This study aims to analyze how the Pakistani public engages with e-government, particularly at the local government level. The research focuses on the social media tools utilized by selected institutions, their social media management practices, institutional policies, and the impact of their initiatives. The study highlights the limited responsiveness of Pakistanis towards e-government adoption. The study shows that Pakistani government institutions are increasingly using social media platforms to engage with the public, establish connections, and receive feedback. However, certain departments need to transition to online platforms, necessitating more digital integration. Government social media administrators include CEOs, regional directors, information officers, and media officers, highlighting the complexity of public sector social media management. The study indicates that numerous social media management departments use data to highlight teamwork but have fewer senior female officers. The most commonly used social media platforms by government agencies are Facebook, official websites, and WhatsApp. Meeting citizens' expectations requires addressing issues, responding to queries, and maximizing the potential of social media. However, despite the popularity of social media, residents still prefer contacting government entities by phone and in person. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of clear social media policies for government bodies. The study underscores the need for government institutions to adapt their social media strategies based on public preferences. The report suggests that standard operating procedures (SOPs), varied social media teams, and explicit government social media laws can help improve the situation. The study provides a reliable framework for future research and legislation on government-citizen social media engagement, although it primarily reflects government officials' viewpoints.
{"title":"Government 2.0: Government-Citizen Engagement through Social Media in Pakistan","authors":"Ifra Iftikhar, Bushra Yasmeen, Naveeda Naureen, Naqsh Qazi","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v4i.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v4i.45","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze how the Pakistani public engages with e-government, particularly at the local government level. The research focuses on the social media tools utilized by selected institutions, their social media management practices, institutional policies, and the impact of their initiatives. The study highlights the limited responsiveness of Pakistanis towards e-government adoption. The study shows that Pakistani government institutions are increasingly using social media platforms to engage with the public, establish connections, and receive feedback. However, certain departments need to transition to online platforms, necessitating more digital integration. Government social media administrators include CEOs, regional directors, information officers, and media officers, highlighting the complexity of public sector social media management. The study indicates that numerous social media management departments use data to highlight teamwork but have fewer senior female officers. The most commonly used social media platforms by government agencies are Facebook, official websites, and WhatsApp. Meeting citizens' expectations requires addressing issues, responding to queries, and maximizing the potential of social media. However, despite the popularity of social media, residents still prefer contacting government entities by phone and in person. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of clear social media policies for government bodies. The study underscores the need for government institutions to adapt their social media strategies based on public preferences. The report suggests that standard operating procedures (SOPs), varied social media teams, and explicit government social media laws can help improve the situation. The study provides a reliable framework for future research and legislation on government-citizen social media engagement, although it primarily reflects government officials' viewpoints. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140390808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research delves into how married couples with two breadwinners divide up their time and energy between the home and the office. Using a method known as "purposive sampling," data were gathered from urban areas and Rawalpindi. About a hundred people filled out the survey. Spouses from couples where both partners contributed financially took part. This research focused solely on married couples who both held full-time jobs and were responsible for raising children. In the present study, information was gathered through a quantitative survey research design. The information was gathered using a structured questionnaire with three parts: a) domestic burden, b) economic burden, and c) work-life balance. Both partners in a dual-earner couple contribute financially, but the data showed that women take on more of the housework responsibilities than men do. According to the findings, the domestic burden placed on a couple rises after the birth of a child. The data also showed that both men and women feel they are successfully juggling their professional and personal responsibilities.
