Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90180-9
{"title":"Report on workshop held 6 December 1985 at the Institute of Health Policy Analysis, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2121 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90180-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90180-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 457-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90180-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72261228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90123-8
Jan P. Vandenbroucke
{"title":"A check-list for observational research?","authors":"Jan P. Vandenbroucke","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90123-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90123-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 11","pages":"Pages 1067-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90123-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14775056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90179-2
R.T. Ravenholt
{"title":"Tuberculosis control assisted by family planning","authors":"R.T. Ravenholt","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90179-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90179-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 453-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90179-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14680775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90149-4
Jan P. Vandenbroucke
{"title":"A short note on the history of the randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jan P. Vandenbroucke","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90149-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90149-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 10","pages":"Pages 985-987"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90149-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14429113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90028-2
Olli S. Miettinen
In summary, from the epidemiologic perspective, the conference made it clear that:
1.
(1) In modern occcurence research in medicine, quality of life is an important aspect of health outcome, along with duration of life; and it is of interest as a determinant of outcome as well.
2.
(2) The concept of quality of life remains ill-defined but is, in the medical sense, some aggregate representation of disability discomfort, and distress resulting from illness and/or medical action.
3.
(3) In medicine, quality of life is, in concept, specific to various types of clinical situation; and empirical scales need to be similarly situation-specific.
4.
(4) Whereas clinical research on quality of life is already being conducted successfully, further development of scales specific to particular types of clinical situation remains a challenge to theorists of quality of life, as well as to experts on clinimetrics who collaborate with clinical specialists.
{"title":"Quality of life from the epidemiologic perspective","authors":"Olli S. Miettinen","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90028-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90028-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In summary, from the epidemiologic perspective, the conference made it clear that: </p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>(1) In modern occcurence research in medicine, quality of life is an important aspect of health <em>outcome</em>, along with duration of life; and it is of interest as a <em>determinant</em> of outcome as well.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>(2) The concept of quality of life remains ill-defined but is, in the medical sense, some aggregate representation of disability discomfort, and distress resulting from illness and/or medical action.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>(3) In medicine, quality of life is, in concept, specific to various types of clinical situation; and empirical scales need to be similarly situation-specific.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>(4) Whereas clinical research on quality of life is already being conducted successfully, further development of scales specific to particular types of clinical situation remains a challenge to theorists of quality of life, as well as to experts on clinimetrics who collaborate with clinical specialists.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 641-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90028-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14718931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2009-05-29DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80035-8
Donald M. Berwick , Simon Budman , Josephine Damico-White , Michael Feldstein , Gerald L. Klerman
The 30-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was completed by 1649 new adult enrollees in a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), Factor analysis of responses disclosed six factors (Anxiety/Strain, Confidence, Depression, Energy, Social Function, and Insomnia) and a strong tendency for items of similar wording (positive phrasing) to cluster together.
Elevations of GHQ scores, especially when persistent over two administrations of the GHQ separated by 7 months, were strongly associated with the probability of both mental health and non-mental health care within 12 months of enrollment. Anxiety/Strain, Depression, and Social Function scores were associated with the probability of use; Confidence and Energy factors were not. Once in care a member's rate of use of service was relatively independent of the response pattern to the GHQ at enrollment.
{"title":"Assessment of psychological morbidity in primary care: Explorations with the general health questionnaire","authors":"Donald M. Berwick , Simon Budman , Josephine Damico-White , Michael Feldstein , Gerald L. Klerman","doi":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80035-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80035-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 30-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was completed by 1649 new adult enrollees in a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), Factor analysis of responses disclosed six factors (Anxiety/Strain, Confidence, Depression, Energy, Social Function, and Insomnia) and a strong tendency for items of similar wording (positive phrasing) to cluster together.</p><p>Elevations of GHQ scores, especially when persistent over two administrations of the GHQ separated by 7 months, were strongly associated with the probability of both mental health and non-mental health care within 12 months of enrollment. Anxiety/Strain, Depression, and Social Function scores were associated with the probability of use; Confidence and Energy factors were not. Once in care a member's <em>rate</em> of use of service was relatively independent of the response pattern to the GHQ at enrollment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Pages 71S-79S"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0021-9681(87)80035-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14719094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90078-6
C.A. Martin, M.S.T. Hobbs, B.K. Armstrong
The validity of identifying incident cases of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 1971 and 1982 in Western Australia from routine hospital records was assessed in ages 25–64 years, according to the WHO criteria defined in 1970 and 1983. This was done by reviewing original data sources and by using the Perth Coronary Register of 1971 as an external reference.
Events with a coded discharge diagnosis of acute or subacute ischemic heart disease were found to be highly sensitive (97%) for cases of “definite” AMI (WHO 1983 criteria). The specificity of such events was lower (positive predictive value of about 70%) and validation of these events would be necessary for studies requiring high specificity. The sensitivity and specificity of these events for “definite” AMI seemed quite stable over time with similar values being observed in 1971 and 1978. Although the situation for “possible” AMI (non-fatal) is less clear, certainly many more records would need to be reviewed to validate this diagnosis.
{"title":"Identification of non-fatal myocardial infarction through hospital discharge data in Western Australia","authors":"C.A. Martin, M.S.T. Hobbs, B.K. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90078-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90078-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The validity of identifying incident cases of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 1971 and 1982 in Western Australia from routine hospital records was assessed in ages 25–64 years, according to the WHO criteria defined in 1970 and 1983. This was done by reviewing original data sources and by using the Perth Coronary Register of 1971 as an external reference.</p><p>Events with a coded discharge diagnosis of acute or subacute ischemic heart disease were found to be highly sensitive (97%) for cases of “definite” AMI (WHO 1983 criteria). The specificity of such events was lower (positive predictive value of about 70%) and validation of these events would be necessary for studies requiring high specificity. The sensitivity and specificity of these events for “definite” AMI seemed quite stable over time with similar values being observed in 1971 and 1978. Although the situation for “possible” AMI (non-fatal) is less clear, certainly many more records would need to be reviewed to validate this diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 12","pages":"Pages 1111-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90078-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14800357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-01-01Epub Date: 2004-04-15DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90144-5
R.S.C. Rodger , K. Fletcher , B.J. Fail , H. Rahman , L. Sviland , P.J. Hamilton
By studying 516 healthy adults normal reference intervals were established for the Coulter “S” haematological indices with the plasma ferritin, B12, folate and red cell folate in a subgroup of 306. Significant sex related differences were found for all measurements other than MCV, MCH and B12. After allowing for these sex related differences, the effects of age, body size, fasting, smoking, alcohol, exercise and contraceptive pill usage on the parameters studied was defined.
{"title":"Factors influencing haematological measurements in healthy adults","authors":"R.S.C. Rodger , K. Fletcher , B.J. Fail , H. Rahman , L. Sviland , P.J. Hamilton","doi":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90144-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9681(87)90144-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By studying 516 healthy adults normal reference intervals were established for the Coulter “S” haematological indices with the plasma ferritin, B<sub>12</sub>, folate and red cell folate in a subgroup of 306. Significant sex related differences were found for all measurements other than MCV, MCH and B<sub>12</sub>. After allowing for these sex related differences, the effects of age, body size, fasting, smoking, alcohol, exercise and contraceptive pill usage on the parameters studied was defined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chronic diseases","volume":"40 10","pages":"Pages 943-947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9681(87)90144-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14732757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}