的方法。在美国被监禁的人中，50%到85%有药物滥用史，80%有阿片类药物成瘾史的囚犯没有接受治疗。本研究的目的是探讨个人在监禁后从MAT逐渐减少后的经历。方法:采用解释性现象学分析，对10名被试进行深度访谈。结果:分析确定了六个主题，抓住了参与者经历的本质。含义和结论:对许多人来说，在监禁期间失去MAT是一种极其紧张的经历，可能会给囚犯和设施工作人员带来问题。需要进一步的研究来发现改善监狱成瘾治疗的方法。
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引用次数: 20
Characterizing the Burden of Hepatitis C Infection Among Entrants to Pennsylvania State Prisons, 2004 to 2012 2004年至2012年宾夕法尼亚州立监狱在押人员丙型肝炎感染负担特征分析
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Correctional Health Care
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1078345815618384
M. Mahowald, S. Larney, N. Zaller, N. Scharff, L. Taylor, C. Beckwith, A. Noska, J. Rich, T. Flanigan
Although hepatitis C (HCV) infection is common among prisoners, relatively few undergo evaluation for treatment. This study reports the prevalence of chronic infection and the genotype distribution among an incarcerated population. HCV antibody testing was provided to adults entering Pennsylvania prisons; confirmatory and genotype testing were offered to those eligible for treatment. Antibody prevalence among 101,727 individuals was 18.1%. Among 7,633 individuals who underwent confirmatory testing, 69.3% had detectable RNA. Among 3,247 individuals who underwent genotype testing, genotype 1 was the most common (76.6%). The rate of chronic infection after HCV exposure is similar to that reported in the community, as is genotype distribution. Correctional facilities provide access to a population with a high disease burden, creating a public health opportunity for evaluation and treatment.
尽管丙型肝炎(HCV)感染在囚犯中很常见，但接受治疗评估的相对较少。本研究报告了监禁人群中慢性感染的患病率和基因型分布。对进入宾夕法尼亚州监狱的成年人进行丙型肝炎病毒抗体检测;对符合治疗条件的患者进行验证性和基因型检测。101727人的抗体患病率为18.1%。在7633名接受确认性检测的个体中，69.3%的人检测到RNA。在3247例接受基因型检测的个体中，基因1型最常见(76.6%)。丙型肝炎病毒暴露后的慢性感染率与社区报告的相似，基因型分布也是如此。惩教设施为疾病负担沉重的人群提供了接触机会，为评估和治疗创造了公共卫生机会。
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引用次数: 10
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