{"title":"Gender Roles and Work-Family Balance among Dual-Earner Couples in Pakistan","authors":"Sahira Zaman, Marrukh Shahid","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.27","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into how married couples with two breadwinners divide up their time and energy between the home and the office. Using a method known as \"purposive sampling,\" data were gathered from urban areas and Rawalpindi. About a hundred people filled out the survey. Spouses from couples where both partners contributed financially took part. This research focused solely on married couples who both held full-time jobs and were responsible for raising children. In the present study, information was gathered through a quantitative survey research design. The information was gathered using a structured questionnaire with three parts: a) domestic burden, b) economic burden, and c) work-life balance. Both partners in a dual-earner couple contribute financially, but the data showed that women take on more of the housework responsibilities than men do. According to the findings, the domestic burden placed on a couple rises after the birth of a child. The data also showed that both men and women feel they are successfully juggling their professional and personal responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115616035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed at looking into how managerial accounting methods affect small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs') ability to turn a profit in Jordan's capital city of Amman. The specific objective was to identify the different MATs used by SMEs in Jordan, the extent to which these management accounting techniques (MATs) impact the profitability of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and to identify challenges faced by SMEs. Amman while using MAT. The number of SMEs in Amman is 1400. To obtain the sample, the multi-organizational inspection method is utilized. Following the selection of these 30 SMEs, population strata were divided into two categories: small (10–19 employees) and medium initiatives. This was done through the use of rigorous testing procedures (20 - 99 employees). The managers of these organizations filled out 100 questionnaires, of which 77 were carried out by men and 23 by women. However, 200 surveys were completed by the personnel of these SMEs (148 men and 52 women). The public is found to benefit from competition in the market and owner/manager involvement. The researchers have provided some recommendations in light of the findings that will assist Jordanian small and medium-sized businesses in turning a profit by utilizing managerial accounting procedures.
{"title":"The Impact of Managerial Accounting Techniques on Small and medium Enterprises to Achieve Profits within the Amman Capital City of Jordan","authors":"Wesam Abu matar, H. Kanasro","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.19","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at looking into how managerial accounting methods affect small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs') ability to turn a profit in Jordan's capital city of Amman. The specific objective was to identify the different MATs used by SMEs in Jordan, the extent to which these management accounting techniques (MATs) impact the profitability of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and to identify challenges faced by SMEs. Amman while using MAT. The number of SMEs in Amman is 1400. To obtain the sample, the multi-organizational inspection method is utilized. Following the selection of these 30 SMEs, population strata were divided into two categories: small (10–19 employees) and medium initiatives. This was done through the use of rigorous testing procedures (20 - 99 employees). The managers of these organizations filled out 100 questionnaires, of which 77 were carried out by men and 23 by women. However, 200 surveys were completed by the personnel of these SMEs (148 men and 52 women). The public is found to benefit from competition in the market and owner/manager involvement. The researchers have provided some recommendations in light of the findings that will assist Jordanian small and medium-sized businesses in turning a profit by utilizing managerial accounting procedures.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115525795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gender discrimination means any kind of bias based on a person's gender. There are numerous elements of our existence in which it manifests itself through various forms of media. Stereotypical characters are frequently used in today's media. This paper introduces a character-driven cinema technique, borrowing techniques from dramatic character design to create unique protagonists and antagonists. This article covers the findings of a research-driven design project in which the Multimedia Art Thesis Project investigated gender stereotypes and analyzed the media's role in their continuation. Students learn by creating, and the results of their research on gender perception and literature review, a visual review of various subject-oriented films and characters, several stories, and character design choices regarding neutral characters are embodied in their critical project outcomes such as plot, setting, characters, environments, conflict, and related to how specific features in a character design can strongly address gender dissonance. We make a creative provocation toward a model of gender inequality. This study presents the user's perspective through an interactive film that adapts to the viewer's decisions. In this narrative, lipstick is a metaphor for the protagonist’s internal conflict over whether or not to comply with societal expectations for women as a girl and whether or not to pursue her dreams. It becomes clear by the end of the paper that our immediate environment and culture play a crucial part in shaping whom we become.
{"title":"Design of Gender Opinion in Interactive Film Lipstick","authors":"Suffi Bilal Khalid, Aroosa Masood","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.25","url":null,"abstract":"Gender discrimination means any kind of bias based on a person's gender. There are numerous elements of our existence in which it manifests itself through various forms of media. Stereotypical characters are frequently used in today's media. This paper introduces a character-driven cinema technique, borrowing techniques from dramatic character design to create unique protagonists and antagonists. This article covers the findings of a research-driven design project in which the Multimedia Art Thesis Project investigated gender stereotypes and analyzed the media's role in their continuation. Students learn by creating, and the results of their research on gender perception and literature review, a visual review of various subject-oriented films and characters, several stories, and character design choices regarding neutral characters are embodied in their critical project outcomes such as plot, setting, characters, environments, conflict, and related to how specific features in a character design can strongly address gender dissonance. We make a creative provocation toward a model of gender inequality. This study presents the user's perspective through an interactive film that adapts to the viewer's decisions. In this narrative, lipstick is a metaphor for the protagonist’s internal conflict over whether or not to comply with societal expectations for women as a girl and whether or not to pursue her dreams. It becomes clear by the end of the paper that our immediate environment and culture play a crucial part in shaping whom we become.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"119 46","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113945306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has gained attention from multiple viewpoints, including the sharing of information at the state level. News outlets, including print, electronic and social media, have extensively covered the CPEC from various angles and with various ideological perspectives. Qualitative and quantitative studies on the treatment of the CPEC in the print media reveal that the CPEC is framed in positive terms and the project is deemed as a game changer and solution to Pakistan’s economic problems. This research study uses qualitative methodology with the dialectical reasoning approach proposed by Fairclough. The study is aimed at critically evaluating the arguments presented in the editorials and opinion columns of the English newspaper Dawn. The study sample comprises all the editorials and opinion columns for the years 2021 and 2022. Dawn produced four editorials and three opinion columns in the two years about CPEC. Analysis of these texts reveals that the authors are challenging the dominant positive discourses on the CPEC. Government and policymakers are criticized for the lack of transparency. CPEC is now not viewed as a game changer and panacea for all problems of Pakistan. The hopes for economic prosperity are waning and the newspaper is arguing for a major shift in the discourse on CPEC. The arguments presented in the texts challenge the win-win narrative.
{"title":"Economic Spheres! Media Framing of CPEC in Pakistan","authors":"A. Manzoor, Zahid_yousaf Zahid Yousaf","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.34","url":null,"abstract":"The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has gained attention from multiple viewpoints, including the sharing of information at the state level. News outlets, including print, electronic and social media, have extensively covered the CPEC from various angles and with various ideological perspectives. Qualitative and quantitative studies on the treatment of the CPEC in the print media reveal that the CPEC is framed in positive terms and the project is deemed as a game changer and solution to Pakistan’s economic problems. This research study uses qualitative methodology with the dialectical reasoning approach proposed by Fairclough. The study is aimed at critically evaluating the arguments presented in the editorials and opinion columns of the English newspaper Dawn. The study sample comprises all the editorials and opinion columns for the years 2021 and 2022. Dawn produced four editorials and three opinion columns in the two years about CPEC. Analysis of these texts reveals that the authors are challenging the dominant positive discourses on the CPEC. Government and policymakers are criticized for the lack of transparency. CPEC is now not viewed as a game changer and panacea for all problems of Pakistan. The hopes for economic prosperity are waning and the newspaper is arguing for a major shift in the discourse on CPEC. The arguments presented in the texts challenge the win-win narrative.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117332040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nimra Zaffer, M_shabbir_sarwar Muhammad Shabbir Sarwar, Aqsa_zaffer Aqsa Zaffer
This study aims to assess the coverage of the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) in prime-time news bulletins of private national television news channels: ARY News & Geo News. The researcher carried out a content analysis to address issues such as misrepresentation, fabrication, manipulation, and under-representation of activities and events related to the coverage of PDM. Using the theoretical framework of ‘Priming’ in Agenda Setting Theory and Gatekeeping Theory, a comparative analysis has been conducted in relation to the coverage of PDM’s four main processions in Lahore, Bahawalpur, Multan, and Peshawar. The researcher selected 16 prime-time news bulletins of both ARY News & Geo News — through the purposive sampling technique — from 22nd Nov to 23rd January 2021. Eight of these news bulletins were aired on the days of the processions; while the other eight were aired the day following these processions. The findings of this study indicated that in comparison to Geo News, ARY News was more anti-biased in the representation of events concerning PDM — as it manipulated the perception of its viewers regarding PDM by feeding them fabricated and manipulative news. Moreover, ARY News also under-represented the actual concerns of PDM.
{"title":"Policing the Priming and Gatekeeping Dilemma: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan Democratic Movement in ARY News & Geo News","authors":"Nimra Zaffer, M_shabbir_sarwar Muhammad Shabbir Sarwar, Aqsa_zaffer Aqsa Zaffer","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.26","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the coverage of the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) in prime-time news bulletins of private national television news channels: ARY News & Geo News. The researcher carried out a content analysis to address issues such as misrepresentation, fabrication, manipulation, and under-representation of activities and events related to the coverage of PDM. Using the theoretical framework of ‘Priming’ in Agenda Setting Theory and Gatekeeping Theory, a comparative analysis has been conducted in relation to the coverage of PDM’s four main processions in Lahore, Bahawalpur, Multan, and Peshawar. The researcher selected 16 prime-time news bulletins of both ARY News & Geo News — through the purposive sampling technique — from 22nd Nov to 23rd January 2021. Eight of these news bulletins were aired on the days of the processions; while the other eight were aired the day following these processions. The findings of this study indicated that in comparison to Geo News, ARY News was more anti-biased in the representation of events concerning PDM — as it manipulated the perception of its viewers regarding PDM by feeding them fabricated and manipulative news. Moreover, ARY News also under-represented the actual concerns of PDM.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117211765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
YouTube videos have become a huge source of revenue and have the capacity to launch or boost young people’s earnings. However, in Pakistan, its potential is underutilized and there is still room for further investigation. The authors’ goal is to identify the factors that might offer possibilities or be advantageous for making money, specifically how YouTube influences the earning behavior of Pakistani youth. For this purpose, two separate self-administered questionnaires, one for YouTubers, and one for YouTube users were developed. The results indicate that as marketing moves toward digitization, vloggers stand to gain. The majority of users watch YouTube daily and trust vloggers' opinions regarding any product. Hence, vloggers may seek out advertising deals or collaborate with brands to fund their content. Additionally, a greater number of subscribers increases the income however the users have preferred vloggers whose opinions they are more inclined to believe. Further findings reveal that tutorials or how-to videos have a greater scope since they are more popular with users and might bring in more money for YouTubers if they are developed.
{"title":"YOUTUBE: A Compelling Source of Earning for Pakistani Youth","authors":"S. Shahzad, T. Fatima","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.31","url":null,"abstract":"YouTube videos have become a huge source of revenue and have the capacity to launch or boost young people’s earnings. However, in Pakistan, its potential is underutilized and there is still room for further investigation. The authors’ goal is to identify the factors that might offer possibilities or be advantageous for making money, specifically how YouTube influences the earning behavior of Pakistani youth. For this purpose, two separate self-administered questionnaires, one for YouTubers, and one for YouTube users were developed. The results indicate that as marketing moves toward digitization, vloggers stand to gain. The majority of users watch YouTube daily and trust vloggers' opinions regarding any product. Hence, vloggers may seek out advertising deals or collaborate with brands to fund their content. Additionally, a greater number of subscribers increases the income however the users have preferred vloggers whose opinions they are more inclined to believe. Further findings reveal that tutorials or how-to videos have a greater scope since they are more popular with users and might bring in more money for YouTubers if they are developed.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128070311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Erum, Azhar_ul Azhar ul Haq Wahid, Rab_nawaz Rab Nawaz
The research examines the typical frames employed in Pakistani English newspapers' depiction of the COVID-19 epidemic using the emergence of a Corona epidemic as a case study. To examine media framing, the qualitative inductive content research of COVID-19 pertinent news published articles within Dawn and Daily Tribune e-papers is used. News articles on COVID-19 were reported by the Express Tribune and Dawn e-papers. The inductive content evaluation revealed three major themes: pandemic scale, epidemic social and economic effects, and scientific developments related to the pandemic. The findings demonstrated that educating readers was the main objective of the e-papers' reporting. When using medical terminology, it was explained in detail and avoided whenever possible. Almost bulk of the stories evolved naturally because the pandemic spread quickly during in the time period selected. The majority of a news-related data was gathered in a way that would inform readers and decision-makers about how quickly the pandemic was spreading. Guidelines for picking up social and economic activities that had been put on hold because of the COVID-19 epidemic were also included in the study.
{"title":"Economic and Social Effects: Media Framing of Covid-19 in Pakistani English Press","authors":"S. Erum, Azhar_ul Azhar ul Haq Wahid, Rab_nawaz Rab Nawaz","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.29","url":null,"abstract":"The research examines the typical frames employed in Pakistani English newspapers' depiction of the COVID-19 epidemic using the emergence of a Corona epidemic as a case study. To examine media framing, the qualitative inductive content research of COVID-19 pertinent news published articles within Dawn and Daily Tribune e-papers is used. News articles on COVID-19 were reported by the Express Tribune and Dawn e-papers. The inductive content evaluation revealed three major themes: pandemic scale, epidemic social and economic effects, and scientific developments related to the pandemic. The findings demonstrated that educating readers was the main objective of the e-papers' reporting. When using medical terminology, it was explained in detail and avoided whenever possible. Almost bulk of the stories evolved naturally because the pandemic spread quickly during in the time period selected. The majority of a news-related data was gathered in a way that would inform readers and decision-makers about how quickly the pandemic was spreading. Guidelines for picking up social and economic activities that had been put on hold because of the COVID-19 epidemic were also included in the study.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128295355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahid Bilal, M_usman_saeed Muhammad Usman Saeed, Sobia_abid Sobia Abid
The imprints of media’s agenda setting may be traced evidently during elections campaigns as the coverage of political issues, pertaining to the political parties contesting in the elections, seems to be more heightened on different mass media platforms. This study describes the relationship of network inter-media agenda setting, examining the coverage of ‘electoral rigging’ issue which emerged as the key political issue and slogan of losing political party and gained the momentum of a movement against the ruling political party, blaming them of coming in power after a rigged election, during post elections 2013 in Pakistan. ‘Social Network’ analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected from three newspapers belonging to leading media houses of Pakistan ; Daily Jang, Daily Dunya and Daily Express to explore the relationship of inter-media agenda setting networks. Findings conclude that all three newspapers were found on the same agenda about elections-2013 in news coverage. However, editorial policy of Daily Dunya and Daily Jang was different on electoral rigging issue. Daily Dunya editorial policy was also found different about PML-N government from other two papers. Finally, it is argued, although intermedia agenda setting are found valid in Pakistan, yet effects are larger for national issue of electoral rigging, and minimal in case of political party, PML-N rigging. QAP Correlation results indicate strong association among the agenda of three newspapers. However, these associations are different for two issues; Electoral rigging, and PML-N rigging. Intermedia agenda setting effects are larger for the issue of electoral rigging, and minimal for the issue of PML-N rigging.
{"title":"Third Level Intermedia Agenda: Comparative Analysis of Electoral Rigging Issue Coverage in Urdu Press of Pakistan","authors":"Zahid Bilal, M_usman_saeed Muhammad Usman Saeed, Sobia_abid Sobia Abid","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.32","url":null,"abstract":"The imprints of media’s agenda setting may be traced evidently during elections campaigns as the coverage of political issues, pertaining to the political parties contesting in the elections, seems to be more heightened on different mass media platforms. This study describes the relationship of network inter-media agenda setting, examining the coverage of ‘electoral rigging’ issue which emerged as the key political issue and slogan of losing political party and gained the momentum of a movement against the ruling political party, blaming them of coming in power after a rigged election, during post elections 2013 in Pakistan. ‘Social Network’ analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected from three newspapers belonging to leading media houses of Pakistan ; Daily Jang, Daily Dunya and Daily Express to explore the relationship of inter-media agenda setting networks. Findings conclude that all three newspapers were found on the same agenda about elections-2013 in news coverage. However, editorial policy of Daily Dunya and Daily Jang was different on electoral rigging issue. Daily Dunya editorial policy was also found different about PML-N government from other two papers. Finally, it is argued, although intermedia agenda setting are found valid in Pakistan, yet effects are larger for national issue of electoral rigging, and minimal in case of political party, PML-N rigging. QAP Correlation results indicate strong association among the agenda of three newspapers. However, these associations are different for two issues; Electoral rigging, and PML-N rigging. Intermedia agenda setting effects are larger for the issue of electoral rigging, and minimal for the issue of PML-N rigging.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"334 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127575221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aatif Iftikhar, Zahid_iqbal_khan Zahid Iqbal Khan, Naeem_ullah_tariq Naeem Ullah Tariq
This study aimed to identify TV advertisements' role in popular culture commodification among teenage boys and the population is the boys from the teenage group of Sargodha city of Pakistan. For conducting this quantitative study, a detailed questionnaire was designed for collecting the required set of data from the sample of 300 teenage boys from the city of Sargodha, and the sample size was chosen based on the convenience sampling technique. The findings of the study indicate that a significant number of the population for the study watch TV ads with high attention to get information. Moreover, it is evident that much interest taken by teenagers in the city in the model, location, language, music, slogan, message, colors, dance, gender interactions, and themes of the TV ads. In addition, the study also found that a preference for buying beauty soaps, cosmetics, cell phones, gel, fast foods, drinks, dresses, hair colors, toothpaste, and detergent has been seen among teenagers after they watch a TV ad for a relevant product. Furthermore, in terms of trends, and the adoption of popular culture as a result of TV ads watching, the study revealed that the more preferred trends by teenagers are hairstyles, dresses, home videos, mobiles, drinks, fast food, and languages used in TV ads. However, findings reflect that teenage boys do not tend to adopt tattoos, weary and bracelets wearing pop culture as a result of TV ads watching. These findings are stated after the verification of quantitative results using regression tests and chi-square methods. The findings of the study are significant to understand the relationship between mass media and the social sphere.
{"title":"TV Advertisements and Social Influence: A Study of Electronic Media’s Contribution for Projection of Popular Culture among Teenage Boys","authors":"Aatif Iftikhar, Zahid_iqbal_khan Zahid Iqbal Khan, Naeem_ullah_tariq Naeem Ullah Tariq","doi":"10.56536/jmes.v3i.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/jmes.v3i.33","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify TV advertisements' role in popular culture commodification among teenage boys and the population is the boys from the teenage group of Sargodha city of Pakistan. For conducting this quantitative study, a detailed questionnaire was designed for collecting the required set of data from the sample of 300 teenage boys from the city of Sargodha, and the sample size was chosen based on the convenience sampling technique. The findings of the study indicate that a significant number of the population for the study watch TV ads with high attention to get information. Moreover, it is evident that much interest taken by teenagers in the city in the model, location, language, music, slogan, message, colors, dance, gender interactions, and themes of the TV ads. In addition, the study also found that a preference for buying beauty soaps, cosmetics, cell phones, gel, fast foods, drinks, dresses, hair colors, toothpaste, and detergent has been seen among teenagers after they watch a TV ad for a relevant product. Furthermore, in terms of trends, and the adoption of popular culture as a result of TV ads watching, the study revealed that the more preferred trends by teenagers are hairstyles, dresses, home videos, mobiles, drinks, fast food, and languages used in TV ads. However, findings reflect that teenage boys do not tend to adopt tattoos, weary and bracelets wearing pop culture as a result of TV ads watching. These findings are stated after the verification of quantitative results using regression tests and chi-square methods. The findings of the study are significant to understand the relationship between mass media and the social sphere.","PeriodicalId":154005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media and Entrepreneurial Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115381394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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